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80-541: Pushkar is a temple town near Ajmer City and headquarters of Pushkar tehsil in the Ajmer district in the Indian state of Rajasthan . It is situated about 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Ajmer and about 150 kilometres (93 mi) southwest of Jaipur . It is a pilgrimage site for Hindus and Sikhs . Pushkar has many temples. Most of the temples and ghats in Pushkar are from

160-511: A Chahamana ruler, either Ajayaraja I or Ajayaraja II . It refers to the Taragarh Hill, on which the city is situated. Over time, "Ajaya Meru" evolved into "Ajmer". It served as their capital until the 12th century CE. A Gujarati historic novel named Gujaratno Jay written by Zaverchand Meghani , based on various Jain Prabandhas, describes the city as sapādalakṣaṇa (સપાદલક્ષણ). Ajmer

240-418: A blade, has a nearly trapezoidal form. The Adelaide point emphasizes the range of variation in both time and culture of the laminar microliths; it also shows their technological differences, but sometimes morphological similarities, with geometric microliths. Laminar microliths can also sometimes be described as trapezoidal, triangular or lunate. However, they are distinct from the geometric microliths because of

320-564: A curved profile whose retouches are semi-abrupt and which characterize a particular phase of the Aurignacian period. Solutrean backed edge blades display pronounced and abrupt retouching, so that they are long and narrow and, although rare, characterize certain phases of the Solutrean period. Ouchtata bladelets are similar to the others, except that the retouched back is not uniform but irregular; this type of microlith characterizes certain periods of

400-399: A depleted nucleus of flint. They were produced either by percussion or by the application of a variable pressure (although pressure is the best option, this method of producing microliths is complicated and was not the most commonly used technique). There are three basic types of laminar microlith. The truncated blade type can be divided into a number of sub-types depending on the position of

480-613: A festival of folk music and dances, ferris wheels, magic shows, horse and camel races and various other traditional sports and team entertainment competitions. While the Pushkar fair is held around the Kartik Purnima that typically overlaps between late October and early November, other seasons feature other sports and festivals for pilgrims who visit the sacred lake . Pushkar is a sacred pilgrimage site for Sikhs as well, according to Gurmukh Singh, with Gurdwaras dedicated to Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh . These have historic roots, with

560-406: A fun trip to Pushkar, Rajasthan. The weather is also just right. Moreover, one can also enjoy the famous camel fair during kartik poornima along with festivities. Sunset Point – Located at the southern end of the Pushkar lake, Sunset Point is one of the famous attractions in Pushkar. It is also a place where many artists show their talent in front of the visitors. Old Pushkar – Old Pushkar lake

640-458: A larger blade-like piece of flint by abrupt or truncated retouching , which leaves a very typical piece of waste, called a microburin . The microliths themselves are sufficiently worked so as to be distinguishable from workshop waste or accidents. Two families of microliths are usually defined: laminar and geometric. An assemblage of microliths can be used to date an archeological site. Laminar microliths are slightly larger, and are associated with

720-881: A long occupation. The end of the settlement came at the beginning of the Neolithic period. One of the skeletons that has been found has a geometric microlith lodged in one of its vertebra. All indications suggest that the person died because of this projectile; whether by intention or by accident is unknown. It is widely agreed that geometric microliths were mainly used in hunting and fishing , but they may also have been used as weapons . Well-preserved examples of arrows with microliths in Scandinavia have been found at Loshult, at Osby in Sweden , and Tværmose, at Vinderup in Denmark . These finds, which have been preserved practically intact due to

800-632: A part of Jodhpur State under the Rathores of Marwar who rebuilt the temples and ghats. Several important temples were rebuilt by the Rajputs, Marathas, Brahmans and wealthy Hindu merchants. The Brahma temple was rebuilt by Gokul Parak Oswal, the temple of Saraswati was rebuilt by the Purohit of Jodhpur, the temple of Badri Narayana was rebuilt by the Thakur of Kherwa, the temple of Varaha which had been destroyed by Jahangir

880-432: A population of 21,626. The town had 11,335 resident males and 10,291 females. Children in the 0-6 age group constituted 13.95% of the population. About 80% of the population including all age groups was literate (90% male literacy rate, 70% female). The town had over 4,250 houses, or about 5 residents on average per house. Pushkar fair continues for five days and these five days are a period of relaxation and merry-making for

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960-737: A site in France that preserves habitation from the late Magdalenian – the Pincevent . In the remains of some of the hearths at this location, bladelets are found in groups of three, perhaps indicating that they were mounted in threes on their handles. A javelin tip made of horn has been found at this site with grooves made for flint bladelets that could have been secured using a resinous substance. Signs of much wear and tear have been found on some of these finds. Specialists have carried out lithic or microwear analysis on artefacts, but it has sometimes proved difficult to distinguish those fractures made during

1040-645: A source of red ware and painted gray ware confirming ancient settlement. Pushkar is mentioned in the Ramayana , the Mahabharata and the Puranas , suggesting its significance in historical and religious tradition of Hinduism . The city is mentioned in many texts dated to the 1st millennium. These texts are not, however, historical. The earliest historical records relating to Pushkar and Ajmer are found in Islamic texts describing

1120-680: A widely variable number of microliths: in Tværmose there was only one, in Loshult there were two (one for the tip and the other as a fin), in White Hassocks, in West Yorkshire , more than 40 have been found together; the average is between 6 and 18 pieces for each projectile. Early research regard the microlithic industry in India as a Holocene phenomenon, however a new research provides solid data to put

1200-401: Is 135 km from Ajmer is the nearest international airport. The Ajmer Junction is the main railway station situated in the city. It was built during colonial times. The city has many schools and colleges. Among them, Mayo College is a prominent college. The regional office of CBSE is located here. Microlith Microliths are produced from either a small blade ( microblade ) or

1280-526: Is Ajayaraja II) moved his residence to Ajmer. A later text, Prabandha-Kosha states that it was the 8th-century king Ajayaraja I who commissioned the Ajayameru fort, which later came to be known as the Taragarh fort of Ajmer. According to historian R. B. Singh, this claim appears to be true, as inscriptions dated to the 8th century CE have been found at Ajmer. Singh theorises that Ajayaraja II later expanded

1360-441: Is Bhanwar Lal Mehra and district collector is Ansh Deep. The Kishangarh Airport is the nearest airport. It is 25 km from Ajmer city. The Ajmer Airport ground breaking ceremony was done by then Prime Minister of India Manmohan Singh in 2012. The airport was finally completed and inaugurated by then Union Minister of State for Civil Aviation Jayant Sinha and Chief Minister Vasundhara Raje on 11 October 2017. The airport

1440-459: Is from the Readycon Dene site in West Yorkshire , where 35 microliths appear to be associated with a single projectile. In Urra Moor, North Yorkshire , 25 microliths give the appearance of being related to one another, due to the extreme regularity and symmetry of their arrangement in the ground. The study of English and European artifacts in general has revealed that projectiles were made with

1520-524: Is in centre-east part of Rajasthan, on the western side of Aravalli mountains. The nearest airport from Pushkar is Kishangarh Airport in Kishangarh , about 45 km (28 mi) northeast. Pushkar is about 10 km (6.2 mi) from Ajmer , connected via Pushkar road (Highway 58) which goes over the Aravalli Range mountains. Ajmer is also the nearest major railway station. Raja Ram Singh constructed

1600-435: Is near some of the oldest geological structures in India. Microliths near Khera and Kaderi suggest the region was settled in ancient times. The Aravalli hills near it have yielded Mohenjodaro -style artifacts, but the connection is unclear as these items may have been transported later. Sites near it have been sources of ancient Brahmi script inscriptions, considered pre-Ashokan near village Badli. Local excavations have been

1680-617: Is not a geometrical microlith (or even a tool), it is now seen as a characteristic waste product from the manufacture of these geometric microliths: Geometric microliths, though rare, are present as trapezoids in Northwest Africa in the Iberomaurusian . They later appear in Europe in the Magdalenian initially as elongated triangles and later as trapezoids (although the microburin technique

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1760-424: Is operational since then and regular flights to/from Delhi , Mumbai , Hyderabad , Ahmedabad , Indore and Surat are currently available. The airport is now among main and busy airports of Rajasthan. Currently SpiceJet and Star Air operate from Ajmer Airport on daily basis. Kishangarh Airport, Ajmer is being managed and operated by Airports Authority of India (AAI). The Jaipur International Airport which

1840-407: Is rebuilt and is located around 5 km from Pushkar Lake. According to the ancient texts, Old Pushkar has equal cultural and religious significance for the pilgrims. Ajmer Ajmer ( pronounced [ədʒmeːr] ) is a city in the north-western Indian state of Rajasthan . It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Ajmer district and Ajmer division . It lies at

1920-594: Is seen from the Perigordian ), they are mostly seen during the Epipaleolithic and the Neolithic . They remained in existence even into the Copper Age and Bronze Age , competing with "leafed" and then metallic arrowheads. All the currently known geometric microliths share the same fundamental characteristics – only their shapes vary. They were all made from blades or from microblades (nearly always of flint), using

2000-616: Is the nearest tourist attraction that lies outside the city boundaries of Pushkar. Located 27 kilometres away from Ajmer, there is Kishangarh, famous for its miniature paintings, more popularly known as Bani Thani . Pushkar Lake – The prime attraction of Pushkar is the Pushkar Lake which is considered sacred like the Mansarovar Lake in Tibet. Pushkar has become a place of Hindu pilgrimage because of this holy lake. Legend has it that this lake

2080-512: The Chalcolithic period, or Copper Age (that is, stone arrowheads were increasingly made by a different technique during this later period). Not all the different types of laminar microliths had functions that are clearly understood. It is likely that they contributed to the points of spears or light projectiles, and their small size suggests that they were fixed in some way to a shaft or handle. Backed edge bladelets are particularly abundant at

2160-594: The Epipaleolithic Saharans . The Ibero-Maurusian and the Montbani bladelet, with a partial and irregular lateral retouching, is characteristic of the Italian Tardenoisian . These are very sharp bladelets formed by abrupt retouching. There are a huge number of regional varieties of these microliths, nearly all of which are very hard to distinguish (especially those from the western area) without knowing

2240-826: The Fa Hien Cave in Sri Lanka. A further excavation in 1988 yielded microlith stone tools, remnants of prehistoric fireplaces and organic material, such as floral and human remains. Radiocarbon dating indicates that the cave had been occupied from about 33,000 years ago, the Late Pleistocene and Mesolithic to 4,750 years ago, the Neolithic in the Middle Holocene. Human remains of the several sediment deposits were analyzed at Cornell University and studied by Kenneth A. R. Kennedy and graduate student Joanne L. Zahorsky. Sri Lanka has yielded

2320-553: The Hindu calendar ( Kartik (month) , October or November). It attracts nearly 200,000 people. In 1998, Pushkar hosted about 1 million domestic (95%) and international tourists over the year. Pushkar town is famous for its lake known as Pushkar Lake. The lake has 52 ghats. About 400 blue-colored temples surround the holy lake. It makes the atmosphere more spiritual and divine as one can listen to magical chants from temples. In Sanskrit, pushkara ( पुष्कर ) means "blue lotus flower." Pushkar

2400-584: The Scindias conquered the city, and in 1818, the British gained authority over the city. A municipality was established at Ajmer in 1866. Colonial-era Ajmer served as the headquarters of the Ajmer-Merwara Province and possessed a Central jail, a large General Hospital , and two smaller hospitals, according to Gazetteer, 1908. It was the headquarters of a native regiment and of a Railway Volunteer corps. From

2480-418: The microburin technique (which implies that it is not possible to conserve the remains of the heel or the conchoidal flakes from the blank). The pieces were then finished by a percussive retouching of the edges (generally leaving one side with the natural edge of the blank), giving the piece its definitive polygonal form. For example, in order to make a triangle, two adjacent notches were retouched, leaving free

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2560-615: The monsoon months, between June and September. Temperatures remain relatively high throughout the year, with the summer months of April to early July having an average daily temperature of about 30 °C (86 °F). During the monsoon there is frequent heavy rain and thunderstorms, but flooding is not a common occurrence. The winter months of November to February are mild and temperate with average temperatures ranging from 15–18 °C (59–64 °F) with little or no humidity. There are, however, occasional cold weather fronts that cause temperatures to fall to near freezing levels. According to

2640-499: The 18th century and later, because many temples were destroyed during Muslim conquests in the area. Subsequently, the destroyed temples were rebuilt. The most famous among Pushkar temples is the red spired Brahma Temple . It is considered a sacred city by the Hindus particularly in Shaktism , and meat and eggs consumption are forbidden in the city as are alcohol and drugs. Pushkar is located on

2720-519: The 18th century. Holi takes place in March and it is one of the most important festivals in the Hindu calendar. It represents the triumph of good over evil and the coming of springtime. Holi celebrations happen all over India and involve huge jubilant street parties. During Holi, Bhang (ancient Indian cannabis edible ) is served in Pushkar, which is known to have some of the best Bhang in India. Fairs Ajmer

2800-685: The 1900s, the United Free Church of Scotland, the church of England, the Roman Catholics, and the American Episcopal Methodists have had mission establishments here. At that time there were twelve printing presses in the city, from which eight weekly newspapers were published. At the time of India's independence in 1947, Ajmer continued as a separate state with its own legislature until its merger with erstwhile Rajputana province, then called Rajasthan. The Legislature of Ajmer State

2880-408: The 2011 census, Ajmer had a population of 542,321 in the city, 551,101 including its suburbs. The female to male ratio in the city was 947/1,000. The literacy rate in the city was 86.52%, male literacy being 92.08% and female literacy being 80.69%. Ajmer's population growth in the decade was 18.48%; this compares to a growth figure of 20.93% in the previous decade. Divisional commissner of Ajmer

2960-682: The Epipaleolithic and the Mesolithic, the presence of laminar or geometric microliths serves to date the deposits of different cultural traditions. For instance, in the Atlas Mountains of northwest Africa, the end of the Upper Paleolithic period coincides with the end of the Aterian tradition of producing laminar microliths, and deposits can be dated by the presence or absence of these artifacts. In

3040-547: The Guru Nanak Gurdwara in the eastern part of the town called Guru Nanak Dharamsala, a name common for Sikh shrines before the 20th-century. The Sikh Dharamshala is a two-storeyed building consisting of a central room, surrounded by a verandah. The second Sikh temple is dedicated to Guru Gobind Singh marking his visit after he left Anandpur Sahib. Pandit Parmanand took an oath on the holy cow on behalf of Hindu kings and Muslim priest, Qazi Syyed Wali Hassan took an oath on

3120-672: The Near East, the laminar microliths of the Kebarian culture were superseded by the geometric microliths of the Natufian tradition a little more than 11,000 years ago. This pattern is repeated throughout the Mediterranean basin and across Europe in general. A similar thing is found in England, where the preponderance of elongated microliths, as opposed to other frequently occurring forms, has permitted

3200-569: The Quran which was handwritten by Aurangzeb. They promised that if Guru ji leaves Anandpur Sahib then he will not attack Guru ji and everyone can move out of Anandpur Sahib peacefully. The place he stayed in and the lakefront next to it is now called the Gobind Ghat. It has a memorial inscription and this shrine was built with the sponsorship of the Maratha Empire, after the widespread Hindu-Muslim wars in

3280-453: The South Asia microliths industry up to 45 ka across whole South Asia subcontinent. This new research also synthesizes the data from genetic, paleoenvironmental and archaeological research, and proposes that the emergence of microlith in India subcontinent could reflect the increase of population and adaptation of environmental deterioration. In 1968 human burials sites were uncovered inside

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3360-525: The archaeological context in which they appear. The following is a small selection. Omitted are the foliaceous tips (also called leafed tips), which are characterized by a covering retouch and which constitute a group apart. The next group contains a number of points from the Middle East characterized as cultural markers. The Adelaide point is found in Australia . Its construction, based on truncations on

3440-605: The best known is a microlith from Star Carr in Yorkshire that retains residues of resin, probably used to fix it to the tip of a projectile. Recent excavations have found other examples. Archeologists at the Risby Warren V site in Lincolnshire have uncovered a row of eight triangular microliths that are equidistantly aligned along a dark stain indicating organic remains (possibly the wood from an arrow shaft). Another clear indication

3520-657: The centre of Rajasthan, earning it the nickname 'the Heart of Rajasthan'. Ajmer is surrounded by the Aravalli Mountains . Ajmer has been a municipality since 1869. Ajmer has been selected as one of the heritage cities for the HRIDAY and Smart City Mission schemes of the Government of India . The city of Ajmer was established as "Ajaya Meru", meaning "invincible hill" in Sanskrit by

3600-452: The city, and endowed it with constructions such as Akbar's palace and pavilions along the Ana Sagar . Their most prominent building activities were in the dargah and its vicinity. Jahanara Begum and Dara Shikoh , children of Shah Jahan , were both born in the city in 1614 and 1615, respectively. Mughal patronage of the city had waned by the beginning of the 18th century. In 1752,

3680-522: The earliest known microliths, which did not appear in Europe until the Early Holocene. 2019 study found Fa-Hien Lena cave microlith assemblage represents the earliest microlith assemblage in South Asia dating back to c. 48,000–45,000 years ago. Laminar microliths are common artifacts from the Upper Paleolithic and the Epipaleolithic, to such a degree that numerous studies have used them as markers to date different phases of prehistoric cultures. During

3760-449: The earth and reaching the area of the present Pushkar, he entered that forest, full of many trees and creepers, adorned with many flowers, filled with the notes of many birds, crowded with groups of many beasts. Brahma was very pleased with the forests and trees and after remaining at Pushkar for a thousand years he threw a lotus on the ground which made the earth tremble to its core. The devas were also shaken and not knowing what had caused

3840-419: The edges, generally a side one, rounded or chamfered by abrupt retouching. There are fewer types of these blades, and may be divided into those where the entire edge is rounded and those where only a part is rounded, or even straight. They are fundamental in the blade-forming processes, and from them, innumerable other types were developed. Dufour bladelets are up to three centimeters in length, finely shaped with

3920-554: The end of the Upper Paleolithic and the beginning of the Epipaleolithic era; geometric microliths are characteristic of the Mesolithic and the Neolithic . Geometric microliths may be triangular, trapezoid or lunate . Microlith production generally declined following the introduction of agriculture (8000 BCE) but continued later in cultures with a deeply rooted hunting tradition. Regardless of type, microliths were used to form

4000-418: The far north, but are particularly common in south-east Australia. Historically, backed artefacts were divided into asymmetrical Bondi points and symmetrical geometric microliths, however there appears to be no geographic or temporal pattern in the distribution of these shapes. Backed artefact manufacturing workshops have been identified at Ngungara show significant variation in shape, which has been linked to

4080-626: The final decades of Aurangzeb rule and the collapse of the Mughal Empire. The shrine has an old hand written copy of the Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib and a hukumnama believed by Sikhs to have been written by Guru Gobind Singh. Both these have been preserved by a Pushkar Brahmin priest, a descendant of the priest whom the Guru met. The hukumnama is on a bhoj patra , a method of recording letters in

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4160-498: The grand mansion, which serves as the guest house and is one of the most visited spots in Pushkar. Man Mahal is famous for its Rajasthani architectural style which represents the royal period. Pushkar is believed to be the place where Brahma performed penance for a very long time and therefore is also one of the rare places which hosts a temple to the Hindu creator god. According to the Padma Purana , once Brahma decided to go to

4240-634: The great number of geometric microliths that have been found in Western Europe, few examples show any clear evidence of their use, and all the examples are from the Mesolithic or Neolithic periods. Despite this, there is unanimity amongst researchers that these items were used to increase the penetrating potential of light projectiles such as harpoons , assegais , javelins and arrows . The most common form of microliths found in Australia are backed artefacts. The earliest backed artefacts have been dated to

4320-511: The haft of a tool was harder to produce than the point or edge: replacing dull or broken microliths with new easily portable ones was easier than making new hafts or handles. Laminar microliths date from at least the Gravettian culture or possibly the start of the Upper Paleolithic era, and they are found all through the Mesolithic and Neolithic eras. "Noailles" burins and micro-gravettes ( see § Micro points , below ) indicate that

4400-476: The lake and ghats. The time to visit the lake is between 9 AM to 6 PM every day. One can enjoy the camel rides near Pushkar Lake to witness the beauty of Aravali hills. Visitors also love to hang out at the best spots of Pushkar like the Brahma temple, and Pushkar palace which represent the rich Rajasthani culture and glimpse of Rajput rulers in a very beautiful way. The months between November to March are perfect for

4480-466: The least diversity of all and may be either semicircular or segmental . Archeological findings and the analysis of wear marks, or use-wear analysis , has shown that, predictably, the tips of spears , harpoons and other light projectiles of varying size received the most wear. Microliths were also used from the Neolithic on arrows , although a decline in this use coincided with the appearance of bifacial or "leafed" arrowheads that became widespread in

4560-411: The nearby Ajmer one of the provincial capitals, and it remained a part of the Mughal Empire until 1712 CE. The Muslim rule brought destruction as well as cultural influences. Aurangzeb 's armies destroyed the Hindu temples along the lake. The cattle and camel trading tradition brought merchants from Afghanistan. With the collapse of Mughal Empire after Aurangzeb, Pushkar was regained by Hindus and became

4640-399: The need to replace components of composite tools. Several studies in the production of backed artefacts have linked identified heat treatment as a key component as well as the use of large flank blanks. Functional studies of backed artefacts from south-eastern Australia show that they were multipurpose and multifunctional tools with a similar range of uses as unretouched flakes found at

4720-399: The northwest of India and is surrounded by the Aravali Mountains. It is situated on the lower slopes of the Taragarh Hill of that range. To the northwest is the Nagapathar Range of the Aravali Mountain Ranges which protects it from desertification from the Thar Desert . Ajmer has a hot, semi-arid climate with over 55 centimetres (22 inches) of rain every year, but most of the rain occurs in

4800-532: The points of hunting weapons, such as spears and (in later periods) arrows , and other artifacts and are found throughout Africa, Asia and Europe. They were utilised with wood, bone, resin and fiber to form a composite tool or weapon, and traces of wood to which microliths were attached have been found in Sweden, Denmark and England. An average of between six and eighteen microliths may often have been used in one spear or harpoon, but only one or two in an arrow. The shift from earlier larger tools had an advantage. Often

4880-404: The process of fashioning the flint implement from those made during its use. Microliths found at Hengistbury Head in Dorset , England, show features that can be confused with chisel marks, but which might also have been produced when the tip hit a hard object and splintered. Microliths from other locations have presented the same problems of interpretation. An exceptional piece of evidence for

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4960-404: The production of microliths had already started in the Gravettian culture. This style of flint working flourished during the Magdalenian period and persisted in numerous Epipaleolithic traditions all around the Mediterranean basin. These microliths are slightly larger than the geometric microliths that followed and were made from the flakes of flint obtained ad hoc from a small nucleus or from

5040-488: The raids and conquest of northwestern regions of the Indian subcontinent. The region finds mention in Mohammad Ghori 's 1192 CE conquest related records, in the defeat of Prithviraj Chauhan . Thereafter, Pushkar and nearby Ajmer find mention in historical records related to Qutub-ud-din Aibak . It was regained by Hindus under the Chahamanas of Ranastambhapura in 1287, but regained by the Delhi Sultanate in 1301 and remained in Muslim control for many centuries. Akbar made

5120-497: The same sites. There is one unambiguous example of them being used as part of composite weapon, either a spear or a club, as 17 backed artefacts were found embedded into the skeleton of an adult male dated to approximately 4000 years BP in the Sydney suburb of Narrabeen . In France, one unusual site stands out: the Mesolithic cemetery of Téviec , an island in Brittany . Numerous flint microliths were discovered here. They are believed to date to between 6740 and 5680 years BP - quite

5200-455: The shore of Pushkar Lake , which has many ghats where pilgrims bathe. Pushkar is also significant for its Gurdwaras for Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh . One of the bathing ghats is called Gobind ghat built by the Sikhs in the memory of Guru Gobind Singh. Pushkar is famous for its annual fair ( Pushkar Camel Fair ) featuring a trading fete of cattle, horses and camels. It is held over seven days in autumn marking Kartika Purnima according to

5280-437: The special conditions of the peat bogs , have included wooden arrows with microliths attached to the tip by resinous substances and cords. According to radiocarbon measurements, the Loshult arrows are dated to around 8000 BC, which represents a middle part of the Maglemose culture . This is close to the Early Boreal/Late Boreal transition. There are many examples of possible tools from Mesolithic deposits in England. Possibly

5360-422: The strokes used in the manufacture of geometric microliths, which mainly involved the microburin technique . Geometric microliths are a clearly defined type of stone tool, at least in their basic forms. They can be divided into trapezoid, triangular and lunate (half-moon) forms, although there are many subdivisions of each of these types. A microburin is included among the illustrations below because, although it

5440-445: The terminal Pleistocene , however they become increasingly common in Aboriginal Australian societies in the mid- Holocene , before declining in use and disappearing from the archaeological record approximately 1000 years before the British invasion of the continent in 1788 . The cause of this proliferation event is debated amongst archaeologists. Geographically they are found across almost all of continental Australia, except for

5520-537: The third edge or base (using the terminology of Fortea). They generally have one long axis and concave or convex edges, and it is possible for them to have a gibbosity (hump) or indentations. Triangular microliths may be isosceles , scalene or equilateral . In the case of trapezoid geometric microliths, on the other hand, the notches are not retouched, leaving a portion of the natural edge between them. Trapezoids can be further subdivided into symmetrical, asymmetrical and those with concave edges. Lunate microliths have

5600-440: The town area, constructed palaces, and moved the Chahamana capital from Shakambhari to Ajmer. In 1193, Ajmer was annexed by the Ghurids and later was returned to Gaur Rajput rulers under condition of tribute. By the 15th century, Ajmer was captured by Mewar and in 1506, Ajja Jhala was appointed as the Governor of Ajmer. In 1556, Ajmer came under the Mughal Empire after being conquered by Mughal Emperor Akbar . It

5680-430: The truncation (for example, oblique, square or double) and according to its form, for example, concave or convex. "Raclette scrapers" are notable for their particular form, being blades or flakes whose edges have been sharply retouched until they are semicircular or even shapeless. Raclettes are indefinite cultural indicators, as they appear from the Upper Paleolithic through to the Neolithic. Backed edge blades have one of

5760-433: The tumult caused by his dropping the lotus from his hand and asked the reason for it. Brahma informed them that a demon named Vajranabha who used to take away the life of children was waiting there to kill the gods but Brahma brought about his destruction by dropping the lotus. Since he had dropped the lotus there, therefore that place would be known as Pushkara, a great, sanctifying holy place, giving religious merit. Pushkar

5840-426: The upheaval, went to look for Brahma but could not find him. Vishnu told them the reason for the tremors and took them to Pushkar to meet Brahma. However they could not get a glimpse of him and Vayu and Brihaspati suggested them to meditate according to Vedic rites to be able to see Brahma. After a long time the creator-god became visible to them and asked them why they were so distressed. The devas told him about

5920-511: The use of microliths has been found in the excavations of the cave at Lascaux in the French Dordogne . Twenty backed edge bladelets were found with the remains of a resinous substance and the imprint of a circular handle (a horn). It appears that the bladelets might have been fixed in groups like the teeth of a harpoon or similar weapon. In all these locations, the microliths found have been backed edge blades, tips and crude flakes. Despite

6000-426: The villagers. This fair time is the busiest time for them, as this is one of the largest cattle fairs in the country. Animals, including over 50,000 camels, are brought from distant places around to be traded and sold. All the camels are washed and adorned, some are shorn to form artistic patterns. Some camels, horses, and cows are colorfully decorated. In addition to the animal trading market, Pushkar in parallel holds

6080-476: Was consecrated to Brahma, the creator of the universe when a lotus dropped from his hand into the vale and a lake emerged in that place. There are around 52 ghats around the lake. But some of the most visited ghats are Gwalior ghat, yag ghat, Varaha ghat, gau ghat, Jaipur ghat, karni ghat, dadhich ghat, saptarishi ghat, and Kota ghat. Authorities consider all these ghats around the lake as “monuments of national importance.” The royal families of Rajasthan restored

6160-401: Was housed in the building which now houses T. T. College. It had 30 MLAs, and Haribhau Upadhyay was the first chief minister of the erstwhile state, with Bhagirath Chaudhary as the first Vidhan Sabha speaker. In 1956, after acceptance of the proposal by Fazil Ali, Ajmer was merged into Rajasthan to form Ajmer District with the addition of Kishangarh sub-division of Jaipur district. Ajmer is in

6240-521: Was made the capital of the eponymous Ajmer Subah . The city enjoyed special favour under the Mughals, who made frequent pilgrimages to the city to visit the dargah of Moinuddin Chishti . The city was also used as a military base for campaigns against Rajput rulers and, on a number of occasions, became the site of celebration when a campaign bore success. Mughal Emperors and their nobles made generous donations to

6320-685: Was originally known as Ajayameru . Maharaja of Parmar Rajputs founded the Ajmer city in the 11th-century, which was admired from Chahamana king Ajaydeva. Historian Dasharatha Sharma notes that the earliest mention of the city's name occurs in Palha's Pattavali , which was copied in 1113 CE (1170 VS ) at Dhara . This suggests that Ajmer was founded sometime before 1113 CE. A prashasti (eulogistic inscription), issued by Vigraharaja IV and found at Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra (Sanskrit college), states Ajayadeva (that

6400-674: Was rebuilt by Maharaja Bakht Singh of Marwar and the Maratha Noble Goma Rao rebuilt the Shiva Atmateshwara Temple. In 1801, Pushkar came under British rule and remained a part of the British Raj until 1947. In contemporary times, it has been the venue of the famed annual Pushkar Camel Fair . In 1901, the town was part of the Rajputana Agency had a population of 3,831. According to 2011 India census , Pushkar had

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