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45-643: Many local areas use emergency population warnings to advise of prison escapes , abducted children , emergency telephone number outages, and other events. In order to develop an effective emergency warning system, certain things are required: Early warning system is the term that the International Early Warning Programme coordinated by the United Nations uses for all systems that are used to send emergency population warnings. ( IEWP 2007 ) The United Nations Development Programme uses

90-545: A message. EEW capability is also required for all domestic cell phones sold after 2007. JMA also issues advisories regarding tropical cyclones in the western Pacific Ocean. Many countries in South America have a mechanism called " cadena nacional " ( Spanish : national broadcast ). It enables the leader of the country to address the people simultaneously on all TV channels and radio stations, interrupting normal programming. In some countries, such as Argentina and Venezuela,

135-459: A ride to the inmate following their penetration, smuggle in contraband as visitors, or use helicopters, among other methods. When a banned item is smuggled, it can either be slipped through or tossed over the fence from outside, hidden in a gift to the inmate that is legal, or slipped past corrupt security officers. In some cases, the staff are the source of the smuggling themselves. Escaping from an island prison brings another challenge of crossing

180-551: A system could be implemented, and plans for further trials. However, no further trials or implementation of the system came. On 24 March 2020, the day after the UK went into a national lockdown in response to the COVID-19 pandemic , the government collaborated with the country's four main mobile networks , O2 , EE , Vodafone and Three , to send a text message alert regarding the new restrictions to all registered mobile phone numbers across

225-797: A test flood alert was sent using the new technology to devices in Reading . Another generic test alert was sent to O2 customers on 11 May. Certain BT Mobile customers (with BT Mobile operating on the EE network) received two alerts on 20 May. A more public test of the system was carried out for devices in East Suffolk on 25 May, followed by a test across the UK on 12 June. Further limited tests were sent on 18 and 22 June. All of these test messages were sent specifically marked as operator test alerts, meaning that not all devices receive them. They are received by devices that have

270-410: A warning signal in the event of a radiological emergency. Some emergencies ( AMBER Alerts , for instance) are also sent out via e-mail, cellphone text message, and highway signs. Many U.S. institutions of higher education now use multiple warning technologies on their campuses, including outdoor and indoor sirens, public address systems, email and cell phone text messaging, and digital displays. Prior to

315-561: Is Europe's first radio network, that broadcasts live news and information 24 hours a day, serving most regions in France in 105.5 MHz. On 11 July 2016, the name of France Télévisions ' then-upcoming news channel was announced to be France Info , which was launched on 1 September that year. This gathered the radio, television and online services under the banner of France Info. On 24 August 2016, France Télévisions' France TV Info online service and Radio France's France Info website were merged into

360-759: Is a national-level mobile risk alert and emergency communication system implemented by Intersec in partnership with the Ministry of the Interior in France. This system is designed to facilitate the efficient dissemination of critical alerts and safety information to citizens throughout the country. FR-Alert serves as a platform for delivering timely and accurate notifications related to various potential risks, including natural disasters and industrial incidents. Iranian armed forces texts are sent on several occasions. Also texts are sent by US just as well. The J-Alert system launched in 2007 aims to allow government officials to address

405-482: Is added to their sentence. France Info France Info (stylised as franceinfo: ) is a French public broadcasting service produced in collaboration with France Télévisions , Radio France , France Médias Monde and the Institut national de l'audiovisuel . The service includes a radio network , a TV channel , a website, and a mobile application. Launched on 1 June 1987 by Radio France , France Info

450-467: Is also a criminal offense in some countries, such as the United States and Canada, and it is highly likely to result in time being added to the inmate's sentence, as well as the inmate being placed under increased security that is most likely a maximum security prison or supermax prison . In Germany and a number of other countries, it is considered human nature to want to escape from a prison and it

495-638: Is an offence that can result in up to four years being added to the inmate's sentence. In the United Kingdom, escaping from lawful custody is a common law offence; if any force is used, the common law offence is termed "breaking prison." In Belgium , Germany, the Netherlands , Sweden , Austria , Mexico , Chile , and other countries, the philosophy of the law holds that it is human nature to want to escape. In those countries, escapees who do not break any other laws are not charged, and no extra time

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540-881: Is considered as a violation of the right of freedom, so escape is not penalized in itself (in the absence of other factors such as threats of violence , actual violence , or property damage ). Many prisons use security features such as CCTV , perimeter sensors , barred windows, high walls, barbed wire , razor wire , and electric fencing to prevent escapes. Even natural geographic features can play significant roles in preventing escapes; historically, mountains and islands were chosen as ideal settings for prison construction, given their significance in creating territorial isolation from outside worlds. Numerous methods have been used to escape from prisons over time. Many escapes have been successfully conducted by inmates who have invented their own methods. Weaknesses that are found as prisoners escape are often corrected at numerous prisons around

585-494: Is often activated when an unpredicted emergency such as a tornado, earthquake, or release of toxic gas happens. The vast majority of EAS alerts are generated by the National Weather Service . The Integrated Public Alert and Warning System (IPAWS) program of the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency is an attempt to integrate multiple public warning technologies into a coordinated nationwide "system of systems" using

630-413: Is on the other side, or using the cover of darkness. An uncommon method that has been used at times involves the digging of a tunnel under the facility that exits outside the facility. Physical force involves attacking guards with blunt force, homemade weapons , smuggled weapons, or weapons stolen from overpowered guards. Some escapes involve one or more inmates taking over an entire unit or section of

675-886: The Common Alerting Protocol . Systems targeted for inclusion in IPAWS include the Emergency Alert System , the Commercial Mobile Alert System using cellular telephones and other wireless devices and the NOAA Weather Radio network. Many states use existing air raid sirens to warn of tornadoes and flash floods. People living near certain nuclear facilities such as the Hanford Site in Washington have special radios in their home that are set to broadcast

720-675: The Common Alerting Protocol . The alert system, known as Alert Ready , built on a backend known as the National Alert Aggregation and Dissemination system (NAAD), was first established in 2010, and further expanded as a result of consultation with government officials, broadcasters, and the CRTC. In August 2014, the CRTC ruled that all television stations, radio stations, and broadcast distribution undertakings had to begin mandatory carriage of local alerts relayed through NAAD by March 31, 2015. The province of Alberta had its own system called

765-731: The Emergency Public Warning System (EPWS). The EPWS was put into place after a major tornado swept through the city of Edmonton in 1987, killing 27 and causing millions of dollars in damage. Unlike the American EAS, however, broadcast of the EPWS was not mandatory on radio and television stations. It was broadcast on the CKUA Radio Network and was televised on CTV Two Alberta and other participating stations. EPWS warnings could be initiated by municipal police and fire departments,

810-509: The " four-minute warning ". Its purpose was to warn the population, through a combination of air-raid sirens and messages over television and radio, of an impending nuclear missile attack from the Soviet Union ; its name derived from the expected amount of time between knowledge of the strike and the missile landing. The system was dismantled following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and

855-558: The Cabinet Office posting notices on social media, as well as some mobile networks. Further operator tests were carried out throughout July, August and September. The sound they use is exactly the same as the one in the US, some phones will beep three times before the message is read out, whilst other phones will signal a pattern for 10 seconds. There is no mention if alerts would be broadcast on TV or radio. The government initially planned to make

900-499: The National Periodic Test, which last occurred on October 4, 2023. Prison escape A prison escape (referred as a bust out , breakout , jailbreak , jail escape , or prison break ) is the act of an inmate leaving prison through unofficial or illegal ways. Normally, when this occurs, an effort is made on the part of authorities to recapture them and return them to their original detainers. Escaping from prison

945-563: The Send Word Now Emergency Notification System to alert its worldwide staff when an urgent situation arises. The Standard Emergency Warning Signal was originally adopted by the Bureau of Meteorology in the 1970s for tropical cyclone warnings. It became a standard national emergency warning signal in 1995. It can be broadcast on radio, television, automated telephone calls and in some places by public address systems in

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990-448: The UK. In order to not overwhelm the networks, the operators sent the messages in batches, going to one million or so numbers at a time. This process took over 24 hours, with some people not receiving the message until the following day. The government was accused of ignoring its own advice from the 2013 trials to set up a dedicated public alert system. In response, it began developing a system using Cell Broadcast technology. In March 2021,

1035-546: The adoption of the Emergency Alert System, the United States used CONELRAD from 1951 to 1963 and the Emergency Broadcast System from 1963 to 1997. Cable television systems in the United States also have emergency warnings at the time, known as Local Access Alert or Emergency Override System . A notable example of an emergency alert being issued in the United States was a nationwide alert test, known as

1080-526: The aftermath of the disaster. Since its inception in 2012 and through its official implementation in 2017 onwards, it has been used to provide alerts and information regarding natural disasters such as floods, wildfires, tsunami and earthquake warnings. All cell phones on sale in the country are required by law to be compatible with the SAE system since 2017. Between 1953 and 1992, the UK government had an alert system known as

1125-439: The air-raid siren network ( défense passive ) developed before World War II . It consists of about 4,500 electronic or electromechanical sirens placed all over France. In some cases, the warning signal may be played by a mobile system installed on the fire department 's vehicles. The warning signal is described by décret ( by law ) of March 23, 2007. It consists in a modulated sound going up and down (up to 380 Hz) during

1170-481: The alerts. The alert was received by most mobile phones between 14:59 and 15:05 BST, however some mobile devices on the Three network did not receive the alert. The bulk of emergency warnings in the United States are sent through the Emergency Alert System , implemented in 1997. The EAS can be activated by national, state, regional, or local authorities, including police, fire, weather, and other governmental authorities. EAS

1215-442: The appearance that they are in their cells asleep in bed. This enables the inmate to gain a head start before guards discover they are actually missing. Such dummies are crudely constructed often using papier-mâché, human hair, clothing, shoes, and other miscellaneous materials to serve as stuffing to create the appearance a body is present. Finding holes in the security of the facility, and taking advantage of them. This may include

1260-408: The broadcast of these messages is obligatory. Many of these systems were created by past military governments, and political use of the mechanism is common. The SAE (Spanish: Sistema de Alerta de Emergencia; English: Emergency Alert System) was created as a response to the 2010 Chilean Earthquake after the failure by the national authorities to provide safety precautions and speedy information during

1305-409: The cells. Even those who are allowed out of their cells at times still have plans that involve escape from their cells. Cell escapes occur through either the door, the window, the light, the ventilation system, by breaking down the walls, or by tunneling underground. Some prisoners have escaped by picking the locks on their cells. Containment penetration involves breaking down or slipping through

1350-514: The discovery of overlooked security issues, or taking advantage of guards who are not following policies or procedures, or are otherwise not doing their jobs properly. Taking advantage of intentional wrongdoing on part of prison staff. This may include the use of weapons or other contraband smuggled in by staff, or receiving assistance from staff who assist due to their personal initiative or by other means of compensation. Some lower security inmates are permitted to leave prison grounds temporarily on

1395-449: The end of the Cold War . In 2013, the government conducted trials of a public alert system using both SMS messaging and Cell Broadcast technology to send alert messages to mobile devices in areas affected by an emergency. A report was published in 2014 that said the trials were successful and that 85% of people thought that such a system would be a good idea, as well as detailing how such

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1440-493: The event of bushfire, flood, cyclone, tsunami, earthquake or terrorist attack. On June 11, 2009, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) approved a proposal by Pelmorex , owners of The Weather Network and MétéoMédia , to receive must-carry status for the channels, in exchange for developing a "national aggregator and distributor" of localized emergency alert messages compliant with

1485-440: The fences, damaging them. These fences are also watched by one or more guards from a tower, but escapees manage to pass the fence when the guard is turned away, unable to see in the dark, or sleeping on the job . Outside the fences is often a perimeter patrol conducted by an officer in a vehicle, which stands as the final line of defense. Escapees manage to evade this by studying the length of time between passes, waiting until it

1530-585: The first minute, and repeated three times. The end of alert is a continuous signal lasting 30 seconds. The system is tested the first Wednesday of every month at 11.45 in the north, 12.00 in the center, and at 12.15 in the south; for tests, the modulated signal is played only once. When the warning signal sounds, people are expected to remain at home or the building they are in and listen to further instructions on radio via France Info , France Inter , or local stations. Instructions may also be announced by police or fire department vehicles. FR-Alert FR-Alert

1575-460: The honor they will return. These include those who depart for employment outside the facility or furloughs that allow time outside for periods of time. Breaking while in custody outside facility grounds. Prisoners are often transported for work duties, to be moved between facilities, attend court hearings, for hospitalization and medical appointments, and other reasons. Receiving aid from an accomplice outside prison walls, including those who provide

1620-460: The option to receive test alerts turned on in the device settings, and some devices do not have this option. The first test alert marked as an actual alert, meaning it will be received by all compatible devices in the given area, was sent on 29 June, again only to devices in Reading. Because this alert would be received by most mobile devices in the Reading area, this alert was given more publicity, with

1665-511: The physical containment of the prison, including that of the cell itself or the surrounding complex. Methods include the destruction of the cell or compound walls, squeezing through tight spaces, or entering off-limits areas. Prisoners often destroy their containment with homemade tools, smuggled objects, or other contraband. Most prisons are contained on the outside by one or more fences, often topped with barbed wire or razor wire . Escapees manage to scale these fences successfully or cut holes in

1710-503: The population directly via loudspeakers. It aims to cover earthquake, tsunami, volcano, and military emergencies. The Earthquake Early Warning system is operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency . It is capable of delivering warnings a few seconds before S-waves can propagate to distant locations. Warnings are broadcast by radio and television stations, and compatible equipment can automatically turn on when receiving

1755-478: The prison, subduing guards, and stealing weapons or other objects they can use to their advantage. Deception may involve fooling one or more guards into believing the prisoner is authorized to depart prison grounds for a legitimate reason, or the prisoner disguising himself or herself as a worker or civilian who can exit prison grounds without arousing suspicion, or the creation of a ruse to mislead guards. In some escapes, inmates construct makeshift dummies to give

1800-479: The provincial government, county authorities, tribal government agencies, Environment Canada , and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police . CKUA developed and maintained the EPWS until January 2010, when it lost a bid to modernize the system to an outside vendor (the contract had provided 15% of the station's overall budget). In June 2011, an updated version of the system known as Alberta Emergency Alert

1845-434: The security level and specific institution. Some of the preventive measures are: In some jurisdictions, including the United States, escaping from jail or prison is a criminal offense. In Virginia , for instance, the punishment for escape depends on whether the offender used force, violence, or set fire to the jail, as well as the seriousness of the offense for which they were imprisoned. In Russia, escaping from prison

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1890-547: The system fully live and functional in the summer of 2021, but this was later changed to autumn of 2021, and then again delayed to early 2022 and then the summer 2022, with a publicised nationwide alert sent to all devices to demonstrate the system. A nationwide test of the system took place at 15:00 BST on the 23rd April 2023. Alerts were received by all mobile devices connected to 4G and 5G networks, running Android 11 or later or iOS 14.5 or later. Some older Android devices, as well as other makes and models of phones, also received

1935-430: The water to free land. This can be done by construction of a makeshift raft or receiving outside help from the owner of a boat. In the famed 1962 Alcatraz escape , a makeshift raft from raincoats was confirmed. One additional theory is that a boat was used to transport them in the water. Prevention of prison escape includes the numerous security measures that are in effect. How many and which measures are used depends on

1980-460: The world to prevent future escapes in a similar manner. This leads inmates to finding new ways. The following are methods that have commonly been used by prisoners in escapes. In some instances, a combination of these are used. While some prisoners are allowed out of their cells at times, others remain locked in their cells most of the time, particularly those in solitary confinement . Many prisoners who are kept in their cells must find ways out of

2025-452: Was introduced, which emphasized multi-platform availability of alerts and advisories on digital platforms, such as online and through a mobile app . Participation in AEA is now considered mandatory under the CRTC's national public alerting mandate. In France, the population warning is made via air raid siren . This network is called the "Réseau national d'alerte" (RNA). The system is inherited from

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