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87-670: The occasion is prescribed by the constitution, article 65 of which states: "A statement of the policy to be pursued by the Government shall be given by or on behalf of the King or the Queen before a joint session of the two Houses of the States-General that shall be held every year on the third Tuesday in September or on such earlier date as may be prescribed by Act of Parliament." Article 105, paragraph 2 of

174-511: A constitutional crisis when the I. K. Gujral Ministry was on its way out, a special session of Parliament was convened just to pass Chidambaram's 1997–98 budget. This budget was passed without a debate. After the general elections in March 1998 that led to the Bharatiya Janata Party forming the central government, Yashwant Sinha , the then Finance Minister in this government, presented

261-416: A "speech from the throne". The monarch gives a speech but it does not focus on or direct government policy. In Sweden, the practice of having a speech from the throne given by the monarch was held until 1974, coinciding with the rewrite of the constitution of Sweden which removed formal involvement of the monarch in the legislative process. The old opening of the legislature was called "The Solemn Opening of

348-457: A delegate to perform the task in his or her place. Elizabeth II did this during her pregnancies in 1959 and 1963, delivered instead by Lord Chancellor; and again due to ill health in 2022, delivered instead by Prince Charles (now Charles III ) who, along with Prince William , were acting as Counsellors of State . In those countries that share with the UK the same person as their respective sovereign,

435-506: A few weeks before the beginning of a fiscal year on 1 April, with a speech to move the motion for first reading of the bill. In 2002 the tradition for the Secretary for the Treasury to deliver a spending announcement was abolished. The budget day typically falls on a Wednesday in early March, but since 2000 it has been moved to a Wednesday in late February. A resolution for temporary appropriations

522-487: A new session of the legislature is opened. Historically, when monarchs exercised personal influence and overall decision-making in government, a speech from the throne would outline the policies and objectives of the monarch; the speech was usually prepared by the monarch's advisers, but the monarch supervised the drafting of the speech at least to some extent and exercised final discretion as to its content. In modern constitutional monarchies , whether by law or by convention,

609-530: A result, the speech no longer marks the opening of a session of parliament but the start of a new parliamentary year. In Norway, the monarch is required by article 74 of the constitution to preside over the opening of a session of the Storting (which happens every October) after it has been declared to be legally constituted by the president of the Storting. The monarch delivers the speech before parliamentarians in

696-460: A school Speech Day: a bit of a bore, but there it is". The Chancellor, Treasury ministers, and officials will have been working on the Budget some time in advance of Budget Day. Geoffrey Howe initiated the tradition of a weekend meeting, for all Treasury ministers and officials, outside London and some time in advance of Budget Day, for discussing the Budget. This meeting is now a customary part of

783-689: A throne speech, such as when, in 2011, Brigette DePape , a page in the Canadian Senate , interrupted Governor General David Johnston 's reading of the Speech From the Throne by standing and holding a sign calling for the then Prime Minister, Stephen Harper , to be stopped. Formally, the motion that follows the speech merely calls on parliament to thank the monarch or viceroy via an Address in Reply. The debate is, however, often wide-ranging, exploring many aspects of

870-563: Is a statement of the legislative agenda of the executive branch, usually given by a first minister. However, the British monarch often undertakes visits and speaks to the devolved bodies in a less official capacity. During her reign Queen Elizabeth II was present and gave an address at all openings of the Scottish parliament , usually speaking reflectively upon its accomplishments and wishing the institution well for its coming term rather than considering

957-471: Is an event in certain monarchies in which the reigning sovereign, or their representative, reads a prepared speech to members of the nation's legislature when a session is opened. The address sets forth the government's priorities for its legislative agenda, for which the cooperation of the legislature is sought. The speech is often accompanied by formal ceremony. It is often held annually, although in some places it may occur more or less frequently, whenever

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1044-594: Is considered essential the budget details not leak before the Chancellor's public speech. (In 1936, James Henry Thomas famously leaked Budget details after the Budget Cabinet, which at the time was being held five days before Budget Day, which had been until that point the traditional period between the Budget Cabinet and Budget Day itself.) Little objection has apparently been raised by the Cabinet to this. The only times that

1131-535: Is followed by a cycle of parliamentary debates on the budget. It starts with the general political debate ( Dutch : algemene politieke beschouwingen ), where the Prime Minister speaks on behalf of the government with parliamentary group leaders. A week later, the House debates with the minister and state secretaries of Finance during the general financial debate ( Dutch : algemene financiële beschouwingen ). Afterwards,

1218-410: Is normally carried live on Raidió Teilifís Éireann radio and television. The speech contains the main taxation and other fiscal measures to be employed over the next calendar year. The Opposition Front Bench spokesperson on Finance normally replies to the Budget speech first, followed by the spokespersons on finance of other opposition parties. A vote on supply normally takes place before midnight on

1305-591: Is presented by means of the Finance Bill and the Appropriation bill has to be passed by the House before it can come into effect on 1 April, the start of India's financial year . The first Union budget of independent India was presented by R. K. Shanmukham Chetty on 26 November 1947. The Union budgets for the fiscal years 1959–61 to 1963–64, inclusive of the interim budget for 1962–63, were presented by Morarji Desai . On 29 February in 1964 and 1968, he became

1392-584: Is referred to as the "Opening Address" ( French : Allocution d'ouverture ). In each of the Canadian territories, the commissioner reads the Throne Speech or Opening Address to the legislature. In British overseas territories that have instituted this practice, the relevant governor delivers the speech. A throne speech is not typical in the devolved legislatures within the United Kingdom; the nearest equivalent

1479-527: Is still the monarch who officially opens the annual session but he no longer gives a "speech from the throne"; the monarch is invited by the Speaker and delivers an introductory speech and then declares the session open. After the speech, the Prime Minister delivers a statement of the upcoming government agenda ( Swedish : Regeringsförklaring ) for the forthcoming legislative year is made. In Thailand ,

1566-569: Is the day that a government presents its budget to a legislature for approval, in a ceremonial fashion. It only exists in some countries of the world. In the United Kingdom, Budget Day is the day that the Chancellor of the Exchequer delivers the annual budget , first privately to the Cabinet and then publicly in a speech to the House of Commons . It is always aligned with the fiscal year , which itself in

1653-734: Is usually moved, since the third reading of the appropriations bill usually takes place after 1 April. The Union Budget of India , referred to as the Annual Financial Statement in Article 112 of the Constitution of India , is the annual budget of the Republic of India , presented each year on the very first day of February by the Finance Minister of India in Parliament . The budget, which

1740-568: Is very similar to Budget Day in the United Kingdom. In the early afternoon, the Minister for Finance will normally hold a photocall in the car park of Leinster House , with the traditional budget briefcase (in recent years, a floppy disk or CD-ROM purportedly containing the contents of the Budget speech has often been used instead). At 15:45, the Minister for Finance presents the budget speech in Dáil Éireann . The speech, which lasts approximately one hour,

1827-613: The Governor-General's Address to Dáil Éireann ; only two were ever given, in 1922 and 1923. In the Commonwealth realms , the speech from the throne is an oration that forms part of a ceremony marking the opening of parliament . Some records indicate the ceremony has taken place since the Middle Ages , while others place its origins in the 16th century, when England was still an absolute monarchy . The speech explained to parliament

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1914-556: The Australian monarch may also perform the task: Queen Elizabeth II opened the parliaments of some of the Australian states in 1954 and of New South Wales in 1992. In almost all the Canadian provinces , the relevant lieutenant governor delivers the speech; it is uncertain whether the Canadian monarch can do the same in any legislature of a Canadian province. In Quebec , however, the speech

2001-628: The Binnenhof , escorted by court dignitaries and a military escort of honour. Outside the palace stand an escort of honour and a military band. As the King or the Queen arrives at the Binnenhof , a band by the steps strikes up the Wilhelmus (national anthem). The King and other members of the Royal House salute the colour of the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps (the most ancient regiment in

2088-630: The Budget Memorandum (the Miljoenennota ) to the House of Representatives . Since 1947, the budget submitted is carried in a special briefcase in imitation of the British Budget Day tradition. The current briefcase was made in 1964 and has printed on it in Dutch: "Third Tuesday of September". Due to the size of the case, it probably contains only a part of the entire memorandum. The presentation

2175-432: The Parliament of Malaysia in joint session during its state opening yearly every March. In accordance with the constitution , the king addresses parliament at the beginning of its yearly session on the second Friday of October. The speech may only be made legally binding if it is read before both houses of parliament. Additionally, the monarch addresses the nation on the anniversaries of his accession ( Throne Day ),

2262-514: The Patriot era , leading up to the Batavian Revolution — the day was used for demonstrations of loyalty to the House of Orange , which is probably why the current name was chosen in the 19th century for the ceremonial opening of parliament. Historically, the constitution has stated that the opening of parliament should take place on a fixed date. The opening of parliament was originally held on

2349-609: The Revolution of the King and the People and the Green March . In the Netherlands, the speech from the throne is held annually on the third Tuesday in September, which is called Prinsjesdag (Prince's Day). Article 65 of the constitution states that "A statement of the policy to be pursued by the Government is given by or on behalf of the King before a joint session of the two Houses of

2436-695: The Riksdag " ( Swedish : Riksdagens högtidliga öppnande ) and was full of symbolism. The speech was given before the Riksdag in the Hall of State at the Royal Palace . The King would be seated on the Silver Throne as he gave his speech. Prior to 1907, the monarch and the princes of the royal blood would also wear their royal and princely robes and their crowns and coronets . After Oscar II 's death, his successor, Gustav V

2523-502: The Senate , it is Bill S-1 , an Act Relating to Railways. The texts of these two bills have nothing to do with either oaths of office or railways ; instead, they contain near-identical wordings that explain their pro forma function. In Australia and New Zealand, by contrast, no pro forma bills are introduced; there, the respective houses of representatives instead consider some brief and non-controversial business items before debating

2610-415: The chamber of the Storting . The heir to the throne also regularly accompanies the monarch. Upon the monarch's arrival in the chamber, the members of the Storting stand and the first verse of the royal anthem, Kongesangen , is sung. The monarch is handed the speech by the prime minister and proceeds to deliver the speech while all remain standing. Afterwards, the monarch and members take their seats and

2697-473: The keeper of the Privy Seal in 1431. It may have been written by or with the input of the king's or queen's advisers, but, the monarch, as supreme governor, was the principal author. Today, within the tenets of constitutional monarchy , the speech is written by the sitting cabinet , with or without the reader's participation, and outlines the legislative programme for the new parliamentary session. Due to

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2784-621: The lieutenant governor of Quebec has delivered a short inaugural address termed the Allocution , after which the premier reads his or her Discours d'ouverture (Opening Speech), called the Message inaugural from 1974 to 1984. In Hong Kong , the governor's address was termed the Policy Address during Chris Patten 's governorship. In the Irish Free State , the governor-general delivered

2871-692: The monarch makes a speech at a joint session in the Ananta Samakhom Throne Hall , advising the National Assembly in their work. Many republics also hold a yearly event in which the president gives a speech to a joint session of the legislature, such as the State of the Union address given by the president of the United States and in most U.S. states, where the governor gives a similar State of

2958-512: The royal family may also perform this duty, such as when, on 1 September 1919, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII ) read the Speech From the Throne in the Canadian parliament. On two occasions, the administrator of the Government delivered the address to the Parliament of Canada: 16 May 1963 and 30 September 1974. In the Australian states , the relevant governor reads the speech, though

3045-599: The Address in Reply. In Japan, the emperor makes only a short speech of greeting during the National Diet opening ceremony; he does not refer to any government policies, instead allowing the Prime Minister to address political matters, as in the contemporary cases in Sweden and Denmark. Malaysia also has the same practice, with the Yang di-Pertuan Agong making such an address to

3132-409: The Budget Cabinet has raised objections causing last-minute amendment to the Budget have been: The Chancellor's Speech in the House is given immediately after what is usually a somewhat lacklustre Prime Minister's Question Time , it being largely overshadowed by what is seen as the main parliamentary event of the day, now usually around 12:30 but previously about 15:30. Nigel Lawson reports that after

3219-580: The Colonial Era when the British Parliament would pass the budget in the noon followed by India in the evening of the day. It was done because when of the time difference between the two nations. When there is evening in India, Britain experiences morning. Therefore, the colonial government announced in the afternoon. By the time, it would be 28 or 29 February, UK would date 1 March It was Mr. Yashwant Sinha ,

3306-638: The Constitution adds that this coincides with the submission of the budget. After the speech from the throne, the budget is later presented to the House of Representatives by the Minister of Finance. The first part of Prinsjesdag is the Speech from the Throne at the assembly of the States-General in the Ridderzaal . At around 12:30 on Prinsjesdag, the members of the Senate and House of Representatives enter

3393-721: The Crown; a practice that originated after King Charles I was tried and executed by parliament. In the British House of Commons , the other business raised is by tradition the Outlawries Bill , while the House of Lords reads the Select Vestries Bill ; neither proceeds past the first reading . In the House of Commons of Canada , the bill considered is Bill C-1 , an Act Respecting the Administration of Oaths of Office, while in

3480-560: The Dutch armed forces) and mount the Ridderzaal’s steps, above which hangs a canopy. The president of the Senate presides over the joint session. Shortly before 13:00, he opens the meeting and then appoints a number of ushers from among the members of the two Houses to escort the King and his entourage. On this occasion, male MPs wear their most formal dress , while female MPs try to outdo each other with extravagant hats . The ushers receive

3567-510: The House of Commons was not possible, and the public would be able to access the information from various other outlets. The Finance Bill proper is only itself presented to Parliament some time after Budget Day, and is debated for days or even weeks afterwards. It is common for the bill to be passed, becoming the Finance Act , some time in late July. The Act back-dates its provisions, so that they take effect either from Budget Day itself or from

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3654-453: The King or the Queen and the members of the Royal House at the entrance to the Ridderzaal. The president of the joint session then announces the arrival of the head of state: a signal for all those present to stand. The King or the Queen then proceeds to the throne , from where he delivers his Speech from the Throne . In his capacity of (formal) head of the Government he announces the plans for

3741-406: The King!’ after which the monarch is greeted with three cheers. The monarch and his retinue leave and the joint session is declared to be closed. The monarch returns to the palace in the coach and, along with other members of the royal house, appears on the palace balcony. Following the 1983 revision of the constitution, a parliamentary session changed from lasting a year to lasting for four years. As

3828-465: The Ministry of Finance to become the first woman to hold the post of the finance minister. Pranab Mukherjee , the first Rajya Sabha member to hold the Finance portfolio, presented the annual budgets for 1982–83, 1983–84 and 1984–85. Rajiv Gandhi presented the budget for 1987–89 after V P Singh quit his government, and in the process became only the third Prime Minister to present a budget after his mother and grandfather. N. D. Tiwary presented

3915-478: The Report on the State of the Realm, an account of the government achievement of the past year, is read (traditionally in Nynorsk ), customarily by the youngest member of the government present. The members and monarch rise and the monarch is presented with the report by the prime minister and the monarch returns the speech and report to the president. The president gives some remarks and closes with "May God preserve our King and country", joined by other members of

4002-422: The Ridderzaal. They sit opposite and to the left and right of the throne . The ministers and state secretaries sit to the left of the throne. Behind them sit members of the Council of State , the government’s highest advisory body. They all sit in the enceinte , an area enclosed by unobtrusive wooden barriers symbolising that the head of state is in conference with Parliament. Outside the enceinte are seats for

4089-411: The Speaker. It has varied in length over the years. Macmillan remarked that he "would try not to prolong the agony", and once opined of the speech that he did not think it "necessary to start with the usual long review of the events of the last financial year". The longest continuous budget speech was delivered by William Ewart Gladstone on 18 April 1853 and lasted 4 hours and 45 minutes. The shortest

4176-439: The State address . Similarly, the president of the Philippines gives the State of the Nation Address . Often such are on or near the first day of the legislature's new session. However, in theory, rather than just outline the priorities for the coming year, the head of state is supposed to provide a report to the legislature on what the country's condition is, hence the term State of the Nation . Budget Day Budget Day

4263-416: The States General that is held every year on the third Tuesday in September or on such earlier date as may be prescribed by Act of Parliament." The monarch travels from Noordeinde Palace by coach to the Ridderzaal (Hall of Knights) in the Binnenhof of The Hague to read the speech before a joint session of the States General . Following the speech, the president of the joint session calls out 'Long live

4350-445: The Storting and the first verse of the national anthem is then sung. After the monarch and his retinue have left, the meeting is adjourned and the speech and report are first debated at the subsequent sitting. In Spain, speeches from the throne used to be practiced before the declaration of the Second Spanish Republic in 1931. With the restoration of the Spanish monarchy in 1975, the monarch still opens parliament but no longer gives

4437-410: The UK is still aligned with the Julian Calendar . Budget Day formerly occurred on a Wednesday in March, before the start of the new fiscal year, although in the early 20th century it was delivered in April, after the start of the fiscal year. However, former chancellor Philip Hammond announced in the 2016 Autumn Statement that the budget would, from 2018, be moved to October as an 'autumn budget', and

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4524-439: The United Kingdom, the speech is typically read by the reigning sovereign at the State Opening of Parliament . Traditions surrounding the opening and the speech go back to the 16th century; the present ceremony dates from 1852, when the Palace of Westminster was rebuilt after the 1834 fire. The ceremony now usually occurs annually, usually in November or December, or soon after a general election. The monarch may, however, appoint

4611-413: The annual Budget preparations. The monarch is the first person to be told of the Budget. Queen Elizabeth II customarily invited the Chancellor to dinner the day before Budget Day, where she was given an outline of the Budget. The Budget is presented to the Cabinet before being presented to Parliament. Formally, the Cabinet has power to amend the Budget. In practice, however, this is made impossible by

4698-418: The budget for 1988–89, S B Chavan for 1989–90, while Madhu Dandawate presented the Union budget for 1990–91. Manmohan Singh became the Finance Minister but presented the interim budget for 1991–92 as elections were forced. Due to political developments, early elections were held in May 1991 following which the Indian National Congress returned to political power and Singh, the Finance Minister, presented

4785-404: The budget for 1991–92. Manmohan Singh, in his next annual budgets from 1992 to 1993, opened the economy, encouraged foreign investments and reduced peak import duty from 300 plus percent to 50 percent. After elections in 1996, a non-Congress ministry assumed office. Hence the final budget for 1996–97 was presented by P. Chidambaram , who then belonged to Tamil Maanila Congress . Following

4872-400: The budget of every ministry is discussed in parliamentary committees. It is the most important moment for parliamentary policy making, as MPs can amend the budget to finance specific plans. In the 18th century, Prinsjesdag was one of the country's most popular public holidays and was originally used to celebrate the birthday of Prince William V on 8 March. Between 1780 and 1797 — known as

4959-437: The chief justice of the Common Pleas ; in 1344, 1368, 1377 (speaking for a presiding Edward III ), 1399, and 1422, by the archbishop of Canterbury ; and in 1343, 1363, and, usually after 1368, by the lord chancellor who was then the prolocutor , or chairman of the House of Lords. It was given on his behalf by the bishop of Winchester in 1410; in 1453 and 1467, the bishop of Lincoln ; the bishop of Rochester in 1472; and

5046-421: The course of the Finance Bill debates". In practice, practical concerns dictate otherwise. Nigel Lawson reports, "[as] soon as MPs realise that the tax announcements are over they dash out of the Chamber to get their copies of the Financial Statement and Budget Report – the 'Red Book'". Similarly, there is a rush by the news services to report Budget items. Young observed in the 1960s that newspapers were "on

5133-401: The fact that the Budget Cabinet meets on the very morning of Budget Day itself, far too late for any but very minor changes to be effected. The Budget is presented to the Cabinet largely as a fait accompli by the Chancellor, the various junior Treasury ministers, and the Prime Minister (in the role of the First Lord of the Treasury ). This swiftness is justified on the grounds of secrecy. It

5220-452: The first Monday in November in the first half of the 19th century, and then the third Monday in October, but when a constitutional revision introduced annual budgets in 1848, more time was needed to debate the budget, so the date was brought forward a month. Monday was considered inappropriate, because many parliamentarians in distant parts of the country needed to leave their homes on Sunday to make it to The Hague in time, so in 1887 Prinsjesdag

5307-418: The government's proposed policies, and spread over several days. When the Address in Reply is eventually voted on, the poll is held to constitute a motion of confidence in the government, which, if lost, would result in the end of that government's mandate. In some legislatures, this discussion and vote is preceded by a symbolic raising of other matters, designed to highlight the independence of parliament from

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5394-400: The head of state or their representative reads the speech from the throne, but it is prepared by the ministers in cabinet . Of contemporary European monarchies today, this traditional event is held in the United Kingdom, where it is also known as the King's Speech (or Queen's Speech if the reigning monarch is female); the Netherlands , on Prince's Day ; and Norway . In other countries

5481-410: The interim and final budgets for 1998–99. After general elections in 1999, Sinha again became the finance minister and presented four annual budgets from 1999–2000 to 2002–2003. Due to elections in May 2004, an interim budget was presented by Jaswant Singh . Until the year 2000, the Union Budget was announced at 5 pm on the last working day of the month of February. This practice was inherited from

5568-613: The last 25 years, this tradition has fallen away, with Gordon Brown and subsequent chancellors opting for water. The speech is followed by a debate, which can last for several days. In theory, the report and the financial proposals that the Chancellor sets out in the speech are immediately considered and debated by the House, with the Chancellor in attendance to respond to arguments and, occasionally, to amend proposals. Young reports one Member of Parliament observing that Chancellors customarily "keep up their sleeves one or two million pounds which they propose to give away in concessions during

5655-449: The legislature is not obligated to follow whatever agenda (if any) may be contained in such a speech. In the United Kingdom, the speech is known as His Majesty's Most Gracious Speech , the Gracious Address , or, less formally, the King's Speech (or Queen's Speech , when the reigning monarch is female). In Canada, it is known as the Speech from the Throne (often shortened to Throne Speech ) (in French: Discours du Trône ). Since 1973,

5742-405: The major Opposition parties. All broadcasts were arranged through the normal parliamentary processes for arranging party election broadcasts . This tradition was discontinued, starting with the 2012 budget, as part of wider changes to the scheduling of party political broadcasts. The BBC defended its decision, saying that they originated from a time where filming the Budget Statement from inside

5829-405: The monarch may or may not attend the opening of the country's legislature; they may also give a speech, but these speeches, in contrast, do not outline any government agenda. Many republics have adopted a similar practice in which the head of state , often a president , addresses the legislature; in the United States, the president makes an annual State of the Union address, in the Philippines

5916-407: The new parliamentary year. The King's or the Queen's Speech is not written by the King, but by the Prime Minister and the cabinet. When the Speech is finished, the speaker of the Senate proclaims " Leve de koning! " ("Long live the King!") or " Leve de koningin! " ("Long live the Queen!") which is answered by everyone present with " Hoera! Hoera! Hoera! " This brings an end to the joint session of

6003-413: The night of the budget, with changes to excise duties on alcohol, tobacco, and petrol taking place from midnight. Most other measures are spelt out in greater detail in the Finance Bill which is introduced in the Oireachtas following the budget, eventually becoming the Finance Act . In the Netherlands, the presentation of the budget is made on the same day as when the monarch gives the speech from

6090-407: The only finance minister to present the Union budget on his birthday. Vyas presented budgets that included five annual budgets, an interim budget during his first stint and one interim budget and three final budgets in his second tenure when he was both the Finance Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India . After Desai's resignation, Indira Gandhi , the then Prime Minister of India , took over

6177-447: The other High Councils of State , senior civil servants, high-ranking officers of the armed forces, senior members of the judiciary, the King’s or the Queen's Commissioner of the province of South Holland , the mayor of The Hague and specially invited guests. At the stroke of one, the King or the Queen, normally accompanied by other members of the Royal House, leaves Noordeinde Palace in the Golden Coach ( Glass Coach sometimes) for

6264-499: The parliamentary tradition of the sovereign being barred from the lower chamber, in those realms possessing a bicameral parliament , the ceremony takes place in the legislature's upper chamber , with members of both houses in attendance. In unicameral parliaments, the speech is read in the one legislative chamber. Unusually, in the Irish Free State, the speech was delivered in the lower house of its bicameral parliament. In

6351-524: The plans of the executive. It is considered improper for the audience, including members of parliament, to show support or disapproval for any content of the speech while it is being read: that is reserved to the debate and vote that follows in legislative chambers or chamber. In 1998 in the UK, when the Queen read out the proposed House of Lords Act 1999 , Labour Party MPs briefly interrupted it by vocalising support while Conservative peers responded with "shame!". Protest, though, has been expressed during

6438-499: The president makes an annual State of the Nation Address . In parliamentary republics where the president is merely a ceremonial figurehead, these speeches are often similar in tone to the throne speech of a constitutional monarchy, whereas in presidential systems such as the U.S. the speeches are somewhat different in that the president exercises personal discretion over the content but the principle of separation of powers means

6525-477: The press photo-call at 15:15, where like all chancellors he would hold the red dispatch box , purportedly containing the budget speech, aloft; he used to spend time in his room, just behind the Speaker 's chair, collecting his thoughts, before entering the house at 15:25, usually to the sound of "a roar from the Government benches". The debate is customarily presided over by the Chairman of Ways and Means instead of

6612-418: The reasons it was summoned and sometimes set out the sovereign's policies and objectives. The monarch would sometimes speak to parliament in person; Edward III (in 1365), Richard II , and Edward IV did so to both houses of parliament on multiple separate occasions. However, various other figures gave the oration on the sovereign's behalf: between 1347 and 1363, it was read by the chief justice; in 1401 by

6699-418: The speech from the throne will usually be read on the monarch's behalf by his or her viceroy , the governor-general , although the monarch may deliver the address in person: Queen Elizabeth II read the Throne Speech in the Parliament of New Zealand in 1954, 1963, 1970, 1974, 1977, 1986, and 1990, the Parliament of Australia in 1954 and 1974, and the Parliament of Canada in 1957 and 1977. Another member of

6786-552: The start of the fiscal year. In Ireland , Budget Day is the annual statement to the Dáil by the Minister for Finance , made in the first week of December. It sets out the budgetary targets for the following year and consists of (i) a Financial Statement to the Dáil, (ii) Budgetary Measures (a list of budgetary changes detailing the cost/yield of same), (iii) Budget Statistics and Tables and (iv) various financial resolutions. The day itself

6873-485: The statement moved to March, but as a less important convention. The last time the budget was held in the autumn to this timing came from 1993 to 1996, when Budget Day was also shifted from spring to autumn. Chancellors have had varying opinions on Budget Day. Nigel Lawson wrote, in his memoirs, that it is "best described as an enjoyable ordeal". Harold Macmillan , in explaining his surprise at being appointed Chancellor, said that he thought Budget Day to be "rather like

6960-431: The street, within minutes it seemed, bringing the glad tidings: TUPPENCE OFF BEER. INCOME TAX DOWN.". Since Parliament has been televised, TV news services have broadcast the Chancellor's speech live, as a "Budget special". Between 1952 and 2011, the Chancellor would, in the evening of Budget Day, make a television party political broadcast about the budget. Similar broadcasts were made, in response, by representatives of

7047-682: The then Finance Minister of India in the NDA government (led by BJP) of Atal Bihari Vajpayee , who changed the ritual by announcing the 2001 Union Budget at 11 am. Until the year 2016, the Union Budget was presented in the Lok Sabha on the last working day of February. It was Mr. Arun Jaitley , the Minister of Finance in the BJP led NDA Government under the Prime Ministership of Mr. Narendra Modi , who changed

7134-542: The throne ; this is held on the third Tuesday of September, which is called Prinsjesdag (Little Princes' Day). After the monarch gives the speech from the throne, announcing the government's agenda for the coming year, the National Budget and the Budget Memorandum are presented later that day to the House of Representatives and are brought in a ceremonial briefcase by the minister of finance. This briefcase tradition

7221-480: The two houses. The ushers escort the King and members of the Royal House to the door. The president then closes the session. When the King or the Queen leaves the Ridderzaal, the escort of honour again forms in the Binnenhof, and the procession returns to Noordeinde Palace where he traditionally salutes the gathered crowd from the balcony. After lunch, the Minister of Finance proposes the next year's national budget and

7308-613: Was given by Benjamin Disraeli in 1867 and lasted 45 minutes. It is also a parliamentary tradition that whilst making the Budget Speech the Chancellor may drink whatever they wish, including alcohol which is otherwise forbidden. Past chancellors have opted for whisky ( Kenneth Clarke ), gin and tonic ( Geoffrey Howe ), brandy and water (Benjamin Disraeli), spritzer ( Nigel Lawson ) and sherry and beaten egg (William Ewart Gladstone). In

7395-591: Was introduced in 1947 by Piet Lieftinck in imitation of the British tradition. Budgetpromenaden , or the budget walk, is a traditional biannual procession when the Swedish finance minister walk with a copy of the budget bill from the Ministry of Finance to the Riksdag (the parliament), a distance of 400 metres (440 yd). In Hong Kong the Financial Secretary introduces the appropriations bill for first reading

7482-472: Was moved to Tuesday. Throughout the years 1815 to 1904, the speech from the throne was given in the assembly room of the House of Representatives, but it was moved back to the Hall of Knights after an extensive restoration of the building at the start of the 20th century. The pomp and circumstance is still very much part of the day. Speech from the Throne A speech from the throne , or throne speech ,

7569-428: Was not crowned, and thus did not wear the crown when opening the Riksdag. Instead, the crown and sceptre would be placed on cushions beside the throne and the robe would be draped on the throne. After the abolition of the opening ceremony at the palace, last held in 1974 and only once during the reign of Carl XVI Gustaf , the opening is now held at the Riksdag chamber in the presence of the monarch and his family. It

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