Primat (died c. 1277) was a French Benedictine monk and historian of the abbey of Saint-Denis near Paris. He composed two histories of France with a royal focus, one in Latin and the other in Old French . His Latin chronicle covers the years 1248 to 1277 but now survives only in an Old French translation and in excerpts incorporated into the works of others. It contains a detailed account of the reign of Louis IX , making it one of the most important contemporary sources for that reign. His French chronicle, the Roman des rois , covers the entire history of France down to 1223. It was completed around 1274 for Philip III and its presentation copy is extant. It is the earliest version of what would become the Grandes Chroniques de France , the first official history of France.
22-428: Primat may refer to: Primat of Saint-Denis (d. c. 1277), French monk and historian a standard size of wine bottle See also [ edit ] Primate (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Primat . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
44-530: A charter of Saint-Denis in 1270. A wife of Primat, almost certainly the translator, was receiving an annual pension worth 50 sous from the abbey between 1284 and 1297. This notice suggests that Primat had separated from his wife to become a monk. That his Latin chronicle appears to have ended abruptly in 1277 in the middle of the reign of Philip III suggests that Primat died at that time or shortly after. Primat's Latin history survives only in part in an Old French translation by Jean de Vignay . The original Latin
66-607: A manuscript in a private Swiss collection. The first two were made between 1285 and 1314, while the Swiss copy was made in the 1320s or 1330s. The Roman des rois was organized around genealogy with an eye to demonstrating political continuity in France. It covers the Merovingian , Carolingian and Capetian dynasties down to the end of the reign of Philip Augustus (1223). It therefore did not overlap with his Latin chronicle. Its reliability
88-564: Is an American historian of medieval France, and the former Krieger-Eisenhower Professor of History at Johns Hopkins University where she served as chair for the history department for six years, and acting and interim dean of faculty. She also served as dean of humanities at the University of California, Los Angeles in 2004–2005, and, from 2008 to 2009, she was the president of the American Historical Association . In 2011, she
110-607: Is highly dependent on Primat's sources. The Roman becomes simpler from the early 11th century, when the complex account of Aimoin comes to an end. Thereafter it tends to rely on a single source for its narrative at any time. From the reign of Louis VI on, it relies on contemporary histories. Primat's Latin chronicle became a source for the first continuation of the Grandes Chroniques de France , much of its text appearing verbatim (in translation) there. Gabrielle Spiegel Gabrielle Michele Spiegel (born January 20, 1943)
132-529: Is lost. Jean's translation was made for Queen Joan the Lame around 1335. It survives in a single manuscript, now in London, British Library , Bibl. Reg. 19 D.i. It appears that Primat's chronicle only covered the years 1248–1277 and was a continuation of the chronicle of Gilon of Reims . It was thus part of a series of royal histories produced at Saint-Denis. Jean translated Primat as an addendum to his translation of
154-625: The Speculum historiale of Vincent of Beauvais running from 1250 until 1277, but it does not actually appear alongside the Speculum in any manuscript. The anonymous Chronicle of Baldwin of Avesnes also uses Primat as a source in this way. Guillaume de Nangis , in his Vita Ludovici IX , borrows directly from Primat without citing him, apparently because he considered his work just an extension of Gilon's. Although Jean de Vignay states that Primat's chronicle ran down to 1285, it appears from comparison with Baldwin of Avesnes and Guillaume de Nangis that
176-793: The University of Maryland , where she stayed until 1992 (having been made an associate professor in 1979 and a full professor in 1992). During her time at the University of Maryland, she held fellowships with the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and the Rockefeller Residency Program in Atlantic History at Johns Hopkins. Spiegel
198-481: The Vita Sigeberti III ; Aimon of Fleury 's De gestis regum Francorum with its continuation; Einhard 's Vita Karoli Magni and Annales ; the chronicle of Pseudo-Turpin ; Hugh of Fleury 's Historia regum Francorum with its continuation; William of Jumièges 's Gesta Normannorum ducum with its continuation; Suger 's lives of Louis VI and Louis VII ; Rigord 's life of Philip Augustus; and William
220-462: The 20th-century discovery that he authored a Latin chronicle spurred a reassessment of his role in creating the Grandes Chroniques . Together the influence of these works make him one of the most important authors in 13th-century France. Of the life of Primat, almost nothing is known. Given the rarity of his name, the translator is almost certainly the same person as the Robert Primat who witnessed
242-705: The American Historical Association and in university administration at Johns Hopkins. Before her election as president to the AHA in 2007, she had served as vice-president (research division) from 2000 to 2003. While chair of the history department at JHU, she also served as dean of faculty from 2005 to 2007 and returned to those duties once again as interim dean in 2010. She has supervised the completion of seventeen PhDs by her graduate students at JHU and taught both graduate- and undergraduate-level courses on medieval history and historiography. Spiegel's work focuses on
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#1732851378144264-713: The Breton 's Gesta Philippi Augusti . The original presentation copy of the Roman des rois is generally thought to be Paris, Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève , MS 782, which is illustrated with thirty-four miniatures . This manuscript was certainly owned by Charles V , who had a continuation added to it. Primat's text thus came to be the earliest version of the Grandes Chroniques de France . Only three copies of his Roman survive without continuations: London, British Library, Add. MS 38128; Brussels, Bibliothèque royale , MS 4; and
286-623: The Linguistic Turn (2005), as well as some sixty articles on medieval historiography and contemporary theories of historical writing. Many of her articles and books have been translated into other languages such as Japanese, French, German, Italian, Hungarian, Spanish and Chinese. Her best known theoretical work is "History, Historicism and the Social Logic of the Text in the Middle Ages," published in
308-508: The academic journal, Speculum , in 1990. In this article, Spiegel addresses the challenges that the linguistic turn poses to the historical profession and offers the "social logic of the text" as an interpretive lens that locates written sources within the social, political and economic currents that shaped the discourse of the moment while simultaneously foregrounding the active nature of the author’s work as he seeks to reconstitute and reshape reality as he writes. Her 1993 monograph, Romancing
330-414: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Primat&oldid=985792844 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Primat of Saint-Denis Long regarded as a mere scribe or translator,
352-425: The original chronicle ended with the disgrace of Pierre de la Broce in 1278. Primat's Old French chronicle, Roman des rois ("Romance of Kings"), was presented to Philip III in about 1274. It was probably commissioned by the king's father, Louis IX. Primat's abbot, Matthew of Vendôme , also had a large role in its production and is a more imposing figure than the king in the original presentation miniature . It
374-471: The reign of Louis IX, appeared in the year of the monarch's death (1270); that Primat's death prevented him from completing a history of the reign of Philip III; that a second redaction of his chronicle down to 1277 was put together after his death but before 1280; and that a third and final redaction down to the end of Philip's reign in 1285 was only completed after 1307 by borrowing material from Guillaume de Nangis's Chronicon . Auguste Molinier suggests that
396-627: The theory and practice of historiography , both in the Middle Ages and in the modern era. Her publications on these topics include The Chronicle Tradition of Saint‐Denis: A Survey (1978), Romancing the Past: The Rise of Vernacular Prose Historiography in Thirteenth-Century France (1993), The Past as Text: The Theory and Practice of Medieval Historiography (1997), and Practicing History: New Directions in Historical Writing after
418-417: The work of Primat ended in 1277 and what Jean had in front of him was a copy of Primat with a short continuation down to 1285. It was once commonly thought that the first part of Primat's chronicle, covering the first half of the reign of Louis IX, was lost, but it is as likely that his chronicle began where that of Gilon ended. Gabrielle Spiegel proposes that a first redaction of Primat's work, limited to
440-488: Was a full professor at Johns Hopkins from 1993 to 2023, where she served as chair of the history department from 1999 to 2002 and from 2005 to 2008. During her time at JHU, she twice served as directeur d'Etudes associé at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales . In 2011, she was named a Gilman scholar. Spiegel's commitment to the historical profession and post-secondary teaching is well evidenced by her years of service on
462-607: Was created by translating and adapting excerpts from various Latin histories in the archives of Saint-Denis. The main source was a compendium of Latin histories from Saint-Denis copied about 1250 and now in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France , lat. 5925. This contained the Liber historiae Francorum ; the Gesta Dagoberti ; two works by Sigebert of Gembloux , the Chronographia and
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#1732851378144484-478: Was elected as a fellow to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . Spiegel received a Bachelor of Arts from Bryn Mawr College in 1964. The next year, she completed a Master of Arts in teaching at Harvard University . She received her PhD in 1974 from Johns Hopkins University . Spiegel began her lecturing at her alma mater , Bryn Mawr, from 1972 to 1973. In 1974, she taught as an assistant professor at
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