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21-835: In a general sense, presiding officer is synonymous with chairperson . Politics [ edit ] Llywydd of the Senedd , Presiding Officer of the Welsh Parliament Presiding Officer of the Northern Ireland Assembly Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament , the speaker of the Scottish Parliament Presiding Officer of the United States Senate ,

42-500: A long arm is not the same as an extended arm ). Synonyms are also a source of euphemisms . Metonymy can sometimes be a form of synonymy: the White House is used as a synonym of the administration in referring to the U.S. executive branch under a specific president. Thus, a metonym is a type of synonym, and the word metonym is a hyponym of the word synonym . The analysis of synonymy, polysemy , hyponymy, and hypernymy

63-567: A form of onoma ( ὄνομα 'name'). Synonyms are often from the different strata making up a language. For example, in English, Norman French superstratum words and Old English substratum words continue to coexist. Thus, today there exist synonyms like the Norman-derived people , liberty and archer , and the Saxon-derived folk , freedom and bowman . For more examples, see

84-446: A mixture of different meanings. These could include the contrast of a word or phrase with its primary, literal meaning (known as a denotation ), with what that word or phrase specifically denotes. The connotation essentially relates to how anything may be associated with a word or phrase; for example, an implied value, judgement or feelings. In logic and semantics , connotation is roughly synonymous with intension . Connotation

105-612: Is coinages , which may be motivated by linguistic purism . Thus, the English word foreword was coined to replace the Romance preface . In Turkish, okul was coined to replace the Arabic-derived mektep and mederese , but those words continue to be used in some contexts. Synonyms often express a nuance of meaning or are used in different registers of speech or writing. Various technical domains may employ synonyms to convey precise technical nuances. Some writers avoid repeating

126-421: Is inherent to taxonomy and ontology in the information science senses of those terms. It has applications in pedagogy and machine learning , because they rely on word-sense disambiguation . The word is borrowed from Latin synōnymum , in turn borrowed from Ancient Greek synōnymon ( συνώνυμον ), composed of sýn ( σύν 'together, similar, alike') and - ōnym - ( -ωνυμ- ),

147-530: Is its denotation . A connotation is frequently described as either positive or negative, with regard to its pleasing or displeasing emotional connection. For example, a stubborn person may be described as being either strong-willed or pig-headed ; although these have the same literal meaning ( stubborn ), strong-willed connotes admiration for the level of someone's will (a positive connotation), while pig-headed connotes frustration in dealing with someone (a negative connotation). "Connotation" branches into

168-402: Is often contrasted with denotation , which is more or less synonymous with extension . Alternatively, the connotation of the word may be thought of as the set of all its possible referents (as opposed to merely the actual ones). A word's denotation is the collection of things it refers to; its connotation is what it implies about the things it is used to refer to (a second level of meanings

189-418: Is one of the main reasons for using euphemisms . Semiotic closure, as defined by Terry Eagleton , concerns "a sealed world of ideological stability, which repels the disruptive, decentered forces of language in the name of an imaginary unity. Signs are ranked by a certain covert violence into rigidly hierarchical order. . . . The process of forging ‘representations’ always involves this arbitrary closing of

210-450: Is termed connotative). The connotation of dog is (something like) four-legged canine carnivore. So, saying, "You are a dog" would connote that you were ugly or aggressive rather than literally denoting you as a canine. It is often useful to avoid words with strong connotations (especially pejorative or disparaging ones) when striving to achieve a neutral point of view . A desire for more positive connotations, or fewer negative ones,

231-404: The context long time or extended time are synonymous, but long cannot be used in the phrase extended family . Synonyms with exactly the same meaning share a seme or denotational sememe , whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and thus overlap within a semantic field . The former are sometimes called cognitive synonyms and

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252-720: The list of Germanic and Latinate equivalents in English . Loanwords are another rich source of synonyms, often from the language of the dominant culture of a region. Thus, most European languages have borrowed from Latin and ancient Greek, especially for technical terms, but the native terms continue to be used in non-technical contexts. In East Asia , borrowings from Chinese in Japanese , Korean , and Vietnamese often double native terms. In Islamic cultures, Arabic and Persian are large sources of synonymous borrowings. For example, in Turkish , kara and siyah both mean 'black',

273-500: The Germanic term only as a noun, but has Latin and Greek adjectives: hand , manual (L), chiral (Gk); heat , thermal (L), caloric (Gk). Sometimes the Germanic term has become rare, or restricted to special meanings: tide , time / temporal , chronic . Many bound morphemes in English are borrowed from Latin and Greek and are synonyms for native words or morphemes: fish , pisci- (L), ichthy- (Gk). Another source of synonyms

294-529: The Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba Presiding Officer (Guantanamo Military Commissions) , the U.S. officer acting in a judge-like role for Guantanamo Military Commissions See also [ edit ] Moderator (disambiguation) Presiding bishop Speaker (politics) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

315-626: The former being a native Turkish word, and the latter being a borrowing from Persian. In Ottoman Turkish , there were often three synonyms: water can be su (Turkish), âb (Persian), or mâ (Arabic): "such a triad of synonyms exists in Ottoman for every meaning, without exception". As always with synonyms, there are nuances and shades of meaning or usage. In English, similarly, there often exist Latin (L) and Greek (Gk) terms synonymous with Germanic ones: thought , notion (L), idea (Gk); ring , circle (L), cycle (Gk). English often uses

336-502: The latter, near-synonyms, plesionyms or poecilonyms. Some lexicographers claim that no synonyms have exactly the same meaning (in all contexts or social levels of language) because etymology , orthography , phonic qualities, connotations , ambiguous meanings, usage , and so on make them unique. Different words that are similar in meaning usually differ for a reason: feline is more formal than cat ; long and extended are only synonyms in one usage and not in others (for example,

357-694: The person who presides over the United States Senate Returning officer , a person responsible for overseeing elections in one or more constituencies List of current presidents of assembly Military [ edit ] Presiding Officer (ARB) , is the officer in charge of one of the Administrative Review Boards run by the United States Office for the Administrative Review of Detained Enemy Combatants, at

378-489: The same as he died , yet my passport has expired cannot be replaced by my passport has died . A thesaurus or synonym dictionary lists similar or related words; these are often, but not always, synonyms. [REDACTED] The dictionary definition of synonym at Wiktionary Connotation A connotation is a commonly understood cultural or emotional association that any given word or phrase carries, in addition to its explicit or literal meaning , which

399-422: The same word in close proximity, and prefer to use synonyms: this is called elegant variation . Many modern style guides criticize this. Synonyms can be any part of speech , as long as both words belong to the same part of speech. Examples: Synonyms are defined with respect to certain senses of words: pupil as the aperture in the iris of the eye is not synonymous with student . Similarly, he expired means

420-425: The signifying chain, constricting the free play of the signifier to a spuriously determinate meaning which can then be received by the subject as natural and inevitable". The denotation is a representation of a cartoon heart. The connotation is a symbol of love and affection. The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem . The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love – this

441-560: The title Presiding Officer . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Presiding_Officer&oldid=1156248363 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Synonym Words may often be synonymous in only one particular sense : for example, long and extended in

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