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62-750: Presbyterian College ( PC ) is a private liberal arts college in Clinton, South Carolina , United States. It was founded in 1880 and is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church (USA) . Presbyterian College was founded in 1880 by William Plumer Jacobs. He had served as the pastor of First Presbyterian Church in Clinton since 1864 and founded the Thornwell Orphanage . Originally called Clinton College, its first class (including three women) graduated in 1883. In establishing PC, his "tree of knowledge," Jacobs' goal

124-571: A 60% increase since the establishment of HEC in 2002. The HEC digital library now provides access to over 20,000 leading research journals, covering about 75% of the world's peer-reviewed scientific journals. Until 1991, there were only two recognized private universities in Pakistan: Aga Khan University , established in 1983, and Lahore University of Management Sciences , established in 1985. By 1997, there were 10 private universities. From 2001–2002, this number had doubled to 20. Among

186-598: A Generation Rx Champion Award from the South Carolina Pharmacy Association (SCPhA) for its efforts at raising awareness of prescription drug abuse. The 2014 edition of U.S. News & World Report regards Presbyterian College as a "selective" institution that accepted 57.8% of applicants in the fall of 2012. Of PC's 1,172 undergraduates, 44% are male and 56% are female, and 97% live on campus. Students at PC have many options for extracurricular activities. In addition to intramural athletics, Greek life

248-621: A distinction between free institutions (as in free from the State), which are recognized and funded by the Communities of Belgium (the State until 1990) and follow the same rules and laws as fully public universities, and fully private institutions, which are not recognized nor funded by the authorities, and thus do not issue valid degrees. Private ( free ) institutions are predominantly Catholic: UCLouvain , KU Leuven or Saint-Louis University, Brussels . On

310-812: A four-star general and commander of the US First Army in Europe. Sectarian and other restrictions that were in place during the early years have since been modified or removed entirely: Pi Kappa Alpha remained a southern fraternity until the New Orleans Convention in 1909 when the fraternity officially declared itself a national organization. Like many other social fraternities at the time, Pi Kappa Alpha had limited its membership to white males. All race restrictions were removed in 1964. The fraternity's rituals were based on those of Independent Order of Odd Fellows . Its colors are garnet and old gold. Its symbols are

372-761: A private institution to be called " université ", and most of the universities in France are public. In France, grandes écoles are part of an alternative educational system that operates alongside the mainstream French public university system . Grandes écoles can be public , semi-private or private, but the most prestigious ones are public. These institutions operate mostly in engineering studies and business administration. The best-known semi-private grandes écoles are generally business, engineering, and humanities schools; they are generally managed by chambers of commerce and industry, with capital open to other private companies. Other grandes écoles are entirely private, but this

434-457: A requirement for all foreign institutions endeavoring to operate businesses in the country. Almost all the private universities in Ghana focus on similar areas of academic study, including business administration, human resources, accounting, information technology, and related fields, which are offered by universities like Ashesi , Regent , Valley View , and Ghana Telecom , among others. In addition,

496-595: A short period before this duty was taken over by an administrative office. John Shaw Foster, a junior founder from Theta chapter , helped to reestablish Alpha chapter at the University of Virginia. Theta chapter is the longest continual-running chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha, having been founded in 1878. The four delegates to the Hampden–Sydney Convention are referred to as the Junior Founders. Pi Kappa Alpha

558-493: A student-run honor code. The signing of the honor code is a central fixture of each academic year's opening convocation ceremony and is a requirement for all incoming students, faculty, and coaches. The honor code binds one to "abstain from all deceit," to "neither give nor receive unacknowledged aid in [one's] academic work," to "respect the persons and property of the community" and to "not condone discourteous or dishonest treatment of these by [one's] peers." Suspected violations of

620-1055: Is accredited by the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). The School of the Liberal Arts confers B.A. and B.S. degrees in 30 courses of study and 9 pre-professional programs including Pre-Law, Pre-Med, Pre-Theology, and Pre-Pharmacy. PC also offers a dual-degree program in Engineering (with Clemson University , Auburn University , Georgia Tech , the University of South Carolina , and Vanderbilt University ) and minor fields in an additional 13 disciplines such as Africana Studies, Media Studies, and Women's and Gender Studies. The liberal arts program has small average class sizes (13-15 students). Beginning in 1991, six Presbyterian College faculty members have been declared Carnegie/CASE South Carolina Professor of

682-954: Is an important part of campus life and culture, as around 45% of the student body is affiliated with one of eight fraternities and sororities. For men, there are seven North American Interfraternity Conference (NIC) organizations (chapter designation in Greek letters ): Alpha Sigma Phi (ΑΨ), Kappa Alpha Order (ΒΠ), Pi Kappa Alpha (Μ), Pi Kappa Phi (Β), since removed from campus and had their charter revoked. Sigma Nu (ΖΘ), Omega Psi Phi (ΑΔΩ), and Theta Chi (ΒΨ). For women, there are three National Panhellenic Conference (NPC) organizations: Alpha Delta Pi (ΗΞ), Sigma Sigma Sigma (ΕΠ), and Zeta Tau Alpha (ΚΒ). Aside from Greek life, PC offers its students many other social clubs and advocacy organizations like Secular Student Alliance , College Republicans , College Democrats , and Multicultural Student Union. There are also many religious ministries, including

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744-1056: Is due to the form of testing in schools in Taiwan, in which students take a national entrance exam to determine their university qualifications. The most well known private university is Fu Jen Catholic University , and the oldest is Tunghai University . Since the 1990s, several private universities have opened in Vietnam including Ho Chi Minh City Open University being one of the first. Some characteristics of Vietnamese private universities as of 2010 are high (very high in some cases) tuition fees, poor infrastructure, limited faculty, and human resources. Private universities are often named after scholars ( Fulbright University Vietnam, Vo Truong Toan University, Nguyen Trai University, Luong The Vinh University, Chu Van An University, Yersin University, Phan Chau Trinh University), or heroes/legends ( Hung Vuong University, Quang Trung University); although there are exceptions such as FPT University , named after

806-528: Is home to several private universities, including Sohar University , the University of Nizwa , Middle East College , and the German University of Technology in Oman . These universities offer a range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs in fields such as business, engineering, and information technology. Private universities in Oman offer a more personalized and interactive learning experience, as

868-697: Is one private university in Madaba city, the American University of Madaba (AUM) . There are 11 private universities and colleges in Kuwait . There are 19 private universities in Lebanon. Among these, the American University of Beirut and the Lebanese American University are internationally acknowledged. The languages used for teaching in private universities are mainly French and English ; Arabic

930-480: Is rarer, and they sometimes establish partnerships with public universities. Pi Kappa Alpha Pi Kappa Alpha ( ΠΚΑ ), commonly known as Pike is a college fraternity founded at the University of Virginia in 1868. The fraternity has over 225 chapters and provisional chapters across the United States and abroad with over 15,500 undergraduate members and over 300,000 lifetime initiates. Pi Kappa Alpha

992-504: Is responsible for the accreditation of these institutes and degrees. These mostly provide undergraduate degrees with a few providing postgraduate degrees. The Informatics Institute of Sri Lanka (IIT), NSBM Green University (NSBM), Horizon Campus and Sri Lanka Institute for Information Technology (SLIIT) are examples. Some foreign universities franchise parts of their degree courses in Sri Lanka with local institutes. Students are charged for

1054-718: Is the name used for all of the fraternity's leadership programs. The program is administered by the fraternity's professional staff. It was founded in 1948 as a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization for charitable, literary & educational purposes. Events held by the university include the International Convention, the Academy, the Chapter Executives Conference, and several regional Leadership Summits. Pike University grants more than $ 100,000 in scholarships each year. In 1948, Pi Kappa Alpha established and chartered

1116-702: Is widely used in religious universities and Armenian is used in the Armenian university. The first university opened in Lebanon was the Syrian Protestant College in 1866 (which became the American University of Beirut in 1921). It was founded by Daniel Bliss, a Protestant missionary. The second university opened in Lebanon was the Université Saint-Joseph , founded by the Jesuits in 1875. Oman

1178-527: The Alpha chapter at the University of Virginia was formed, the Beta chapter of Pi Kappa Alpha was founded at Davidson College . Its Gamma chapter was placed at William and Mary just two years later, and a total of seven chapters formed in the first decade. This period of early growth slowed though, and by 1889 only four chapters remained active. A call for a national convention was sent out, and delegates of three of

1240-672: The American University in Cairo , the German University in Cairo , The British University in Egypt , the Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport , Misr University for Science and Technology , Misr International University , Future University in Egypt and the Modern Sciences and Arts University . In addition to the state-funded national and private universities in Egypt , international university institutions were founded in

1302-547: The Atlantic Coast Conference has awarded the Jacobs Blocking Trophy in honor of the memory of PC's founder, William P. Jacobs, to the conference's most outstanding blocker, as voted by a poll of the conference's head coaches and defensive coordinators. The 2022 recipient is Clemson University graduate student-athlete Jordan McFadden. Until 2007, PC's fierce rivalry with Newberry College was expressed in

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1364-799: The FPT Corporation and Tan Tao University in Tan Tao Group . In Vietnam, there are also "semi-private university"; schools in this category which can receive partial financial support from the government. Almost all private universities have to invite professors and lecturers from state universities. Many lecturers from state-owned universities take up positions in private universities after their retirement. There are numerous private universities and independent faculties in Armenia , mostly in Yerevan . As of 2022, there are 31 private higher education institutions in

1426-653: The International University Vienna , whose accreditation was withdrawn in 2003 due to academic misconduct; Imadec University , whose first accreditation period ended in January 2006 and was not renewed; TCM Privatuniversität Li Shi Zhen in Vienna , whose accreditation period ended 2009 without renewal students; and PEF Private University of Management Vienna , which closed for economic reasons in March 2012. Belgium makes

1488-524: The New Administrative Capital and are hosting branches of Universities from abroad. The Knowledge Hub (TKH) and European Universities in Egypt (EUE) are among these institutions. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church doctrine embraces traditional higher institutions in Ethiopia . Modern higher education could be traced back to the regime of Emperor Haile Selassie , with the first university,

1550-523: The Private Universities Act, 1992 was instituted, consolidated, and re-enacted as the Private Universities Act, 2010 . All private universities must be approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) before they are given a permit to operate. As of April 2018, there were 97 private universities in Bangladesh . Private institutions must confer the students with external programs such as BDTVEC,

1612-696: The UGC (Establishment and Maintenance of Standards in Private Universities) Regulations, 2003 . Per the UGC act and these regulations, private universities are established by acts of state legislative assemblies and listed by the UGC in the Gazette upon receiving the relevant act. As confirmed by the ruling of the Supreme Court of India , recognition by the UGC is required for the university to operate. Also, per

1674-536: The "Pi Kappa Alpha Memorial Foundation" as a 501(c)(3) organization . The foundation grants $ 350,000 in scholarships and grants to undergraduate members each year. It also provides funding to the fraternity and its chapters for leadership programs, scholarships, and chapter house facilities. The foundation grants initiation fee scholarships to undergraduates inducted into Phi Beta Kappa , Omicron Delta Kappa , Order of Omega , Phi Kappa Phi , and Tau Beta Pi honoraries. The Pike Foundation also maintains and operates

1736-716: The 2003 regulations, the UGC sends committees to inspect the private universities and publishes their inspection report. The UGC publishes and regularly updates the lists of private universities. As of 23 August 2022 , the UGC lists 421 private universities. As of 2010 , Japan had 597 private universities, 86 national universities , and 95 public universities . Private universities thus account for over 75% of all universities in Japan. A large number of junior colleges in Japan are private and like public and national universities, many private universities use National Center Test for University Admissions as an entrance exam . There

1798-450: The 21st century. However, since then, Ghana has seen a flood of private universities and colleges established – a reflection of the country's stable governance and the pace of economic growth. Most of these universities are not known to be sponsored by foreign corporate organizations or government universities and the aim is to avoid the Ghanaian government's excessive payment of bonds, which is

1860-501: The Auston Institute of Management, Singapore. The Sri Lanka campus was established in 2010 and is a Board of Investment or (BOI) company. It retains a similar focus to the home campus and occupies a prime spot along Colombo's famous Galle Road. In Taiwan , private universities are typically not as prestigious as some public (national) universities. They are not ranked as high as public institutions and cost nearly twice as much. This

1922-853: The Bronze Derby game was played in November 2006 at Bailey Memorial Stadium in Clinton, where PC defeated Newberry 10–0. The Blue Hose lead the all-time Bronze Derby series, but since Presbyterian's transition to Division I in 2007 the annual clash has been postponed indefinitely. Private college Across the world, different countries have different regulations regarding accreditation for private universities and as such, private universities are more common in some countries than in others. Some countries do not have any private universities at all. Egypt currently has 21 public universities with about two million students and 23 private universities with 60,000 students. Egypt has many private universities including

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1984-599: The FCS conference Pioneer Football League since 2021. The college's colors are royal blue and garnet and its teams are known as the Blue Hose. Although PC's mascot Scottie the Scotsman is a medieval Scottish warrior, the Blue Hose name originally referred to the socks worn by the football team in the early 20th century. PC's traditional rivals include Wofford College , Furman University , The Citadel , and Newberry College . Since 1953,

2046-514: The Presbyterian Student Association, Fellowship of Christian Athletes , and Campus Outreach. Finally, Presbyterian actively promotes service organizations and opportunities. Many PC students participate in initiatives like Special Olympics , Relay for Life , tutoring local high school and middle school students, and CHAMPS, a mentoring service for local youth. Since 1915 all aspects of life at Presbyterian have been regulated by

2108-719: The President's House, Neville Hall, and the campus bell tower) are part of the Thornwell-Presbyterian College Historic District , a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places . However, Doyle Hall was demolished in July 2014 as part of the renovations for Georgia Hall. Athletics is very important to PC's life and culture. Around 1/3 of the student body competes as student-athletes and many PC alumni are or were professional coaches at

2170-644: The University College of Addis Ababa (now called the Addis Ababa University or AAU) formed in 1950. In 1954, the Haramaya University opened. As of 2022, there are 83 private universities, 42 public universities, and more than 35 institutions of higher learning. There are 16,305 students enrolled in higher education as a whole. There were a few private universities in Ghana before the beginning of

2232-631: The University Grant Commission (UGC), is the primary regulator of higher education in Pakistan . It also facilitates the development of the higher educational system in Pakistan. Its main purpose is to upgrade the schools to be world-class centers of education, research, and development. It also plays a leading role in building a knowledge-based economy in Pakistan by giving out hundreds of doctoral scholarships for education abroad every year. Despite

2294-511: The Year Award winners. PC houses a Center for South Korean and East Asian Studies, which is partnered with Hannam University . Hannam and PC have been affiliated with each other since Hannam's inception, when it was founded by 1949 PC alumnus John Somerville. The School of Pharmacy confers Doctor of Pharmacy degrees (PharmD) and is oriented toward serving the healthcare needs of underdeveloped and economically depressed areas of South Carolina and

2356-421: The annual Bronze Derby football game, named for the series's trophy, which made its debut in 1947 after a basketball game between the two colleges. After the game, which PC won 51–47, a scuffle broke out between supporters of both colleges and a derby hat was snatched from the head of a PC student. The hat was eventually returned, cast in bronze, and transformed into a symbol of the rivalry. The last installment of

2418-734: The college level, including current women's soccer coach Brian Purcell ('87), former head football coach Harold Nichols ('89), former Vanderbilt basketball head coach Roy Skinner ('52), and Bob Waters ('60), a record-setting head football coach at Western Carolina. Presbyterian is a member of the Big South Conference of NCAA Division I and fields seventeen varsity teams in eleven sports: football ( FCS ), men's and women's cross country, volleyball, men's and women's soccer, men's and women's basketball, softball, men's and women's golf, men's and women's tennis, women's lacrosse, baseball, and men's and women's wrestling. Football has competed within

2480-480: The contrary, the Free University of Brussels (nowadays split into ULB and VUB ) was founded by masonic individuals. All of these institutions began to be recognized by the State from 1891 onwards. It is forbidden by law to call a fully private institution "university" or "faculty", meaning fully private (non- free ) 'universities' have limited visibility. Bulgaria has many private universities, among which

2542-517: The country, most notably the American University of Armenia and the Eurasia International University . In Austria , educational institutions must be authorized by the country to legally grant academic degrees . All state-run universities are governed by the 2002 Austrian Universities' and University Degree Programmes' Organisation Act (Federal Law Gazette No. 120/2002). In 1999, a federal law ( Universitäts-Akkreditierungsgesetz )

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2604-552: The criticism of the HEC, its creation had a positive impact on higher education in Pakistan. Its two-year report for 2004 to 2006 states that according to the Institute of Scientific Information, the total number of publications appearing in the 8,000 leading journals indexed in the Web of Science arising out of Pakistan in 2005 was 1,259 articles, representing a 41% increase over the past two years and

2666-529: The first to gain degree awarding status was Hajvery University, Lahore (HU), established in 1990. From 2003–2004, Pakistan had a total of 83 private degree granting institutions. There are nine private universities in Saudi Arabia . In Sri Lanka , state-recognized private institutes are allowed to award degrees under Section 25A of the Universities Act No. 16 of 1978. The University Grants Commission

2728-416: The four active chapters met in what would become the "junior founding" of the fraternity at what they called the Hampden–Sydney Convention, held in a dorm room at Hampden–Sydney College . This marked the start of a new wave of prosperity and substantial growth and the end of almost a decade of decline. Theta chapter , at Rhodes College , took over the responsibilities of Alpha chapter , granting chapters for

2790-549: The greater US. A 54,000 square-foot facility, its doors opened in the fall of 2010 with an inaugural class of 80 students. The School of Pharmacy was fully accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE) in July 2014. Despite its youth, it has accrued multiple awards including a Biomedical/Biobehavioral Research Administration Development (BRAD) grant from the National Institutes of Health , and

2852-515: The honor code go before the college's honor council, composed of students and faculty, which has the power to sanction, suspend, or dismiss those found guilty. PC's 240-acre campus covers areas in and around Clinton, providing academic buildings, dining facilities, recreational areas, and athletics venues. The college's 15 townhouses, 11 residence halls, and 9 apartments house nearly all of the undergraduate student body. Six buildings on Presbyterian College's campus (Doyle Hall, Laurens Hall, Jacobs Hall,

2914-616: The largest awarding body in the country, BTEC , and Cambridge International Examinations pathways. Accreditation by the Brunei Darussalam National Accreditation Council (BDNAC) is crucial to establish a private institution. Private universities have been established in Cambodia since 1997. Since 2003, joint-partnership private universities have been established in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Typically,

2976-426: The most renowned are New Bulgarian University , located in the capital city Sofia ; Burgas Free University ; Varna Free University and American University in Bulgaria . Finland does not officially recognize private universities but does not explicitly forbid them either. Helsinki School of Business is an example of one such educational institution operating in this market. Since 1880, it has been illegal for

3038-495: The partners may include a Chinese university and a non-Chinese institution. English is often the only language of instruction at such universities and many focus on providing a comprehensive liberal arts education modeled after research universities in the United States and Europe. Universities in India are recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC), which draws its power from the University Grants Commission Act, 1956 . Private universities in India are regulated under

3100-520: The recent discovery of oil and gas in commercial quantities has influenced the development of oil and gas management courses within the private universities' curricula. Libya has several recognized private education institutions and universities that have been approved by the Ministry of Higher Education. They are ranked and qualified to specialize in academic programs in Business Administration, Computer Science, Law, Medicine, and Humanitarianism. The National Universities Commission of Nigeria holds

3162-683: The responsibility to approve private universities and accredit their courses. This ensures a minimum standard in curriculum and teaching. There are currently 60 approved private universities in Nigeria and many applications are being processed. In South Africa , there are many distinctions between public universities and what are officially termed private higher education institutions. Recognized private higher education institutions include Akademia ( af ), Regent Business School , Eduvos , Varsity College , Vega School , Milpark , Midrand Graduate Institute , and Regenesys Business School . Numerous private universities were established in Bangladesh after

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3224-428: The same privileges including social security, foreign law, and state scholarships as students at state universities. Educational services of private universities are not subject to value added tax , and donations are tax-deductible. Accreditations must be renewed regularly and can be withdrawn, e.g., in the case of repeated academic misconduct as happened in 2003 when the accreditation of International University Vienna

3286-464: The shield, diamond, dagger, and key. Its flower is the lily of the valley. Its tree is the Oak and its mascot is the White Horse. Its jewel is the Diamond. Shield & Diamond is the official quarterly publication of Pi Kappa Alpha. It was first printed in December 1890 by Robert Adger Smythe, who was then Grand Secretary and Treasurer, under the name The Pi Kappa Alpha Journal . The name was changed to Shield & Diamond in 1891. Pike University

3348-621: The student-teacher ratio is typically lower and there are more opportunities for hands-on learning. Additionally, private universities in Oman often have more flexible curriculums and can respond quickly to changing labor markets and global trends.   All private universities in Oman must be recognized by the Omani Ministry of Higher Education to offer degree programs and receive approval for new degrees. The Ministry has procedures and standards that all universities must meet to receive accreditation and recognition as an institution of higher education. The Higher Education Commission (HEC), formerly

3410-403: The study (some of these institutes are state-funded institutions of their home countries) and these charges are often a fraction of the cost of studying in the home countries of these institutions. Efforts to establish private universities have been blocked due to protests from state universities' undergraduates and leftist political parties. Many private colleges have sprung up since, including

3472-721: The term "university" as opposed to "private university" in their advertisements in all languages except German while still complying with Austrian law. While the legal definition of "private university" prohibits funding by the federal government of Austria, funding by other public bodies is not prohibited. Consequently, some of Austria's private universities are partly or wholly funded by provincial governments, while others are fully privately funded. Accreditation of private universities began in 2001. As of 2020 , Austria has 16 private universities. Most are small (fewer than 1000 students) and specialize in only one or two fields of study. Four former private universities are not accredited anymore:

3534-532: The tripling of the size of the faculty and student body, the construction of four new buildings, and growth in the college's assets from $ 150,000 to over $ 1 million. After weathering the storms of the Great Depression and Second World War , Presbyterian has continued expansion on many fronts through the second half of the twentieth century. It became fully coeducational in 1965 (and in so doing dropped its previous motto, "Where Men are Made"). In 1969, it began admitting African-American students. Presbyterian College

3596-440: Was founded on March 1, 1868, in Room 47 in West Range ( The Range ) at the University of Virginia by six graduate students: Three of the Founders had been former cadets, having served on both sides of the recently concluded Civil War . One had been a Union hospital officer, another a Confederate veteran, and a third, a repatriate. Expansion was considered early in the fraternity's history; on March 1, 1869, exactly one year after

3658-463: Was not originally organized as a sectional fraternity; however, by constitutional provision it became so in 1889, and for twenty years would only open chapters south of the Mason-Dixon Line. Pi Kappa Alpha members have supported the nation's armed conflicts in large numbers. In World War I , one out of every six members of the fraternity served in uniform. In World War II , 15,000 of its 33,000 active members served, including General Courtney Hodges ,

3720-535: Was passed to allow the accreditation of private universities. The Akkreditierungsrat (Accreditation Council) evaluates applicants and issues recommendations to the responsible Austrian accreditation authority (the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science & Research). Accreditation by the council yields a couple of privileges: degrees issued by accredited private universities have the same legal status as those issued by state-run universities. Private universities can appoint or promote professors . Their students enjoy

3782-404: Was to educate young people for lives of service to church and society, and thereby be, in his words, "epistles to Christ's honor and glory." By the time of Jacobs' death in 1917, the college had grown considerably in size and resources, and had six major buildings. Neville Hall, PC's most recognized structure, was constructed in 1907. The tenure of president Davison McDowell Douglas (1911–1926) saw

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3844-413: Was withdrawn. In 2006, when the accreditation of Imadec University expired, the Accreditation Council rejected any renewal requests. Austrian law provides that private universities in Austria must use the term Privatuniversität ("private university") in their German names, although their formal names in other languages are not regulated. Thus, there is the possibility of private institutions employing

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