The Czech National Library of Technology ( Czech : Národní technická knihovna , abbreviated as NTK ) is located at Technická 6 in Prague 6 . The building also houses a branch of the Municipal Library of Prague . The former site of the National Library of Technology was the Clementinum in the Old Town of Prague , from which all books and materials were moved to the library's current location after completion of the current building in 2009. The building was designed by architects Roman Brychta, Adam Halíř, Ondřej Hofmeister and Petr Lešek of Projektil Architekti after winning first prize in an architectural competition held in 2000.
26-517: Construction of the current building began in 2006 and was completed in January 2009. The library opened to the public on 9 September 2009 and now boasts the most extensive collection of Czech and international documents in the field of technology and applied natural and social sciences related to technology in the Czech Republic. The user-friendly design philosophy for the building has been described as
52-463: A projective plane and a point P of that plane on neither line, the bijective mapping between the points of the range of ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } and the range of m {\displaystyle m} determined by the lines of the pencil on P is called a perspectivity (or more precisely, a central perspectivity with center P ). A special symbol has been used to show that points X and Y are related by
78-517: A tertiary university , by Emperor Joseph I as a response to Christian Josef Willenberg's petition addressed to preceding emperor Leopold I . In 1806, the institute of Engineering Education was transformed into Prague Polytechnical Institute (or Prague Polytechnic ), i.e. a school independent of the University of Prague. After the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the name of
104-611: A "high-tech living room for students" by the institution's Director Martin Svoboda. Today's National Library of Technology in Prague originated in 1718 as a collection of books belonging to the first Engineering Professor of the Czech Estates, Christian Willenberg (1655-1731). Over the next two centuries, the library grew as part of the Estates School of Engineering and other predecessors to
130-499: A Publishing House and service facilities. Student clubs within the CTU are integrated in the Student Union . It has 27 members and covers a wide range of free time activities, with the biggest club being Silicon Hill . The Student Union also organizes social events for students throughout the year. Perspectivity In geometry and in its applications to drawing , a perspectivity
156-521: A fully electric formula racing car to compete at international competitions. Robotic team established by students of mechanical engineering designing and building a fully autonomous space rover vehicle and drones. Aiming to prestigious international competition European Rover Challenge which annually takes place in Poland. CTU Space Research is ambitious student team. Their goal is to design and launch space rockets and stratospheric balloons. They compete in
182-476: A perspective collineation of S 2 . Each point of the line of intersection of S 2 and T 2 will be fixed by φ and this line is called the axis of φ. Let point P be the intersection of line OO * with the plane S 2 . P is also fixed by φ and every line of S 2 that passes through P is stabilized by φ (fixed, but not necessarily pointwise fixed). P is called the center of φ. The restriction of φ to any line of S 2 not passing through P
208-448: A perspectivity; X ⩞ Y . {\displaystyle X\doublebarwedge Y.} In this notation, to show that the center of perspectivity is P , write X ⩞ P Y . {\displaystyle X\ {\overset {P}{\doublebarwedge }}\ Y.} The existence of a perspectivity means that corresponding points are in perspective . The dual concept, axial perspectivity ,
234-610: Is also the oldest non-military technical university in Europe. In the academic year 2020/21, Czech Technical University offered 130 degree programs in Czech and 84 in English. It was considered one of the top 10 universities in emerging Europe and Central Asia in the same year. It was established as the Institute of Engineering Education in 1707, but as a secondary education (high school) instead of
260-595: Is the Art of drawing on a Plane the Appearances of any Figures, by the Rules of Geometry". In a second book, New Principles of Linear Perspective (1719), Taylor wrote In projective geometry the points of a line are called a projective range , and the set of lines in a plane on a point is called a pencil . Given two lines ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } and m {\displaystyle m} in
286-555: Is the correspondence between the lines of two pencils determined by a projective range. The composition of two perspectivities is, in general, not a perspectivity. A perspectivity or a composition of two or more perspectivities is called a projectivity ( projective transformation , projective collineation and homography are synonyms ). There are several results concerning projectivities and perspectivities which hold in any pappian projective plane: Theorem: Any projectivity between two distinct projective ranges can be written as
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#1732852461420312-422: Is the formation of an image in a picture plane of a scene viewed from a fixed point. The science of graphical perspective uses perspectivities to make realistic images in proper proportion. According to Kirsti Andersen , the first author to describe perspectivity was Leon Alberti in his De Pictura (1435). In English, Brook Taylor presented his Linear Perspective in 1715, where he explained "Perspective
338-1152: The European Rocketry Challenge (EuRoC) in Portugal. CTU has international agreements with 484 foreign universities. Many of them are ranked in the first hundred in QS World University Rankings such as National University of Singapore , Nanyang Technological University , Purdue University , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Technical University of Munich , Delft University of Technology , KU Leuven or Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile . CTU has many bilateral agreements with universities outside of Europe. The most sought after universities are from Canada, Australia, Singapore, United States and Japan. That said, every year many students choose to study in attractive destinations such as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, South Africa, South Korea, Costa Rica, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Russia or Taiwan. CTU also participates in
364-593: The European programmes Erasmus and Leonardo . CTU has currently over 3500 international students from 117 countries. About 750 of them are an exchange students. One of the organizations that takes care of international students is Erasmus Student Network (ESN) , which organizes Buddy Programme and extra-curricular activities. CTU has currently 21 agreements with universities such as Technical University of Munich , RWTH Aachen or Trinity College Dublin . CTU has 8 faculties. The oldest one (Faculty of Civil Engineering)
390-818: The composition of no more than two perspectivities. Theorem: Any projectivity from a projective range to itself can be written as the composition of three perspectivities. Theorem: A projectivity between two distinct projective ranges which fixes a point is a perspectivity. The bijective correspondence between points on two lines in a plane determined by a point of that plane not on either line has higher-dimensional analogues which will also be called perspectivities. Let S m and T m be two distinct m -dimensional projective spaces contained in an n -dimensional projective space R n . Let P n − m −1 be an ( n − m − 1)-dimensional subspace of R n with no points in common with either S m or T m . For each point X of S m ,
416-423: The construction of the last section to project S 2 onto T 2 by the perspectivity with center O followed by the projection of T 2 back onto S 2 with the perspectivity with center O *. This composition is a bijective map of the points of S 2 onto itself which preserves collinear points and is called a perspective collineation ( central collineation in more modern terminology). Let φ be
442-600: The late 1990s, the Czech Ministry of Education approved construction of the current building in Prague 6. Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Technical University in Prague ( CTU ) ( Czech : České vysoké učení technické v Praze, ČVUT ) is one of the largest universities in the Czech Republic with 8 faculties, and is one of the oldest institutes of technology in Central Europe . It
468-529: The pace and difficulty of CTU coursework, high percentage of students fail to complete first year of their studies. First year failure rates range from 23% (Faculty of Civil Engineering) to 47% (Faculty of Information Technology). Overall, only 48% of enrolled undergraduate students end up graduating. During their studies, students are encouraged to join one of many student teams within the university to gain real-life experience and work in teams on projects. Team based at Faculty of Electrical Engineering building
494-818: The present-day Czech Technical University in Prague between 1786 and the outbreak of World War II in various locations. The library moved to the Clementinum as the Technical Universities Library (TUL) in 1935. In 1960, the library was renamed as the State Library of Technology (STK). Over time, the library began to outgrow space available at the Clementinum. Two remote storage facilities were procured between 1974 and 1981 in Prague 4-Písnice and in Lhota near Dolní Břežany (each with capacity for 200,000 volumes), and in
520-473: The school was changed in 1920 to the Czech Technical University in Prague. In 1705, Christian Josef Willenberg [ de ; cs ] asked Emperor Leopold I for permission to teach "the art of engineering". Later, the emperor's only son, who succeeded him on the throne in 1707 as Joseph I , ordered the Czech state of Prague to provide engineering education. For various reasons, the request
546-411: The space L spanned by X and P n - m -1 meets T m in a point Y = f P ( X ) . This correspondence f P is also called a perspectivity. The central perspectivity described above is the case with n = 2 and m = 1 . Let S 2 and T 2 be two distinct projective planes in a projective 3-space R 3 . With O and O * being points of R 3 in neither plane, use
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#1732852461420572-481: The training focused mainly on the military. Teaching in the first year lasted one hour per day; in the second year, almost two. The successor of Willenberg was Johann Ferdinand Schor , builder of hydraulic structures in the basin of the Vltava and author of textbooks used at the school of mathematics. He began under Willenberg's leadership by teaching optics , perspectivity , technical drawing and geography . The third
598-707: The world rating of THES-QS universities in the category of technical sciences, the CTU took the 121st place, in the category of natural sciences – 246th place. In 2018, Czech Technical University was ranked as 220th in Engineering and Technology in the QS World University Rankings . Students apply to faculty. Each faculty has different admissions requirements. Acceptance rate ranges from 52.32% ( Faculty of Information Technology ) to 81.51% (Faculty of Transportation Sciences). The percentage of international students grew from 2.5% in 2000 to 16.4% in 2017. Due to
624-693: Was founded in 1707, while the youngest and most selective faculty ( Faculty of Information Technology ) was founded in 2009. The university also has 5 university institutes, such as Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics , Klokner Institute, Institute of Physical Education and Sport, University Centre for Energy Efficient Buildings and Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics. Other constituent parts include Computing and Information Centre, Technology and Innovation Centre, The Research Centre for Industrial Heritage, Centre for Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry, Division of Construction and Investment and Central Library . The university also has
650-678: Was not implemented for some time. However, in October 1716, Willenberg repeated the request. Finally, on 9 November 1717, a decree by the Czech state granted Willenberg the first engineering professorship in Central Europe (formally as part of University of Prague). On 7 January 1718, he began teaching. Initially, Willenberg started teaching only 12 students in his own apartment (six barons , four knights , and two burghers ), but gradually students proliferated (in 1779, there were around 200) and they started studying in more suitable premises. Initially,
676-472: Was professor František Antonín Herget , who mainly focused on civil engineering , particularly construction. In September 1776, Maria Theresa allowed Herget to use the Clementinum building; in 1786, the school moved to the new and better building. In 1787, the School of Engineering was established at the decree of Emperor Joseph II . The CTU is the best technical university in the Czech Republic. In 2010, in
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