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32-583: The Park, with the total area of 54,212 ha (133,960 acres), is one of the biggest landscape parks in the country, created in 1987. It lies within Lesser Poland Voivodeship , in the part of the Beskid mountain range called Western Carpathians south of Nowy Sącz , in the basin of the Poprad river with its picturesque gorge . It borders Slovakia . This Lesser Poland Voivodeship location article

64-459: A narrow fess Or. In addition to traditional nationwide Polish cuisine , the voivodeship is known for its variety of regional and local traditional foods , which include especially various cheeses , including the Bundz , Oscypek and Bryndza Podhalańska from mountain areas, meat products, especially local types of kiełbasa and bacon , honeys and various dishes and meals, officially protected by

96-548: A population of 3,404,863 (2019). The province's name recalls the traditional name of a historic Polish region, Lesser Poland, or in Polish: Małopolska . Current Lesser Poland Voivodeship, however, covers only a small part of the broader ancient Małopolska region. Historic Lesser Poland is much larger than the current province. It stretches far north, to Radom , and Siedlce , also including such cities, as Lublin , Kielce , Częstochowa , and Sosnowiec . The province

128-461: Is technology that is at the cutting edge : the highest form of technology available. It can be defined as either the most complex or the newest technology on the market. The opposite of high tech is low technology , referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology; for example, a slide rule is a low-tech calculating device. When high tech becomes old, it becomes low tech, for example vacuum tube electronics. Further, high tech

160-427: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This Polish protected area -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lesser Poland Voivodeship Lesser Poland Voivodeship ( Polish : województwo małopolskie [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ mawɔˈpɔlskʲɛ] ) is a voivodeship in southern Poland . It has an area of 15,108 square kilometres (5,833 sq mi), and

192-457: Is abundant in castles, including Mirów , Niedzica , Niepołomice , Nowy Wiśnicz , Pieskowa Skała and Wawel . The voivodeship contains 4 cities and 58 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019 ): Towns: Lesser Poland Voivodeship is divided into 22 counties ( powiats ): 3 city counties and 19 land counties. These are further divided into 182 gminas . The counties are listed in

224-456: Is bounded on the north by the Świętokrzyskie Mountains ( Góry Świętokrzyskie ), on the west by Jura Krakowsko-Częstochowska (a broad range of hills stretching from Kraków to Częstochowa ), and on the south by the Tatra , Pieniny and Beskidy Mountains . Politically it is bordered by Silesian Voivodeship to the west, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship to the north, Subcarpathian Voivodeship to

256-1033: Is considered to be the best technical university in Poland. The Academy of Economics, the Pedagogical University, the Kraków University of Technology and the Agricultural Academy are also very highly regarded. There are also the Fine Arts Academy, the State Theatre University and the Musical Academy. Nowy Sącz has become a major educational center in the region thanks to its Higher School of Business and Administration, with an American curriculum, founded in 1992. The school has 4,500 students. There are also two private higher schools in Tarnów. In

288-433: Is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between the two opposite extreme qualities of low-tech and high tech. Mid-tech could be understood as an inclusive middle that combines the efficiency and versatility of digital/automated technology with low-tech's potential for autonomy and resilience. Startups working on high technologies (or developing new high technologies) are sometimes referred to as deep tech ;

320-526: Is rich in historic architecture ranging from Romanesque and Gothic to Renaissance , Baroque and Art Nouveau . Numerous towns possess preserved historic market squares and town halls, as in Kraków and Tarnów . At Wadowice , birthplace of John Paul II (50 kilometers southwest of Kraków) is a museum dedicated to the late pope's childhood. The voivodeship, especially Kraków, is home to various museums, art galleries and cultural institutions. Major museums include

352-820: Is the second largest international airport in Poland (after Warsaw 's), the John Paul II International Airport . The gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was €40.4 billion in 2018, accounting for 8.1% of the Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €19,700 or 65% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 72% of the EU average. The region's economy includes high technology , banking, chemical and metallurgical industries, coal , ore , food processing , and spirit and tobacco industries. The most industrialized city of

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384-535: Is the warmest place in Poland with average summer temperatures between 23 °C (73 °F) and 30 °C (86 °F) during the day, often reaching 32 °C (90 °F) to 38 °C (100 °F) in July and August, the two warmest months of the year. The city of Tarnów , which is located in Lesser Poland , is the hottest place in Poland all year round, average temperatures being around 25 °C (77 °F) during

416-651: The Auschwitz concentration camp with a network of subcamps in various localities. There was also a German prisoner-of-war camp for French , Belgian, Dutch and Soviet prisoners of war. The Lesser Poland Voivodeship was created on 1 January 1999 out of the former Kraków , Tarnów , Nowy Sącz and parts of Bielsko-Biała , Katowice , Kielce and Krosno Voivodeships, pursuant to the Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. Located in Southern Poland , Lesser Poland

448-703: The Early Middle Ages , the territory was inhabited by the Vistulans , an old Polish tribe . It formed part of Poland since its establishment in the 10th century, with the regional capital Kraków becoming the seat of one of Poland's oldest dioceses, est. in 1000, contributing to the Christianization of Poland . In 1038, Kraków became the capital of Poland by decision of Casimir I the Restorer , retaining its role for several centuries with short-term breaks. It also became

480-467: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland . There are local types of pierogi , kluski , kołacz and various soups . Local specialities include obwarzanek krakowski and krówki from Regulice . Local beverages include several types of nalewki and śliwowica , including Śliwowica łącka . The Lesser Poland Voivodeships has partnerships with the following regions: In February 2020,

512-936: The National Museum in Kraków with the branch Czartoryski Museum , one of the oldest museums of Poland, which contains works by various artists including Leonardo da Vinci , Rembrandt and Kraków-native Jan Matejko , and the Archaeological Museum of Kraków , the oldest archaeological museum in Poland. There are museums dedicated to painters Jan Matejko and Józef Mehoffer at their former homes in Kraków, to composer and pianist Karol Szymanowski and writer Kornel Makuszyński at their homes in Zakopane, to writer Władysław Orkan at his home in Poręba Wielka and to writer Emil Zegadłowicz in his manor in Gorzeń Górny . Manggha ,

544-532: The 21st century, the high tech industry is a significant part of several advanced economies. The Israeli economy has the highest ratio in the world, with the high tech sector accounting for 20% of the economy. High tech makes up 9.3% of the American economy according to Statista and CTech . Multiple cities and hubs have been described as global startup ecosystems . GSER publishes a yearly ranking of global startup ecosystems. The study does yearly reports ranking

576-558: The French region of Centre-Val de Loire suspended its partnership with the Lesser Poland Voivodeship as a response to the anti-LGBT resolution passed by the voivodeship's authorities. In September 2021, the voivodeships's authorities revoked the controversial declaration. Football , ice hockey and motorcycle speedway enjoy the largest following and greatest success in the voivodeship. Cracovia and Wisła Kraków contest

608-931: The Kraków Derby, nicknamed the Holy War , considered the fiercest rivalry in Poland and one of the fiercest in Europe. Most accomplished hockey teams are Podhale Nowy Targ , Cracovia and Unia Oświęcim . Top speedway team is Unia Tarnów . Since the establishment of the province, various major international sports competitions were co-hosted by the province, including the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship , 2016 European Men's Handball Championship , 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship , 2021 Men's European Volleyball Championship , 2023 World Men's Handball Championship , 2023 European Games . High tech High technology ( high tech or high-tech ), also known as advanced technology ( advanced tech ) or exotechnology ,

640-460: The day in the three summer months and 3 °C (37 °F) during the day in the three winter months. In the winter the weather patterns alter each year; usually winters are mildly cold with temperatures ranging from −7 °C (19 °F) to 4 °C (39 °F), but the winter season changes often to a more humid and warmer winter, or more continental and cold, depending on the many various wind patterns that affect Poland from different regions of

672-574: The east, and Slovakia ( Prešov Region and Žilina Regions ) to the south. Almost all of Lesser Poland lies in the Vistula River catchment area. The city of Kraków was one of the European Cities of Culture in 2000. Kraków has railway and road connections with Katowice (expressway), Warsaw , Wrocław and Rzeszów . It lies at the crossroads of major international routes linking Dresden with Kyiv , and Gdańsk with Budapest . Located here

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704-478: The environment of Lesser Poland . The region has areas for tourism and recreation, including Zakopane (Poland's most popular winter resort) and the Tatra, Pieniny and Beskidy Mountains. There are ten spa towns : Krynica-Zdrój , Muszyna , Piwniczna-Zdrój , Rabka-Zdrój , Szczawnica , Wapienne , Wieliczka , Wysowa-Zdrój , Zakopane , Żegiestów . The natural landscape features many historic sites. The voivodeship

736-435: The following table (ordering within categories is by decreasing population). Protected areas in Lesser Poland Voivodeship include six National Parks and 11 Landscape Parks . These are listed below. Lesser Poland Voivodeship's symbols can be blazoned as follows: Coat of arms: A traditional Iberian shield gules, an eagle argent displayed armed, legged, beaked, langued and crowned Or. Flag: Per fess argent and gules,

768-520: The largest Polish museum of Japanese art, is located in Kraków. There are numerous World War II memorials in the province, including a museum at the site of the former Nazi concentration camps Auschwitz -I and Auschwitz-II-Birkenau, as well as the Auschwitz Jewish Center , visited annually by a million people. There are memorials at the sites of German-perpetrated massacres of Poles, German-operated forced labour camps, etc. The voivodeship

800-777: The location of the Jagiellonian University , Poland's oldest university and one of world's oldest, established by King Casimir III the Great . In the Late Middle Ages , Oświęcim and Zator were ducal seats of local lines of the Piast dynasty . Following the late-18th-century Partitions of Poland , the region witnessed several uprisings against foreign rule, i.e. the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794, Kraków uprising of 1846 and January Uprising of 1863–1864, and Kraków remained one of

832-637: The main cultural centers of partitioned Poland, taking advantage of the more relaxed policies of the Austrian partitioners than those of the Prussians and Russians . In the interbellum , the region was part of reborn independent Poland. During World War II , it was occupied by Germany , with the occupiers committing their genocidal policies against Poles and Jews in the region, massacring civilians and prisoners of war, including at Szczucin and Olkusz , operating prisons, forced labour camps and, most notably,

864-512: The old salt mines of Bochnia (Europe's oldest) and Wieliczka , the pilgrimage town of Kalwaria Zebrzydowska , the former Nazi German concentration camp Auschwitz in Oświęcim , the wooden churches of Southern Lesser Poland , and the wooden Tserkvas of the Carpathian Region in Poland and Ukraine . Four national parks and numerous reserves have been established in the voivodeship to protect

896-571: The term in a financial column in 1969, saying Arthur H. Collins of Collins Radio "controls a score of high technology patents in a variety of fields" and in a 1971 article used the abbreviated form, "high tech". A widely used classification of high-technological industries was provided by the OECD in 2006. It is based on the intensity of research and development activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories. In

928-410: The term may also refer to disruptive innovations or those based on scientific discoveries. High tech, as opposed to high-touch , may refer to self-service experiences that do not require human interaction. The phrase was used in a 1958 The New York Times story advocating " atomic energy " for Europe: "... Western Europe, with its dense population and its high technology ...." Robert Metz used

960-603: The voivodeship is Kraków . The largest regional enterprise operates here, the Tadeusz Sendzimir Steelworks in Nowa Huta , employing 17,500 people. Another major industrial center is located in the west, in the neighborhood of Chrzanów (chiefly the production of railway engines) and Oświęcim (chemical works). Kraków Park Technologiczny, a special economic zone , has been established within the voivodeship. There are almost 210,000 registered economic entities operating in

992-552: The voivodeship, mostly small and medium-sized, of which 234 belong to the state-owned sector. Foreign investment, growing in the region, reached approximately US$ 18.3 billion by the end of 2006. A total of 130,000 students attend fifteen Kraków institutions of higher learning. The Jagiellonian University , the largest university in the city (44,200 students), was founded in 1364 as Cracow Academy . Nicolaus Copernicus and Karol Wojtyła ( Pope John Paul II ) graduated from it. The AGH University of Science and Technology (29,800 students)

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1024-595: The world. Błędów Desert , the only desert in Poland, is located in Lesser Poland, where temperatures can often reach 38 °C (100 °F) in the summer. Lesser Poland Voivodeship is the voivodeship with the highest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Poland with six entries, encompassing the Kraków Old Town with the Wawel Royal Castle , former main royal residence and burial site of Polish monarchs,

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