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105-717: The Pomona Valley is located in the Greater Los Angeles Area between the San Gabriel Valley and San Bernardino Valley in Southern California . The valley is approximately 30 miles (48 km) east of downtown Los Angeles . The earliest inhabitants of Pomona Valley were the Gabrielino (Tongva) and Serrano Indians. On March 1, 1893 the California Assembly voted 54–14 for a new county to form in

210-483: A decentralized structure. Its major commercial, financial, and cultural institutions are geographically dispersed rather than being concentrated in a single downtown or central area. Also, the population density of Los Angeles proper is low (approximately 8,300 people per square mile) when compared to some other large American cities such as New York City (27,500), San Francisco (17,000), Boston (13,300), and Chicago (11,800). Densities are particularly high within

315-465: A 5-mile radius of downtown, where some neighborhoods exceed 20,000 people per square mile. What gives the entire Los Angeles metro region a high density is the fact that many of the city's suburbs and satellite cities have high density rates. Within its urbanized areas, Los Angeles is noted for having small lot sizes and low-rise buildings. Buildings in the area are low when compared to other large cities, mainly due to zoning regulations. Los Angeles became

420-457: A 8-mile (13 km) course over roads and trails ends at the main peak for an approximately 4,000-foot (1,200 m) elevation gain. Hunting is allowed, but is regulated and requires a license. The first development in the area came in the Civil War era, and was focused on exploitation of the area's resources both by independent homesteaders and for use by the populated lowland areas. Some of

525-563: A city in the north west of the valley is very diverse, with large groups of Hispanics, Whites, Asians, and Blacks. The Pomona Valley is served by several freeways: In Claremont, Mt. Baldy Road leads into the Mt. Baldy Ski Lifts of Mount San Antonio in the San Gabriel Mountains. 34°04′34″N 117°39′25″W  /  34.076°N 117.657°W  / 34.076; -117.657 Greater Los Angeles Area Greater Los Angeles

630-561: A cross (†) in the table below. According to the 2020 census, there were 18,644,680 people living in the Greater Los Angeles Area. The racial makeup of the area was 29.4% White (23.0% Non-Hispanic European and 6.4% Non-Hispanic Middle Eastern), 13.8% Asian (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Pacific Islander (Non-Hispanic), 6.1% African American (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Native American (Non-Hispanic), 0.5% from other races (Non-Hispanic), and 3.3% from two or more races (Non-Hispanic). 46.3% of

735-514: A loop corresponding to the present-day Mt. Baldy Trail and Devil's Backbone Trail. Rental cabins were also built in Evey Canyon. Access to the upper canyon was impeded by the precarious nature of the trail going over the Hog Back slide, but by the turn of the century Dell's Camp nevertheless entertained as many as a hundred guests in a weekend. Charles Baynham built a second camp nearby in 1907, and in

840-519: A major city just as the Pacific Electric Railway spread population to smaller cities much as interurbans did in East Coast cities. In the first decades of the twentieth century, the area was marked by a network of fairly dense but separate cities linked by rail. The ascendance of the automobile helped fill in the gaps between these commuter towns with lower-density settlements. Starting in

945-559: A mile-long pipeline, remnants of which can still be seen, running all the way from San Antonio Creek. The remains of the Gold Ridge Diggings (a.k.a. Agamemnon mine) (1897-ca. 1904) are found near the headwaters of San Antonio Canyon, in the canyon below the Ski Hut. The miners were kept supplied by sheep hunter turned merchant Fred Dell, who built Dell's Camp near the present Mt. Baldy Village, and by mule driver Fletcher Manker, who built

1050-501: A number of experiments involving bouncing a beam of light off a reflector at Lookout Mountain , a prominence 3.2 miles (5.1 km) southwest of the peak, from the observatory at Mount Wilson some 22 miles (35 km) away. During Prohibition , the area became known as a place where one could get a drink away from the watchful eyes of the police. Former Yosemite concessionaire Foster Curry, his wife Ruth Curry, and Ruth's second husband, movie star Edmund Burns , turned Camp Baldy into

1155-541: A number of summer routes to the summit involving cross-country travel or scrambling, and it is possible to rappel down the canyon of San Antonio Creek. The ski hut is operated by the Sierra Club Angeles Chapter and available for year-round use on weekends. It marks the approximate halfway point on the Ski Hut Trail, at an elevation of 8,200 ft. It has a fully-equipped kitchen, piped water, solar lighting,

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1260-648: A pause due to World War II , in an effort to prevent future floods as severe as the one in 1938, which damaged the low-elevation, highly populated areas below. The dam succeeded in significantly reducing the damage done by the 1969 flood. Hydroelectric plants along San Antonio Creek are tied to the electric grid. The lower land area of the mountain consists of an ecological community known as yellow pine forest. Tree species include lodgepole pine , Jeffrey pine (also known as western yellow pine), white fir , and some sugar pine . These forests are fairly sparse, and are intermixed with chaparral and oak savannah. Higher up,

1365-527: A playground for affluent residents of Los Angeles, with a swimming pool, casino, and a dance pavilion. In 1935–1936 the Civilian Conservation Corps built a wide trail along the Devil's Backbone from Mt. Baldy Notch to the summit, a route which had previously been narrow and dangerous due to the precipitous drops on one, or in some areas both, sides. Aurelia Harwood , the first female president of

1470-604: A series of bitter conflicts between the San Antonio Water Company and the camp owners. Pollution of the watershed and an 1899 brush fire led the company to buy Dell's Camp and close it, wrest legal control of the road away from Baynham, close off the canyon with locked gates, and station armed guards to keep out intruders. But after some time and various legal battles, the company decided to profit from recreation rather than discouraging it. It bought Baynham's Camp in 1907 but then hired Baynham to manage it, charging tolls on

1575-496: A store at what is now known as Manker Flat. Gold mining began in Icehouse Canyon in 1892. The Hocumac and Gold Ridge mines were unsuccessful due to the uncertain water supply, the low amount of gold in the ore, and a water-pollution lawsuit filed by downslope farmers. The late 19th century saw increased interest in the area for its own qualities and for recreation rather than for its resources. In 1875 an army surveying party made

1680-643: A white belly and a big, bushy tail) from the California ground squirrel , which is spotted and has a gray area on the back of its neck. Hiking trails reach the summit from four sides of the mountain, and one can access the Devil's Backbone trail by skipping the Mt. Baldy Notch trail with taking chair #1 at Mount Baldy Resorts during any season. The trails vary in difficulty, and there are plenty of options for novices as well as experienced hikers. Mt. Baldy Notch – (3.5 miles one way): The trail begins at Manker Flats, where

1785-465: A wood-burning stove, dormitory loft beds for about sixteen visitors, and an outhouse with a view. The hut is located at the base of Baldy Bowl , recognized as a superb skiing area in the early 1930s. The Ski Mountaineers section of the Sierra Club, formed in 1935, was granted permission by the U.S. Forest Service to construct a hut in this location. The hut was built by volunteers, who carried all of

1890-412: Is a higher ratio of chinquapin to manzanita. Other shrubs on the mountain include mountain whitethorn , buckwheat , and mountain gooseberry . Wildflower species include Galium parishii, San Gabriel alumroot , gray monardella , pumice alpinegold , Parry's pussypaws , Nuttall's sandwort , and caulanthus . There are also Ross's sedge and rockcress . Oreonana vestita, a type of mountainparsley,

1995-571: Is adapted to talus. Desert bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis nelsoni ) are found in the area, mostly above 7000', and they lamb in the area. Their population is less threatened than those of other subspecies in California. Unlike animals of this subspecies in the Mojave Desert , those in the San Gabriel Mountains cannot be legally hunted and need not compete with aggressive feral burros for food or water. Grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ), featured on

2100-563: Is known for its tourist attractions, such as Disneyland , Knott's Berry Farm , its several pristine beaches and coastline, and its wealthier areas, featured in television shows such as The O.C. None of the original downtowns serves as the central urban core for the county, but there are important clusters of business and culture in Downtown Santa Ana and in three edge cities : the Anaheim–Santa Ana edge city from Disneyland to

2205-411: Is now known as Icehouse Canyon. Because the canyon is deep, its north-facing slope retains snow late into the spring, and in 1859 Victor Beaudry and Damien Marchessault built an icehouse there. The ice was brought down from the mountains to Los Angeles by mule and wagon and sold door to door, as well as being used at Beaudry and Marchessault's ice cream saloon, the only one in the city. ( Marchesseault

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2310-517: Is the most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. state of California , encompassing five counties in Southern California extending from Ventura County in the west to San Bernardino County and Riverside County in the east, with the City of Los Angeles and Los Angeles County at its center, and Orange County to the southeast. The Los Angeles–Anaheim–Riverside combined statistical area (CSA) covers 33,954 square miles (87,940 km ), making it

2415-669: Is the most populous metropolitan area in the Western United States and second-most populous in the United States. It has at its core the Los Angeles – Long Beach – Anaheim urban area , which had a population of 12,237,376 as of the 2020 census. The U.S. Census Bureau also defines a wider commercial region based on commuting patterns, the Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area (CSA), more commonly known as

2520-404: The "New York–Newark" Urbanized Area had a population density of 5,309 per square mile (2,050/km ). Los Angeles' reputation for sprawl is due to the fact that the city grew from relative obscurity to one of the country's ten largest cities (i.e. 10th largest city in 1920), at a time when suburban patterns of growth first became possible due to electric streetcars and automobiles. The city was also

2625-578: The Angeles National Forest . Its summit is 10,064 feet (3,068 m), and marks the boundary between San Bernardino County and Los Angeles County . A sub-peak, West Baldy, is 9,996 feet (3,047 m). The mountain's southern watershed drains into San Antonio Creek , the north side into Lytle Creek and the Fish Fork of the San Gabriel River . San Antonio and Lytle Creeks are part of

2730-597: The Inland Empire , which can be broadly defined as Riverside and San Bernardino counties; the Ventura/Oxnard metropolitan area (Ventura County); and the Los Angeles metropolitan area (also known as Metropolitan Los Angeles or Metro LA ) consisting of Los Angeles and Orange counties only. The Census Bureau designates the latter as the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim metropolitan statistical area (MSA),

2835-690: The Orange Crush interchange ( Orange , Santa Ana), the South Coast Plaza–John Wayne Airport edge city (Santa Ana, Costa Mesa , Irvine ), and Irvine's Spectrum edge city. Orange County is sometimes figuratively divided into "North County" and "South County", with North Orange County including cities such as Anaheim , Fullerton , and Santa Ana , and is the older, more ethnically diverse and more densely built-up area closer to Los Angeles. South County, defined variously as beginning with either Costa Mesa or Irvine and includes cities to

2940-573: The San Bernardino National Forest to the east. Additionally, the southwest portion of Riverside County, centered on the city of Temecula is more economically linked to San Diego county, with its growth largely being driven by migrants from San Diego seeking more affordable housing similar to how northwestern Riverside county's growth was driven by migrants from Orange County and Los Angeles seeking more affordable housing. However, with clear northern and southern limits to expansion,

3045-543: The San Gabriel Valley , the population of Asian Americans is much smaller. Northern areas of the valley that contain the cities of Claremont , La Verne , and Upland have large Caucasian populations. Central portions of the valley that contain the cities of Pomona , Montclair , Chino , and Ontario have large Hispanic populations. Southern portions of the Pomona Valley such as Chino Hills , and Ontario Ranch contain rather large Asian populations. Rancho Cucamonga ,

3150-678: The Santa Ana River watershed. San Antonio Creek descends through a deep canyon which has several waterfalls, the last about 75 feet (23 m) high. East of the summit is Mount Harwood , which is in turn connected by a narrow ridge, "The Devil's Backbone," to a pass known as the Baldy Notch. At the Notch there is a ski resort , the closest one to Los Angeles. South of the resort, and connected to its ski lift by an asphalt road, lies Mt Baldy Village . There are no roads or maintained trails connecting

3255-591: The Santa Monica Mountains , the San Gabriel Mountains , and the Mojave Desert . Actual land development in these regions occurs on the fringes of incorporated cities, some of which have been fully developed, such as the cities of Palmdale and Lancaster . While there is not an official designation for the regions that comprise Greater Los Angeles, one authority, the Los Angeles Times , divides

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3360-505: The Sierra Club , was active in the area. Mount Harwood , a subsidiary peak of Mount Baldy, is named for her. The Sierra Club built a lodge, also named after her, at Manker Flats in 1930. It is open to Sierra Club members. In 1935 the club added a mountain hut, known as the "ski hut," by the base of the Baldy Bowl near the headwaters of San Antonio Creek. The ski hut burned down that year but

3465-949: The Sunset Strip in West Hollywood , Universal City , the Warner Center in Woodland Hills , and Sherman Oaks and Encino , notable for existing alongside extensive suburban development. In fact, the Los Angeles area is considered a classic example of a metropolitan area that developed in such fashion. Furthermore, since the COVID-19 pandemic Downtown Los Angeles has experienced staggering commercial vacancy rates, urban plight, homelessness, drug use, and crime. Entire skyscrapers were reportedly sold for less than large estates in Bel Air. Within

3570-607: The US 101 corridor. Making the US 101 a full freeway in the 1960s and expansions that followed helped make commuting to Los Angeles easier and opened the way for development westward. Development in Ventura County and along the US 101 corridor remains controversial, with open-space advocates battling those who feel business development is necessary to economic growth. Although the area still has abundant amount of open space and land, almost all of it

3675-495: The fourth largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the second-largest metropolitan area in the United States, by population of 13 million as of the 2020 U.S. census . It has a total area of 4,850 square miles (12,561 km ). Although San Diego–Tijuana borders the Greater Los Angeles area at San Clemente and Temecula , it is not part of it as the two urban areas are not geographically contiguous due to

3780-552: The "poster child" of large cities that grew up with suburban-style patterns of development, rather than how it ranks in sprawl among American metro areas today, now that suburban and exurban -style development is present across the country. The Los Angeles–Orange County metro area was the most densely populated "urbanized area" (as defined by the United States Census Bureau ) in the United States in 2000, with 7,068 inhabitants per square mile (2,729/km ). For comparison,

3885-482: The 2009 American Community Survey , the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area had a population of 12,874,797, of which 6,402,498 (49.7% of the population) were male and 6,472,299 (50.3% of the population) were female. The age composition is shown in the table at right. Median age: 34.6 years According to the 2020 census, there were 18,644,680 people living in the Greater Los Angeles Area. The racial makeup of

3990-504: The 28 cities of Riverside County by population at the 2020 U.S. census: List of the 24 cities and incorporated towns of San Bernardino County by population at the 2020 U.S. census: While the above areas are included in the regional definition of Greater Los Angeles, the U.S. Census Bureau defines Greater Los Angeles, or officially, the Los Angeles–Long Beach Combined Statistical Area, to include both

4095-625: The Baldy Notch Service Road can be taken to the notch. The trail provides scenic views at the notch, and other trails ahead. Devil's Backbone – (3.2 miles one way from Notch: A service road at Mt. Baldy Notch leads to the Devil's Backbone trailhead and continues to the main peak. Mt. Baldy Trail – (6.5 miles one way to Mt. Baldy Summit): This is the oldest and longest trail to the summit. Because it starts at Mt. Baldy Village, it has almost 6000' of elevation gain. Icehouse Canyon – (3.7 miles one way): The Icehouse Canyon trail begins in

4200-555: The Greater Los Angeles Area, with an estimated population of 18,316,743 in 2023. The total land area of the CSA is 33,955 sq. mi (87,945 km ). The CSA includes three component metropolitan areas: Nearly all of the metropolitan area of Greater Los Angeles is located within the homelands of the Tongva , otherwise referred to as Tovaangar . Los Angeles has long been famous for its sprawl , but this has to do more with its status in history as

4305-575: The Inland Empire is sometimes defined as the entirety of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, the eastern undeveloped, desert portions of these counties are not considered to be part of Greater Los Angeles. The state of California defines this area to include the cities of Adelanto , Apple Valley , and Victorville to the north, the Riverside–San Diego county line to the south, and the towns of Anza , Idyllwild , and Lucerne Valley , along with

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4410-439: The Los Angeles area's expanding population. The development of a regional freeway system facilitated the expansion of suburbs and human migration linking the Inland Empire and rest of Greater Los Angeles. Despite being primarily suburban, the Inland Empire is also home to important warehousing, shipping, logistics and retail industries, centered on the subregion's major cities of Riverside , San Bernardino and Ontario . While

4515-506: The Pomona Valley can also get cold. Trace amounts of snowfall can occur anywhere above 1500 feet. On the valley floor, average rainfall amounts range anywhere from 12 to 16 inches. Foothill communities can get anywhere from 14 to 18 inches of rain a year. In the fall (fire season), Santa Ana Winds can occur giving strong offshore winds from the Cajon Pass . The residents of the Pomona Valley are predominantly Latino and White . In contrast to

4620-448: The Pomona Valley from northern Orange County. Historic U.S. Route 66 runs east-west across the north side of Pomona Valley. San Antonio Creek runs right through the center of the valley dividing the valley into west and east, and also acts as a section of the border between Los Angeles County and San Bernardino County . It originates from the San Gabriel Mountains watershed around Mount San Antonio (known locally as Mt. Baldy) and joins

4725-562: The San Gabriels are believed to be descended from this group. Black bears are relatively shy and are almost never known to harm humans. Rabbits and coyotes are found near San Antonio Creek at low elevations, typically below 2000'. The most common species of rabbits are the black-tailed jackrabbit ( Lepus californicus ) and the desert cottontail ( Sylvilagus audubonii ), the jackrabbit being distinguished by its huge ears. Western gray squirrels live in oak forests at low elevations, on both

4830-504: The Santa Ana River south of Chino. The Pomona Valley ranges from the city of San Dimas from the far west to Rancho Cucamonga to the far east portion of the valley. The Pomona Valley experiences a Mediterranean Climate . In contrast to much of the Greater Los Angeles Area , The Pomona Valley can get much hotter summers with high temperatures ranging from the triple digits. Due to its elevation ranging from 800 to 2200 feet, winters in

4935-412: The United States after New York City, and is the focal point of the Greater Los Angeles Area. As an international center for finance, entertainment, media, culture, education, tourism, and science, Los Angeles is considered one of the world's most powerful and influential global cities . List of the 88 cities of Los Angeles County and six large CDPs by population at the 2020 U.S. census: Orange County

5040-502: The United States and world. Citrus production was important to the region's development in the earlier part of the 20th century. While the New York metropolitan area is presently the most populous metropolitan area in the United States, it has been predicted in the past that Greater Los Angeles will eventually surpass Greater New York in population. Whether this will happen is yet to be seen, but past predictions on this event have been off

5145-462: The United States. Within the boundaries of the CSA the Census Bureau defines 30 other urban areas as well, two of which ( Riverside – San Bernardino and Oxnard – Ventura ) form the core of their own metropolitan areas separate from the Los Angeles metropolitan statistical area. Urban areas situated primarily outside the Los Angeles metropolitan statistical area but within the CSA are identified with

5250-583: The above-mentioned areas along with the entirety of San Bernardino and Riverside counties. These areas are sparsely developed and are part of the Mojave and Colorado Deserts . To the north, Interstate 15 crosses desolate desert landscape after passing Barstow, linking Greater Los Angeles with Las Vegas , with Baker being the only significant outpost along the route. To the east, lie the Mojave National Preserve and Joshua Tree National Park along with

5355-672: The actual city boundaries of incorporated Los Angeles but border the city itself include the Santa Clarita Valley , the San Gabriel Valley , South Bay , and the Gateway Cities . Despite the large footprint of the city of Los Angeles, a majority of the land area within Los Angeles County is unincorporated and under the primary jurisdiction of Los Angeles County. Much of this land, however, cannot be easily developed due to planning challenges presented by geographic features such as

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5460-536: The area into the following regions: Some of the above areas can be defined as being bounded by natural features such as mountains or the ocean; others are marked by city boundaries, freeways, or other constructed landmarks. For example, Downtown Los Angeles is the area of Los Angeles roughly enclosed by three freeways and one river: the Harbor Freeway (SR 110) to the west, the Santa Ana Freeway ( US 101 ) to

5565-410: The area was 29.4% White (23.0% Non-Hispanic European and 6.4% Non-Hispanic Middle Eastern), 13.8% Asian (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Pacific Islander (Non-Hispanic), 6.1% African American (Non-Hispanic), 0.2% Native American (Non-Hispanic), 0.5% from other races (Non-Hispanic), and 3.3% from two or more races (Non-Hispanic). 46.3% of the population were Hispanic of any race, a super-majority of which

5670-566: The article predicted the population would be 18.3 million in that year, a number Greater New York already surpassed in 2007 by half a million people. By 2009, the New York metropolitan area had a population of 22.2 million compared to the Greater Los Angeles Area's 18.7 million, about a 3.56 million persons difference. Percentage growth, however, has been higher in Greater Los Angeles over the past few decades than in Greater New York. According to

5775-439: The broader county of Los Angeles and metro area, areas such as Downtown Long Beach , downtown Pasadena , downtown Glendale , and downtown Burbank , Downtown Santa Ana , Downtown Anaheim , Downtown Riverside , Downtown San Bernardino , downtown Irvine , and downtown Ontario are notable. Employment is not only in the downtown area, but consistently occurs outside the central core. As such, many people commute throughout

5880-462: The building materials up on their backs; it was completed in January 1936. The original hut burned to the ground on September 20, 1936, but was rebuilt, using burros to transport the building supplies, with the replacement hut completed that winter. The rebuilt hut is preserved as much as possible in its original condition, except that the women’s dormitory has been converted to a tool and storage room, and

5985-399: The canyon of San Antonio Creek at 4000' elevation. When the slide occurred, it dammed the river, whose depth built up until the water was released catastrophically, forming a slot canyon which now holds some of the area's few good rock climbing routes (difficulty 5.11, sport). In modern times, notable floods have occurred in 1938 and 1969. The San Antonio Dam was completed in 1956, after

6090-496: The central area of Los Angeles County quite complicated. Many cities are completely surrounded by the city of Los Angeles and are often included in the city's areas despite being independent municipalities. For example, Santa Monica and Beverly Hills (which is almost completely surrounded by Los Angeles) are considered part of the Westside, while Hawthorne and Inglewood are associated with South L.A. Adjacent areas that are outside

6195-457: The cities lining the coast. List of the 34 cities in Orange County by population at the 2020 census: The Inland Empire, consisting of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, contains fast-growing suburbs of the region, with a large to majority percentage of the working population commuting to either Los Angeles or Orange Counties for work. Originally an important center for citrus production ,

6300-443: The city and suburbs in various directions for their work and daily activities, with a large portion heading to the municipalities that are outside the city of Los Angeles. Unlike most metropolitan areas, regional identity remains a contentious issue in the Greater Los Angeles area, with many residents not acknowledging any association with the region as a whole. For example, while Los Angeles County and Orange County together make up

6405-522: The climb through Mt. Baldy Village to the base of the ski lifts is popular. It has been used as the finish of the penultimate stage of the 2011 , 2012 , 2015 and 2019 Amgen Tour of California . It was also featured in the 2017 Tour of California as the fifth stage of the race. Since 1965, each Labor Day, the San Antonio Canyon Town Hall has sponsored a "Run to the Top" on Mt. Baldy in which

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6510-614: The county became increasingly urbanized. The northern part of the county, however, remains largely undeveloped and is mostly within the Los Padres National Forest . List of the 10 cities of Ventura County by population at the 2020 U.S. census: At the core of the Los Angeles–Long Beach combined statistical area (CSA) lies the Los Angeles– Long Beach – Anaheim , CA urban area , the second most populous in

6615-479: The course of the 21st century, droughts and wildfires have increased in frequency and the region's water security has become a development issue. The traditional business district and historical downtown of Greater Los Angeles is Downtown Los Angeles . However, most of commercial activity is found outside downtown Los Angeles in the edge cities of Century City , Wilshire Boulevard in Koreatown , Hollywood ,

6720-592: The early twentieth century, there was a large growth in population on the western edges of the city moving to the San Fernando Valley and out into the Conejo Valley in eastern Ventura County . Many working-class whites migrated to this area during the 1960s and 1970s out of East and Central Los Angeles. As a result, there was a large growth in population into the Conejo Valley and into Ventura County through

6825-494: The east and south such as Laguna Beach , Mission Viejo , Newport Beach , and San Clemente , is more residential, affluent, recently developed, and has a mostly white population. Irvine is an exception, as it is a center of employment and is ethnically diverse. A growing alternative dividing marker between north and south is the El Toro Y interchange. Orange Coast or South Coast area is defined instead as consisting of some or all of

6930-553: The failing roof panels had to be replaced, again transported to the hut by human power. Manker Flats Campground is available for the public to camp in on a first come-first served mechanism. It is located 3 miles northeast of Mt. Baldy Village on Mt. Baldy road, in an open pine forest. It boasts 21 campsites with features such as stoves, piped water, toilets and tables. However, there are no facilities for showers or sanitary disposal. Fees for camping overnight are $ 12 per night, and an additional $ 5 for extra vehicles. For road cyclists,

7035-442: The first large American city where, in the 1920s, major clusters of regional employment, shopping, and culture were already being built outside the traditional downtown areas – in edge cities such as Mid-Wilshire , Miracle Mile and Hollywood . This pattern of growth continued ever outward, more so when the freeway system was built starting in the 1950s; thus Greater Los Angeles was the earliest large American metropolitan area with

7140-650: The first people to live permanently in the area were Mormon settlers in Lytle Creek Canyon (1851), orange farmer Madison Kincaid (1865) and fruit farmer and beekeeper A.A. Dexter (ca. 1875). A sawmill was built in 1870 upstream from today's Mt. Baldy Village, but it either burned down or was destroyed in the flood of 1884. Ever since 1882, the San Antonio Water Company has controlled the water rights in San Antonio Canyon, including its three hydroelectric plants. A tributary of San Antonio Creek flows through what

7245-405: The first recorded ascent to the mountain's summit, via Lytle Creek, and estimated the height of the peak. In 1880, W.H. Stoddard, brother-in-law of railroad baron Collis P. Huntington , built a resort in what is now called Stoddard Canyon. Frank Keyes converted Dell's Camp from a mining support station into a rental resort. Early mountain guide William B. Dewey led parties of guests to the summit on

7350-724: The following year the canyon became accessible by automobile. In 1910, Dewey built the Baldy Summit Inn, 80 feet below the mountaintop. Despite the grand name, it consisted of only a set of tents and some storage buildings. It was damaged by a cooking fire in 1913 and never rebuilt. By the early 1920s there were numerous trail camps and resorts such as the Icehouse Canyon Resort, Bear Canyon Resort Eleven Oaks, Baynham Camp, Alpine Woods, Trail Inn, Snow Crest, and Kelly's Camp. The shift from exploitation of natural resources to recreational use of San Antonio Canyon resulted in

7455-428: The front range of the San Gabriel Mountains , one of the Transverse Ranges of Southern California, formed around the San Andreas Fault system. The Transverse Ranges were formed because of a dog-leg bend in the San Andreas, which is a transform fault . The bend makes it difficult for the two plates to move smoothly past one another, and mountains were raised as a result. The prehistoric Hog Back landslide lies in

7560-403: The largest metropolitan region in the United States by land area. The contiguous urban area is 2,281 square miles (5,910 km ), whereas the remainder mostly consists of mountain and desert areas. With an estimated population of over 18.3 million (U.S. Census Bureau, 2023), it is the second-largest metropolitan area in the country, behind New York , as well as one of the largest megacities in

7665-507: The mark. A 1966 article in Time predicted Greater Los Angeles would surpass New York by 1975, and that by 1990, would reach close to the 19 million mark. But the article's flawed definition of Greater Los Angeles included San Diego , which is actually its own metropolitan area . A 1989 article in The New York Times predicted Greater Los Angeles would surpass Greater New York by 2010, but

7770-538: The mountain to the less populated region to its north, but a use trail leads over Dawson Peak and Pine Mountain to Wright Mountain and the Pacific Crest Trail , overlooking the town of Wrightwood . A weather station located around 7,700 feet was run during the 1960s; it recorded an average of 131 inches of snow per year. Snow peaks late in the season; in April 1967, 120 inches of snow fell. Mount San Antonio lies in

7875-462: The nation. Residents in these counties often commute to Los Angeles County and Orange County for employment. Los Angeles County, of which the City of Los Angeles is the county seat, is the most populous county in the United States and is home to over a quarter of all California residents. The large size of the city of Los Angeles, as well as its history of annexing smaller towns, has made city boundaries in

7980-507: The north, east, south, and southwest. The Tongva call the mountain Yoát or Joat , which means snow , and the Mohave call it Avii Kwatiinyam . The name Mount San Antonio was probably bestowed by Antonio Maria Lugo , owner of a rancho near present-day Compton circa 1840, in honor of his patron saint, Anthony of Padua . The mountain is almost always referred to as "Mount Baldy" by locals, to

8085-550: The north, the Los Angeles River to the east, and the Santa Monica Freeway ( I-10 ) to the south. Meanwhile, the San Fernando Valley ("The Valley") is defined as the basin consisting of the part of Los Angeles and its suburbs that lie north-northwest of downtown and is ringed by mountains. With a population of nearly 4.1 million people at the 2020 census, the City of Los Angeles is the second most populous city in

8190-515: The northeast, the Morongo Basin in the east-central including Yucca Valley and Twentynine Palms , and the Coachella Valley cities in the southeast. This interconnectivity, provided by one of the most extensive freeway systems in the world, as well as economic, social and media ties, has blended boundaries between these regions and the urbanized Los Angeles and Inland Empire areas. List of

8295-461: The parking lot at Icehouse and goes all the way up to Icehouse Saddle where a number of trails can be taken either to the Notch or to nearby peaks such as Ontario and Cucamonga. (5.5 miles). Ski Hut Trail – This trail follows the east side of the San Antonio Creek canyon to a small backcountry ski hut owned by the Sierra Club. A use trail continues around the left side of the bowl and then to

8400-424: The point where many may not recognize the name "Mount San Antonio." When American settlers arrived and surveyed the land, "Baldy" – a reference to the bare fell-field of Baldy Bowl that dominates the south face visible from Los Angeles – became the predominant name, and it has stuck. Nonetheless, "Mount San Antonio" is still used by a number of institutions (e.g. Mount San Antonio College ). Mt. San Antonio lies in

8505-452: The population increase between 2000 and 2006. Growth continues not only outside the existing urbanized area but also adjacent to existing development in the central areas. As in virtually all US core cities, there is now vigorous residential development in the downtown area with both new buildings and renovation of former office buildings. The Los Angeles Downtown News keeps a list of ongoing development projects, updated every quarter. Over

8610-579: The population were Hispanic of any race, a super-majority of which was of Mexican origin. 29.4% of the population (5.5 million) was foreign born; most immigrants came from Latin America and Asia. The explosive growth of the region in the 20th century can be attributed to its favorable Mediterranean climate , the availability of land and many booming industries such as oil , automobile and rubber, motion pictures , intermodal , logistics , and aerospace which in turn attracted millions of people from all over

8715-479: The population, about 1.4% South Asian (Indian Subcontinent), and about 12.4% were East or Southeast Asian. The six largest Asian ancestries with respect to all of Greater LA's population were Chinese : ~ 6.1% , Filipino : ~ 3.1%, Vietnamese : ~ 2.0%, Korean ~ 1.9%, Indian ~ 1.1% , and Japanese ~ 0.8%. Other important Asian American groups include Cambodian , Laotian , Hmong , Taiwanese , Pakistani , and Thai Americans. Non-Hispanic blacks make up 6.1% of

8820-592: The population. Approximately 1,143,781 residents are non-Hispanic blacks. Sub-Saharan Africans were 0.7% (137,443) and Non-Hispanic Caribbean Blacks were 0.3% (62,419). Non-Hispanic Native Americans make up 0.2% of the population (46,143). Non-Hispanic Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders make up 0.2% of the population. Approximately 42,591 residents are Native Hawaiian or of other Pacific Islander ancestries. The largest Pacific Islander ancestries were Samoan , Native Hawaiian , and Guamanian or Chamorro , and Tongan Non-Hispanic Multiracial people make up 3.3% of

8925-481: The population. Approximately 624,473 people are non-Hispanic multiracial. Mount San Antonio Mount San Antonio's sometimes snow-capped peaks are visible on clear days and dominate the view of the Los Angeles Basin skyline . The peak and a subsidiary one to the west form a double summit of a steep-sided east–west ridge . The summit is accessible via a number of connecting ridges along hiking trails from

9030-587: The presence of Camp Pendleton . However, both form part of the Southern California Megalopolis which extends into Tijuana , Baja California , Mexico . The Los Angeles metropolitan area is defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget as the Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), with a 2021 population of 12,997,353. The MSA is in turn made up of two "metropolitan divisions": The MSA

9135-402: The prices will continue to increase. The Los Angeles area continues to grow, principally on the periphery where new, cheaper, undeveloped areas are being sought. As such, in these areas, populations as well as housing prices exploded, although the housing bubble popped late in the decade of the 2000s. Riverside and San Bernardino Counties, which contain large swaths of desert, attracted most of

9240-401: The region became an important industrial area by the early 20th century. The Inland Empire also became a key transportation center following the completion of Route 66 , and later Interstate 10 . With the post-World War II economic boom leading to rapid development in Los Angeles and Orange Counties, land developers bulldozed acres of agricultural land to build suburbs in order to accommodate

9345-467: The region's urban eastern boundaries have become increasingly nebulous as suburban sprawl continues to spread out to form a unified whole with Los Angeles, with further development encroaching past the San Bernardino and San Jacinto Mountains and into the outlying desert areas. As a result, the regional definition of Greater Los Angeles can now be extended to include Barstow and surrounding towns in

9450-467: The region, to be named San Antonio County, with Pomona as its seat. Los Angeles interests in the Senate rejected the concept, however, and today the eastern and western portions of the valley remain divided between San Bernardino and Los Angeles counties (San Antonio Creek). The alluvial valley is formed by the Santa Ana River and its tributaries. The Pomona Valley is separated from San Gabriel Valley to

9555-549: The road from 1908 to 1922. The camp was renamed Camp Baldy in 1910. When the area became a national forest in 1908, the forest service began offering 99-year leases of plots of land in Icehouse Canyon for vacation cabins. By 1938 there were 105 cabins and additional cabins at a resort owned by the Chapman family. Leases were also sold, both by the government and by the water company, at Camp Baldy and Manker Flat. Between 1922 and 1927 American physicist Albert A. Michelson performed

9660-540: The smaller MSA region, the two host many sub-areas that each have sharp demographic, political, and financial distinctions. South Orange County residents often attempt to be identified apart from Los Angeles although they make up the same metropolitan area. Also, while only 1.63% of Los Angeles residents commute to Orange County for work, over 6% of Orange County commuters head to Los Angeles for work. Western Riverside County and San Bernardino County have become commuter regions characteristic of other suburban counties throughout

9765-421: The south side and the desert side of the range. Merriam's chipmunk ( Neotamias merriami ) inhabits the San Gabriels in low-elevation areas containing manzanita, below the yellow pine forest community. Rodents found at higher elevations in the San Gabriels include lodgepole chipmunks ( Neotamias speciosus ), all the way up to the tree line, and the California ground squirrel ( Otospermophilus beecheyi ) in

9870-546: The state flag, were once common in the Transverse Ranges, but were driven to extinction in California in the late 19th century, with one of the last animals in the San Gabriels being shot in 1894 by Walter L. Richardson. Black bears ( Ursus americanus ) did not naturally exist in the San Gabriel Mountains, but in 1933 eleven black bears from Yosemite Valley that had shown problematic behavior were moved to Southern California and released near Crystal Lake. All black bears in

9975-516: The summit. Three T’s – (5.3 miles one way): The trail starts and ends at the Icehouse Canyon Trailhead. It leads to views from the summits of Thunder, Timber and Telegraph Mountains. North Backbone Trail – (6.9 miles one way): The trail is a use trail that starts near Wrightwood but also near Wright Mountain. The trailhead is on a dirt road near Blue Ridge on CA-2. It summits 2 peaks: Dawson Peak and Pine Mountain. For mountaineers,

10080-593: The towns of Needles and Blythe on the California-Arizona border. Ventura County is mostly suburban and rural and also has developed primarily through the growth of Los Angeles. Central and southern Ventura County formerly consisted of small towns along the Pacific Coast until the expansion of U.S. Route 101 drew in commuters from the San Fernando Valley. Master-planned cities soon began developing, and

10185-654: The west by the northeastern end of the San Jose Hills , running approximately along State Route 57 . The eastern boundaries are the Jurupa Hills and the Cajon Pass, (the eastern end of the San Gabriel Mountains ) running near Interstate 15 , which separates the Pomona Valley from the San Bernardino Valley . The northern boundary is the San Gabriel Mountains . The Chino Hills are the southern boundary that separates

10290-413: The winter and spring offer a snow climbing challenge. The " Baldy Bowl " south of the summit is often climbed with crampons and ice ax , depending on snow conditions. The bowl can be treacherous for inexperienced climbers as some sections have slopes of 45° to 50°. Avalanches and rock fall are both hazards, and deaths or rescues from accidents along Devil's Backbone are a common occurrence. There are also

10395-562: The world . In addition to being the nexus of the global entertainment industry, including films, television, and recorded music, Greater Los Angeles is also an important center of international trade, education, media, business, tourism, technology, and sports. It is the third-largest metropolitan area by nominal GDP in the world with an economy exceeding $ 1 trillion in output, behind New York City and Tokyo . There are three contiguous component urban areas in Greater Los Angeles:

10500-406: The yellow pine forest community gives way to a pure lodgepole forest. Near 9,000 ft (2,750 m) these become increasingly krummholzed , and beyond about 9,500 ft (2,900 m) lies an unforested alpine zone . Mountain mahogany trees grow on the slopes above San Antonio Creek. The dominant shrubs at the higher elevations are manzanita and bush chinquapin . As the elevation increases, there

10605-408: The yellow pine forest on the south side of the range. They hibernate in winter. Rabbits may also occasionally be observed at high elevations. The two species of chipmunk are difficult to distinguish visually, and firm identification may require examination of their pubic bones, but the lodgepole chipmunk has brighter white stripes. It is easier to distinguish the western gray squirrel (gray, with

10710-487: Was later mayor of Los Angeles.) Gold mining did not begin in the area until decades after the California Gold Rush , with the earliest historical record being of the death of miner Jacob Skinner in 1879 in his mine at the Hog Back slide. Placer mining gave way to hydraulic mining in the 1880s and continued through the 90's. The Banks (Hocumac) Mine was built in 1893 near the Baldy Notch. It was supplied with water by

10815-850: Was of Mexican origin. Non-Hispanic whites make up under one-third (29.4%) of the population, approximately 5,477,462 residents. The top European ancestries were German : 7.0% (1,301,202), English : 6.1% (1,131,426), Irish : 5.4% (1,002,233), Italian : 3.4% (624,585), Scandinavian : 2.2% (405,887), French : 1.5% (284,180), Scottish : 1.4% (264,429), Polish : 1.2% (224,443), and Russian : 1.0% (189,115). The top Middle Eastern ancestries were Jewish : 3.2% (600,000), Armenian : 1.2% (214.190), Arab : 0.98% (182,934), and Iranian : 0.75% (139,632). Additionally, 3.3% (611,193) of residents identified as simply American . Values may add to over 100% because people can identify with more than one ethnicity. Approximately 2,577,706 residents are Asian of non-Hispanic origin. Asians of non-Hispanic origin make up 13.8% of

10920-505: Was originally an agricultural area dependent on citrus crops, avocados, and oil extraction, and became a bedroom community for Los Angeles when I–5, the Santa Ana Freeway , linked it to the city in the 1950s. The growth of Los Angeles initially fueled population growth in Orange County, but by the 1970s it had become an important economic center in its own right, with tourism and electronics industries, among others. Today, Orange County

11025-438: Was put aside and mandated never to be developed as part of the master plan of each city. Because of this, the area which was once a relatively inexpensive area to buy real estate, saw rising real estate prices well into the 2000s. Median home prices in the Conejo Valley for instance, ranged from $ 700,000 to $ 2.2 million in 2003. According to Forbes , "it's nearly impossible" to find reasonably priced real estate in California, and

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