66-520: Pioneer Square may refer to: Pioneer Courthouse Square , a town square in Portland, Oregon, United States Pioneer Square, Seattle , a neighborhood in Seattle, Washington, United States See also [ edit ] Pioneer Square station , a light rail station in Seattle, Washington, United States Pioneer Square South and Pioneer Square North stations ,
132-945: A Postmodern pit. It is intended to be a citywide park. It needs big, empty spaces. If it's empty, then [Director Park] should be full." In 2004, the square was ranked as the world's fourth-best public park by Project for Public Spaces , bested only by two squares in Venice and one in Siena , Italy. Project for Public Spaces ranked it the third best public square in North America in 2005 after New York City's Rockefeller Plaza and New Orlean's Jackson Square . The American Planning Association designated Pioneer Courthouse Square as one of 10 Great Public Spaces in 2008. 45°31′08″N 122°40′45″W / 45.51887°N 122.6793°W / 45.51887; -122.6793 Neil Goldschmidt Neil Edward Goldschmidt (June 16, 1940 – June 12, 2024)
198-469: A felony punishable by up to five years in prison. By the time the abuse had become public, however, the statute of limitations of three years had expired, making Goldschmidt immune from any prosecution over the matter. Goldschmidt's confessional letter was published on the front page of The Oregonian on May 7, 2004. It differed from the Willamette Week 's account, most notably in the length of
264-432: A City Hall that had been dominated by an "old-boy network". During his mayoral campaign, he questioned the benefit of expanding the city's police force , preferring to direct resources to crime prevention. According to Nigel Jaquiss , a reporter for Willamette Week , for thirty years he was "Oregon's most successful and charismatic leader". In 1973, Governor Tom McCall appointed Goldschmidt to what would be known as
330-401: A closed structure to prevent transients from congregating. Former governor Tom McCall , then a television commentator, was indignant: "It would be a shock ... to learn that a few power brokers have decreed that the result of the nationwide design rivalry is meaningless..." The square's construction required $ 3 million for land acquisition and $ 4.3 million for the structures and amenities,
396-416: A large enough amount that Ivancie's opposition nearly doomed the project. Martin, together with other architects and volunteers, drew attention to the delays from the opposition by painting a stylized blueprint of the proposal on the site itself. But it took the formation of "Friends of Pioneer Square", a citizens' group led by city commissioners Charles Ray Jordan and Mike Lindberg , and $ 750,000 raised by
462-450: A large silver-colored orb, was installed in August 1988. At noon each day, the following day's weather is announced with a fanfare of trumpets, flashing lights, and a spray of mist. The orb opens to reveal one of the following: Light bulbs on the side of the machine are reminiscent of a mercury thermometer and light up progressively as the temperature increases. Dozens of events are held at
528-505: A light rail station in Portland, Oregon, United States Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Pioneer Square . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pioneer_Square&oldid=1253418978 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
594-661: A private investment firm in its attempt to take over utility company Portland General Electric . In 2003, Governor Ted Kulongoski appointed Goldschmidt to the Oregon Board of Higher Education , a position he resigned after admitting he had sexually abused a minor girl 30 years earlier. Goldschmidt was born in Eugene , in Oregon's Willamette Valley , on June 16, 1940, into a Jewish family to Lester H. Goldschmidt and Annette Levin. He graduated from South Eugene High School . He later attended
660-514: A railroad hotel associated with his newly acquired Northern Pacific Railway . Philip A. Marquam contributed to the project by buying the school, clearing the site, moving the school to SW 6th and Alder, re-fitting it, and giving it back to the school district. It stood until 1910. Villard hired the firm of McKim, Mead & White and its employee William M. Whidden to design the hotel, rising six stories to an attic with elaborate dormers, in an H-shaped plan with its main gated courtyard facing
726-621: A second term as governor, long the subject of speculation, was finally explained. Further developments revealed that Goldschmidt was assisted by businessman Robert K. Burtchaell in keeping his molestation of the girl a secret. In return, Goldschmidt gave his support to Burtchaell's (unsuccessful) bid to extend a lease for a houseboat moorage on the Willamette River . Goldschmidt's rabbi made an appeal in The Oregonian for forgiveness. Although Goldschmidt could no longer be prosecuted for
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#1732843945894792-444: A studio there. In March 2009, KGW opened a high-definition news studio at the square, which it uses to broadcast its morning, noon and 7 p.m. newscasts. Regular broadcasts from the location began on March 17, 2009, with the 4:30 a.m. newscast. The space occupied by KGW is approximately 2,000 square feet (190 m ) in area and underground, with a small window area near the square's 6th and Yamhill corner. The square costs
858-541: A two-story parking lot was built. An 800-car parking garage was proposed to the Portland Planning Commission in January 1969, but the commission rejected the idea, instead calling for a public plaza. In the early 1970s, a comprehensive downtown plan proposed that the site become dedicated public space. In 1975, Mayor Neil Goldschmidt began negotiating with local department store Meier & Frank to obtain
924-431: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Pioneer Courthouse Square Pioneer Courthouse Square , also known as Portland's living room , is a public space occupying a full 40,000-square-foot (3,700 m ) city block in the center of downtown Portland , Oregon , United States . Opened in 1984, the square is bounded by Southwest Morrison Street on
990-486: Is left undone. Nothing is finished." Goldschmidt founded a law and consulting firm, Neil Goldschmidt, Inc., in Portland in 1991, four days after leaving office as governor. Even out of elected office, he was widely considered the most powerful political figure in the state for many years. His influence extended all over the state and the nation. As a member of the Oregon Health & Science University board, Goldschmidt
1056-475: The Pioneer Courthouse , the landmark 1875 federal building directly to the east. Villard's financial reverses forced him to withdraw. Local leaders re-organized the project in 1888 and contacted Widden, who came west and partnered with Ion Lewis to complete the job in 1890. The hotel was the center of the city's social activity for the first half of the 20th century. In 1951, the hotel was torn down and
1122-658: The University of Oregon , also in Eugene. He served as student body president at the school before graduating in 1963 with a bachelor's degree in political science. Goldschmidt earned a Juris Doctor from the University of California, Berkeley in 1967. From 1967 to 1970, he worked as a legal aid lawyer in Portland, Oregon . Goldschmidt served as an intern for U.S. Senator Maurine Neuberger in 1964 in Washington, D.C. While there, he
1188-611: The site of an attempted car bombing . Mohamed Osman Mohamud, a Somali-American student, was arrested after attempting to set off what he thought was a car bomb at a Christmas tree lighting ceremony. It turned out the bomb was inert and was part of an FBI sting operation . He was charged with attempting to use a weapon of mass destruction . In October 2014, Mohamud was sentenced to 30 years in federal prison along with credit for time served since his arrest, as well as lifetime supervision upon his scheduled release in 2037. On Morrison and Yamhill streets (the north and south boundaries of
1254-493: The 1981 deadline to reallocate the funds approached, however, light rail became a more attractive prospect. By a process not clearly documented, light rail was included in the final plan. All federal money initially intended for the Mount Hood Freeway ultimately went to other road projects, but the total amount was doubled and the first leg of MAX light rail was approved and ultimately completed in 1986. Goldschmidt became
1320-481: The 256 boxes of documents to guarantee public access as defined in a state law passed in 1973. That law required that public access to such records be maintained, but did not specify where the records be kept. Following Goldschmidt's decision to put the documents in the care of the OHS, the state legislature passed a law requiring future governors to leave their documents in the state archives. Many records were published on
1386-559: The Democratic front runner. He defeated Oregon State Senator Edward Fadeley in the May 1986 Democratic primary. Goldschmidt defeated Republican Secretary of State Norma Paulus in the 1986 general election 52% to 48%, succeeding two-term Republican Governor Victor Atiyeh , becoming the state's 33rd governor. Goldschmidt's policy for economic development brought together Democratic liberals and Republican business leaders. His personal focus
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#17328439458941452-627: The Governor's Task Force, which was tasked with exploring regional transportation solutions. Goldschmidt served alongside notable leaders: Glenn Jackson , chair of the board of Portland Power and Light and chair of the Oregon Transportation Commission , was considered the state's leading power broker on transportation issues; and Gerard Drummond, a prominent lawyer and lobbyist, was president of Tri-Met 's board of directors. The task force considered an unpopular deal that would have funded
1518-528: The Oregon Children's Foundation, as well as the Start Making A Reader Today (SMART) literacy program, which puts 10,000 volunteers into Oregon schools to read to children. In 1990, Goldschmidt declined to run for a second term as governor, despite the fact that he would have almost certainly been easily re-elected; at the time, he cited marital difficulties. Bernie Giusto , who was Goldschmidt's driver at
1584-529: The abuse ("nearly a year" according to Goldschmidt, but three years according to Willamette Week at the time; it was later revealed by Willamette Week that the abuse actually continued through 1991, after Goldschmidt's single term as governor) and in Goldschmidt's use of the term "affair" to characterize it. The Oregonian was criticized for its coverage and use of the term "affair". Writers and editors at The Oregonian acknowledged mistakes in their handling of
1650-793: The abuse, announced his early retirement in February 2008. On March 7, 2011, the Oregon Senate President and Co-Speakers of the House released a statement that Goldschmidt's Governor's portrait had been removed from the walls of the State Capitol building in Salem and put into storage, out of respect for his victim, Elizabeth Lynn Dunham, who died from cancer on January 16, 2011, at the age of 49. Goldschmidt married Margaret Wood in 1965. They had two children, Joshua and Rebecca, and divorced in 1990. Around
1716-659: The airline, trucking, and railroad industries. A newcomer to the Carter administration and to national politics, Goldschmidt traded not only on his experience in transportation planning, but on his political acumen as well; following Carter's unsuccessful bid for re-election in 1980, Goldschmidt expressed doubts about the future of the Democratic Party if it couldn't learn to cultivate political allies more effectively. Goldschmidt's time in Washington, DC, informed his own understanding of politics, as well. He remained in office through
1782-449: The city an estimated $ 1.2 million per year, mostly for security, cleanup, and events. One of the more recognized pieces of public art in Portland is Seward Johnson's Allow Me , commonly referred to as Umbrella Man . It is on the south side of the square, just above the amphitheater. Allow Me is a bronze statue of a man in a business suit holding an umbrella. Weather Machine , a 33-foot-tall (10 m) metal column topped with
1848-451: The completion of Fox Tower , a skyscraper on the block immediately southwest of the square, caused controversy among citizens because it blocks sunlight from reaching the majority of the square during the afternoon and evening hours. In 2002, the organization controlling the square had plans to add a large ice skating rink for four months of the year, at a cost of $ 12 million. The Pioneer Square group and Project for Public Spaces thought
1914-561: The conclusion of Carter's term on January 20, 1981. Between positions in public office, Goldschmidt was a Nike executive during the 1980s, serving as international Vice President and then as president of Nike Canada. He was considered as a potential chair of the Democratic National Committee in 1984. In June 1985, Goldschmidt announced his candidacy for Governor of Oregon . His name familiarity and access to large donations through his business and political ties made him
1980-659: The construction of the Mount Hood Freeway , which would have bisected southeast Portland. The deal, which would have been 90% funded by the Federal Highway Administration , was rescinded, with first the Multnomah County Commission and, later, Portland City Council reversing their positions and advising against it. Goldschmidt was initially opposed to diverting funds to light rail , instead favoring busways and more suitable local road projects; as
2046-495: The deal that led to the construction of TriMet's MAX Red Line to Portland International Airport that opened in 2001. He also started the Start Making a Reader Today (SMART) volunteer program in Oregon schools. Goldschmidt drew criticism in recent years for some of his business activities. In 2002, he lobbied business and political leaders to support Weyerhaeuser in its hostile takeover of Willamette Industries, Inc. , then
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2112-647: The eastern edge of the square in the 1970s, out of scrap salvaged from the Portland Hotel. For almost 20 years, commercial space at the square's south end was occupied by a branch of Powell's Books . Opened in September 1985, it was called Powell's Travel Store and was focused exclusively on travel-related literature and supplies. The store closed at the end of January 2005, and the space was then vacant for an extended period, until KGW-TV , Portland's NBC affiliate, began leasing it in early 2008, with plans to construct
2178-416: The entrance to a public information center and TriMet ticket office. The center of the square is arranged like an amphitheater , with a semicircle of approximately two dozen steps serving as seats when the square is used for musical performances or other events. Pioneer Courthouse Square was a designated non-smoking area as of January 1, 2007. The bricks used to pave the square were sold to raise funds for
2244-552: The largest gatherings in its history, when a crowd estimated at more than 12,000 attended an anti-war rally protesting American involvement in the Gulf War , packing the square and overflowing onto the surrounding streets, which police temporarily closed to traffic. In 2006, architect Laurie Olin described Pioneer Courthouse Square, stating "you really can't sit in the shade in Pioneer Square. It's not quiet. The fountain looks like
2310-448: The north, Southwest 6th Avenue on the east, Southwest Yamhill Street on the south, and Southwest Broadway on the west. The city has owned the block since 1856, when Portland bought land that included the site, as the location for its Central School. The district financed its construction at Sixth and Morrison by suspending school operations for a year. In 1884 investor Henry Villard came to Portland, looking for business support for
2376-541: The offense, the Oregon State Bar began an investigation into the matter. Goldschmidt submitted a Form B resignation , which was received by the bar on May 13, and rendered him ineligible for readmission. Following complaints from local media over limited access to Goldschmidt's public papers stored at the Oregon Historical Society (OHS), the state archivist announced May 29 that Goldschmidt would seize
2442-492: The ongoing sexual abuse of a young teenage girl beginning in 1973, during his first term as mayor of Portland. Goldschmidt was elected to the Portland City Council in 1970 and then as mayor of Portland in 1972, becoming, at the age of 32, the youngest mayor of any major American city. He promoted the revitalization of Downtown Portland and was influential on Portland-area transportation policy, particularly with
2508-519: The only Fortune 500 company headquartered in Portland. In early 2004, he backed a purchase of Portland General Electric (PGE) by Texas Pacific Group which, though never consummated, put on hold city and county studies to acquire PGE by condemnation . Criticism of Goldschmidt's business activities peaked when, on November 13, 2003, Governor Ted Kulongoski nominated him to the Oregon State Board of Higher Education . Goldschmidt's appointment
2574-799: The property for the city, and eventually convinced the store to sell the land to the city after its parking concerns were alleviated. By early 1980, a design competition was announced, seeking proposals for what was to become Pioneer Courthouse Square. Out of 162 submissions, five finalists were chosen, from firms based in New York City , Philadelphia , San Francisco / Los Angeles , Boston , and Portland. The Portland team, an interdisciplinary "group of rabble-raising architects, writers, and an artist" consisting of chief designer and architect Willard Martin, landscape architect Douglas Macy, sculptor Lee Kelly, sculptor, historian Terrence O’Donnell, graphic artist Robert Reynolds, and writer Spencer Gill, were chosen as
2640-536: The remainder of the Carter administration. In late 1979, Republican presidential hopeful John B. Anderson called for Goldschmidt's resignation, and members of the United States Senate Banking Committee later chastised him, for having suggested that he would withhold transportation funds from municipalities, such as Chicago and Philadelphia , whose mayors supported Ted Kennedy in his primary election bid against Carter. Goldschmidt resigned at
2706-492: The revelation of his years-long sexual abuse of a minor girl, which had occurred decades before, during his tenure as Mayor of Portland. These revelations ended Goldschmidt's extensive career at the center of Oregon politics and policymaking. In May 2004, a rapid series of events resulted in Goldschmidt's confession to the continuing sexual abuse of a teenage girl in the mid-1970s; the quick demise of his political career, including resignations from several prominent organizations; and
Pioneer Square - Misplaced Pages Continue
2772-402: The rink would make the square more active in the winter months, and had funding pledged by The Oregonian and Wells Fargo Bank . There was a strong negative reaction, as admission would be charged, violating the free-speech ethos of the square and its design. As Park Block 5 was being designed, many felt the ice rink should be placed there instead. On November 26, 2010, the square was
2838-498: The sale of 50,000 inscribed bricks, to rescue the project. The square opened on April 6, 1984, with an inaugural celebration that attracted more than 10,000 people. The square is owned by the city of Portland and is a city park. By October 1988, when the square's fountain was turned over to the Portland Water Bureau , it already needed repairs. The Oregonian called it "a leaker with corroding drain lines". Repair work
2904-509: The scrapping of the controversial Mount Hood Freeway and the establishment of the MAX Light Rail system. He was appointed U.S. Secretary of Transportation by President Jimmy Carter in 1979; in that capacity he worked to revive the ailing automobile industry and to deregulate several industries. He served until the end of Carter's presidency in 1981 and then served as a senior executive with Nike for several years. In 1986, Goldschmidt
2970-515: The sixth U.S. Secretary of Transportation in 1979. His recess appointment by President Jimmy Carter came on July 27 of that year, as part of a midterm restructuring of the Carter administration's cabinet positions. The United States Senate confirmed his appointment on September 21, and he was sworn in on September 24. In this position, Goldschmidt was known for his work to revive the financially ailing U.S. auto industry , and efforts to deregulate
3036-407: The square each year, including free shows during spring and summer, sponsored by local businesses. Events held in the square are usually all-ages . In 2006, the square was the site of an all-city pillow fight, and later an all-city slumber party. Pioneer Courthouse Square is a venue for speeches, political demonstrations, rallies and vigils. By Thanksgiving, a tall Christmas tree occupies the center of
3102-422: The square's construction, and are inscribed with donors' names. However, the bricks were not laid in any discernible order, so people looking for a particular brick must spend time walking around the park, head down. This leads to collisions with others looking for their bricks, and gave the park its nickname, "Bang Heads Park". Eric Ladd, an "early pioneer of… sustainable living ," built the wrought-iron gateway on
3168-410: The square) are sheltered MAX Light Rail stops. On the north side is an artistic feature, consisting of towering classical columns which progressively topple over like those of an ancient ruin. There are outdoor chess tables on some of the toppled columns; chess players frequently congregate there during the day. A fountain, taking the form of a cascading waterfall, on the west side of the square frames
3234-458: The square, with a tree-lighting ceremony held each year on the Friday evening after Thanksgiving. Another Christmas event in the square is Tuba Christmas. This is a celebration featuring 200–300 tuba and euphonium players who perform a medley of holiday songs, and was first held in 1991. An annual New Year's Eve celebration is also held there. On January 12, 1991, Pioneer Courthouse Square held one of
3300-564: The start of his term and later became Multnomah County Sheriff , was widely rumored to be romantically involved with Goldschmidt's wife Margie (and later dated her openly after the Goldschmidts' divorce). Goldschmidt had hoped at one time to serve two terms, noting that most of predecessor Tom McCall 's accomplishments came during his second term. In his farewell address to the City Club of Portland , he stated: "After only four years, everything
3366-435: The state archives' website in early 2005. The scandal has affected numerous people and organizations associated with Goldschmidt. Many people have been accused of knowing of the crime, but failing to act accordingly. Debby Kennedy, who worked for Goldschmidt while he was governor, recalled, "I just can't tell you how many rumors there were about him then." Multnomah County Sheriff Bernie Giusto , who admitted knowing about
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#17328439458943432-493: The state's workers' compensation regulations. Workers' compensation has been a contentious issue in Oregon for some time, as the state-run State Accident Insurance Fund (SAIF) insures approximately 35% of the workforce. The legislature passed a law as a result. The changes were considered to benefit the insurance industry and business interests, at the expense of claimants, who were required to establish more extensively that their employers were responsible for injuries. The issue
3498-592: The state's infrastructure. Goldschmidt oversaw a major expansion of the state's prison system. In May 1987, he hired Michael Francke to modernize the state's prisons, which an investigator had described as overcrowded and operated as "independent fiefdoms". Francke was charged with supervising a plan to add over 1000 new beds to the prison system. Francke was murdered in the Department of Corrections parking lot in 1989. In 1990, Goldschmidt brokered agreements between business, labor, and insurance interests that changed
3564-534: The story, but denied that a desire to protect Goldschmidt motivated the mistakes. The Willamette Week article, written by Nigel Jaquiss , was awarded the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for investigative reporting . In his initial negotiations with Willamette Week , Goldschmidt agreed to resign his positions with the Texas Pacific Group and the Board of Higher Education, which he did. His decision in 1990 not to run for
3630-463: The time, but drew strong criticism in later years. Despite an almost certain re-election as governor, Goldschmidt did not seek a second term, becoming an influential and controversial lobbyist . Over the next dozen years or so, he was criticized by editorial boards and Oregonians for several of the causes he supported, including backing the forestry corporation Weyerhaeuser in its hostile takeover of Oregon's Willamette Industries and his advocacy for
3696-479: The transfer of his many documents from the privately run Oregon Historical Society to the state-run Oregon State Archives . On May 6, under pressure from Willamette Week , Goldschmidt publicly announced that he had an inappropriate relationship with a 14-year-old girl (the victim later indicated she was 13) for an extended period during his first term as Mayor of Portland. Sex with a person under 16 years of age constitutes third degree rape under Oregon law,
3762-525: The unpopular Mount Hood Freeway , building consensus among labor unions and other powerful entities to divert Federal funds initially earmarked for the freeway to other projects, ultimately expanding the federal funds brought to the region to include the MAX Light Rail line and the Portland Transit Mall . He is widely credited with having opened up the city's government to neighborhood activists and minorities, appointing women and African-Americans in
3828-465: The winners by the City Council in May 1980. Their design received an "Architectural Design Citation" from Progressive Architecture magazine in 1981. Remnants of the hotel, an original archway and iron gatework, are found today on the east side of the square. Funding problems surfaced after the design was completed. Portland Mayor Frank Ivancie led a group of downtown business owners advocating
3894-547: Was an American businessman and Democratic politician from the state of Oregon who held local, state, and federal offices over three decades. After serving as mayor of Portland, Oregon , the United States Secretary of Transportation under President Jimmy Carter and governor of Oregon , Goldschmidt was at one time considered the most powerful and influential figure in Oregon's politics. In 2004, Goldschmidt's career and legacy were irreparably damaged by revelations of
3960-472: Was an early advocate of the controversial Portland Aerial Tram , which connected the research hospital to real estate projects by his longtime associates Homer Williams and Irving Levin near land whose owners Goldschmidt later represented. He stayed active in Portland as well, advocating an expansion of the Park Blocks (a strip of open park space cutting through downtown Portland.) Goldschmidt assisted in
4026-422: Was contentious for some time, involving lawsuits and various efforts to modify the law. In 2000, Governor John Kitzhaber attempted to reform the system again. This led to a new law in the 2001 Legislature, which was complicated by an Oregon Supreme Court ruling that occurred during deliberations. Goldschmidt's Children's Agenda was important in Oregon with its community initiatives. In 1991, he helped create
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#17328439458944092-521: Was elected the 33rd governor of Oregon, serving a single term. He faced significant challenges, particularly a rising anti-tax movement (leading to Measure 5 in 1990) and a doubling of the state's prison population. He worked across party lines to reduce regulation and to repair the state's infrastructure. His reforms to the State Accident Insurance Fund (SAIF), a state-chartered worker's compensation insurance company were heralded at
4158-468: Was initially expected to meet with little opposition. Several state senators , however, voiced concerns about Goldschmidt's involvement with SAIF and possible improprieties in the dealings he and his wife had with Texas Pacific. Senator Vicki Walker , in particular, emerged as an outspoken critic of Goldschmidt. The increased scrutiny on Goldschmidt's career, including reporters' difficulties accessing records from his term as governor, ultimately led to
4224-449: Was on children's rights, poverty, and crime, but the challenge of meeting increasing needs with a decreasing budget overshadowed his tenure. An anti-tax movement took hold during his term, passing the landmark Measure 5 in 1990, which restricted the generation of revenue by property tax . He was credited with leading "The Oregon Comeback", bringing the state out of nearly eight years of recession , through regulatory reform and repair of
4290-463: Was recruited by New York Congressman Allard K. Lowenstein to register voters in Mississippi 's 1964 Freedom Summer civil rights campaign. Goldschmidt won a seat on the Portland City Council in 1970. As City Commissioner (1971–1973) and later as Mayor of Portland (1973–1979), Goldschmidt participated in the revitalization of the downtown section of that city. He led a freeway revolt against
4356-465: Was undertaken in 1995, during which the purple tiles that had originally surfaced the fountain were replaced with granite veneer. The fountain received another overhaul in 2006, but without any change to its appearance. In 1989, a Starbucks coffeehouse opened at the northwest corner of the square, replacing a series of failed restaurants at the same location. Still in existence, this was the company's first Oregon outlet and its 40th overall. In 2001,
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