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31-512: The Pincoya is, according to local mythology, a female "water spirit" of the Chilotan Seas. The Pincoya is said to have long blond hair, be of incomparable beauty, be cheerful and sensual, and rise from the depths of the sea. Naked and pure, she personifies the fertility of marine species. Through her ritual dance she provides the chilote (resident of Chiloé) with an abundance or deficiency of fish and seafood. If she performs her dance facing

62-544: A mosaic of pastures, forests and cultivated fields. While the western shores are rocky and relatively straight, the eastern and northern shores contain many inlets, bays and peninsulas, and it is here where all towns and cities lie. Geographically, the bulk of the island is a continuation of the Chilean Coast Range , with the sea of Chiloé being a submerged portion of the Chilean Central Valley . The climate

93-445: A parish in 1836, resuming its traditional religious significance within the area. A good anchorage made Chonchi a natural stopping place for traffic in the canals and timber exploitation transformed it into a hub for development of the region. The economic activity centred upon Chonchi reached its zenith at the beginning of the 20th century creating an opulent society with an active social circle. The influence of external ideas (Europeans)

124-489: A regular service between Puerto Montt and the airport of Mocopulli , Dalcahue. Previously the only means of access to Chiloé island was via a ferry service across the Chacao Channel . In 2013, a small airstrip was opened at the south tip of the island, allowing local flight access to the remote village of Inío . A project to build a bridge from Chiloé Island to the mainland of Chile was initially proposed in 1972 and

155-466: Is Pincoy (who also is her husband). The three siblings lead and guide the drowned sailors onto a large phantom ship, the Caleuche , sailing the seas at night around the southern island of Chiloé in southern Chile. The ship appears briefly intact with sounds of a party on board, but quickly vanishes. Myth has it that, once on board, the dead can resume an existence as if they were alive again. In 2013,

186-625: Is Ancud , at the island's northwest corner, and there are several smaller port towns on the east side of the island, such as Quellón , Dalcahue and Chonchi . Chiloé Island and the Chonos Archipelago are a southern extension of the Chilean coastal range at Chilean Patagonia, which runs north and south, parallel to the Pacific coast and the Andes Mountains . The Chilean Central Valley lies between

217-524: Is also a breeding area for other species, such as the red-legged cormorant and kelp gull . Chiloé has been described by Renato Cárdenas, historian at the Chilean National Library , as "a distinct enclave, linked more to the sea than the continent, a fragile society with a strong sense of solidarity and a deep territorial attachment." Chiloé's history began with the arrival of its first human inhabitants more than 7,000 years ago. Spread along

248-459: Is clearly apparent in the town. The pirate Pedro Ñancúpel was a native of Chonchi, being born in Terao 1837. The nickname of Chonchi is Ciudad de los Tres Pisos which means "Town of three floors". The ground floor corresponds to the harbour and the marine drive with the picturesque market Feria Artesanal , the second floor consists of the urban architecture around the museum, and the third floor

279-623: Is cool temperate oceanic with Mediterranean precipitation pattern . With an area of 8,394 square kilometres (3,241 sq mi), Chiloé Island is the second largest island in Chile (after the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego ), the largest island completely within Chile, and the fourth largest in South America. It is separated from the Chilean mainland by the Chacao Strait ( Canal Chacao ) to

310-411: Is the main square with the church. Nearby attractions include Chiloé National Park and several lakes: Huillinco , Tarahuín , Natri and Tepuhueico . Huillinco, on Lago Huillinco , is a village of 943 inhabitants (2002), most of whom are Huilliche with an interesting cemetery. Cucao is one of the very few settlements on Chiloé on the west coast. It is a village with 424 inhabitants (2000) at

341-532: The Cetacean Conservation Center , is based at Puñihuil on the northwest coast. The project combines long-term research, educational and capacity building programs for marine conservation combined with the sustainable development of the local communities. The Islotes de Puñihuil Natural Monument is a group of three islets to the west and north of Puñihuil. The monument is the only known shared breeding site for Humboldt and Magellanic penguins. It

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372-554: The Chacao Channel in 1553 and explored the islands forming the archipelago, and is thus considered the first European discoverer of Chiloé. In 1558, Spanish soldier García Hurtado de Mendoza began an expedition which would culminate in the Chiloé archipelago being claimed for the Spanish crown. The city of Castro was founded in 1567. The island was originally called New Galicia by the Spanish discoverers, but this name did not stick and

403-467: The Valdivian temperate rain forests , one of the world's few temperate rain forests . Chiloé National Park ( Parque Nacional de Chiloé ) is located on the island's western shore and Tantauco Park ( Parque Tantauco ), a private natural reserve created and owned by Chilean business magnate and former President of Chile Sebastián Piñera , is located on the island's southern shore. Both include parts of

434-695: The 16th century, the island was inhabited by the Chono , Huilliche and Cunco peoples. The original peoples navigated the treacherous waters of the Chiloé Archipelago in boats called dalcas with skill that impressed the Spaniards. The first Spaniard to sight the coast of Chiloé was the explorer Alonso de Camargo  [ es ] in 1540, as he was travelling to Peru . However, in an expedition ordered by Pedro de Valdivia , captain Francisco de Ulloa reached

465-408: The coast of Chiloé are a number of middens - ancient dumps for domestic waste, containing mollusc shells, stone tools and bonfire remains. All of these remains indicate the presence of nomadic groups dedicated to the collection of marine creatures ( clams , mussels and Choromytilus chorus , among others) and to hunting and fishing. When the Spanish conquistadores arrived on Chiloé Island in

496-498: The coastal mountains and the Andes, of which the Gulfs of Ancud and Corcovado form the southern extension. Mountains run north and south along the spine of the island. The east coast is deeply indented, with several natural harbors and numerous smaller islands. Chiloé runs from 41º47'S to 43º26'S, and has a humid, cool temperate climate . The western side of the island is rainy and wild, home to

527-634: The coastal range. The eastern shore, in the rain shadow of the interior mountains, is warmer and drier. The northwestern of Chiloé Island in Chiloé National Park has a great diversity of marine fauna, including blue whale , sei whale , Chilean dolphins and Peale's dolphins ; sea lions , marine otters , and Magellanic penguin and Humboldt penguins . Nevertheless, this relatively undisturbed area faces different threats, like urban development, habitat degradation, land and marine pollution . The Alfaguara project ( blue whale project), conducted by

558-426: The construction of the railroad between Ancud and Castro in 1912, the occupation of inland zones was completed. This railroad is no longer in service. On December 10, 2021, a wildfire spread across Chiloe, including the city of Castro, burning houses, churches and schools, and causing many residents to evacuate. In late 2012, LAN Airlines became the first airline to offer flights to Chiloé Island, inaugurating

589-487: The entrance of Chiloé National Park. As a commune, Chonchi is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council , headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2008-2012 alcalde is Pedro Andrade Oyarzún ( PDC ). Within the electoral divisions of Chile , Chonchi is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Gabriel Ascencio (PDC) and Alejandro Santana ( RN ) as part of

620-473: The following villages: According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute , Chonchi spans an area of 1,362.1 km (526 sq mi) and has 12,572 inhabitants (6,453 men and 6,119 women). Of these, 4,588 (36.5%) lived in urban areas and 7,984 (63.5%) in rural areas . The population grew by 18.3% (1,945 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses. Originally Chonchi

651-456: The island are called) migrated to Patagonia in search of work, mainly in Punta Arenas , but as living and working conditions in Chiloé improved in the following century this migration began gradually to decrease. In the 19th century, Chiloé was a center for foreign whalers, particularly French whalers. From the middle of the 19th century and until the beginning of the 20th century, Chiloé was

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682-537: The islands, many of these declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO . Following the expulsion of the Jesuits in 1767, the Franciscans assumed responsibility for the religious mission to Chiloé from 1771. Chiloé only became part of the Chilean republic in 1826, eight years after independence and following the two failed campaigns for independence in 1820 and 1824. From 1843, a large number of Chilotes (as inhabitants of

713-435: The main producer of railroad ties for the whole continent. From this point on, new towns dedicated to this industry were formed, including Quellón , Dalcahue , Chonchi and Quemchi were established. From 1895, lands were given to European settlers and also to large manufacturing industries. With the rise of farming, inland areas of Chiloé Island began to be occupied; previously only the coastline had been inhabited. With

744-473: The name Chiloé, meaning "place of seagulls " in the Huilliche language , was given to the island. Jesuit missionaries to Chiloé Island, charged with the evangelization of the local population arrived on Chiloé at the turn of the 17th century and built a number of chapels throughout the archipelago. By 1767 there were already 79 and today more than 150 wooden churches built in traditional style can be found on

775-537: The newly discovered Pincoya Storm Petrel ( Oceanites pincoyae ) was named after Pincoya. In 2019, star HD 164604 was officially named Pincoya after a poll organized by the NameExoWorlds campaign in Chile, during the 100th anniversary of the IAU . This article relating to a myth or legend from Chile is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Chilo%C3%A9 Island Of roughly rectangular shape,

806-628: The north, and by the Gulf of Ancud ( Golfo de Ancud ) and the Gulf of Corcovado ( Golfo Corcovado ) to the east; the Pacific Ocean lies to the west, and the Chonos Archipelago lies to the south, across the Boca del Guafo. The island is 190 km (118 mi) from north to south, and averages 55–65 km (34–40 mi) wide. The capital is Castro , on the east side of the island; the second largest town

837-461: The project, announcing an international bidding process would be opened to present the best solution for the construction of the bridge, with a US$ 740 million investment limit. [REDACTED] Chiloe Island travel guide from Wikivoyage Chonchi Chonchi is a Chilean town and commune located in Los Lagos Region . The commune consists of the town of Chonchi and

868-553: The sea, it means that these shores will have an abundance of fish. When she dances facing the mountains, her back to the sea, seafood will be scarce. Chiloean mythology is appreciative of the Pincoya, believed to be good, beautiful and humanitarian. According to other legends, Pincoya is the daughter of Millalobo (king of sea, in chilote mythology) and the human Huenchula. Her sister is the Sirena chilota (a type of Mermaid ) and her brother

899-420: The southwestern half of the island is a wilderness of contiguous forests and swamps. Mountains in the island form a belt running from the northwestern to the southeastern corner of the island. Cordillera del Piuchén make up the northern mountains and the more subdued Cordillera de Pirulil gathers the southern mountains. The landscape of the northeastern sectors of Chiloé Island is dominated by rolling hills with

930-520: Was a Jesuit mission station with a school which had 150 pupils in 1755, and the town itself was founded in 1767 by order of Don Guil y Gonzaga, the Governor of Chiloé. In 1787 Chonchi had 315 inhabitants. Unification with Chile increased the economic importance of the region and promoted population growth. The 1833 census in Chonchi demonstrated that it was the most important town in south of the island. It became

961-531: Was eventually launched under the government of Ricardo Lagos (2000–2006) who launched the project as part of works to celebrate the Bicentennial of Chile . In 2006, however, the Chacao Channel bridge project was cancelled by the Ministry of Public Works after concerns about its total cost, which was estimated to be higher than the initial budget for the project. In May 2012, President Sebastián Piñera again revived

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