Misplaced Pages

#959040

43-607: Phaltan ( pronunciation ) is a City, a Tehsil , and a Municipal Council in the Satara district in the Indian state of Maharashtra . The City is about 59 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of the city of Satara and about 110 km from Pune . Phaltan was one of the non-salute Maratha princely states of British India, under the central division of the Bombay presidency . It measured 397 square miles (1,028 km) in area. According to

86-707: A chairperson, comprises three to five members, ensuring representation and expertise in their respective domains. Just as the tehsil goes by other names in various parts of India, notably mandal and taluka , there are a number of variations in nomenclature for the block panchayat. For example, it is known as Mandal Praja Parishad in Andhra Pradesh , Taluka Panchayat in Gujarat , Uratchi Onriyam in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka , and Panchayat Samiti in Maharashtra . In general,

129-449: A designated place within tehsil area known as tehsil headquarters. Tehsildar is the incharge of tehsil office. This is similar to district office or district collector at district level. Throughout India, there is a three-tier local body/Panchayat system within the state. At the top is the zila/zilla panchayat (parishad). Taluka/mandal panchayat/panchayat samiti/community development block is the second layer of this system and below them are

172-568: A population of over two million, to hold Panchayat elections regularly every five years, to provide seats reserved for scheduled castes , scheduled tribes and women, to appoint a State Finance Commission to make recommendations regarding the financial powers of the Panchayats, and to constitute a District Planning Committee. The 4-tier panchayat system  [ bn ] was inaugurated in West Bengal on Mahatma Gandhi's birthday (2 October) in

215-514: A significant increase in women's participation in local governance. Women are now serving as elected representatives in various positions, including as sarpanch (village head) and panchayat members. Women also demonstrated their positive and enlightened thinking in the panchayat to respond to the government's expectations of women. The supportive actions from their families are encouraging women to attend every PRI (Panchayati Raj in India) meeting. Even though

258-552: Is 70%. In Phaltan, 12% of the population was under six years of age. In Ramayana , Phaltan was part of Dandakaranya , and Ram, Laxman, Seeta had come here during Vanvas . Sri Ram is the local deity (Gram-daivat) of the city, and the Sri Ram Temple in Phaltan is an important landmark in the city. Phaltan is the birth place of Shri Chakrapani Prabhu, to whom the followers of Mahanubhava Sampradaya consider as an avatara among

301-469: Is called the tehsildar or, less officially, the talukdar or taluka muktiarkar . Tehsil or taluk can be considered sub-districts in the Indian context. In some instances, tehsils overlap with " blocks " (panchayat union blocks or panchayat development blocks or cd blocks) and come under the land and revenue department, headed by the tehsildar; and blocks come under the rural development department, headed by

344-439: Is comparatively hot and dry when compared to neighboring inland cities. Maximum temperatures exceed 40 °C (104 °F) every summer and typically range between 38–45 °C (100–113 °F). Lows during this season are around 25–28 °C (77–82 °F). The city receives less rainfall from June to September, and it has been declared as a drought-prone place by the government. Phaltan sometimes does not get rainfall during

387-473: Is generally smaller than a tehsil, and is meant for facilitating local self-government in the panchayat system . In West Bengal , Bihar, Jharkhand, community development blocks are the empowered grassroots administrative unit, replacing tehsils. Tehsil office is primarily tasked with land revenue administration, besides election and executive functions. It is the ultimate executive agency for land records and related administrative matters. The chief official

430-450: Is its elected head. The members of the gram panchayat are elected directly by the voting-age village population for a period of five years. The Gram Panchayat President, also known as Sarpanch often presides over the Sabha meetings. Elected standing committees operate in the panchayat, focusing on specific areas like finance, development, education, health, and welfare. Each committee, headed by

473-461: Is located in Phaltan. It focuses on agriculture, renewable energy, animal husbandry and sustainable development. Its work on energy self-sufficient tehsils (which became a national policy) was based on the extensive research on biomass availability in Phaltan Taluka. Tehsil In Andhra Pradesh and Telangana , a newer unit called mandal (circle) has come to replace the tehsil system. It

SECTION 10

#1732858662960

516-514: Is present to the south and south-west of Phaltan, a dry area begins. Water for drinking and irrigation is provided by the Veer Dam on the Nira river. According to the 2001 Census of India , Phaltan had a population of 60,172. Males constituted 51% of the population and females 49%. Phaltan has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy

559-709: Is the sub-district of a district, similarly, Nayabat is the sub-tehsil of a tehsil. Panchayati raj in India Panchayati raj (council of five officials) is the system of local self-government of villages in rural India as opposed to urban and suburban municipalities . It consists of the Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) through which the self-government of villages is realized. They are tasked with "economic development, strengthening social justice and implementation of Central and State Government Schemes including those 29 subjects listed in

602-465: The block development officer and serve different government administrative functions over the same or similar geographical area. Although they may on occasion share the same area with a subdivision of a revenue division, known as revenue blocks , the two are distinct. For example, Raipur district in Chhattisgarh state is administratively divided into 13 tehsils and 15 revenue blocks. Nevertheless,

645-442: The district , also sometimes translated as county . In neither case is the analogy very exact. Tehsildar is the chief or key government officer of each tehsil or taluka. In some states different nomenclature like talukdar, mamledar, amaldar, mandal officer is used. In many states of India, the tehsildar functions as the executive magistrate of that tehsil. Each tehsil will have an office called tehsil office or tehsildar office at

688-477: The 1901 census, the population decreased by 31% to 45,739; the town's population was 9,512 in that year. In 1901, the state enjoyed revenue estimated at £13,000, and paid a tribute of £640 to the British Raj. Its flag was a rectangular bicolor, orange over green. The Hindu ruling family was descended from Naik Nimbaji Nimbalkar (1284–1291). The ruler had the title of raja or Naik Nimbalkar. Maharani Sai Bhonsale ,

731-398: The 5 Krishnas. The city also has some ancient Jain temples of historic significance. As a tehsil, Phaltan has two sugar factories: New Phaltan Sugar Works Ltd., Sakharwadi and Shri Ram Sahakari Sakhar Karkhana Pvt. Ltd., Phaltan. Cummins India Ltd. has its 300-acre "mega-site" plant in Phaltan, which is being used to manufacture engines. The Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute

774-596: The Eleventh Schedule." Part IX of the Indian Constitution is the section of the Constitution relating to the Panchayats. It stipulates that in states or Union Territories with more than two million inhabitants there are three levels of PRIs: In states or Union Territories with less than two million inhabitants there are only two levels of PRIs. The Gram Panchayat consists of all registered voters living in

817-648: The Panchayat council and infrequent meetings of the Sarpanch have decreased the spread of information to villagers, leading to more state regulation. Many Panchayats have been successful in achieving their goals, through cooperation between different bodies and the political mobilization of previously underrepresented groups in India. There is an obstacle of literacy that many Panchayats face for engagement of villagers, with most development schemes being on paper. However, homes linked to

860-633: The Panchayati Raj System have seen an increase in participation for local matters. The reservation policy for women on the Panchayat councils have also led to a substantial increase in female participation and have shaped the focus of development to include more domestic household issues. In 1992, the 73rd amendment was passed, transforming the role of women in Panchayati raj. The 73rd amendment established reservation of one-third of seats for women in basic village councils. This reservation had led to

903-487: The area of a Gram Panchayat and is the organization through which village inhabitants participate directly in local government. Elections for the members of the Panchayats at all levels take place every five years. By federal law, the Panchayats must include members of Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in the same proportion as in the general population and at least one-third of all seats and chairperson posts must be reserved for women. Some states have increased

SECTION 20

#1732858662960

946-554: The area, a representative of the cooperative societies and one from marketing services), and some elected members. However, in Kerala , block panchayat members are directly elected, just like gram panchayat and district panchayat members. The Panchayat Samiti is elected for a term of five years and is headed by a chairman and a deputy chairman. The Panchayats, throughout the years, have relied on federal and state grants to sustain themselves economically. The absence of mandatory elections for

989-492: The basic units of local administration . Currently, the Panchayati Raj system exists in all states except Nagaland , Meghalaya , and Mizoram , and in all Union Territories except Delhi . Panchayati raj has its origins in India since Vedic period (1700 BCE). Since Vedic times, the village (gram) in the country is considered as the basic unit for regional self-administration. Mahatma Gandhi advocated Panchayati Raj as

1032-541: The block level, and Zila Parishad at the district level. On 24 April 1993, the Constitutional (73rd amendment) Act of 1992 came into force in India to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions. This amendment was extended to Panchayats in the tribal areas of eight states, namely: Andhra Pradesh , Gujarat , Himachal Pradesh , Maharashtra , Madhya Pradesh , Odisha , and Rajasthan beginning on 24 December 1996. This amendment contains provisions for

1075-683: The block panchayat has the same form as the gram panchayat but at a higher level. Membership in the block panchayat is mostly ex-official ; it is composed of: all of the Sarpanchas (gram panchayat chairmen) in the Panchayat Samiti area, the MPs and MLAs of the area, the Sub-District Officer (SDO) of the sub-division, co-opt members (representatives of the SCs, STs and women), associate members (a farmer from

1118-400: The bureaucracy was all male dominated, Gandhi hoped that Panchayati raj could be the framework for a free Indian political order. As a promoter of liberalism, he proposed gram swaraj, or self-contained and autonomous villages, to give women the most rights. The 73rd amendment  was also resisted because reservation of seats meant that high caste people had to accept marginal caste women into

1161-413: The chairpersons/presidents at the intermediate and district levels are elected indirectly from among the elected members. At the village level, the chairperson/president is elected as determined by the state government. Some states use direct elections, while others use indirect elections (elected from among the members) to choose the chairperson of the gram panchayat. For the purpose of representation,

1204-413: The devolution of powers and responsibilities to the panchayats, both for the preparation of economic development plans and social justice, as well as for implementation in relation to 29 subjects listed in the eleventh schedule of the constitution, and the ability to levy and collect appropriate taxes, duties, tolls and fees. The Act aims to provide a three-tier system of Panchayati Raj for all states having

1247-405: The first wife of the 17th century Maratha leader Shivaji , was from Phaltan. The last ruler of Phaltan was Major HH Raja Bahadur Shrimant Malojirao Mudhojirao Nanasaheb Naik Nimbalkar IV. Phaltan has an average elevation of 568 meters (1,863 feet). Phaltan's climate is an inland climate of Maharashtra. The temperature ranges from 15 to 45 °C (59 to 113 °F). Summer in Phaltan

1290-476: The foundation of India's political system, as a decentralized form of government in which each village would be responsible for its own affairs. The term for such a vision was Gram Swaraj ("village self-governance"). Instead, India developed a highly centralized form of government. However, this has been moderated by the delegation of several administrative functions to the local level, empowering elected gram panchayats. There are significant differences between

1333-443: The gram panchayats or village panchayats. These panchayats at all three levels have elected members from eligible voters of particular subdivisions. These elected members form the bodies which help the administration in policy-making, development works, and bringing grievances of the common public to the notice of the administration. Nayabat is the lower part of tehsil which have some powers like tehsil. It can be understood as tehsil

Phaltan - Misplaced Pages Continue

1376-795: The occasion of Dussehra . The system was gradually established all over India. The system was modified in 1992 with the 73rd constitutional amendment. The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee , headed by the Member of Parliament Balwantrai Mehta , was a committee appointed by the Government of India in January 1957 to examine the work of the Community Development Programme (1952) and the National Extension Service (1953), to suggest measures to improve their work. The committee's recommendation

1419-454: The rainy season. Winter starts in Phaltan from November to February. The winter temperatures are significantly higher compared to other cities in Maharashtra such as Pune and Nashik . Lowest temperatures range from 14–16 °C (57–61 °F), while highests are in the range of 29–32 °C (84–90 °F). Humidity is low in this season. Phaltan crosses a drought-prone area; a dry area

1462-429: The required minimum proportion for women to one-half. Jawaharlal Nehru inaugurated Panchayat at Nagaur on 2 October 1959. The day was selected on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday. Gandhi wanted Gram Swaraj through Panchayati Raj. The system was modified in 1992 with the 73rd constitutional amendment. In India, the Panchayati Raj now functions as a system of governance in which gram panchayats are

1505-452: The respective State Election Commission . Reservation of seats in Panchayati Raj Institutions is a mechanism to ensure representation of marginalized and underprivileged sections of society. These reservations typically include seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and women. The percentage of reserved seats varies from state to state based on demographic factors and social considerations. The sarpanch (head of five)

1548-548: The term tehsil is commonly used in all northern states . In Maharashtra , Gujarat , Goa , Karnataka , Kerala and Tamil Nadu , taluka or taluk is more common. In Eastern India , instead of tehsils, the term Subdivision is used in Bihar , Assam , Jharkhand and West Bengal , as well as large parts of Northeast India ( Manipur , Meghalaya , Mizoram , Sikkim and Tripura ). In Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland , they are called circle . Tehsil/tahsil and taluk/taluka and

1591-430: The traditional Panchayati Raj system, that was envisioned by Gandhi, and the system formalized in India in 1992. Jawaharlal Nehru inaugurated Panchayati at Nagaur on 2 October 1959. The day was selected on the occasion of Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday. Gandhi wanted Gram Swaraj through Panchayati Raj. Rajasthan was the first state to implement it. Nehru inaugurated Panchayat Raj in Andhra Pradesh on 11 October 1959 on

1634-801: The two are often conflated. India, as a vast country, is subdivided into many states and union territories for administrative purposes. Further divisions of these states are known as districts . These districts (zila/zilla) are again divided into many subdivisions , viz tehsils or taluks. These subdivisions are again divided into gram panchayats or village panchayats. Initially, this was done for collecting land revenue and administration purposes. But now these subdivisions are governed in tandem with other departments of government like education, agriculture, irrigation, health, police, etc. The different departments of state government generally have offices at tehsil or taluk level to facilitate good governance and to provide facilities to common people easily. In India,

1677-488: The variants are used as English words without further translation. Since these terms are unfamiliar to English speakers outside the subcontinent , the word county has sometimes been provided as a gloss , on the basis that a tehsil, like a county, is an administrative unit hierarchically above the local city, town, or village, but subordinate to a larger state or province. India and Pakistan have an intermediate level of hierarchy (or more than one, at least in parts of India):

1720-430: The village panchayat, block panchayat, and district panchayat are divided into constituencies/wards, each represented by an elected member. These members constitute the panchayat council. In some states, there are ex-officio members at the block or district level who are not elected members, such as MLAs , MPs , etc. The term of Panchayati Raj Institutions at all levels is 5 years, and elections to these are conducted by

1763-408: The village, block , and district levels and similar in nature. Zilla Parishad, Zila Parishad, Zilla Panchayat, District Panchayat, etc. Panchayat Samiti, Panchayat union, Mandal Parishad, Mandal Praja Parishad, Anchalik Panchayat, Janpad Panchayat, Kshetra Panchayat, Taluka Panchayat, etc. Gram Panchayat, Gaon Panchayat, etc. The members at all levels of Panchayati Raj are elected directly, and

Phaltan - Misplaced Pages Continue

1806-606: The year 1964 by the passage of the West Bengal Zilla Parishad Act in 1963. It consisted of The 3 tier panchayat system was inaugurated in June 1973 by the West Bengal Panchayat Act passed that year. It consists of In different parts of India, the levels of panchayati raj institutions might have different names because of the various languages spoken and cultural differences. However, they usually represent

1849-403: Was implemented by NDC in January 1958, and this set the stage for the launching of Panchayati Raj Institutions throughout the country. The committee recommended the establishment of the scheme of ‘democratic decentralization’, which finally came to be known as Panchayati Raj. This led to the establishment of a three-tier Panchayati Raj system: Gram Panchayat at the village level, Panchayat Samiti at

#959040