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20-669: In 1518 Juan de Grijalva 's expedition spotted the river, naming it Río de Alvarado. The Papaloapan rises in the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca on the border between the states of Veracruz and Oaxaca . It is formed where the Santo Domingo River and the Valle Nacional River join to the southwest of San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec in Oaxaca . The Tonto River is another major tributary. The Papaloapan meanders for 122 km (76 mi) in

40-531: A different route to Havana from a separate station in the barrio of Versalles. Matanzas is also served by Viazul and Astro buses. After two failed attempts Matanzas had a tramway in 1916 (initially as Ferrocarril Eléctrico de Matanzas , then as city owned Compañía de Servicios Públicos de Matanzas in 1918 and Compañía de Tranvías de Matanzas in 1926). In 1952 it acquired tramcars from Havana Electric Railway , but converted with buses by new owners Omnibus Urbanos SA in 1954. The Via Blanca highway connects

60-575: A hill called Pan de Matanzas , divided from the Atlantic coast by the Yumuri Valley and a coastal ridge. The city of Matanzas is divided into four neighborhoods: Versalles, Matanzas, Playa and Pueblo Nuevo . The municipality is divided into the barrios of Bachicha, Bailén, Barracones, Bellamar, Camarioca, Cárcel, Ceiba Mocha, Colón, Corral Nuevo, Guanábana, Ojo de Agua, Refugio, San Luis, San Severino, Simpson y Monserrate, Versalles and Yumurí. In 2022,

80-522: A northeasterly direction through the coastal plain before draining into Alvarado Lagoon . The river basin covers 46,517 km (17,960 sq mi), the second largest in Mexico, and contains 244 municipalities with a population of about 3.3 million people. The cities of San Juan Bautista Tuxtepec and Tlacotalpan (Veracruz) are situated on the banks of the Papaloapan. In the past the Papaloapan river basin

100-648: The Guaniguanico in Cuba, Grijalva sailed along the Mexican coast, discovered Cozumel on 3 May 1518, and arrived on 8 June 1518 at the Tabasco region in southern Mexico. The Río Grijalva in Mexico was named after him. He was also the first Spaniard to encounter Moctezuma II 's delegation. One of the natives joined them, being baptized as Francisco, and became an interpreter on Cortes' expedition. Bernal Díaz del Castillo wrote about

120-506: The Matanzas slave population at 104,519. Matanzas was the site of several slave insurrections and plots, including the infamous Escalera conspiracy ( es ) (discovered in late 1843, see also Year of the Lash ). Due to the high number of both slaves and, importantly, free Afro-Cubans in Matanzas, the retention of African traditions is especially strong there. In 1898, Matanzas became the location of

140-478: The birthplace of the music and dance traditions danzón and rumba . Matanzas was founded in 1693 as San Carlos y San Severino de Matanzas . This followed a royal decree (" real cédula ") issued on September 25, 1690, which decreed that the bay and port of Matanzas be settled by 30 families from the Canary Islands . Matanzas was one of the regions that saw intensive development of sugar plantations during

160-454: The capital Havana and 32 kilometres (20 mi) west of the resort town of Varadero . Matanzas is called the City of Bridges , for the seventeen bridges that cross the three rivers that traverse the city (Rio Yumuri, San Juan, and Canimar). For this reason it was referred to as the "Venice of Cuba." It was also called "La Atenas de Cuba" ("The Athens of Cuba") for its poets. Matanzas is known as

180-461: The city of Trinidad . According to municipal historian Arnaldo Jimenez de la Cal, "[i]t was the first act of rebellion of natives in Cuba." The city is located on the north shore of the island of Cuba, on all three sides of the Bay of Matanzas. The bay cuts deep in the island, and three rivers flow in the bay inside city limits (Rio Yumuri, San Juan, and Canimar). To the south-east, the landscape rises into

200-455: The colonial era. Consequently, many African slaves were imported to support the sugar industry, particularly during the first half of the nineteenth century. For example, in 1792 there were 1900 slaves in Matanzas, roughly 30% of its population. In 1817, the slave population of Matanzas had grown to 10,773, comprising nearly 50% of the overall population. By 1841, 53,331 slaves made up 62.7% of the population of Matanzas. Census figures for 1859 put

220-665: The drainage capacity of the Papaloapan river was being reduced by silt carried by the Santo Domingo river. Construction of the Cerro de Oro Dam in 1989 on the Santo Domingo river reduced the extent of floods to a manageable level. The states of Oaxaca and Veracruz are cooperating in developing the river basin. Plans include irrigation to improve agricultural production, promotion of forestry and fish farming and improvements to roads and river navigation. The planned projects will be designed to avoid ecological damage. Environmental damage has been

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240-485: The first action in the Spanish–American War . The city was bombarded by American Navy vessels on 25 April 1898, just after the beginning of the war. The name Matanzas means " massacre " and refers to a putative slaughter in 1510 at the port of the same name, in which 30 Spanish soldiers tried to cross one of the rivers to attack an aboriginal camp on the far shore. The Spanish soldiers had no boats, so they enlisted

260-508: The help of native fishermen . However, once they reached the middle of the river, the fishermen flipped the boats, and due to the Spanish soldiers' heavy metal armor, most of them drowned. Only two women—one said to be the beautiful María de Estrada—survived, the result of being taken by a Cacique . De Estrada is said to have later escaped the "power of the Cacique" and married Pedro Sánchez Farfán in

280-417: The municipality of Matanzas had a population of 163,631. With a total area of 317 km (122 sq mi), it has a population density of 520/km (1,300/sq mi). Matanzas is served by Juan Gualberto Gómez Airport , 15 km east of the city. The city has two railway stations. The main station is on the main line from Havana to Santiago de Cuba . The electrified Hershey train operates by

300-537: The subject of considerable study. 18°42′N 95°38′W  /  18.700°N 95.633°W  / 18.700; -95.633 This article about a location in the Mexican state of Veracruz is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in Mexico is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Juan de Grijalva Juan de Grijalva ( Spanish: [xwan de ɣɾiˈxalβa] ; c. 1490 – 21 January 1527)

320-540: The travels of Juan de Grijalva in his book Historia de las Indias. . According to W H Prescott's "Conquest of Mexico," Grijalva was the first Spaniard to bring back word of the plentiful gold hoard of the Aztecs, inflaming passions for conquest. In 1518 Hernán Cortés stayed at Juan's home in Trinidad, Cuba , at the start of his Mexican expedition. He recruited men there, including the five Alvarado brothers. Juan de Grijalva

340-426: Was Antón de Alaminos , the other pilots were Juan Álvarez (also known as el Manquillo ), Pedro Camacho de Triana , and Grijalva. Other members included Francisco de Montejo , Pedro de Alvarado , Juan Díaz , Francisco Peñalosa , Alonso de Ávila, Alonso Hernández, Julianillo , Melchorejo , and Antonio Villafaña . They embarked from the port of Matanzas , Cuba , with four ships on 8 April 1518. After rounding

360-502: Was a Spanish conquistador , and a relative of Diego Velázquez . He went to Hispaniola in 1508 and to Cuba in 1511. He was one of the early explorers of the Mexican coastline, and was killed by natives in Honduras on 21 January 1527. In 1518, Grijalva became one of the first to explore the shores of Mexico . According to Hernán Cortés , 170 people went with him, but according to Pedro Mártir , there were 300 people. The main pilot

380-476: Was killed by natives in Honduras on 21 January 1527. Matanzas Matanzas (Cuban Spanish pronunciation: [maˈtansas] ; Lucumi : Ayá Áta ) is the capital of the Cuban province of Matanzas . Known for its poets, culture, and Afro-Cuban folklore , it is located on the northern shore of the island of Cuba , on the Bay of Matanzas (Spanish Bahia de Matanzas ), 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of

400-568: Was subject to frequent flooding, with the damage sometimes compounded by cyclones. A particularly severe flood in September 1944 covered 470,000 hectares (1,200,000 acres ), with great loss of life and property. The Miguel Alemán Dam on the Tonto river reduced the problem, but further floods occurred after it had been completed in 1955. A flood in 1958 covered 195,000 ha (480,000 acres) and one in 1969 covered 340,000 ha (840,000 acres). Meanwhile,

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