35-619: The Pan Island Expressway (Abbreviated as: PIE ) is the oldest and longest expressway in Singapore . It is also Singapore's longest road. The expressway runs from the East Coast Parkway near Changi Airport in the east to Tuas in the west and has a total length of 42.8 kilometres (26.6 miles). Initially conceived by the Public Works Department in the 1960s as part of road expansions for handling rising traffic volumes, work on
70-734: A higher, faster ramp that eventually bears left, but may be built as a right or left exit. A cloverleaf or partial cloverleaf contains some 270 degree loops, which can slow traffic and can be difficult to construct with multiple lanes. Where all such turns are replaced with flyovers (perhaps with some underpasses) only 90 degree turns are needed, and there may be four or more distinct levels of traffic. Depending upon design, traffic may flow in all directions at or near open road speeds (when not congested). For more examples, see Freeway interchange . A pedestrian overpass allows traffic to pass without affecting pedestrian safety. Railway overpasses are used to replace level crossings (at-grade crossings) as
105-526: A junction with the Ayer Rajah Expressway at Tuas Road. The PIE was initially conceived by the Public Works Department as part of plans to expand Singapore's road network in the 1960s to cope with a predicted large rise in traffic volume over the next two decades. It was the result of a four-year planning study conducted in 1967 by the Singaporean government and foreign planning consultants. The study
140-908: A new flyover along the PIE near to the current exit 32, and a road junction underneath it in order to connect the new Tengah town's Tengah Boulevard to the PIE and Jurong, in addition to widening the PIE between the Hong Kah and Bukit Batok flyovers. The LTA announced in September 2024 that slip roads between PIE (Changi) and Tengah Boulevard would be opened on 5 October 2024, and that the aforementioned flyover and road interchange would be ready by 2028. 1°19′36″N 103°49′44″E / 1.3267638°N 103.8287954°E / 1.3267638; 103.8287954 Expressways of Singapore The expressways of Singapore are special roads that allow motorists to travel quickly from one urban area to another. Construction of
175-427: A normal expressway when originally conceptualised. Like all other global controlled-access expressway network, there are no traffic lights on the expressways. At an interchange with another road, an expressway is connected to it via slip roads. This allows traffic to change routes without having to stop or slow down. Due to the need to conserve space in land-scarce Singapore, there are no cloverleaf interchanges on
210-581: A road only) in the United Kingdom and some other Commonwealth countries, is a bridge , road , railway or similar structure that is over another road or railway. An overpass and underpass together form a grade separation . Stack interchanges are made up of several overpasses. The world's first railroad flyover was constructed in 1843 by the London and Croydon Railway at Norwood Junction railway station to carry its atmospheric railway vehicles over
245-506: Is reserved for stops due to breakdowns and emergencies, and motorists are prohibited by law from travelling on it. Lanes are numbered from right to left, with lane 1 being the closest to the median. Crash barriers , cat's eyes and rumble strips are also used to ensure road safety. There are signs marking the start and end of an expressway at its entry and exit points respectively. The expressways are also assigned route codes consisting three letters that form their respective initials, making
280-477: The Brighton Main Line . In North American usage, a flyover is a high-level overpass, built above main overpass lanes, or a bridge built over what had been an at-grade intersection . Traffic engineers usually refer to the latter as a grade separation . A flyover may also be an extra ramp added to an existing interchange, either replacing an existing cloverleaf loop (or being built in place of one) with
315-560: The Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway and curving northwest, before heading west and running along the southern edge of Toa Payoh . From Toa Payoh, the expressway runs along the northern edge of Bukit Timah, curving southwest to meet the Bukit Timah Expressway , before heading west once again at Clementi Avenue 6. The PIE then travels along the northern edges of Clementi , Jurong East and Jurong West before ending at
350-617: The 16.4-kilometre (10.2-mile) section of the expressway between Mount Pleasant Road and Jalan Boon Lay. By the early 1990s, the expressway was handling considerable traffic but experienced traffic congestion during peak hours. To alleviate this, portions of the PIE, such as the Woodsville interchange and the intersection with the Central Expressway, were upgraded in May 1991 at a cost of $ 180 million. In addition, service roads were constructed along
385-684: The Marina Coastal Expressway, the Kallang–Paya Lebar Expressway which runs for 12 km, 9 km of which are 10 metres underground, was started in 2001 and a 3 km section linking the Pan Island Expressway and East Coast Parkway was opened in late 2007. The Kallang–Paya Lebar Expressway was completed on 20 September 2008. Construction of the 11th expressway, the North–South Corridor , originally conceptualised as
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#1732852062591420-574: The North-South Expressway, was announced on 30 January 2008. The new 21.5-kilometre expressway will cost about S$ 7.47 billion when fully completed by 2029 and will connect the East Coast Parkway with the northern parts of Singapore. In 2016, the Land Transport Authority announced that the North–South Corridor will be Singapore’s first integrated transport corridor featuring continuous bus lanes and cycling trunk routes, rather than
455-557: The PIE commenced in 1964. The first section, Jalan Toa Payoh, was completed by 1969. Construction of the other segments of the expressway were carried out in the 1970s. The initial expressway, from Jalan Boon Lay to the East Coast Parkway, was completed in June 1982. The PIE was then realigned and extended further westward to Tuas between 1991 and 1993. By the 1990s, the expressway was able to handle large amounts of traffic. The expressway and
490-484: The Pan Island Expressway, is only 41 km (25 mi) long and therefore has no rest areas . Singaporean expressways are the only highway network in Singapore with their own route codes. They are assigned with three-letter codes named after their respective initials where the last letter is always E; for example, PIE for the Pan Island Expressway . The only exception is the East Coast Parkway (ECP) whose
525-462: The Singaporean expressway network as the only highway system with route coding system. The Expressway Monitoring and Advisory System is used on all the expressways—cameras are used for live monitoring of expressway conditions, and LED signboards display information messages, such as warnings of any disruptions to the normal flow of traffic, as well as estimated travel times. The longest expressway,
560-541: The eastern section of the ORRS, some of Bukit Timah Road, the southern section of the Jurong Island Highway and the western sections of Nicoll Highway and West Coast Highway. However, much like with the expressways, semi-expressways allow motorists to travel quickly from one urban area to another with the use of viaducts , overpasses and tunnels . Overpass An overpass , called an overbridge or flyover (for
595-483: The entire island as they are too large. Instead, traffic efficiency and land space are maximized by having traffic lights on terrestrial roads, as well as the usage of interchanges such as stack interchanges . The most common forms of highway-road or highway-highway intersections are single-point urban , diamond , and trumpet interchanges . Newer expressways such as the Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway and
630-504: The expressway near Toa Payoh and at the Woodsville interchange. Work began on an 8-kilometre (5.0-mile) extension of the expressway from Hong Kah Circle to Tuas in October 1991, with a northward realignment and extension of the expressway from Hong Kah Circle to Pioneer Road North. Intended to serve as a connection to the Jurong industrial estate and Jurong West, the extension cost $ 81.3 million and
665-486: The expressway. As well, the Eng Neo, Chantek and Anak Bukit Flyovers were structurally expanded. The widened portions were progressively opened to traffic from July 2013. In July 2019, PIE Exit 26A (Dunearn & Clementi Rd), known for its exit being on the right instead of being sited at the left, began construction for relocation of its exit to be relocated on the left as many faced confusion and some being unable to filter to
700-555: The expressways and are deployed from 7am to 12am. Certain types of transport, such as pedestrians , bicycles , and learner drivers , are not allowed. Singapore also has five semi-expressways: Bukit Timah Road , Jurong Island Highway , Nicoll Highway , the Outer Ring Road System (ORRS) and West Coast Highway . These semi-expressways are scaled down versions of expressways, without a uniform speed limit. Some sections still feature traffic light controlled junctions, such as
735-673: The first expressway, the Pan Island Expressway , started in 1966. As of 2014 , there are 163 kilometres (101 mi) of expressways in Singapore. The Singaporean expressway networks are connected with Malaysian expressway networks via Ayer Rajah Expressway (connects with the Second Link Expressway in Malaysia ) and Bukit Timah Expressway (connects with the Johor Bahru Eastern Dispersal Link Expressway via Johor–Singapore Causeway ). Construction of
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#1732852062591770-419: The future North South Corridor uses on-ramps and off-ramps to conserve space even further and minimize disruption to the road system, through the construction of viaducts and tunnels. The road surface is asphalt , unlike normal roads which may have concrete surfaces. The lanes are separated with white dashed lines, while unbroken white lines are used to mark the edges of the median and shoulder . The shoulder
805-516: The interchanges along its route were expanded in the 1990s and 2000s to alleviate traffic congestion. The Pan Island Expressway measures 42.8 kilometres (26.6 miles) and is the longest expressway in Singapore. Beginning at a junction with the East Coast Parkway near Changi Airport , the expressway runs northwest to intersect the Tampines Expressway . It then curves southwest, passing through Tampines , Bedok and Geylang before intersecting
840-405: The last letter is other than E. The default speed limit and National Speed Limits on Singapore expressways is 90 km/h (56 mph), but in certain areas a lower speed limit such as 80 km/h (50 mph) or 70 km/h (43 mph) is applied, especially in large urban areas, tunnels, heavy traffic and crosswinds. Speed traps are also deployed by the Singapore police at many places along
875-455: The rightmost lane to exit, thereby missing the exit. The new relocated exit on the left opened to public on 28 May 2023, with a new vehicular underpass being built to integrate traffic seamlessly back to Jln Anak Bukit, where the old exit leads to. Despite the process of the relocation construction, there were no diversions or delay of traffic. On 29 September 2020, the LTA announced that it would build
910-467: The second phase of the PIE begins. Opened by: Mr John Chen Seow Phun, Minister of State for Communications The latest expressway completed is the 5 km Marina Coastal Expressway (MCE), which links the East Coast Parkway and Kallang-Paya Lebar Expressway to Marina South and Ayer Rajah Expressway and includes Singapore's first undersea tunnel. Construction started in 2008 and the expressway opened to traffic 29 December 2013. Prior to construction of
945-443: The system was authorized when construction of the Pan Island Expressway began in 1962. All of them are dual carriageways with grade-separated access . They usually have three to four lanes in each direction, although there are two-lane carriageways at many expressway intersections and five-lane carriageways in some places. There are currently ten expressways and studies about the feasibility of more are ongoing. Construction on
980-430: The time. With the completion of two flyovers across Aljunied Road and Paya Lebar Road in June 1982—three months ahead of schedule—the PIE was fully opened. Upon its opening, the Pan Island Expressway had a positive impact on traffic flow in certain areas by alleviating traffic, as was reported by a preliminary Public Works Department study in October 1981. From 1983 to 1984, two lanes, one in each direction, were added to
1015-507: Was built. On 10 January 1981, the 10-kilometre (6.2-mile) segment of the PIE between Jalan Eunos and the East Coast Parkway was officially opened by Teh Cheang Wan , the then Minister of National Development, having cost $ 50 million to construct. The section of the expressway between Upper Bukit Timah and Corporation Road was opened soon after on 31 January 1981 by Lee Yiok Seng, the Parliamentary Secretary of National Development at
1050-453: Was cleared to make way for the expressway. In January 1975, the section of the expressway between Jalan Eunos and Kallang Bahru was completed, and Jalan Kolam Bahru, between Kallang Bahru and Woodsville Circus, was improved to form a part of the expressway. The section between Adam Road and Jalan Anak Bukit was opened in October 1976 and construction of the eastern part of the PIE, between Jalan Eunos and Changi Airport , started in 1976. Work
1085-464: Was completed in June 1969 and the segment between Woodsville Circus and Jalan Eunos, named Jalan Kolam Ayer and Paya Lebar Way, was completed by 1970. Work on the 8-mile (13 km) long section between Jalan Anak Bukit and Thomson Road began in March 1970. During the construction of this section of the expressway, rocks had to be excavated near Adam Road. Also, Kampong Chantek Bahru, off of Bukit Timah Road ,
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1120-422: Was finished in March 2006. Plans to connect the PIE together with Bedok North Avenue 3 were planned since September 2005, with construction began in May 2006 and completed on 29 November 2008, which provides a direct connection from Bedok to the PIE, after complaints over many years. Beginning July 2011, the stretch of the PIE between Clementi Avenue 6 and Adam Road was widened; one lane was added to both sides of
1155-502: Was funded by the United Nations Development Programme . Intended to connect Singapore's satellite towns and industrial estates, it would act as the main connector between the parts of Singapore and would handle high traffic volumes. Construction of the PIE started in 1964 and took place in four phases. Jalan Toa Payoh, a 2-mile (3.2 km) long segment of the expressway between Thomson Road and Woodsville Circus,
1190-496: Was opened in December 1993. The original alignment of the PIE became the present-day Jurong West Avenue 2. As the amount of traffic using the KJE and PIE to the Jurong industrial estate increased, the Land Transport Authority upgraded the stretch of the PIE between Tengah Flyover and Tuas Road to a four-lane dual carriageway from the previous three lanes. The work started in March 2004 and
1225-520: Was started in November 1977 to expand Whitley Road to six lanes, along with the construction of a grade-separated interchange to link it with the PIE. The section of the expressway between Adam Road and Whitley Road was completed by 1978 and was opened to traffic in 1979. Construction from Jalan Anak Bukit to Boon Lay Road was started in 1978. To connect this section to the rest of the PIE, a $ 15.2 million viaduct over Jalan Anak Bukit and Upper Bukit Timah Road
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