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49-575: On grounds of precedence, Pallas is related to an educational institution of arts founded in Tartu in 1919. During the period from 1919 to 1960 Tartu Art College has existed as secondary and higher education institution under many names. In 1997 the Tartu Art School established a programme in Photography. The architect of the initial curriculum and the director of the program was Vallo Kalamees. Since 2000,

98-484: A classroom. There he listened to lectures and learnt new information about birds. After some time, he became a part of the university family. Of course, the story consists of an imaginary tale, as Tiksu can speak and communicate with humans, but easily gets the message of the university across: the interest of their students for knowledge and life. The university was originally founded as the Academia Gustaviana in

147-613: A constitution for Europe. The initiative's main aim was to identify and designate sites which have played a key role in building a united Europe and to see those sites through a European, rather than national, viewpoint. The intergovernmental initiative connected both EU member states and non-member states such as Switzerland. The participating countries’ heritage agencies awarded the Label to sites with cross-border or pan-European character. The countries chose their own cultural assets, whether physical sites or more abstract traditions, meaning that

196-593: A decade after being reconstituted, as a result of the coalition against Sweden (Russia, Denmark-Norway , and Saxony-Poland-Lithuania) and the Great Famine of 1695–1697 , the university moved from Tartu to Pärnu . Eventually, Academia Gustavo-Carolina, which had opened in Pärnu on 28 August 1699, was closed as a result of the surrender of Pärnu to Russian forces on 12 August 1710 during the Great Northern War . According to

245-559: A half-German university ceased with the rise of nationalist tendencies in Russia, which held homogenization more important than retaining a bilingual university. Between 1882 and 1898, russification in language, appointments, etc., was imposed, with some exceptions (such as the Divinity School, which the state feared would be used by the Orthodox clergy to teach dangerous Protestant views and

294-413: A month, and the gallery often hosts workshops and seminars. University of Tartu The University of Tartu ( UT ; Estonian : Tartu Ülikool ; Latin : Universitas Tartuensis ) is a public research university located in the city of Tartu , Estonia . It is the national university of Estonia. It is also the largest and oldest university in the country. The university was founded under

343-518: A number of venture capital money raised by the unicorn startups founded by its alumni. According to the university, as of 2016, Tartu alumni account for 100% of Estonian judges; 99% of Estonian doctors, dentists, and pharmacists; 95% of Estonian judicial prosecutors; 87% of members of the Estonian Bar Association; 60% of the ministers in the Estonian government ; and 40% of the members of

392-429: A virtual dressing room, was originally developed in cooperation with researchers of UT Institute of Technology. UT encourages its students and scholars to develop an entrepreneurial mindset and apply their knowledge to the economy. The university has set a goal to integrate entrepreneurship courses into every curriculum. "The UT's academic structure consists of the institutes and colleges of four faculties (valdkond) and

441-605: Is a member of the international professional organization European Textile Networks and cooperates with the Estonian Association of Textile Artists as well as with the higher education institutions teaching specialty of textiles and fashion in Estonia or worldwide, and with the entrepreneurs in the field. Since 2000, the Department of Textile is chaired by Professor [Aet Ollisaar] (born 1966). Pallas University of Applied Sciences

490-430: Is a professional higher education institution. The persons who have completed professional higher education studies are awarded a diploma certifying the completion of the study program. At Pallas, students can study in state-commissioned or on tuition student places. It is also possible to study in non-state-commissioned external and practitioner student places. Tartu Art College opened their own art gallery in 2009. As

539-439: Is called Tiksu, and behind it unravels a rather interesting story. It is said that Tiksu, depicted as a blue bird, hatched at sunrise and was given a thirst for learning new things. In this way, it symbolizes knowledge and intelligence. Later on, Tiksu is said to have met an ornithologist who also gave lectures at a university. Thus, one day the little bird followed his new friend to the place where he worked and managed to get inside

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588-640: The Riigikogu (Estonian Parliament). The University of Tartu has around 1,800 international students from 90 countries. The vast majority come from Ukraine, Russia, and Finland. In the Erasmus programme for student exchange, the University of Tartu cooperates with more than 800 universities. The university has also received good reviews from foreign students and an International Student Satisfaction Award based on student feedback. The University of Tartu participates in

637-684: The Soviet occupation . During Soviet rule, although Estonian remained the principal language of instruction, some courses were taught in Russian, with several Russian curricula. Estonia regained independence in 1991, and the full recovery of academic autonomy of the university can be dated to 1992 with the introduction of financial and academic strategic planning. Presently, no courses are taught in Russian. The last decade has been marked by organizational and structural changes, as well as adaptations to various university models (American, Scandinavian, German) against

686-450: The 17th century, the future outstanding Swedish scholars Urban Hiärne , Olof Verelius , Arvid Moller  [ sv ] , and others studied at the university. Among the academic staff were Friedrich Menius  [ sv ] , professor of history (the history of Livonia , the first scientific approach to Estonian folklore) and Georg Mancelius , professor of theology (author of the first Latvian -German dictionary in 1638 ). With

735-490: The 30 German-language universities, of which 23 were inside the German Empire , Dorpat was the 11th in size. In teaching, the university educated the local Baltic German leadership and professional classes, as well as staff, especially for the administration and health system of the entire Russian Empire . In scholarship, it was an international university; the time between 1860 and 1880 was its "golden age". The freedom to be

784-410: The Department of Painting was chaired by Professor Heli Tuksam (born 1956). Since 2018, the department is led by Kaspar Tamsalu (born 1988) In 1997 The Tartu Art School established the Department of Computer Graphics, headed by Are Tralla. The curriculum of the department is divided into four major fields: print media, media design, interactive design and 3D design in a digital environment. Since 2008,

833-477: The Department of Photography is chaired by Professor Peeter Linnap PhD (born 1960) In 1997 The Tartu Art School established a programme called Painting and Wall Paintings’ Restoration; its traditions were founded by Heli Tuksam. In 2015 the Department of Painting was closed at the University of Tartu and as of 2016 the Department of Paintings at Tartu Art College was renamed to Department of Painting. In 2000-2018,

882-477: The Department of the media and Advertisement Design is led by Jaanus Eensalu (born 1964). The main goal of the Furniture and Restoration curriculum is to educate professional furniture designers and conservators. The curriculum has two main directions: furniture design and furniture restoration. Since 2006, the Department of Furniture is chaired by Jaak Roosi (born 1956). In 2000-2013 the Department of Leather design

931-790: The Estonian Marine Institute are located in the Estonian capital. Nearly a quarter of the whole Estonian university student population studies at the University of Tartu. While most of the curricula are taught in Estonian, a number of degree programmes have English as a medium of instruction. About 35% of UT's study courses are offered partly or fully online – as web-based courses in Moodle, video lectures, webinars, e-portfolios, and massive open online courses. Some 61 bachelor's and 86 master's programmes are available, including 30 programmes in English. The university offers 61 different curricula on

980-585: The LERU-CE7 (LERU and a group of Central-European universities), the European University Association EUA, Coimbra Group , The Guild of European Research Intensive Universities, and the Utrecht Network . It has signed bilateral co-operation agreements with about 70 universities. A statue of the formal founder of the University, King Gustav II Adolf of Sweden (also known as Gustavus Adolphus)

1029-665: The Swedish province of Livonia . It was the second university founded in the Swedish Empire , following Uppsala University (in Uppsala , Sweden proper) and preceding the Academy of Åbo (in Turku , Finland ). A precursor to the academy had been a Jesuit grammar school Gymnasium Dorpatense , founded by Stefan Batory (then king of Poland–Lithuania ) in 1583 and existing to 1601, when Tartu (Dorpat)

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1078-806: The University of Tartu 296st in the world in 2023, and the top-ranked university in the Baltics. The university is also ranked 3rd in the Emerging Europe and Central Asia region. The Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed it in the 251–300 range among world universities. It is the only university in the Baltic countries to place among the top 200 universities in Europe. UT belongs to top 1% of world's most cited universities in 10 research areas. University of Tartu also won first place in Central and Eastern Europe by

1127-508: The amount of 10.2 million euros. UT is one of the largest development partners for the private and public sector in the Baltics. The university also works closely with international businesses such as Swedbank, The Linde Group, Pfizer, ABB Corporate Research, SUPER APPLI Inc, Eesti Energia Group, Telia AS, and many more. UT has spun off more than 60 start-ups, including software companies Reach-U and Positium providing location-based solutions, biotechnology company Icosagen etc. The success story of

1176-472: The applications and recommends to the European Commission which sites should be awarded the label on the basis of an established set of criteria. Candidate sites must also submit a work plan. The following countries participate in the program: The sites currently holding the label are: The logo of the new European Heritage Label was selected following a competition held in 2012. The Label itself

1225-758: The bachelor's level, three bachelor's degree programmes are fully taught in English: University of Tartu has 86 study programmes on master's level. These programmes include 27 international master's programmes in English: Faculty of Medicine Around 120 doctoral degrees are defended annually, which make up more than half of the total number in Estonia. The University of Tartu has 1,130 doctoral students, around 30% of them international. The University of Tartu offers eight doctoral programmes, which are coordinated by faculty-based centres for doctoral studies. Each programme contains multiple specialities offered by

1274-555: The background of the Soviet and Baltic German past. Most recently, the university has been and is still being marked by the adaptation of the Bologna declaration in Estonia generally and Tartu specifically, leading to major changes in curricula and studies, as well as by strong organizational centralization attempts. Recent plans also include the abolition of the Chair system (an Americanization) and of

1323-466: The city as architectural monuments. In May 2023, the University of Tartu relaunched its virtual tour that has 360-degree photos of over 160 locations in the University campus. At the same time, numerous university buildings and student dormitories have been recently constructed or renovated, such as the Von Bock House . Many of the new buildings are built at Maarjamõisa (about 2 km southwest of

1372-618: The creation of today's Europe. The program is managed by the European Commission . The European Heritage Label started as an intergovernmental initiative between 17 individual EU member states during a meeting in Granada , Spain on 28 April 2006. Motivations for creating the initiative included the 2005 referendums in France and the Netherlands, which resulted in the two countries not ratifying

1421-560: The criteria for the Label varied per country. By 2010, 64 sites in 18 different participating countries had been awarded the intergovernmental label. On 20 November 2008, the Council adopted conclusions aimed at transforming the intergovernmental initiative into a Union action by inviting the Commission to submit to it a proposal for the creation by the Union of a European Heritage Label and to specify

1470-425: The faculties, which is supposed to lead to four large divisions (humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and medicine) under briefly serving deans and rector-appointed financial administrators. The university's four museums, botanical gardens, and sports facilities are, by and large, open to the general public. The university possesses 56 buildings, 11 of which are outside of Tartu; 31 of its buildings decorate

1519-566: The faculty. Doctoral studies are provided by the Faculty of Arts and Humanities, the Faculty of Social Sciences, the Faculty of Medicine, and the Faculty of Science and Technology. From the 2022/2023 academic year, doctoral student places will mainly be offered as state-funded junior research fellow positions. As the largest provider of continuing education in Estonia, the University of Tartu offers around 1,200 courses per year to more than 39,000 participants. The QS World University Rankings ranked

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1568-662: The fields of molecular and cell biology , laser medicine , materials science , laser spectroscopy , biochemistry , and psychology . UT is the flagship of Estonian science, ranking in the top 1% of the world's most-cited universities and research institutions in these fields (as of March 2018): UT accounts for 56% of Estonia's national research output. Also, more than half of the PhD theses in Estonia are defended at UT and over 2,000 high-level research articles (those covered by citation indices like "SCI Expanded", "SSCI", or "A&HCI") are published annually. About 50 UT scientists are among

1617-615: The foundation of Voronezh State University , which traces its own history back to the foundation of the University of Tartu and still holds several physical properties of the latter. Since Estonia became independent in 1918, the University of Tartu has been an Estonian-language institution since 1919. The university was named Ostland-Universität in Dorpat during the German occupation of Estonia in 1941–1944 and Tartu State University (Estonian: Tartu Riiklik Ülikool ) in 1940–1941 and 1944–1989, during

1666-607: The historical university centre), such as the Technology Institute, the Biomedical Center, the Chemistry building, and the new Physics building. Lectinology, the science of lectins , was founded at the University of Tartu in 1888 with the publication of Peter Hermann Stillmark 's thesis about the isolation of ricin . According to the university administration, the most remarkable recent research achievements have been in

1715-424: The label must have a symbolic European value and must have played a significant role in the history and culture of Europe and/or the building of the Union. They must therefore demonstrate one or more of the following: During the pre-selection stage, EU countries may choose up to two sites biennially, following which, at selection stage, a panel of 13 independent experts select and monitor the sites. The panel examines

1764-447: The largest exposition area in Tartu , it introduces and exhibits the works and activities of the departments, students and faculty of Pallas University of Applied Sciences to citizens and tourists alike. The exhibitions of Pallas' partner schools and visiting faculty are also displayed there. During its first year of operations, 143 00 people visited the gallery. Exhibitions change at least once

1813-661: The last 15 years is the technology for the ME-3 strain of Lactobacillus fermentum bacterium , allowing its use in the food industry. Student satellite ESTCube-1, developed collectively by UT staff and students, and successfully deployed into orbit in 2013, made Estonia the 41st space nation in the world. Scientists from UT and the Estonian University of Life Sciences have developed a new peat-based material that enables building inexpensive energy-efficient 3D-printed houses. The innovative robotic mannequin technology known as Rakuten Fits Me,

1862-593: The name of Academia Gustaviana in 1632 by Baron Johan Skytte , the Governor-General of Swedish Livonia , Ingria , and Karelia , with the required ratification provided by King Gustavus Adolphus , shortly before the king's death on 6 November in the Battle of Lützen (1632) . Nearly 14,300 students study at the university, of whom over 1,800 are foreigners. Most of the curriculum is instructed in Estonian. However, there are still 30 English-taught programs: three at

1911-594: The practical procedures for the implementation of the project. Public hearings and impact assessments were carried out, confirming the added value of EU involvement. In 2010, the European Commission announced the plans for the EU-wide scheme known as the European Heritage Label and it was officially established on 16 November 2011. Under the new Label, the first four sites were designated in 2013, with sixteen more designations following in 2014. Candidate sites for

1960-668: The re-establishment of the university in 1690 as the Academia Gustavo-Carolina , Tartu became a university town again. Academic staff of the new university included Sven Dimberg  [ sv ] , professor of mathematics (the first in the world to deliver lectures based on Newton's theory), Olof Hermelin  [ sv ] , professor of rhetoric and poetry, Lars Micrander  [ sv ] , professor of medicine (founder of balneology , and discoverer of natural mineral water springs) and Michael Dau , professor of philosophy as well as of rhetoric and poetry. Just under

2009-666: The terms of the capitulation, the Russians agreed to maintain the university in Pärnu. However, the university was only reopened in 1802 by the Baltic German Ritterschaften , when the new German-speaking University was relaunched and had its new charter confirmed by the reform-minded Tsar Alexander I of Russia . The university was reopened by the Baltic Germans in Estonia in April 1802. The language of instruction at Dorpat

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2058-400: The top 1% of the most-cited scientists in the world. UT has excelled among the Baltic universities in winning European Research Council grants. The prestigious ERC grant has been awarded to Professor of Molecular Systems Biology Mart Loog, Professor of Nanomedicine Tambet Teesalu, and Professor of International Law Lauri Mälksoo. University of Tartu has contracts with 154 business partners in

2107-750: The undergraduate level and 27 at the master's level, including the Erasmus Mundus program in Excellence in Analytical Chemistry. The historical buildings of the university are included in the European Heritage Label list as "embodiment of the ideas of a university in the Age of Enlightenment ". The university is a member of the Coimbra Group and the Utrecht Network . The mascot of the university

2156-505: The university’s institutions not affiliated to any faculty. The support structure of the university consists of 15 units." While mainly located in Tartu, the university also operates in Narva , Pärnu , Tallinn , and Viljandi . Narva and Pärnu Colleges are part of the Faculty of Social Sciences, Viljandi Culture Academy belongs to the Faculty of Arts and Humanities. The School of Law Tallinn office, University of Tartu Tallinn representation and

2205-412: Was German from 1802 to 1893. During that time, Dorpat had a dual nature in that it belonged both to the set of German(-language) and Russian universities. Financially and administratively, the latter was more important; intellectually and regarding the professoriate and students, the former was more important (over half the professors came from Germany , at least another third were Baltic Germans ). Among

2254-452: Was chaired by Professor Rutt Maantoa. In 2013-2019 the department was chaired by Maila Käos. Since September 2019, the department is chaired by Professor Rene Haljasmäe MA (born 1973). Instruction in the Department of Sculpture is based on classical art education. From 2011 to 2014, the Department of Sculpture was chaired by Jaan Luik (born 1953). Since 2014 the department is chaired by Anne Rudanovski (born 1964) The Department of Textile

2303-540: Was raised in 1928 on campus and remained until 1950 when it was removed by the Soviet occupation authorities. Another statue was raised in 1992 and was reopened by King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Silvia . The new statue was made by Elisabeth Tebelius-Myren. European Heritage Label The European Heritage Label is a recognition awarded by the European Union to buildings, documents, museums, archives, monuments, and events which are seen as milestones in

2352-503: Was thus allowed to continue in German until 1916). By 1898, when both the town and the university were renamed Yuryev, virtually all distinguished scholars from Germany had left. The University of Yuryev existed until 1918, when during part of the fall term, it was reopened, under German occupation , as Dorpat. Russian academic staff and students took refuge in Voronezh in Russia, giving rise to

2401-531: Was under Polish–Lithuanian rule. The first students matriculated between 20 and 21 April 1632. The opening ceremony of Academia Dorpatensis (Academia Gustaviana) took place on 15 October in the same year. The academy in Tartu functioned with philosophy, law, theology, and medical faculties enjoying the privileges of the University of Uppsala. On account of the Russian–Swedish war , the University of Tartu moved to Tallinn in 1656, and in 1665, it closed down. In

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