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39-647: Pallandri is a stronghold of the Sudhan tribe, which makes up the majority of the population of the tehsil. Pallandri was central for the violent anti government 1955 Poonch uprising , which was led by the Sudhans . The local Sudhans were angered by the removal of Sardar Ibrahim Khan , with an assassination attempt on Sher Ahmed Khan marking the beginning in February 1955. Pallandri is divided into four tehsils , Pallandri, Mong , Tarar Khel and Balouch , and Pallandri serves as

78-474: A fairly long time as they had never been reconciled to their rule by them, and there was first rebellion in 1837, after Sudhan people went in revolt against Sikh Empire, had captured hills from Sikhs, however Sudhans were defeated by Sikhs but survived as a strong tribe. In 1947, Sudhans were first to challenge Dogras. About 40,000–60,000 Sudhans were recruited and served in the British Indian Army during

117-609: A monumental role in the rebellion against the Dogra Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir . Spearheaded by Sardar Ibrahim Khan , they backed a movement supporting secession to Pakistan , which ultimately turned into an all-out revolt and later establishment of Azad Kashmir . A large number of Sudhan tribals had participated in World War I and World War II through the British Indian Army . They had thus obtained expertise in war and some number of arms, which emboldened them to stand against

156-660: Is Kandahar , Afghanistan . The majority of the Popalzai live in the southern areas of Afghanistan such as in Kandahar , Helmand or Uruzgan . Some members of the Popalzai tribe have migrated with their families to the European Union, North America, and Oceania. Notable members of the Popalzai tribe include Hamid Karzai and his extended family , Karim Popal, Naim Popal , and Khalida Popal . Notable people [ edit ] Abdul Ghani Baradar , co-founder and deputy leader of

195-566: Is jaffer Ali Khan school (Former KG school) run by sir Hameed(late). Moreover Mirpur University of Science MUST establish a campus in Palandri. Sudhan Sudhan (also known as Sudhozai Pathan or Saddozai Sudhan ) are one of the major tribes from the Poonch Division in Azad Kashmir with their population centered around Poonch and Sudhanoti , alongside a smaller population in

234-598: Is only present in greater detail in certain books written in the later half of the 20th and 21st centuries, which claim and form the basis of the 1300 invasion origin, with other contemporary and older oral traditions pointing towards different times, different origins, or giving vaguer details. Invasion of Sudhanoti in the 1300s Origin According to books written throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, such as "The Pearl String of Saddozais" by Sabir Hussain Sabir, Jassi Khan belongs to

273-566: Is the Sudhans who dominate the politics of Azad Kashmir in the present day, although the Gujjar community is estimated to be the largest among the population. On 4 October 1947, Azad Kashmir's First Government was established in Sudhanoti . Sudhanoti is the home and centre of the Sudhans. According to the sources, on 4 October 1947, Sudhanoti was the first area that was liberated from the continuation of

312-572: The Dogra authorities. The occurrence of the 1947 Jammu Massacres also served as motivation for the Muslims to revolt. Leveraging these advantages, Sardar Ibrahim Khan and his cause found much support from his tribe alongside other local Muslim tribes consisting of what is now Azad Kashmir . The Sudhans obtained further weaponry from the Pashtuns of FATA , prior to the breakout of rebellion. After rebellion

351-616: The First and Second World Wars. The Sadozai are a lineage of the Popalzai clan of the Abdali tribe of the ethnic Pashtun. The lineage takes its name from its ancestor, Sado Khan . Jassi Khan's Migration and Conquest According to some oral traditions, an Afghan chieftan named Jassi Khan is said to be the forefather of the Saddozai Sudhans, and a descendant of one Sadullah Khan. This origin

390-522: The Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad writes: The Sudhans claim their origin from Afghanistan and they consider themselves to be descendants of a common ancestor Jassi Khan, who was an Afghan chief and had earned the name of Sudhan (from Sanskrit, meanings "justice, fair and honest") as a compliment to his valour as he 500 years or so ago landed in Western parts of Poonch and fought for their existence, but

429-529: The Lahore government. Shams Khan, an influential zamindar of Poonch and headman of the Sudhans was the leader of the 1837 rebellion. After the prior successful conquest of Poonch, the local tribes of the region, including the Sudhans, had been pacified. From the Sudhans, Shams Khan was taken as a hostage and given to the care of Dhian Singh , who began to grow a liking for him. In the year 1836, he returned to Poonch and began to take charge once again. At around

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468-739: The Zirak confederation of Pashtun tribes . The origin of the Abdali forefathers of the Sadozai tribe is probably the Hephthalites . The forefathers of Ahmad Shāh Durrānī , the founder of the Durrani Empire , were from the Sadozai tribe which is a subtribe of the Popalzai. According to Mohan Lal , the Zirak line begins with Sulaiman Zirak Khan, who was the father of Popalzai, Barakzai , and Alakozai . The tribe's origin

507-466: The British, Gulab Singh was forced to address the issue of his cruelty. He claimed that the actions of him and his forces were vengeance for the treatment the rebels imposed upon Dogra garrisons, and that he had only flayed alive three ring-leaders, though the locals claimed otherwise. To appease the British, he requested an advisor by whose counsel he would avoid further tyrannical action. The Sudhans played

546-603: The Dogra regime in the areas of the present Azad Kashmir announced. So at that time on 4 October 1947, there was no parliamentary house in Sudhanoti from where the system of government could be run, so this temporary government structure was started from Moti Mahal in Rawalpindi. After that, this rebel revolutionary government prepared a 40-room parliamentary house at Sudhanoti's Chonjal Hill within twenty days, after which on 24 October 1947,

585-499: The Dogras. He was beheaded, alongside his nephew Rajwali. As a result, any remnants of the rebellion ended as the main leader of the Sudhans and the rebels was now dead. The heads of Shams and his nephew were later put in two cages of iron at the very top of the Adha Dek pass. The captured sardars Sabz Ali Khan and Malli Khan were flayed alive, alongside other commanders and notable members of

624-461: The Poonch district. Succeeding this, Pashtun lashkars arrived as reinforcements, alongside widespread collapse of Dogra authority in the territories of Azad Kashmir , which ultimately culminated in the Dogra Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir's secession to India and the subsequent Indo-Pakistani war of 1947–1948 . Sudhans played an immense role in the 1955 Poonch rebellion , who revolted against

663-458: The Sudhan stronghold of Mong , where the local Sudhans both dealt and received heavy casualties. Although the rebels temporarily pushed out occupying Dogra forces in some areas, with the aid of Sikh reinforcements, Gulab counterattacked and overwhelmed the rebels. Many Sudhan commanders and notables were captured, including two sardars (scions) Malli Khan and Sabz Ali Khan, whom alongside Shams were at

702-522: The Sudhans and began amassing their armies. Gulab Singh ordered his son Ottam Singh to suppress the revolt before it grew further in strength. Ottam Singh arrived with a Dogra force of five thousand troops, but was defeated by rebels commandeered by Shams and his lieutenants. The prince himself was able to escape with some remnants of the army, but now Poonch was laid bare to the rebels. Assaults over local forts began, resulting in great success. The garrisons were caught off-guard and ill-prepared, and fell to

741-412: The Sudhans and other rebellious tribes. As all ring leaders were now either dead or captured, any remaining insurgents now in hiding, alongside no remaining resistance, the conflict was concluded and Gulab withdrew his forces. Though the majority of the local populace of Poonch and the Sudhans had survived by taking refuge in the hills, they returned home to barren fields and ransacked homes, alongside

780-900: The Taliban Ahmad Shah Durrani , Founder of the Durrani Empire Ahmed Wali Karzai Hamid Karzai , President of Afghanistan 2001–2014 Khairullah Khairkhwa Jan Mohammad Khan Khan Mohammad Khan Ghulam Jilani Popal References [ edit ] ^ Giustozzi, Antonio (2012). Decoding the New Taliban: Insights from the Afghan Field (Reprinted ed.). Hurst Publishers. p. 197. ISBN   978-1-84904-226-0 . ^ Kurbanov, Aydogdy (2010). "The Hephthalites" . Refubium . Freie Universität Berlin. doi : 10.17169/refubium-12565 . ^ Life of

819-504: The appointment of Sher Ahmed Khan and dismissal of Sardar Ibrahim Khan . The violent anti government protestors demanded regional autonomy, especially in the administration and for budgets. The Baral Agreement was an agreement between the Government of Pakistan and rebellious Sudhan tribes signed on 20 December 1956 following the 1955 uprising. Together with the Dhunds & Rajputs . It

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858-488: The attacking rebel armies. Some soldiers of the garrisons, whom had previously treated the locals with cruelty were cut-up with their corpses fed to dogs. Following the defeats, Gulab Singh quickly forced the Yusufzai into peace, and then marched to Kahuta , where he raised an army of eight thousand regular infantry and twelve thousand irregulars. Though Gulab had raised a sizeable and professional army, he chose not to engage

897-606: The branching of the Abdal dynasty into the Popal (founder of the Popalzai; spelled 'Fofal' in figure), Barak (founder of the Barakzai ), and Alako (founder of the Alakozai ) line. (The fourth branch, Achakzai , is missing.) Popalzai or Popalzay ( Pashto : پوپلزی ), also known as Popal , are Durrani (formerly called Abdali or Bor Tareen ) Pashtuns of Afghanistan . The Popalzai are part of

936-411: The deaths or disappearances of many relatives, including non-combatants and those who had nothing to do with the rebellion. The cruelty shown by the Dogra forces was not forgotten, with British contemporaries being appalled at the treatment of the rebellious tribes and the people of Poonch as a whole by Gulab. In 1846, after the Dogra Kingdom of Jammu and Kashmir was created and became a princely state of

975-473: The 💕 Durrani Pashtun tribe Popalzai پوپلزی [REDACTED] Coronation of Ahmad Shah Durr-i-Durrān by Abdali chiefs at Kandahar in 1747 Ethnicity Pashtun Location Afghanistan Parent tribe Zirak ( Durrani ) Branches Sadozai Language Pashto Religion [REDACTED] Islam [REDACTED] Pedigree of King Dost Mohammad Khan , Emir of Afghanistan. Figure shows

1014-464: The head of both the tribe and the rebellion. Thus the remaining rebels had also lost key leaders. To spread terror throughout the ranks of the rebels, Gulab Singh devastated all captured territories, permitting total plunder and terror in great excess. He also set a reward of five rupees for the head of every insurgent and anyone that was connected to him, regardless of age or gender. The remaining rebels were outmatched both in number and arms. Realizing

1053-444: The headquarters of Sudhanoti . Jinjahell was the first capital of Azad Kashmir and is about 20 Kilometers away from Pallandri. It is at an elevation of 1372 meters and is 97 km (60 mi) from Rawalpindi via Azad Pattan. The district is connected to Rawalakot by a 64-kilometre (40 mi) metaled road. For a town as small Pallandri, it has a lot of educational institutions. It has more than 50 colleges and schools. Some of

1092-441: The hopelessness of the situation, the rebellion collapsed as the rebels raced to protect their own families. Though the majority of the local population managed to escape Gulab's forces by taking refuge in nearby hills, their homes were looted, fields destroyed and cattle seized. Those who could not escape were either massacred or enslaved. Shams Khan had evaded arrest up to this point, but eventually had his hiding place exposed to

1131-625: The lineage of a different Sadullah Khan than the Saddu Khan of the Saddozai branch of the Durrani Confederation. This Sadullah is said to have been born in 961 AD, and was the son of Atman, whom himself was a descendant of one Uthman. This gives way to an "Uthmanzai" branch of a different Saddozai tribe. Sometime in the 1300's, Jassi Khan gathered an army of soldiers belonging to his clan, from in and around Ghazni , after he had been requested by

1170-570: The local Brahman tribes of present day Sudhanoti to rescue them from a "tyrannous tribe", allegedly the "Bhagars" whom are said to have recently occupied those territories and ruled the local populace with cruelty. Jassi, after routing the Bhagars from Sudhanoti , was granted the laqab (title) "Sudhan" from Sanskrit by the Brahmans, which is said to translate to "Very fair". Jassi later settled these territories with his troops and their families, accepting

1209-481: The local people dominated them in this period, they multiplied quickly and emerged into a strong and powerful tribe. According to them, they are same as the Sudhazai tribe of high class Afghans. In social habits and customs they also are certainly akin to Sudhazais of Afghanistan. Among Afghans, Sudhazai are a very respected clan with long good history behind them. Sikhs and Dogras had to fight the Sudhans in wars spread over

Pallandri Tehsil - Misplaced Pages Continue

1248-433: The most prominent schools of Pallandri are, Oxford Model Public High School, Fauji Foundation, Bilal Gul school, and college, Pilot High School and Read foundation. the most famous educational institution of Pallandri is Cadet college, Cadet College Palandri is situated about 100 km from Islamabad. The College Complex is situated on the south eastern flank of Pallandri town.first private English medium school in pallandri

1287-654: The northern areas of the neighboring Bagh and Kotli . According to the local oral tradition of the tribe, they are allegedly a branch of the Saddozai tribe and originated from Pashtun areas in Afghanistan, and were the founders of their heartland of Sudhanoti . The tribe claims an Afghan ancestry. According to Syed Ali, Sudhans have a Pashtun descent and moved to the Poonch district of Kashmir region some centuries ago. Sudhans from Poonch considered themselves to be Sudhozai Pathans ( Pashtuns ). Scholar Iffat Malik of

1326-477: The rebellion immediately to minimize the number of Dogra casualties. He focused on bribing local Sardars of the various tribes and the many enemies of Shams, promising lavish rewards or positions of power if they betrayed Shams and the Sudhan-led rebels. This either neutralized them as foes, or turned a small number to his side completely, resulting in them aiding Gulab with either information or later fighting against

1365-543: The rebels. Thus Gulab had successfully incited treachery within some ranks of the rebellion. After this, Gulab made his way to Poonch through Jhelum, and after some initial victories against local tribes, he paved way towards the Sudhan heartland, aiming to defeat the Sudhans who were both the leaders of the rebellion and made up the majority of its forces. Major clashes occurred at Pallandri , Pallangi, Pachhiot, Paral, Panthal, Baral, Narian and Chokian, alongside smaller clashes in other areas. The deadliest battle occurred in

1404-425: The same government was shifted from Rawalpindi Moti Mahal to Sudhanoti Chonjal Hill given. According to sources, the Government of Azad Kashmir was transferred to Muzaffarabad on 1 August 1949. One of the main reasons for this transfer of government was the growing differences between the Sudhan tribals and the Government of Pakistan, due to which ignited the 1955 Poonch uprising . Popalzai From Misplaced Pages,

1443-634: The same time, the Yusufzai began a revolt, distracting the Sikhs and the leader of the Dogras , Gulab Singh . Rumors of a Sikh defeat began to spread, which in turn began the rise of clashes throughout Poonch between the locals and Sikh garrisons. Gulab Singh gained intelligence that Shams Khan was behind this, and called for the arrest of him and his family. Shams eluded the chasing authorities. After this, an all-out rebellion broke out. The local Muslims tribes too joined

1482-453: The title "Sudhan" and proceeding to rule the region of Sudhanoti until his death. His descendants continued Sudhan rule in Sudhanoti in one form or another until 1837, when after their rebellion against the Sikhs, they were stripped of all autonomy and subjugated to a direct foreign government, with the Sikhs completely annexing Poonch into the Sikh Empire and bringing it under the control of

1521-462: Was officially declared, a rebel force (dubbed the 'Azad Army'), made up of local militiamen and veterans from mainly the Sudhans, alongside a smaller number of Dhunds of Bagh, was raised in Poonch . The local Dogra garrisons were overwhelmed and defeated, with a provisional government declared with its capital in the Sudhan stronghold of Pallandri , which was later followed by a capture of the majority of

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