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33-578: Palaio Faliro is situated on the east coast of the Phalerum Bay, a bay of the Saronic Gulf , 6 km southwest of Athens city centre. The municipality has an area of 4.574 km. It is surrounded by other districts of Athens: Kallithea , Nea Smyrni , Agios Dimitrios and Alimos . The Pikrodafni stream flows into sea on the border of Palaio Faliro and Alimos. Palaio Faliro is at the Northwest part of what

66-599: A thief or bandit. The Battle of Salamis , just to the west of modern-day Piraeus, took place in the Saronic Gulf. This naval battle off Salamis Island saw the Athenians defeat Xerxes , assuring Athens its place as the cradle of modern European culture. The ancient port of Cenchreae used to be situated here. The gulf includes the islands of Aegina , Salamis , and Poros along with smaller islands of Patroklos and Fleves . The port of Piraeus , Athens' port, lies on

99-500: A very active and prominent community. In January 2005, a 1.8-meter-tall marble torso of a young man was found in the Pikrodafni streambed at the intersections of Pikrodafnis and Dimokratias Streets. The statue dates back to the 1st century A.D. and was a copy of a 4th-century B.C. classical original that may depict Apollo Lykeios . It was said the statue could have been recently discovered by builders during construction work and dumped in

132-399: Is a statue type of Apollo showing the god resting on a support (a tree trunk or tripod), his right forearm touching the top of his head and his hair fixed in braids on the top of a head in a haircut typical of childhood. It is called "Lycean" not after Lycia itself, but after its identification with a lost work described, though not attributed to a sculptor, by Lucian as being on show in

165-511: Is formed between the peninsulas of Attica and Argolis and forms part of the Aegean Sea . It defines the eastern side of the isthmus of Corinth , being the eastern terminus of the Corinth Canal , which cuts across the isthmus. The Saronic Islands in the gulf have played a pivotal role in the history of Greece , with the largest, Salamis being the location of a significant naval battle in

198-523: Is referred to as the Athens Riviera . The seaside area was redeveloped for the 2004 Summer Olympics , and now contains a seaside promenade, several sports venues, a marina and the Naval Tradition Park , where museum ships are exhibited. The neighbourhoods of Palaio Faliro are Amfithea, Batis, Edem, Panagitsa, Floisvos, Palmyra, Pikrodafni, Agia Varvara and Kopsachila. Palaio Faliro located in

231-631: Is traditionally supported on the grounds of the type's similarity to Praxiteles's Hermes from Olympia - one replica of the Lycian Apollo even passed as a copy of the Hermes for a time. The comparison essentially rests on the Apollino , whose head has proportions similar to those of the Aphrodite of Cnidus and whose pronounced sfumato confirms the long-held idea that it is Praxitelean in style, in spite of

264-570: The Athens Riviera , has a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSh ), closely bordering a hot-summer mediterranean ( Csa ) climate. It has mild winters and hot summers, with particularly warm summer nights. The conventions for writing and Romanizing Ancient Greek and Modern Greek differ markedly, which can create confusion. Thus the Greek name Φάληρον (Phaleron) can appear in various forms in English (Phalerum, Faliro, etc.), according to

297-563: The Greco-Persian wars . The Megara Gulf makes up the northern end of the Saronic Gulf. The Athens urban area lies on the north coast of the Saronic Gulf. The origin of the gulf's name comes from the mythological king Saron who drowned at the Psifaei lake (modern Psifta ). The Saronic Gulf was a string of six entrances to the Underworld , each guarded by a chthonic enemy in the shape of

330-662: The Lyceum , one of the gymnasia of Athens . According to Lucian, the god leaning on a support with his bow in his left hand and his right resting on his head is shown "as if resting after long effort." Its main exemplar is the Apollino in Florence or Apollo Medici , in the Uffizi , Florence . The attribution, based on the type's "elongated proportions, elegant pose and somewhat effeminate anatomy", as Brunilde Sismondo Ridgway characterised it,

363-705: The ancient theatre at Epidaurus and nearby asclepieion and the Temple of Aphaia on Aegina. The Saronic Gulf is one of congregating areas for short-beaked common dolphins in Aegean Sea. On recent occasions, more of large whales such as fin whales have been sighted in the gulf due to improving environmental conditions. Apollo Lykeios The Apollo Lyceus ( Greek : Ἀπόλλων Λύκειος , Apollōn Lukeios ) type, also known as Lycean Apollo , originating with Praxiteles and known from many full-size statue and figurine copies as well as from 1st century BCE Athenian coinage,

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396-523: The " second classicism " (i.e. from the 4th century BC). The famous pose with the arm resting on the head was so thoroughly identified with Apollo that it was used for the Hadrianic sculpture of Antinous as Apollo at Leptis Magna . With the Hellenistic and Roman depictions of a youthful Dionysus typologically not always distinguishable from Apollo, the pose seems to have been inherited by Dionysus, as in

429-557: The Marina of Flisvos, is a common destination for cultural activities and public events in Palaio Faliro, as well as a place for relaxation for the local population and tourists. It is located just next to the sea beach and provides benches and ample space for jogging or gymnastics. Other landmarks include: The oldest church of Palaio Faliro is the chapel of St. George in Xirotagaro, next to

462-549: The Museum of Naval Tradition. It was built probably in the 17th century, when the area was known by the Turks as Three Towers. Restored 1985. The large church of St. Alexander is the metropolis of Palaio Faliro and is located in St. Alexander Street, the main commercial thoroughfare, at the corner with Alcyonis Street. In order to satisfy the spiritual needs of the growing population of Palaio Faliro

495-517: The Presidential Decree 27/8/1925. In 1942, Palaio Faliro, together with Kalamaki , became a municipality , with K. Toufexí̱s as the first mayor. Kalamaki (now in Alimos municipality) was separated in 1945. Mayors of Palaio Faliro The municipal council has 41 members. In the municipal election of 2014, the seats achieved by each party were as follows: The main avenues of Palaio Faliro are

528-678: The church was founded at the behest of the "Urban League of Palaio Faliro" on 5 June 1916, in honour St. Alexander, Archbishop of Constantinople. The foundation stone was laid by the then prince, later king, Alexander of the Hellenes. The church was completely rebuilt on the same site in 1952. The Church of the Assumption of Mary is in Achilles Street. It is a large and imposing building on the model of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. The first church

561-481: The coastal demes east of Piraeus and starts with Phaleron. The site of the ancient town appears to be the area and headland around the church of St. George, with the harbour to the west in the open roadstead . Remains of conglomerate blocks have been found crossing the heights of Old Phaleron to the sea and these are likely to be part of the Phaleric Wall recorded by Thucydides . Before the 5th century B.C., Phaleron

594-429: The historical context, disguising the fact that it is the same word. Phaleron was an important place in antiquity, then as now one of the demes of Athens ; however, a precise definition of its Classical topography is lacking, although the location of the deme is well established. Pausanias records that it was on the coast, equidistant from Athens and Cape Kolias (i.e., Ayios Kosmas) at 20 stadia . Strabo enumerates

627-454: The hot sulphurous water that still surfaces in the area. The most recent eruption was of a submarine volcano north of Methana in the 17th century. The gulf has refineries around the northern part of the gulf including east of Corinth and west of Agioi Theodoroi, Eleusis, Aspropyrgos, Skaramangas and Keratsini. These refineries produce most of Greece's refined petroleum products, a large proportion of which are then exported. Commercial shipping to

660-454: The later 19th century, following the development of the settlement of Neo Phaleron in 1850–1860, now a suburb of Piraeus. Before 1920 old Phaleron was a small seaside village where the houses were few and between which there were long stretches of wheat, barley and oats as well as many vineyards. Some of the men were fishermen, but most were farmers, shepherds and stock breeders. In 1883 the first public transport connecting old Phaleron with Athens

693-471: The many differences among the extant examples. Nevertheless, most exemplars of this type exhibit a pronounced musculature which does not resemble masculine types normally attributed to Praxiteles - it has further been proposed that it is a work of his contemporary Euphranor , or of a 2nd-century BCE work The Apollino , for its part, would thus be an eclectic creation from the Roman era, mixing several styles from

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726-482: The north, Kechries Bay in the northwest and Sofiko Bay in the east. The volcano of Methana is located to the southwest along with Kromyonia at the Isthmus of Corinth, Aegina and Poros. Methana is also the youngest most active volcano center and forms the northwestern end of the cycladic arch of active volcanoes that includes Milos island, Santorini island and Nisyros island. A hydropathic institute at Methana makes use of

759-414: The northeastern edge of the gulf. The site of the former Ellinikon International Airport is also in the northeast. Beaches line much of the gulf coast from Poros to Epidaurus , Galataki to Kineta and from Megara to Eleusis and from Piraeus down to Anavyssos . Athens' urban area surrounds the northern and the eastern coasts of this gulf. Bays in the gulf include Phaleron Bay , Elefsina Bay to

792-521: The port was known as Porto Vecchio (old port) and its harbour was located near the church of St. George, once a chapel dedicated to St. Nicholas. The harbour also had the name Skala of St. Nicholas. In 1674 the English Consul in Athens, Jean Giraud, called this location "Three Towers" or Tripyrgi, a place-name that was retained into the 19th century. Most likely the name was created in medieval times because of

825-712: The presence of ancient ruins in this area. The Battle of Phaleron took place in May 1827 as part of an ill-fated action to relieve the Greeks besieged in the Acropolis during the Greek War of Independence. Greek troops landed around the Three Towers area and advanced on the Acropolis but the expedition ended in disaster and the fortress capitulated in June. The area came to be known as old Phaleron in

858-575: The refineries, Piraeus, and to and from the canal make the gulf quite a busy area with commercial shipping. Fault lines dominate especially in the northwestern part. Sailing is popular in the Saronic Gulf which, like the neighbouring Argolic Gulf, benefits from the Attic mainland's partial shelter from the summer Meltemi wind that can reach Force 7 and above further to the east in the Aegean islands. The Gulf boasts two particularly notable archaeological sites:

891-683: The seaside Poseidonos Avenue , which connects it with the port of Piraeus and the other southern suburbs, and the Andrea Syngrou Avenue respectively, which connects Palaio Faliro with the central Athens. Palaio Faliro is served by the Tram and by Buses . Palaio Faliro has a direct connection to the Athens International Airport via its express bus line X96. A new pedestrian overpass is planned to cross Poseidonos Avenue at Aphrodite Road. The Flisvos Public Park at Palaio Faliro, next to

924-528: The streambed for fear archaeologists might stop the works if alerted to the find. During the 2000s, especially during the Summer Olympics 2004 , Palaio Faliro saw major improvements in its infrastructure, such as the establishment of the Tram Line 3 that serves the southern coastal area of Athens . In 1925 Palaio Faliro was established as a local government Community (i.e. civil parish or township ) with

957-536: Was built in 1930 and burned down in 1969. The church of St. Barbara, in St. Barbara Avenue, gave its name to the district of the same name in Paleo Faliro. Initially built in 1936 as a wooden chapel, the current Byzantine style church was completed in 1965. The church of Ayia Kyriaki, in Amfitheas Street, was founded in 1955 as a private wooden church. It became a parish church in 1957. The present stone building

990-612: Was built in 1964 and the site includes a separate stone tower at the corner with Palaeologos Street. The Scouts of Greece have a Sea Scout Group in Palaio Faliro. Palaio Faliro also has an A1 water polo team named AC Palaio Faliro . Palaio Faliro is also home to its professional basketball club Paleo Faliro B.C. , which is currently in the Greek Second Division . Saronic Gulf The Saronic Gulf ( Greek : Σαρωνικός κόλπος, Saronikós kólpos ) or Gulf of Aegina in Greece

1023-531: Was inaugurated, a horse-drawn tram line. In 1890 steam trams were introduced and it was later electrified. In the western 'Delta' area a sea plane airport was started in August 1926, with the first international route Brindisi - Faliro - Istanbul. In the 20th century there was a rapid growth in population, reflected in upgrades in municipal government (see below). Many Greeks from Istanbul (Constantinople) came to live in Palaio Faliro, especially after 1974, and now form

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1056-517: Was referred to by St. Paul when he visited Athens. In the reign of the emperor Justinian , Stephanus of Byzantium , in his geographical dictionary Ethnica , records Phaleron as a deme and port of Attica. Throughout the period of Frankish rule, which followed the Roman-Byzantine empire, Athens was confined within the late Roman walls, and the area beyond became a wasteland. In the Ottoman period,

1089-528: Was the port of Athens, as it is least distant from the city. Thus the Athenians sailing to Troy would have departed from Phaleron. But Themistocles, when he became preeminent in the government of the Athenians, arranged that Piraeeus be the main port, as it was more convenient for seafarers. Pausanias, in the Roman period, notes that Phaleron contained an altar to the unknown god (by the Temple of Zeus in Phaleron), which

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