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27-683: [REDACTED] Look up PT , pt , p.t. , or pt. in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. PT , Pt , or pt may refer to: Arts and entertainment [ edit ] P.T. (video game) , acronym for Playable Teaser , a short video game released to promote the cancelled video game Silent Hills Porcupine Tree , a British progressive rock group In business [ edit ] Businesses [ edit ] Capital Cargo International Airlines (IATA airline designator PT) West Air Sweden (IATA airline designator PT) Putnam Transit ,

54-409: A "one size fits all" approach. One anticoagulation protocol example targets the therapeutic window of coumadin of an international normalized ratio (INR) goal of 2–3 and full-dose aspirin for antiplatelet activity. In the complex dynamics of the interaction of patients' systems, there is no completely safe zone between thrombosis or bleeding, or both. Pump thrombosis is defined as a specific case of

81-411: A Brazilian political party Parti des travailleurs (France) (Workers' Party), a defunct French political party Partido dos Trabalhadores (Guinea-Bissau) (Workers' Party), a Bissau-Guinean political party Partido del Trabajo (Mexico) (Labor Party), a Mexican political party Places [ edit ] Promontory or point, a prominent mass of land that overlooks lower-lying land or

108-642: A body of water Specific places [ edit ] Portugal (ISO country code PT) .pt , an Internet top-level domain name for Portugal Portuguese language (ISO 639 alpha-2 code "pt") Palestinian territories , comprise the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip Pistoia , a city in Italy Port Townsend, Washington , a city in Jefferson County, Washington, in

135-544: A bus system that serves Putnam County, New York Portugal Telecom , the largest telecommunications service provider in Portugal Piteå-Tidningen , a Swedish local newspaper Business terminology [ edit ] Part-time job Perseroan Terbatas , the Indonesian name for a limited liability company Political parties [ edit ] Partido dos Trabalhadores (Brazil) (Workers' Party),

162-472: A car model PT-91 , a military tank Units of measurement [ edit ] Percentage point (pt), a unit for the arithmetic difference of two percentages pt , a measurement in the print industry for thickness of card stock Pint (Pt.), a unit of volume or capacity Point (typography) (Pt.), a unit of measure used in typography Other uses in science, technology, and mathematics [ edit ] Permian-Triassic extinction event ,

189-591: A major device malfunction. In turn, device malfunction is as defined by Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) as a failure of one or more of the components of the mechanical circulatory support systems which either directly causes or could potentially induce a state of inadequate circulatory support (low cardiac output state) or death. A failure that was iatrogenic or recipient-induced will be classified as an Iatrogenic/Recipient-Induced failure. Device failure should be classified according to which component fails as follows: The FDA

216-713: A mass extinction between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras Peat , in the Unified Soil Classification System Post-tensioned concrete , a reinforcement method in structural engineering Potential transformer , an electrical component for changing voltage Pressure treated wood Sport [ edit ] Personal trainer , in fitness and bodybuilding Pro Tour (disambiguation) Physical fitness [ edit ] Physical education , known in many Commonwealth countries as physical training or PT Physical training instructor , in

243-415: A measurement of blood coagulation Pump thrombosis , a major device malfunction due to a suspected or confirmed development of a pump thrombus Computing [ edit ] .pt , an Internet top-level domain name for Portugal Plain text , data consisting in unformatted characters Panorama Tools , a suite of programs and libraries originally by Helmut Dersch Pluggable Transport , an API in

270-514: A more hypercoagulable state in VAD patients. In the end, the occurrence of any of these complications may thus prove to be a surrogate for a higher risk of PT. While the issue of biocompatibility is always at the forefront of critical issues of new pumps, the field of mechanical circulatory support is first focusing on adopting a standardized approach to this therapy so that valid analyses and comparisons can be made. No standardized protocol exist regarding

297-410: A significant complication. Older generation pulsatile VADs were relatively large and it was practically impossible to thrombose the entire pump and cause hemodynamic consequences.Instead, any thrombus created in the pump could be dislodged, possibly resulting in an embolic stroke. In contrast, the newer continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF LVAD) are much smaller and have smaller gaps between

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324-543: A term for gender transition health care in Brazil See also [ edit ] P. T. (disambiguation) Petey (disambiguation) Abbreviation of Pumper Tanker in Fire Rescue Victoria Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title PT . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

351-837: Is a large variability in clinician-related factors. A decrease in anticoagulation thresholds has been postulated to have resulted in an increase in CF LVAD thrombosis. A complex balance exists between over-anticoagulation and under-anticoagulation, in a patient population where the coagulation system response to the CF LVAD device varies greatly between individuals. Common adverse events precipitated by over-anticoagulation include bleeding problems such as gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial hemorrhage, while common complications due to under-anticoagulation include hemolysis, pump thrombosis and ischemic/embolic strokes. Unfortunately, robust and individually-tailored anticoagulation therapy protocols do not exist in most institutions, which usually utilize

378-503: Is aware of serious adverse events associated with LVADs. It has received reports and information from a variety of sources indicating an increase in the rate of pump thrombosis events in patients implanted with LVADs. Information also shows that patients are experiencing pump thrombosis events earlier than observed during the clinical trials conducted to support product approvals in 2008 Bridge To Transplant (BTT) and 2010 Destination Therapy (DT). Two analyses in scientific literature reported

405-766: Is the emergence in some reports of HIT syndrome as an etiologic factor in some cases of PT. Inherent to the technology itself. Examples: Heat generated by pump rotor; Outflow graft kink. Individual conditions that render patient more likely to have thrombotic complications. Examples: Atrial fibrillation; Infection. Criteria should include the presence of hemolysis, presence of heart failure not explained by structural disease, and/or abnormal pump parameters. Imaging and functional studies (ramp) can confirm diagnosis. Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. The complication itself, its prevention, or its treatment may lead to PT. Prevention of GI bleeding in VAD patients often includes keeping pump speeds lower to potentially minimize

432-557: The British & Commonwealth military; also in the British police Physical fitness § PT , physical training Other uses [ edit ] Pandit , a Hindu honorific applied to certain scholars of law, religion, philosophy or music Perpetual traveler or "permanent tourist" Perspectives on Terrorism , an academic journal Pro tempore , a Latin phrase "for the time being" (temporary) Pyramid Texts , an ancient Egyptian funerary text Processo transexualizador ,

459-500: The Tor Project Penetration testing , checking to see how secure a computer system is Physics and chemistry [ edit ] Platinum , symbol Pt, a chemical element Polythiophene , a molecule Total pressure (P t ), in fluid dynamics Transportation [ edit ] A US Navy hull classification symbol: Patrol torpedo boat (PT) Public transport , or public transit Chrysler PT Cruiser ,

486-636: The United States Pacific Time Zone , a time zone 8 hours behind UTC Science, technology, and mathematics [ edit ] Biology and medicine [ edit ] pt, patient , a medical abbreviation Physical therapy /Physiotherapy or Physical therapist/Physiotherapist Pararosaniline, Toluidine histological stain Percutaneous surgery Pertussis toxin , a protein-based exotoxin which causes whooping cough Petunidin , an anthocyanidin plant pigment Prothrombin time ,

513-461: The clinical patient condition or pump parameters suggest thrombus on any of the blood-contacting surfaces of the pump (inflow cannula, pump itself, or outflow graft). Confirmed pump thrombus is done by visual inspection (during device exchange, transplantation, autopsy), irrefutable radiographic evidence, or absence of Doppler inflow or outflow signals.Not all ventricular assist devices (VADs) are fully biocompatible, thus device thrombosis has always been

540-560: The confirmed (after explant) pump thrombosis rate as high as 8.4% of implanted devices at 3 months (Starling et al, 2013) and 6% of implanted devices at 6 months (Kirklin et al, 2014). This is compared to 1.6% of implanted devices at one year during the BTT clinical trial and 3.8% of implanted devices at 2 years during the DT clinical trial. The cause for PT are classified as either pump-related, patient-related, or management-related. But of particular concern

567-516: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PT&oldid=1258684711 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages PT">PT The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . Pump thrombosis In suspected pump thrombus,

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594-480: The management of LVAD pump thrombosis. No standardized protocol exist regarding therapy of pump thrombosis. Beginning in 2011, centers and collaborative groups began to observe a significant increase in the incidence of pump thrombosis, which led to pump modifications and the appreciation of more strict control of blood pressure and anticoagulation with this pump design. The unexpected abrupt increase in LVAD thrombosis

621-423: The median time from implantation to thrombosis was 18.6 months, and from March 2011 onward, it was 2.7 months. The occurrence of elevated LDH levels within 3 months after implantation mirrored that of thrombosis. Thrombosis was presaged by LDH levels that more than doubled, from 540 IU per liter to 1490 IU per liter, within the weeks before diagnosis. While starting in 2011 device failures due to clots forming inside

648-491: The proliferation of AV malformations. In addition, bleeding, once it occurs, is managed at least temporarily by a halting or decrease in AC . Efforts to decrease the development of AI in LVAD patients include keeping pump speeds on the lower side as well. Right ventricular dysfunction, particularly in the early postoperative period, is likewise managed with lower pump speeds. Finally, infections and sepsis are known to be associated with

675-400: The pumps appeared to rise dramatically, there is some indication that these failures may now be declining, but data analysis and interpretation are complex. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an invaluable tool in the development of VADs, enabling new designs to be tested rapidly and undesirable flow characteristics eliminated in successive versions before prototypes are manufactured. CFD

702-430: The various components of the pump. These characteristics predispose CF LVAD to thrombosis of the entire pump where the clot stays in the device, leading to increased hemolysis and device dysfunction. Thrombosis of CF LVADSs can occur as a result of various factors, which can be divided into three categories: the pump, the patient, and the clinician. Management protocols for VADs are usually institution-dependent and there

729-452: Was accompanied by elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels with outcomes of different management strategies in a multi-institutional study. Elevation of lactate dehydrogenase during the first month offers an opportunity for early intervention strategies. Starting in approximately March 2011, the occurrence of confirmed pump thrombosis at 3 months after implantation increased from 2.2% to 8.4% by January 1, 2013. Before March 1, 2011,

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