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44-612: PNU can stand for: Education [ edit ] Payame Noor University , Tehran, Iran headquarters and 500+ locations worldwide. Pacific National University , Khabarovsk, Russia Philippine Normal University , Manila, Philippine Precarpathian National University , Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine Princess of Naradhiwas University , Narathiwat, Thailand Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Pusan National University , Busan, Republic of Korea Other uses [ edit ] Party of National Unity (Kenya) ,

88-487: A brick and mortar university. There are no buildings and no campus to go to because students receive learning materials over the Internet. In most cases, only a personal computer and an Internet connection are needed that traditionally required physical presence of students in the classroom. Course materials can include printed material, books, audio and video cassettes, TV programmes, CD-ROM/software, and web sites. Support

132-516: A Kenyan political party Penrith Nepean United , an association football club in New South Wales, Australia Protein Nitrogen Unit , a measure of the potency of the compounds used in allergy skin tests Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title PNU . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

176-496: A lecture or a virtual class meeting every week. Afterwards, students get a homework assignment; for example, they have to solve an exercise, elaborate on some problem, discuss a case study, or take a test. Lecturers give them immediate feedback, and one week later, the same happens again. Coursework can be the same for a Virtual University as the On-campus University in certain cases. NYU Tandon Online , for example, provides

220-423: A physical campus to attend regular classes; and the need for flexibility—some students need the flexibility to study at home whenever it is convenient for them to do so. Some of these organizations exist only as loosely tied combines of universities, institutes or departments that together provide a number of courses over the Internet, television or other media, that are separate and distinct from programs offered by

264-731: A timetable, which the student receives with the course materials. These may include the planned activities for each week of the course and due dates for the assignments. If the course has an exam, the students will be informed where they have to go to write it. An example of a university that maintains a tight schedule is the Virtual Global University (VGU) in Germany. VGU offers a graduate program "International Master of Business Informatics" (MBI)—a master program in information technology and management that takes an average of four semesters to complete (for full-time students). Each course has

308-493: Is a member of UNITWIN. UNITWIN is the abbreviation for the university twinning and networking scheme. This UNESCO Programme was established in 1992. The UNITWIN/UNESCO Chairs Program consists of the establishment of UNESCO Chairs and UNITWIN Networks in higher education institutions. The UNITWIN/UNESCO Chairs Program promotes international inter-university cooperation and networking to enhance institutional capacities through knowledge sharing and collaborative work. The Program supports

352-604: Is a modern innovative university, established by decisions based on the meetings (No. 94 & 97) in 1986 by SCCR ( Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution of Iran). PNU was established in 1988 in the Iran , after having integrated the University of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni and Iran Free University . One of Payame Noor University's Tehran campuses (which was previously Damavand College , or Damavand Higher Educational Institute)

396-648: Is also holding the second general assembly of the network of virtual universities in the Islamic world . The education system, like the Iranian higher education system, has two semesters and one summer semester. However, the educational calendar in PNU Afghanistan is different, according to the regulations of that center. In Iran , admission to college is competitive and only top students may achieve this honour. Undergraduate and graduate prospective students are admitted at

440-457: Is broadcast from another location where professors give televised lectures. Program delivery in a virtual university is administered through Information and communications technology such as web pages, e-mail and other networked sources. As virtual universities are relatively new and vary widely, questions remain about accreditation and the quality of assessment . The defining characteristic of all forms and generations of distance education

484-515: Is not ranked as one of the "Best Global Universities in Iran" in the U.S. News & World Report . The QS World University Rankings does not rank PNU. Academic Ranking of World Universities does not rank PNU. Iranian universities faced criticism in early 2007 about their treatment of students who follow the Baháʼí Faith . Although religious identification has been removed from entrance exam papers,

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528-409: Is offered to learners from the professor or a tutor online through e-mails if they are having problems with the course. Taking courses online means that students will be learning in their own time by reading course material, working on course activities, writing assignments and perhaps working with other students through interactive teleconferences . Online learning can be an isolating experience since

572-656: Is one of the goals of Payame Noor University. The National Islamic Comprehensive of India, Islamic and International Multimedia of Malaysia , Tishrin, Aftarah and Damascus Syria . The university is also an active member of several prestigious international scientific associations in the world, such as the Asian Association of Open Universities (AAOU), the International Council for Open and Distance Education (ICDE), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) , UNITWIN/UNESCO , Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) , and

616-504: Is the separation of student and teacher in time and space. Distance education can be seen as the precursor to online learning. Before the advent of virtual universities, many higher education institutions offered some distance education through print-based correspondence courses. These courses were often referred to as a "course in a box". These have been developed so that students can obtain almost immediate feedback from professors and online tutors through e-mails or online discussions. When

660-474: The Internet . Some are bricks-and-mortar institutions that provide online learning as part of their extended university courses while others solely offer online courses. They are regarded as a form of distance education . The goal of virtual universities is to provide access to the part of the population who would not be able to attend a physical campus, for reasons such as distance—in which students live too far from

704-447: The University of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni and Iran Free University . PNU took its first intake in five-degree programs at 28 study centres. August 2023 Iranian government tried disbanding it in its entirety but it was stopped before long. Iranian government program closed and or merged several thousands universities. Some were turned to Technical and Vocational University . While some others were now part of State universities. PNU

748-568: The "second language" of the university and that all its services will be offered in Arabic, concurrent with Persian . PNU has been accused of being part of Iran's "publication bazaar," with local politicians and diplomats receiving advanced degrees without efforts or attendance. As of 2020, PNU has 502 campuses, which include locations in Iran and globally. Virtual university A virtual university (or online university ) provides higher education programs through electronic media, typically

792-404: The "teleuniversity" scenario courses are taught on the radio and television and in fact many universities adopted the use of this technology for their distance education courses. The name "teleuniversity" morphed into the "University of Air" which still had the same goal of reaching the lower-income groups who did not have access to higher education. The name "University of Air" did not stick and by

836-522: The 1960s on the belief that communications technology could bring high quality degree-level learning to people who had not had the opportunity to attend campus universities. The idea for a "wireless university" was first discussed at the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) by the educationalist and historian J.C. Stobbart. From these early beginnings, more ideas came forth until finally the Labour Party under

880-794: The Federation of the Universities of the Islamic World (FUIW), Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO) . PNU is the UNESCO Chair Environmental Education . Payame Noor University as the first university in Iran, has proceeded in designing and implementation of an environment training and education course in master's degree from 2008 with 500 graduating students and also has designed and implemented an Environmental Education Ph.D. course in 2012 with 40 Ph.D. candidates up to now. Payam Noor University

924-623: The Iranian public university on the basis of their GPA and the National University Entrance Exam result . In 2017, by order of the President of the National Federation of University Sports, the director-general of PNU Physical Education became the head of the country's student powerlifting association. Expanding the exchange of scientific information with universities and reputable international research associations

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968-470: The Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. The diplomas awarded to the students of this university are valid for continuing their studies in higher levels inside and outside the country and employment in all government institutions and organizations. Payame Noor University signed a memorandum of cooperation in the national plan to strengthen and identify children and adolescents in the field of coding. PNU

1012-494: The Networks and Chairs serve as think tanks and as bridge builders between academia, civil society, local communities, researchers and policy-makers. They have proven useful in informing policy decisions, establishing new teaching initiatives, generating innovation through research and contributing to the enrichment of existing university programs while promoting cultural diversity. As of May 2017, about 700 Chairs are established within

1056-500: The Virtual Class: Education in an Information Society" (London and New York, Routledge). It was based on a joint research project at Victoria University of Wellington that ran from 1986-1996. Called the virtual class laboratory it used dedicated telecommunication systems to make it possible for students to attend class virtually or physically and was at first supported by a number of telecommunication organisations. Its purpose

1100-440: The concept of a Global Virtual University. Providing access to higher education for all students, especially adult learners, is made easier by the fact that most virtual universities have no entry requirements for their undergraduate courses. Entry requirements are needed for the courses that are aimed at postgraduates or those who work in specific jobs. Studying in a virtual university has essential differences from studying in

1144-434: The establishment of UNESCO Chairs and UNITWIN Networks in key priority areas related to UNESCO's fields of competence – i.e. in education, the natural and social sciences, culture and communication. Through this network, higher education and research institutions all over the globe pool their resources, both human and material, to address pressing challenges and contribute to the development of their societies. In many instances,

1188-514: The importance of career development grew, so the university began to offer professional training courses alongside its academic programmes. By the mid-nineties, the OU was using the internet. As of 2008, more than 180,000 students were interacting with OU online from home. The idea of a virtual university as an institution that used computers and telecommunications instead of buildings and transport to bring students and teachers together for university courses

1232-547: The international, national and regional levels without having to worry about conflicts with traditional methods of receiving articles and judging them. This system manages all the stages of holding a conference from launching the website and informing to registering and receiving papers. Publishing of about 2700 books at the editorial office from 1988 to 2018. PNU was ranked by the Center for World University Rankings (CWUR) in 2019-2020 as rank 27 in Iran, and globally rank 1626. PNU

1276-490: The leadership of Harold Wilson formed an advisory committee to establish an Open University. With the goal of bringing higher education to all those who wanted to access it, the committee came up with various scenarios before settling on the name Open University . The first idea floated in the UK was to have a "teleuniversity" which would combine broadcast lectures with correspondence texts and visits to conventional universities. In

1320-434: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=PNU&oldid=1086765182 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Payame Noor University PNU was established in 1988 in the Iran , after having integrated

1364-466: The program around the globe in 116 countries covering about 70 disciplines. There are presently 24 UNESCO Chairs in the field of environmental education and education for sustainable development. In March 2017 Payame noor University as 14th UNESCO chair in Iran was selected by UNESCO to establish a chair in the field of Environmental Education specially in the regard of waste management for 4 years. Dr. Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri selected as Chair holder and leads

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1408-502: The program. Payame Noor University has sports, religious, and cultural centers and extracurricular activities, and tries to direct the potential energy of the youth in the right directions. Payame Noor University has also an analytical news agency which known an UPNA. Payame Noor University has more than 21 student scientific associations. Payame Noor University [Conference] System is in fact an online system that helps Payame Noor University Centers to hold their scientific conferences at

1452-776: The same course work to its online students as the on-campus students at the NYU Tandon School of Engineering . This is done using advanced technologies. When online courses first began, the primary mode of delivery was through a two way audio-visual network. Then as well as now, many of the virtual study programs were mainly based on text documents, but multimedia technologies have become increasingly popular as well. These web-based delivery modes are used in order to expand access to programs and services that can be offered anytime and anywhere. The spectrum of teaching modes in virtual education includes courses based on hypertext , videos, audios, e-mails, and video conferencing. Teaching on

1496-577: The same way as traditional universities and operate according to a similar set of academic standards. However, questions remain about accreditation and the quality of assessment. Accreditation is required to assure students that the online institute has certified online instructors who have the expertise and educational qualifications to design and carry out the curriculum. Assessment standards need to be particularly closely monitored in virtual universities. For example, respondents in studies of opinions about online degrees will rate an online degree from Stanford

1540-434: The single institution outside of the combine. Others are individual organizations with a legal framework, yet are called "virtual" because they appear only on the Internet, without a physical location aside from their administration units. Still other virtual universities can be organized through specific or multiple physical locations, with or without actual campuses to receive program delivery through technological media that

1584-407: The state sanctioned persecution of Baháʼís has led to students reportedly being expelled once their religion is discovered. The controversy specifically focused on Payame Noor University when an official university letter confirmed the expulsion as government policy. Over 30 Baháʼí students have been expelled under the policy. Additionally, in 2008, the university declared that Arabic will be

1628-432: The student spends the majority of their time working by themselves. Some learners do not mind this kind of solo learning, but others find it a major stumbling block to the successful completion of courses. Because of the potential difficulty of maintaining the schedule needed to be successful when learning online, some virtual universities apply the same type of time management as traditional schools. Many courses operate to

1672-460: The term "virtual" was first coined in the computational sense, it applied to things that were simulated by the computer, like virtual memory . Over time, the adjective has been applied to things that physically exist and are created or carried on by means of computers. The Open University in the United Kingdom was the world’s first successful distance teaching university. It was founded in

1716-493: The theoretical outlines for use of telecommunications and media for de-schooling and de-design of mainstream education and an alternative Virtual Free University system. By 1972 George Kasey established "Media Free Times - periodical Multimedia Random Sampling of Anarchic Communications Art" a prototype for remote learning with the use of "multi-media periodicals," that are now commonly referred to as "web pages". In 1995 by John Tiffin and Lalita Rajasingham in their book "In Search Of

1760-461: The time the first students were admitted in January 1971 the name had become what it is today "Open University". OU proved that it was possible to teach university-level courses to students at a distance. By 1980, total student numbers at OU had reached 70,000 and some 6,000 people were graduating each year. The 1980s saw increased expansion continue as more courses and subject areas were introduced; as

1804-503: The web through courseware such as WebCT and Blackboard are also used. See Virtual education . Students taking "virtual" courses are doing real work to get their degrees, and educators preparing and teaching those courses spend real time in doing so. That is, students meet a comparable level of academic learning outcomes and are evaluated through programs constructed according to standard university-level criteria. Though it should not be assumed, virtual universities may be accredited in

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1848-656: Was completed in 1976 and is one of the three buildings in Iran designed and built by Taliesin Associated Architects (Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation) and William Wesley Peters . Payame Noor University is one of the large and prestigious public universities in Iran. It is a global mega university , whose name means "the message of light" in Persian. The school has 502 campus locations in 2020. The PNU school offers undergraduate degrees, postgraduate degrees and PhDs. Graduates of this university receive an official decree from

1892-601: Was first published in works like "De-Schooling Society" by Ivan Illich that introduced the concept of the use of computer networks as switchboards for learning, in 1970. In 1971 George Kasey, a media(activist)ethicist, delivered a series of lectures on "the Philosophy of Communications De-Design" under the sponsorship of Phil Jacklin PhD, professor at University of California San Jose, a member of "The (San Francisco)Bay Area Committee for Open Media and Public Access." The lectures contained

1936-579: Was to seek the critical factors in using ICT for university-level education. In 1992 the virtual class lab moved onto the Internet. A number of other universities were involved in the late eighties in pioneering initiatives and experiments were conducted between Victoria University in New Zealand, the University of Hawaii, Ohio State University and Waseda University to try and conduct classes and courses at an international level via telecommunications. This led to

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