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20-696: Developed by OKB-52 MAP (later NPO Mashinostroyeniya ), it entered service to replace the SS-N-3 Shaddock (Russian designation: P-5 Pyatyorka ). The P-500 Bazalt was first deployed in 1975 on the Soviet aircraft carrier  Kiev , and was later added to both the Echo II and the Juliett-class submarines, replacing their Pyatyorka / Shaddock missiles. A version of the P-500 Bazalt with improved guidance and engines

40-630: A large part of the Russian space program, and a considerable part of the World's space program, with its Soyuz spacecraft having become the only crewed spacecraft conducting regular flights and the exclusive crew transport vehicle for the International Space Station from the Space Shuttle retirement in 2011 and until the maiden flight of Crew Dragon Endeavour in 2020. The Chinese Shenzhou program

60-540: A reactor accident in 1989, the K-35 was stricken in 1993 and the K-22 in 1995. The P-1000 has been installed on the Slava -class cruiser Varyag , and some sources reported P-1000 missiles on her sister ship Moskva . Current Former NPO Mashinostroyeniya NPO Mashinostroyeniya ( Russian : НПО машиностроения , lit.   'RDA of machine manufacturing')

80-504: Is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. Its name is derived from the Russian word for energy and is also named for Sergei Pavlovich Korolev , the first chief of its design bureau and the driving force behind early Soviet accomplishments in space exploration. Energia is the largest company of the Russian space industry and one of its key players. It is responsible for all operations involving human spaceflight and

100-473: Is a network structure that unites specialists and heads of different divisions to quickly develop and launch innovative products. KIPM was established in early 2016 on the initiative of a group of young engineers from the RSC Energia. The main task of the new structure is to give young specialists the opportunity to realize their creative ideas. The main criterion for projects selecting is their potential demand in

120-646: Is a rocket design bureau based in Reutov , Russia . During the Cold War it was responsible for several major weapons systems, including the UR-100N Intercontinental ballistic missile and the military Almaz space station program. India is Mashinostroyeniya's second largest customer after the Russian Federation for sale of P-70 Ametist , BrahMos , BrahMos-II and P-800 Oniks . NPO Mashinostroyeniya

140-533: Is the lead developer of the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and the lead developer of the Russian end of the International Space Station (ISS). In the mid-2000s, the company employed 22,000–30,000 people. The enterprise has been awarded 4 Orders of Lenin , Order of the October Revolution and Russian Federation President's Message of Thanks. In addition, 14 cosmonauts employed by the company have been awarded

160-482: Is the only other program in the world with planned semi-regular crewed spaceflights. The President of Energia , Vitaly Lopota , was removed from his post as president on August 1, 2014. Dmitry Rogozin indicated that this was the start of "long-awaited personnel reform in [the Russian] space industry... Tough times require tough decisions". Lopota was offered the position of vice president for technological development in

180-492: Is used on the Slava -class cruisers . The sixteen launch tubes flanking the superstructure are an unmistakable characteristic of this cruiser class. The P-500 Bazalt has a 550 km range and a payload of 1,000 kg, which allows it to carry a 350 kt nuclear or a 950 kg semi-armor-piercing high-explosive warhead. The P-500 Bazalt uses active radar homing for terminal guidance, and can receive mid-course correction from

200-912: The Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury 's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding NPO Mashinostroyeniya and other entities to the Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War . ScarCruft and the Lazarus Group allegedly hacked company systems in 2021, according to reports published by cybersecurity firm SentinelOne. OKB-1 S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation "Energia" ( Russian : Ракетно-космическая корпорация «Энергия» им. С. П. Королёва , romanized :  Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya «Energiya» im. S. P. Korolova )

220-581: The Tupolev Tu-95RTs Bear D , the Kamov Ka-25K Hormone B and the Kamov Ka-31 . The missiles were intended to be used in salvos – a submarine could launch eight in rapid succession, maintaining control of each through a separate datalink. In flight the group could co-ordinate their actions. One would fly to a higher altitude and use its active radar to search for targets, forwarding this data to

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240-454: The United Rocket and Space Corporation , the new company formed in 2013 to re-nationalize the Russian space industry. Energia builds: Over the years the products of Energia and its predecessors included: Including meteorological rockets as their modifications: Committee of Innovative Youth Projects (Russian: Комитет инновационных проектов молодежи) also known as KIPM of RSC Energia

260-514: The P-500 was installed on three Echo II submarines towards the end of the Cold War. The P-1000 Vulkan (GRAU 3M70) presumably has the same firing range and maximum speed with the P-500 Bazalt (range 800 km). The missile weight was increased by 1–2 tons. The missile has a turbojet engine and a starting powder accelerator. High-altitude flight regimes are presumably the same as that of the P-500. The P-1000

280-407: The other missiles which remained at low altitude. The missiles were programmed so that half of a salvo would head for a carrier target, with the rest dividing between other ships. If the high-flying missile was shot down, another from the salvo would automatically pop up to take its place. All of the missiles would switch to active radar for the terminal phase of the attack. An improved version of

300-629: The title " Hero of the Russian Federation ". The company consists of the following subsidiaries and branches: As of 2009 , 38% of the company's stock was owned by the Russian state. The company was founded on 26 August 1946 and has been known successively as: It is named after the first chief of its design bureau Sergei Korolev (1946–1966). His successors as chief designers were: Vasily Mishin (1966–1974), Valentin Glushko (1974–1989), Yuriy Semenov  [ ru ] (1989–2005), Nikolai Sevastianov (2005–2007). Its President and Chief designer

320-481: Was Vitaly Lopota , until 1 August 2014. Korolev's design bureau was, beginning with the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 and the first crewed spaceflight of Vostok 1 , responsible for a major part of the Soviet space program. It was the main rival of OKB-52 (later known as TsKBM , then the design bureau of Vladimir Chelomei ) during the Soviet crewed lunar programs and the Soviet space station program . OKB-1

340-754: Was among others responsible for the development of the crewed Soyuz spacecraft and its Soyuz rocket , the N1 "Moon Shot" rocket , large parts of the Salyut space station program , the uncrewed Progress resupply craft and designed the Energia rocket for the Buran space shuttle program . Since the early beginnings of the Luna programme it designed many space probes, among others of the Venera , Zond and Mars program . The company continues to dominate

360-555: Was founded in 1944 to develop rockets for the Russian military. Under the leadership of cruise missile designer Vladimir Chelomey , the firm was lead developer of the Soviet Union's space satellites, cruise missiles, and intercontinental ballistic missiles. Originally part of the OKB-51 design bureau, it relocated to Reutov, and from 1955 to 1966 was designated OKB-52 (and also OKB-52 MAP ). OKB-52 became later known as TsKBM . The OKB-52

380-721: Was ordered on 15 May 1979 from NPO Mashinostroyeniya Chelomey. It first flew in July 1982 and was accepted for service on 18 December 1987. It was installed on three Echo II submarines of the Northern Fleet between 1987 and 1993. The conversion of two units of the Pacific Fleet, the K-10 and K-34, was abandoned due to lack of funds. Of the submarines that did receive the P-1000, the K-1 was decommissioned after

400-590: Was the main rival of OKB-1 (then the design bureau of Sergei Korolev , later renamed TsKBEM, today RSC Energia ) during the Soviet human lunar programs and the Soviet space station program . At its peak in the mid-1980s, NPO Mashinostroyeniya employed nearly 10,000. By the mid-1980s state support for NPO was dwindling. In the 1980s, the Soviet government directed NPO to develop vegetable oil processing equipment, baking industry equipment, and food storage products. By 1993, Mashinostroyeniya's defense orders dwindled to one-fifth of previous levels. On July 16, 2014,

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