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55-470: Owada is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include: Empress Masako of Japan (born 1963), née Owada Hisashi Owada (born 1932), former Japanese diplomat, judge on the International Court of Justice Hitomi Ōwada , Japanese voice actress Masashi Owada (born 1981), Japanese football player Mondo Owada , fictional character in

110-402: A diplomat . Masako met Crown Prince Naruhito in 1986. They married in 1993; their only child, Aiko, Princess Toshi , was born in 2001. The birth fueled the ongoing Japanese imperial succession debate , which had resulted in some politicians holding a favorable view on rescinding agnatic primogeniture imposed by World War II allies on the constitution of Japan . However, with the birth of

165-459: A Juris Doctor. However, Harvard's bureaucrats would not give her credit for her study-time at the University of Tokyo." Therefore, Masako enrolled in her second choice, studying international relations under Sir Adam Roberts at Balliol College , Oxford . However, for unclear reasons Masako did not finish her thesis and instead returned to Japan in 1990. Masako first met Prince Naruhito at

220-444: A clinic, Bolu et al. (2012) found that 22 (26.8%) of these patients were admitted due to suicide attempt, consistent with previous findings. In addition, it was found that 15 of these 22 patients chose suicide methods that involved high chances of being saved. Henriksson et al. (2005) states statistically that the stressors are of one-half related to parental issues and one-third in peer issues. One hypothesis about adjustment disorder

275-547: A combination of the three. According to the DSM-5 , there are six types of adjustment disorder, which are characterized by the following predominant symptoms: depressed mood , anxiety , mixed depression and anxiety, disturbance of conduct, mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct, and unspecified. However, the criteria for these symptoms are not specified in greater detail. Adjustment disorder may be acute or chronic, depending on whether it lasts more or less than six months. According to

330-1072: A diagnosis are important. First, the symptoms must clearly follow a stressor. The symptoms should be more severe than would be expected. There should not appear to be other underlying disorders. The symptoms that are present are not part of a normal grieving for the death of family member or other loved one. Adjustment disorders have the ability to be self-limiting. Within five years of when they are originally diagnosed, approximately 20–50% go on to be diagnosed with psychiatric disorders that are more serious. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), assigns codes to classify diseases, symptoms, complaints, social behaviors, injuries, and such medical-related findings. ICD-11 classifies adjustment disorder (6B43) under "Disorders specifically associated with stress". Individuals with an adjustment disorder and depressive or anxiety symptoms may benefit from treatments usually used for depressive or anxiety disorders . The use of different therapies can be beneficial for any age group. There

385-433: A diagnosis of adjustment disorder is to be made. There are certain stressors that are more common in different age groups: Adulthood: Adolescence and childhood: In a study conducted from 1990 to 1994 on 89 psychiatric outpatient adolescents, 25% had attempted suicide in which 37.5% had misused alcohol, 87.5% displayed aggressive behaviour, 12.5% had learning difficulties, and 87.5% had anxiety symptoms. The basis of

440-654: A private Roman Catholic girls' school in Den-en-chōfu , Tokyo. Established by the Congregation of the Holy Infant Jesus in 1872, Masako's mother and maternal grandmother had graduated from this school as well. It was here that Masako learned to play piano and tennis, joined a handicrafts club, and became interested in animals, tending several after school and deciding to become a veterinarian . Masako also studied her fourth and fifth languages, French and German . With

495-608: A school friend, Masako revived Futaba's softball team, serving as third base and after three years bringing her team to the district championships. In 1979, her second year of senior high school , Masako and her family moved to the United States and settled in the Boston suburb of Belmont, Massachusetts , where her father became a guest professor of international law at Harvard University 's Center for International Affairs . In 1981, she graduated from Belmont High School , where she

550-406: A series of patients with adjustment disorder attempted suicide immediately before their index admission and they remitted faster than a comparison group with major depression. Asnis et al. (1993) found that adjustment disorder patients report persistent ideation or suicide attempts less frequently than those diagnosed with major depression. According to a study on 82 adjustment disorder patients at

605-476: A son to Naruhito's brother, Prince Fumihito , in 2006, no amendments were made and Aiko remains ineligible to inherit the throne, so she cannot succeed her father. The pressure to produce a male heir affected Masako's health. She was diagnosed with adjustment disorder in 2004, which forced her to withdraw from public life periodically. As crown princess and empress, Masako has accompanied her husband on official visits to foreign countries and at ceremonies within

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660-638: A son, Hisahito , who was third-in-line to the Chrysanthemum Throne under the current law, after his uncle, the Emperor, and his father, Prince Akishino. In 1994, the couple visited Saudi Arabia , Oman , Qatar and Bahrain . They visited Kuwait , the United Arab Emirates and Jordan in 1995, and again traveled to Jordan in 1999. In 1999, they also went to Belgium to attend the wedding of Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant . In 2002, they paid

715-593: A specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Owada&oldid=1206013375 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Empress Masako The Emperor The Empress The Emperor Emeritus The Empress Emerita Masako ( 雅子 , born Masako Owada ( 小和田雅子 , Owada Masako ) ; 9 December 1963)

770-567: A tea for Infanta Elena of Spain , in November 1986, during her studies at the University of Tokyo . The prince was immediately captivated by her and arranged for them to meet several times over the next few weeks. Because of this they were pursued relentlessly by the press throughout 1987. However, Masako's name disappeared from the list of possible royal brides due to controversy about her maternal grandfather, Yutaka Egashira, who while working for

825-563: A three-day state visit to the United Kingdom in late June 2024, at the invitation of King Charles III . The imperial couple had originally planned to visit in 2020 as guests of Queen Elizabeth II, but the state visit was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The rescheduled visit went ahead despite concerns of postponement due to the British general election campaign that began in late May. It

880-670: A visit to New Zealand and Australia . In 2006, the Crown Prince and Crown Princess went to the Netherlands with their daughter, Princess Aiko, at the invitation of Queen Beatrix for a private visit. On 30 April 2013, the Crown Prince and Crown Princess were present at the inauguration of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands , which was the Crown Princess's first official overseas appearance in eleven years. In October 2014, she

935-605: A woman to succeed to the Chrysanthemum Throne . A government-appointed panel of experts submitted a report on 25 October 2005, recommending that the Imperial Succession Law be amended to permit absolute primogeniture. On 20 January 2006, Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi used part of his annual keynote speech to address the controversy when he pledged to submit a bill to the National Diet letting women ascend to

990-504: Is Empress of Japan as the wife of Emperor Naruhito . Born in Tokyo, Masako was educated at Belmont High School in Massachusetts before attending Harvard College , earning a B.A. , magna cum laude , in economics . She also studied law at the University of Tokyo and international relations at Balliol College, Oxford . She then worked for Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs as

1045-444: Is also a list of medications that can be used to help people with adjustment disorder whose symptoms are too severe for therapy alone. If a person is considering taking medication, they should talk to their doctor. Specific treatment is based on factors of each individual separately. These factors include but are not limited to age, severity of symptoms, type of adjustment disorder, and personal preference. Different ways to help with

1100-403: Is that it may represent a sub-threshold clinical syndrome. The syndrome of occupational burnout is considered to be adjustment disorder by some national health authorities. Adjustment disorder has six different subtypes, and they are all based on what the main symptoms are. Those subtypes are as follows: Those exposed to repeated trauma are at greater risk, even if that trauma is in

1155-636: The British Journal of Psychiatry described adjustment disorder as being so "vague and all-encompassing… as to be useless," but it has been retained in the DSM-5 because of the belief that it serves a useful clinical purpose for clinicians seeking a temporary, mild, non- stigmatizing label, particularly for patients who need a diagnosis for insurance coverage of therapy. In the US military there has been concern about its diagnosis in active duty military personnel. When

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1210-601: The Industrial Bank of Japan was assigned to take over management of one of its creditors the Chisso Corporation to prevent it from financial collapse. Chisso, built in the 1930s, dumped the methylmercury used to make acetaldehyde (a chemical in plastic) into the water surrounding Minamata and other towns, causing the infamous Minamata disease and the resulting scandal. Despite this controversy and Masako's travelling to Oxford University 's Balliol College for

1265-821: The Tokyo Imperial Palace on 22 October 2019. Naruhito and Masako's first trip abroad as emperor and empress took place in September 2022, to the United Kingdom to attend the state funeral of Queen Elizabeth II . They visited Indonesia in June 2023, their first state visit. In March 2024, Masako and Naruhito visited Wajima and Suzu , two cities affected by the Noto earthquake . The couple later visited an evacuation center in Anamizu on 12 April. Masako and Naruhito embarked on

1320-581: The Coronation of King Tupou VI . Over 40 members of the Japanese media covered the event, during which the happy-looking Crown Princess was warmly welcomed. Upon the abdication of Masako's father-in-law, Emperor Akihito of Heisei era on 30 April 2019, his eldest son, Crown Prince Naruhito became the 126th Emperor of Japan , and his wife, Masako became empress consort on 1 May. The Emperor and Empress of Reiwa era were enthroned ( Sokui Rei Seiden no Gi ) at

1375-427: The DSM-5, if the adjustment disorder lasts less than six months, then it may be considered acute. If it lasts more than six months, it may be considered chronic. Moreover, the symptoms cannot last longer than six months after the stressor(s), or its consequences, have terminated. However, the stress-related disturbance does not only exist as an exacerbation of a pre-existing mental disorder. Unlike major depression,

1430-644: The Naito clan that the Tokugawa shōgun had installed as the city's rulers 67 years earlier. After the fall of the shogunate, the Owadas participated in a salmon-fishing cooperative, the proceeds of which provided schooling for many local children, including Hisashi and his father Takeo. Her mother Yumiko is descended from the Egashira clan which served the Saga clans near Nagasaki on

1485-612: The University Center for French Studies at Université Grenoble Alpes . Masako worked with Jeffrey Sachs to obtain a B.A. magna cum laude in economics in March 1985. After graduation Masako moved back to Japan, where for six months (April to October 1986) she studied law at the University of Tokyo to prepare for the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs 's entrance examination. Out of 800 applicants only 28 passed; Masako

1540-474: The ancient traditions and a 1947 Imperial Household Law are perceived to be behind her illness, as well as negative media coverage of her behavior, the stress of royal responsibility and public life, and turf battles among the Imperial Household Agency . In December 2012, at the time of her 49th birthday, Masako issued a statement thanking the Japanese people for their support and saying that she

1595-523: The cause of substantial distress is harm caused by unjust social systems, it may be considered that the true disorder requiring intervention lies in the systems causing the problem rather than in the individual who is distressed by them. A study was conducted in Poland during the first phase of the pandemic. The study used self-report surveys to measure the prevalence and severity of symptoms of adjustment disorder compared to PTSD, depression, and anxiety. The data

1650-534: The diagnosis is the presence of a precipitating stressor and a clinical evaluation of the possibility of symptom resolution on removal of the stressor due to the limitations in the criteria for diagnosing adjustment disorder. In addition, the diagnosis of adjustment disorder is less clear when patients are exposed to stressors long-term, because this type of exposure is associated with adjustment disorder and major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Some signs and criteria used to establish

1705-648: The disorder include: In addition to professional help, parents and caregivers can help their children with their difficulty adjusting by: Like many of the items in the DSM, adjustment disorder receives criticism from a minority of the professional community as well as those in semi-related professions outside the healthcare field. First, there has been criticism of its classification. It has been criticized for its lack of specificity of symptoms, behavioral parameters, and close links with environmental factors. Relatively little research has been done on this condition. An editorial in

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1760-550: The disorder is caused by an outside stressor and generally resolves once the individual is able to adapt to the situation. The condition is different from anxiety disorder , which lacks the presence of a stressor, or post-traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder , which usually are associated with a more intense stressor. Suicidal behavior is prominent among people with adjustment disorder of all ages, and up to one-fifth of adolescent suicide victims may have an adjustment disorder. Bronish and Hecht (1989) found that 70% of

1815-465: The engagement on 19 January 1993; the engagement ceremony was held on 12 April 1993. Although many were surprised at the news, as it was believed that the prince and Masako had separated, the engagement was met with a surge of renewed media attention directed toward the Imperial family and their new princess. Masako married Crown Prince Naruhito in a traditional wedding ceremony on 9 June 1993. By virtue of

1870-491: The forms of the imperial household's antique gold-traced white chrysanthemum. In addition, she was placed in the Japanese Imperial Order of Precedence (used for the most formal occasions) behind her mother-in-law, Empress Michiko , and her grandmother-in-law, Empress Dowager Nagako . The orchid flower Dendrobium cultivar Masako Kotaishi Hidenka was named in her honour to celebrate the wedding. Masako became

1925-442: The game Danganronpa: Trigger Happy Havoc Nana Owada (born 1999), Japanese idol Shinya Owada (born 1947), Japanese actor, voice actor and narrator Tomoko Owada (born 1941), Japanese fencer who competed at the 1964 Olympics See also [ edit ] Ōwada Station (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Owada . If an internal link intending to refer to

1980-613: The imperial court. Masako Owada ( 小和田雅子 , Owada Masako ) was born on 9 December 1963 at Toranomon Hospital in Toranomon , Minato, Tokyo . She is the eldest daughter of Yumiko Egashira (b. 1938) and Hisashi Owada (b. 1932), a senior diplomat and former president of the International Court of Justice . She has two younger sisters, twins named Setsuko and Reiko (b. 1966). Masako went to live in Moscow with her parents when she

2035-568: The island of Kyushu . One of the Egashiras, Yasutaro, went on to command a battleship in the Russo-Japanese War . Yumiko's father was a wealthy banker who was at the time of her marriage the managing director of the Industrial Bank of Japan . Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE  / AD   individuals that were given the title of empress posthumously individuals elevated to

2090-404: The loss of a girlfriend/boyfriend, a poor report card, or moving to a new neighborhood. It is thought that the more often the stressor occurs, the more likely it is to produce adjustment disorder. The objective nature of the stressor is of secondary importance. A stressor gains its pathogenic potential when the patient perceives it as stressful. The identification of a causal stressor is necessary if

2145-519: The marriage, Masako Owada assumed the formal style Her Imperial Highness The Crown Princess of Japan . As tradition dictates, upon her entry into the imperial family and like other members, she received the blossom of the endemic curly-leaved Japanese Ramanas rose ( o-shirushi ( お印 ) ): Rosa rugosa ( hamanasu , beach aubergine ( ハマナス ) ) for an imperial personal emblem , which is mauve-lilac to crimson or white (rarely with cultivars to full or burst yellow), while her insignia as Crown Princess bear

2200-496: The next two years, Naruhito remained interested in her. Masako refused to marry the prince because it would force her to give up her promising career in diplomacy and severely restrict her independence and freedoms. Masako finally accepted his third proposal on 9 December 1992. It was reported that he argued that serving as Crown Princess of Japan would only be "another form of diplomacy" before she finally accepted this third proposal. The Imperial Household Council formally announced

2255-402: The past. Age can be a factor due to young children having fewer coping resources and because they are less likely to realize the consequences of a potential stressor. A stressor is generally an event of a serious, unusual nature that an individual or group of individuals experience. Adjustment disorders can come from a wide range of stressors that can be traumatic or relatively minor, like

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2310-493: The rank of empress due to their position as honorary mother of the emperor Shōshi served briefly as honorary empress for her younger brother Emperor Go-Daigo Adjustment disorder Diagnosis of adjustment disorder is common. Lifetime prevalence estimates for adults range from five percent to 21%. Adult women are diagnosed twice as often as men. Among children and adolescents, girls and boys are equally likely to be diagnosed with an adjustment disorder. Adjustment disorder

2365-700: The school's Japan Society, "became quite close friends with the then Japanese consul in Boston, and volunteered as a kind of self-appointed diplomat and cultural ambassador" in the wake of mounting Japan–United States trade tension. Masako liked to ski and traveled overseas during vacations, staying with a host family in France and studying at the Goethe-Institut . Masako is fluent in English and in French, which she learned in 1983 at

2420-580: The state visit of U.S. President Donald Trump and First Lady Melania Trump to Japan in April, Masako and Naruhito conversed with them without interpreters; the imperial couple are both fluent in English. Her doctors stated that she has not fully recovered but a strong sense of duty has helped her fulfill her responsibilities. Her father Hisashi is descended from the Owada clan , whose head Shinroku—Masako's 4th-great-grandfather —was called to Murakami in 1787 to serve

2475-861: The third commoner to marry into the imperial family, after her mother-in-law, Empress Emerita Michiko (Michiko Shōda) and her sister-in-law, Crown Princess Kiko (Kiko Kawashima). Masako's first pregnancy was announced in December 1999, but she miscarried . The Emperor and Empress have one daughter: Aiko, Princess Toshi ( 敬宮愛子内親王 , Toshi-no-miya Aiko Naishinnō , born 1 December 2001 at Imperial Household Agency Hospital in Tokyo Imperial Palace ) . Their daughter's birth, which occurred more than eight years after their marriage, sparked lively debate in Japan about whether The Imperial Household Law of 1947 should be changed from that of agnatic primogeniture to either cognatic or absolute primogeniture, which would allow

2530-613: The throne in order that the imperial throne be continued in a stable manner. Koizumi did not announce a timing for the legislation to be introduced nor did he provide details about the content, but he did note that it would be in line with the conclusions of the 2005 Government Panel. Plans to change the male-only law of Imperial succession were shelved after it was announced in February 2006 that Masako's brother-in-law and his wife, Prince and Princess Akishino , were expecting their third child. On 6 September 2006, Princess Akishino gave birth to

2585-659: Was a huge advantage—and was popular with most of her workmates." During her free time, Masako attended cooking classes to, according to interviews with her instructor, "be able to cook proper Japanese dishes when she was entertaining [foreigners]." Two years later, in 1988, Masako was chosen by the Ministry to be sponsored for two years' postgraduate study overseas with full pay, just as her father Hisashi had been years earlier. Masako "desperately wanted to go back to Harvard to do her master's". According to her former Harvard adviser Oliver Oldman, she "tried to re-enroll to work towards ...

2640-681: Was introduced into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1980 ( DSM-III ). Other names for adjustment disorder are stress response syndrome (new name as of 2013) and situational depression since it is one of the most common symptoms. Some emotional signs of adjustment disorder are: sadness, hopelessness, lack of enjoyment, crying spells, nervousness, anxiety, desperation, feeling overwhelmed and thoughts of suicide, performing poorly in school/work etc. Common characteristics of adjustment disorder include mild depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and traumatic stress symptoms or

2695-562: Was one of them, along with two other women. "She was assigned, first, to the oddly named Second International Organizations Division which deals with Japan's relations with international agencies, such as the OECD , a club of 30 rich countries committed to free trade and development. Her assignments included dealing with the OECD's environmental affairs committee ... by all accounts she acquitted herself well—her command of spoken languages, so rare in Japan,

2750-476: Was present at a banquet held in honour of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima at the Tokyo Imperial Palace, which was her first appearance in such a ceremony in eleven years. She welcomed the couple during an official ceremony at the palace which was her first appearance in a welcoming ceremony after five years. In July 2015, Princess Masako traveled to Tonga with the Crown Prince in order to attend

2805-570: Was president of the National Honor Society and participated in the school's math team and French club. Masako joined the school's softball team and won a Goethe Society award for her German poetry . Masako participated in a production of M*A*S*H . Masako's father was posted to Moscow after her high school graduation, but Masako remained in Boston to continue her education; In 1981 she enrolled at Harvard College , where she chaired

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2860-413: Was reported to be seeking treatment. On 11 July 2008, Naruhito sought public understanding for his ailing wife. He was on an eight-day trip to Spain without her: "I would like the public to understand that Masako is continuing to make her utmost efforts with the help of those around her. Please continue to watch over her kindly and over the long term." Pressures to produce a male heir, to conform with

2915-567: Was still receiving treatment for her illness. The Japanese Constitution does not allow the members of the Imperial Family to engage in political activities. Naruhito made controversial comments about discourtesies and pressures placed on his wife by the Imperial Household Agency and his wife's desire to pursue the life of a diplomat. In 2019, Masako accompanied her husband at official events and at his accession ceremonies. During

2970-403: Was the first state visit in modern times to take place during an active election campaign. Masako has periodically been out of the public eye, largely between 2004 and 2014, reportedly due to emotional disorders speculated to be caused by the pressure to produce a male heir and adjusting to life in the Imperial Family. In July 2004, she was diagnosed as suffering from adjustment disorder and

3025-619: Was two years old, where she attended Detskiy Sad (kindergarten in Russian) No. 1127 daycare. At the age of five, Masako's family moved to New York City , where she attended kindergarten at Public School 81 in Riverdale. In 1971, the Owadas returned to Japan, moving in with Masako's maternal grandparents in Meguro while Hisashi returned to the Foreign Ministry office. She entered Futaba Gakuen,

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