Julien de Lallande (Lalande) Poydras (April 3, 1740 – June 23, 1824) was a French American merchant , planter , financier , poet , educator and political leader who served as Delegate from the Territory of Orleans to the U.S. House of Representatives from 1809 to 1811. He was a catalyst in the promotion of Louisiana statehood and helped draft the state's first constitution. He served as the first President of the Louisiana State Senate from 1812 to 1813.
24-740: The Territory of Orleans or Orleans Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from October 1, 1804, until April 30, 1812, when it was admitted to the Union as the State of Louisiana . In 1804, all of the Louisiana Purchase south of the 33rd parallel became the Orleans Territory, and the remainder became the District of Louisiana . (The District of Louisiana
48-640: A U.S. Delegate during the territorial period and, subsequently, in the Louisiana State Senate . He served in a number of community offices in Pointe Coupee, including the post of civil commandant (under Spanish rule), justice of the peace and church warden . After a long and active life, Julien Poydras died on his home plantation near Point Coupee, Louisiana . He was originally interred in Old St. Francis Cemetery. In 1891, his remains were reinterred on
72-455: A continuing care retirement community complete with Independent, Assisted Living, Nursing Care and an Adult Day Program on its historic Magazine Street campus. One of Julien Poydras's more unusual bequests was for dowries of indigent brides in Pointe Coupee and West Baton Rouge Parishes . Legend attributes Julien's lifelong single status to the inability of his fiancée's family to provide
96-537: A more complete list of regions and subdivisions of the United States used in modern times, see List of regions of the United States . † - indicates failed legal entities Unlike the land to the east, most of the land west of the Mississippi River was under French or Spanish rule until the first years of the 19th century. The following are state cessions made during the building of the U.S. The following
120-518: A result of the attempted secession of the Confederacy during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Some were enclaves within enemy-held territories: These were regions disassociated from neighboring areas due to opposing views: Belts are loosely defined sub-regions found throughout the United States that are named for a perceived commonality among the included areas, which is often related to
144-443: Is a list of the 31 U.S. territories that have become states, in the order of the date organized . (All were considered incorporated .) The following are land grants, cessions, defined districts (official or otherwise) or named settlements made within an area that was already part of a U.S. state or territory that did not involve international treaties or Native American cessions or land purchases. These entities were sometimes
168-666: Is the foundation of the Female Orphan Asylum, to which he devoted £100,000. Long after many celebrated names shall have been sunk in oblivion, the name of Julien Poydras will be remembered by the innocent creatures who, by his wise providence and humanity, shall have been sheltered against the misfortune and danger which result from misery, for a weak defenseless sex. By his will he left for a college at Pointe Coupee, 20,000 dollars. For marriage portions to poor girls of said parish, 30,000 dollars. To each of his god-sons and goddaughters, 5,000 dollars. For marriage portions to poor girls of
192-579: The Florida Parishes on the east side of the Mississippi River was not included in Orleans Territory at this time, as it was in the Spanish territory of West Florida . This area was formally appended to the territory on April 14, 1812, after having been annexed forcibly by the U.S. in 1810, although Spain did not formally relinquish any of West Florida until 1821. The western boundary with Spanish Texas
216-717: The U.S. Congress , in December 1806. Judge Dominic Augustin Hall was the U.S. District Judge of the Territory. Judges of the Superior Court were John Bartow Prevost (1804–1808), Ephraim Kirby (1804) (died en route to New Orleans), Peter Stephen Du Ponceau (1804) (declined President Thomas Jefferson 's appointment), William Sprigg (1805–1807), George Mathews, Jr. (1805–1813), Joshua Lewis (1807–1813), and Francois Xavier Martin (1810–1813). At its first meeting on December 3, 1804,
240-425: The Orleans Territory reported the following population counts: William C. C. Claiborne was appointed Governor of the Orleans Territory; he held this position throughout the territorial period. Later he became the first Governor of the state of Louisiana. There were two Territorial Secretaries, James Brown (1804–1807) and Thomas B. Robertson (1807–1811). Daniel Clark became the first Territorial Delegate to
264-583: The cultivation of cotton and sugar cane . He built a number of structures during the late 18th and early 19th centuries, including North Bend plantation house , in 1835, on False River , and owned properties in New Orleans. Poydras wrote the first poetry ever published in Louisiana in 1779, in honor of Don Bernardo de Gálvez 's victory over British troops at the Battle of Baton Rouge , popularly said to have been
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#1732851485689288-569: The grounds of the Poydras School in New Roads , when the old cemetery caved into the Mississippi River . OBITUARY of Julien Poydras 1824, on the 25th of June, at Point Coupee, Louisiana; JULIEN POYDRAS, esq. Mr. P. was a man of very large fortune, and magnificent disposition. He was the first Delegate in Congress, from the territory of Orleans. The act, which no doubt will do most honour to his memory,
312-568: The meantime. Though his heirs supported his wishes, the time of the anticipated manumission (1849) coincided with the growing abolitionist movement . Fearful of its consequences, the Louisiana State Legislature prohibited any manumissions, and Poydras's slaves remained in bondage until Union troops entered Pointe Coupee Parish in connection with the Siege of Port Hudson in 1863 — an additional 14 years. Poydras served Louisiana as
336-816: The only battle of the American Revolutionary War fought outside of the Thirteen Colonies . Poydras's reputation was that of an especially indulgent slaveholder . Yet, while on business in Philadelphia in 1795, a major slave conspiracy began on several plantations along the Mississippi River including Poydras's home plantation. The conspirators, who evidence shows to have been urged on by white Jacobin -minded immigrants, were quickly apprehended and several were executed. Julien Poydras willed that his slaves and their offspring be freed 25 years after his death, and all were to be provided with annuities in
360-571: The only governmental authority in the listed areas, although they often co-existed with civil governments in scarcely populated states and territories. Civilian administered "military" tracts, districts, departments, etc., will be listed elsewhere. During the American Civil War, the Department of the Pacific had six subordinate military districts: The Department of California (1858–1861) comprised
384-908: The parish of West Baton Rouge, 30,000 dollars. To the Charity Hospital of New Orleans, his house on the Levee, between St. Louis and Conti streets, and his house in Bourbon street. To the Poydras Female Asylum, all his houses in Poydras Street , and on the Batture. The remainder of his fortune goes to his family with the exception of some legacies to his friends. In Pointe Coupee the legacy has been diverted to educational purposes, but in West Baton Rouge it continues in its original use [1941]. Poydras himself
408-824: The region's economy or climate. Julien de Lallande Poydras He was born in Rezé (near Nantes ), then in the French province of Brittany . He served in the French Navy and was captured by the British in 1760 and taken to England . He escaped on board a West Indian merchantman to Saint-Domingue , from which he emigrated to Spanish Louisiana in 1768. Poydras was a pioneer businessman, trading first as an itinerant merchant before establishing stores in his domicile of Pointe Coupee Parish . He invested in real estate , buying and selling plantations and retaining some major properties for
432-640: The southern part of the Department of the Pacific: California, Nevada, and southern part of Oregon Territory; merged into the Department of the Pacific as the District of California. The Department of Oregon (1858–1861) comprised the northern part of the Department of the Pacific: Washington Territory and Oregon Territory. These "territories" had actual, functioning governments (recognized or not): These are functioning governments created as
456-615: The states. Congress also established the Superior Court for the Territory of Orleans whose three judges were the top territorial court. On April 10, 1805, the Territorial Legislature organized 12 counties (starting from the southeast corner moving west and north): Orleans, Lafourche, German Coast , Acadia, Iberville, Attakapas , Pointe Coupée, Opelousas, Rapides, Concordia, Natchitoches, and Ouachita. These were replaced in 1807 by 19 civil parishes. The area that later became
480-945: The territory's Legislative Council consisted of Julien de Lallande Poydras , William Kenner , John Watkins , William Wikoff , Benjamin Morgan, Eugene Dorcier, and George Pollock. Organized incorporated territory of the United States The territory of the United States and its overseas possessions has evolved over time , from the colonial era to the present day. It includes formally organized territories, proposed and failed states, unrecognized breakaway states , international and interstate purchases, cessions , and land grants , and historical military departments and administrative districts. The last section lists informal regions from American vernacular geography known by popular nicknames and linked by geographical, cultural, or economic similarities, some of which are still in use today. For
504-700: The usual dowry in order for them to marry. Although the dowry fund in Pointe Coupee Parish was combined with the educational fund, the dowries continued to be issued on an annual basis at least until 1982 in West Baton Rouge Parish, each year's brides receiving an equal share of the interest accrued on the principal during the year. One of the main streets of the New Orleans Central Business District has been named Poydras ever since Julien Poydras owned property there. There
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#1732851485689528-571: Was a bachelor. It is said that, when he came to Louisiana, he owned little more than the pack on his back and, as the girl he loved was too poor to furnish a dowry, it was impossible for them to marry. Among the philanthropic works during his lifetime, Julien Poydras founded the Poydras Asylum in New Orleans, originally a home for female orphans. The community transitioned to nursing care for elderly females but now accommodating persons of both genders. The Poydras Home has expanded in recent years to
552-778: Was later renamed the Louisiana Territory ; and still later, when the Orleans Territory became the State of Louisiana, the Louisiana Territory was renamed the Missouri Territory .) The Organic Act of 1804, passed on March 26 for October 1 implementation, also created the United States District Court for the District of Orleans —the only time Congress has ever provided a territory with a United States district court equal in its authority and jurisdiction to those of
576-665: Was not fully defined until the Adams–Onís Treaty was negotiated in 1819. A strip of land known as the Sabine Free State just east of the Sabine River served as a neutral ground buffer area from about 1807 until the treaty took effect after ratification in 1821. The Orleans Territory was the site of the largest slave revolt in American history, the 1811 German Coast Uprising . In the 1810 United States census , 20 parishes in
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