68-400: Orica Limited ( ASX : ORI ) is an Australian -based multinational corporation that is one of the world's largest providers of commercial explosives and blasting systems to the mining , quarrying , oil and gas , and construction markets, a supplier of sodium cyanide for gold extraction , and a specialist provider of ground support services in mining and tunnelling . Orica has
136-475: A call system, where an exchange employee called the names of each company and brokers bid or offered on each. In the 1960s this changed to a post system. Exchange employees called "chalkies" wrote bids and offers in chalk on blackboards continuously, and recorded transactions made. The ASX (Australian Stock Exchange Limited) was formed in 1987 by legislation of the Australian Parliament which enabled
204-498: A gutful of families being distressed, by potential threats to their safety and threats to their local environment." On 9 November 2011 more than 900 kilograms (2,000 lb) of ammonia was initially suspected of venting to the atmosphere from the Kooragang Island plant during a 45-minute period. The venting was due to a relief valve operating to prevent overpressure of a liquid ammonia tank. Engineering studies subsequently revised
272-617: A manufacturer and distributor of industrial explosives in Peru. In 2023, Orica acquired Terra Insights and Cyanco. Orica's revenue in 2016 was AUD$ 5.1 billion and statutory net profit after tax (NPAT) attributable to the shareholders of Orica for the full year ended 30 September 2016 was $ 343 million. Orica is a member of the Dow Jones Sustainability Index , the Australian SAM Sustainability Index (AuSSI) and
340-418: A network of ponds. The Pleasure Gardens reflect the history of the area with a zoo playground featuring life size animal statues, a mosaic depicting Banks's journey, decorative flag terrace, Banksia garden and the central oval running track. A statue of Sir Joseph Banks examining botanical specimens is located in the pleasure gardens. A number of well-known sporting teams represent the local area. One of them
408-401: A public forum and NSW Government investigation into the leaks, and the temporary shut down of the Kooragang Island plant. Orica's Kooragang Island chemical plant released hexavalent chromium into the atmosphere on 8 August 2011. The known carcinogen was released between 6 and 6:30pm and the spill continued for approximately 20 minutes. An estimated 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of hexavalent chromium
476-521: A significant decline as well as incurred multiple extraordinary charges. During this time there was also significant turnover within the executive leadership team. Remediation began in 2005 after production of chlorinated solvents by ICI over many years resulted in significant contamination of the Botany aquifer , a high-quality sand aquifer located below the eastern suburbs of Sydney , New South Wales . The main chemical contaminant found in groundwater around
544-465: A single contract of greasy wool that by the end of the year had traded 19,042 lots. 1969–1970 : The Poseidon bubble (a mining boom triggered by a nickel discovery in Western Australia) caused Australian mining shares to soar and then crash, prompting regulatory recommendations that ultimately led to Australia's national companies and securities legislation. 1976 : The Australian Options Market
612-455: A steam tramway, with electric services commencing in 1903. The service from Circular Quay initially via Elizabeth , Chalmers and Redfern Streets (from 1902), then in 1933 via Pitt and Castlereagh Streets , and Eddy Avenue , Lee and Regents Streets, to Botany Street in Waterloo. A single-track connection along Bourke and O'Dea Streets joined at the present day Green Square , allowing access to
680-714: A workforce of around 15,000 employees and contractors, servicing customers across more than 100 countries. Orica is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange . It has in recent years been subject to a number of high-profile industrial accidents and fatalities. Founded in 1874 as Jones, Scott and Co, a supplier of explosives during the Victorian gold rush , the company was bought by Nobel Industries . Nobel later merged with several British chemical manufacturers to form Imperial Chemical Industries . In 1928, Imperial Chemical Industries of Australia and New Zealand (ICIANZ)
748-682: Is a NASDAQ OMX ultra-low latency trading platform based on NASDAQ OMX's Genium INET system, which is used by many exchanges around the world. It is one of the fastest and most functional multi-asset trading platforms in the world, delivering latency down to ~250 microseconds. ASX Trade24 is ASX global trading platform for derivatives. It is globally distributed with network access points (gateways) located in Chicago, New York, London, Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Melbourne. It also allows for true 24-hour trading, and simultaneously maintains two active trading days which enables products to be opened for trading in
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#1732852075585816-476: Is a pre-market session from 7:00 am to 10:00 am Sydney time and a normal trading session from 10:00 am to 4:00 pm Sydney time. The market opens alphabetically in Single-price auctions , phased over the first ten minutes, with a small random time built in to prevent exact prediction of the first trades. There is also a single-price auction between 4:10 pm and 4:12 pm to set
884-525: Is responsible for a large groundwater plume of pollution in the area. The main shopping centre in Botany runs along Botany Road. Sir Joseph Banks Park comprises Foreshore Reserve and the Sir Joseph Banks Pleasure Gardens. Foreshore Reserve is 28 hectares of bushland on land reclaimed from Botany Bay . The Reserve features walking tracks through sand dunes to protected wetlands, formed around
952-665: The 2007–2008 financial crisis . The ban on covered short selling was lifted in May 2009. Botany, New South Wales Botany is a suburb in the south of the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales , Australia . Botany is located 11 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the Bayside Council . Botany sits on the northern shore of Botany Bay , east of Sydney Airport , adjacent to
1020-529: The 2021 census of Population, there were 12,960 people in Botany. Port Botany is the site of Sydney's major port and as such, Botany is a suburb with extensive commercial development centred on shipping and freight. Botany also has a large chemical production facility owned by several companies including Huntsman and Orica (previously ICI ). The plant was built in the 1940s and has been owned by Orica since 1997. The plant once manufactured paints , plastics and industrial chemicals such as solvents , and
1088-563: The FTSE4Good Index . These Indexes provide a benchmark for the performance of investments in sustainable companies and funds. Orica releases an annual Sustainability Report that outlines performance against key sustainability metrics. In 2014, Orica was identified as a global leader in natural capital decoupling, which shows the ability of organisations to "decouple" financial growth from environmental impact, by increasing revenue whilst decreasing their absolute impact. Orica operates across
1156-540: The Sydney Stock Exchange , a separate entity). The ASX was formed on 1 April 1987, through incorporation under legislation of the Australian Parliament as an amalgamation of the six state securities exchanges, and merged with the Sydney Futures Exchange in 2006. Today, ASX has an average daily turnover of A$ 4.685 billion and a market capitalisation of around A$ 1.6 trillion , making it one of
1224-541: The world's top 20 listed exchange groups, and the largest in the southern hemisphere. ASX Clear is the clearing house for all shares, structured products, warrants and ASX Equity Derivatives. ASX Group is a market operator, clearing house and payments system facilitator. It also oversees compliance with its operating rules, promotes standards of corporate governance among Australia's listed companies and helps to educate retail investors. The Australian Securities & Investments Commission (ASIC) has responsibility for
1292-583: The ASX could not offer them. The court held they were options and so LEPOs were introduced in 1995. 1995 : Stamp duty on share transactions was halved from 0.3% to 0.15%. The ASX had agreed with the Queensland State Government to locate staff in Brisbane in exchange for the stamp duty reduction there, and the other states followed suit so as not to lose brokerage business to Queensland. In 2000 stamp duty
1360-609: The ASX in 1998. 2000 : In October, ASX acquires a 15% stake in the trading and order management software company IRESS (formerly BridgeDFS Ltd). 2001 : Stamp duty on marketable securities abolished. 2006 : The ASX announced a merger with the Sydney Futures Exchange, the primary derivatives exchange in Australia. ASX Group has two trading platforms – ASX Trade, which facilitates the trading of ASX equity securities and ASX Trade24 for derivative securities trading. All ASX equity securities are traded on screen on ASX Trade. ASX Trade
1428-441: The ASX operating rules. The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) has oversight of the ASX's clearing and settlement facilities for financial system stability. Products and services available for trading on ASX include shares, futures, exchange traded options, warrants, contracts for difference, exchange-traded funds, real estate investment trusts, listed investment companies and interest rate securities. The biggest stocks traded on
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#17328520755851496-559: The ASX, in terms of market capitalisation , include BHP , Commonwealth Bank , Westpac , Telstra , Rio Tinto , National Australia Bank and Australia & New Zealand Banking Group . The major market index is the S&;P/ASX 200 , an index made up of the top 200 shares in the ASX. This supplanted the previously significant All Ordinaries index, which still runs parallel to the S&;P ASX 200. Both are commonly quoted together. Other indices for
1564-619: The Botany Bay Gift attracted international athletes again. The hotel, which was built in stages from 1840, is now listed on the Register of the National Estate . The other historic landmark in the area is St Matthew's Church of England, on the corner of Botany Road and Lord Street. It was built in 1862 and is now on the Register of the National Estate. The city line to Botany opened in 1882 as
1632-564: The Dowling Street Depot. The line then passed down the entire length of Botany Road to Botany. In Mascot , a branch led to the former Ascot Racecourse at the site of Sydney Airport . Points were provided at Bay Street on Botany Road in Botany, for short working. The line was double track throughout. From Botany, a single-track line crossed the Botany Goods railway at Beauchamp Road, then passed along Perry Street and Bunnerong Road, past
1700-525: The EPA recorded a mercury level of 0.0049 grams per cubic metre (8.3 × 10 pounds per cubic yard); more than double the regulatory limit of 0.002 grams per cubic metre (3.4 × 10 pounds per cubic yard). The leak occurred in December 2011 and Orica failed to report the leak to authorities until the following month. The site of the breach was the thermal desorbtion stack at the company's carpark waste remediation project, which
1768-635: The Hobart exchange. In November 1903 the first interstate conference was held to coincide with the Melbourne Cup . The exchanges then met on an informal basis until 1937 when the Australian Associated Stock Exchanges (AASE) was established, with representatives from each exchange. Over time the AASE established uniform listing rules, broker rules, and commission rates. Trading was conducted by
1836-553: The Kooragang Island chemical plant. Emergency services were called to the site including a HAZMAT team. The spill occurred less than a day after the Environmental Protection Authority announced it would allow the reopening of part of the Kooragang Island plant. Local residents continued to criticise the company for failing to notify residents in a timely manner and called for the plant to remain closed. On 8 January 2012 lightning ignited hydrogen being released from
1904-523: The NSW EPA said he was concerned about the ongoing incidents with Orica. On 10 September 2007, 28 people were killed and over 250 injured in Coahuila , Mexico , as a result of an accident between a pick-up and a truck which resulted in an explosion. The truck was transporting about 25 metric tons of dynamite under contract for the company Orica near the cities of Monclova and Cuatro Ciénegas . Exact numbers of
1972-557: The New South Wales Minister for the Environment & Heritage said "I am incredibly angry and disappointed that yet again we have another incident with Orica." In January 2013, the NSW EPA announced that it would conduct a review of off-site emissions of mercury. On 17 January 2012 Orica reported a mercury leak at its Port Botany plant, the second mercury incident since August 2011. In a series of samples of environmental air,
2040-548: The Stock Exchange Automated Trading System (SEATS). It was a far cry from the original system which dated back over 100 years. During that time there had been three different forms of trading on the Australian stock exchanges. The earliest was the auction-based call system, which saw a stock exchange employee (the caller) call the name of each listed security in turn while members bid, offered, sold or bought
2108-759: The Sydney Stock Exchange. 1885 : Two years after the Broken Hill Mining Company (private company) was established by a syndicate of seven men from the Mount Gipps Station , the company was incorporated to become the Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited (BHP). In 1885, BHP listed on the Melbourne Stock Exchange. 1937 : The Australian Associated Stock Exchanges (AASE) was established in 1937. Since 1903
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2176-474: The amalgamation of six independent stock exchanges that formerly operated in the state capital cities. After demutualisation , the ASX was the first exchange in the world to have its shares quoted on its own market. The ASX was listed on 14 October 1998. On 7 July 2006 the Australian Stock Exchange merged with SFE Corporation, holding company for the Sydney Futures Exchange. 1861 : Ten years after
2244-532: The ammonia plant at Kooragang Island. The hexavalent chromium leak was the subject of a New South Wales Parliament Upper House inquiry that was concluded in February 2012. Effluent containing high levels of arsenic leaked into the Hunter River from the Kooragang Island chemical plant on 19 August 2011 at 3pm. Arsenic had not been used on the site since 1993, however during a cleanup of a hexavalent chromium spill on
2312-446: The amount down to ~90 kilograms (200 lb). The leak was identified by firefighters responding to an alarm raised by the hospitalisation of two railway workers at Mayfield who were affected by the plume of escaping gas. Six fire units and a hazardous chemicals unit were called to the chemical plant to deal with the leak of the ammonia gas. Despite initial statements by Orica that the leak posed no public health risk, two rail workers in
2380-535: The area were banned from accessing the groundwater. Orica estimated in 2012 that the GTP had been in operation for seven years of its 30-year design life cycle. The Botany chemical plant released mercury vapour into the atmosphere on 27 September 2011, breaching environmental standards for nine hours. An air monitor located near residents at Banksmeadow detected the mercury vapour and the Office of Environment & Heritage (OEH)
2448-416: The bay as Sting Rays' Harbour, then later Botanist Bay and finally both these names were crossed out and replaced with Botany Bay. The suburb name comes from the bay it stands on. Botany was originally planned as an agricultural district, in the same way the surrounding suburbs were used for market gardens. However, it became an industrial area with fellmongers yards and slaughter works. In 1809, Mr E Redmond
2516-594: The bigger stocks are the S&P/ASX 100 and S&P/ASX 50 . The origins of the ASX date back to the mid-1800s when six separate exchanges were established in Australia's state capital cities of Melbourne , Victoria, (1861), Sydney , New South Wales (1871), Hobart , Tasmania (1882), Brisbane , Queensland (1884), Adelaide , South Australia (1887) and Perth , Western Australia (1889, the Stock Exchange of Perth ). A further exchange in Launceston , Tasmania, merged into
2584-551: The companies headquarters, Orica House in East Melbourne , was Australia's tallest during the 1950s and was one of the first high-rise buildings in Australia's cities. In March 2015 then CEO Ian Smith was ousted from the business due to bullying of a female employee. During Smith's tenure as CEO, some of the senior leadership within the organisation left for other companies. Alberto Calderon replaced Ian Smith in 2015 until 2020. Orica’s earnings post Ian smith’s departure experienced
2652-400: The company did not inform The Department of the Environment. The charges related to a breach of conditions rather than any environmental harm per se ". Throughout August and December 2011 Orica had six major chemicals incidents or leaks in Australia. The first one was a leak of hexavalent chromium from its ammonium nitrate plant near Stockton that affected 70 households; the second one was
2720-770: The daily closing prices. Security holders hold shares in one of two forms, both of which operate as uncertificated holdings, rather than through the issue of physical share certificates : Holdings may be moved from issuer-sponsored to CHESS or between different brokers by electronic message initiated by the controlling participant. Short selling of shares is permitted on the ASX, but only among designated stocks and with certain conditions: Many brokers do not offer short selling to small private investors. LEPOs can serve as an equivalent, while contracts for difference (CFDs) offered by third-party providers are another alternative. In September 2008, ASIC suspended nearly all forms of short selling due to concerns about market stability during
2788-534: The dead and injured vary according to source. Orica's website stated there were a total of 28 fatalities in 2007—one worker and 27 contractors/members of the public. Australian Securities Exchange Australian Securities Exchange Ltd ( ASX ) is an Australian public company that operates Australia's primary securities exchange , the Australian Securities Exchange (sometimes referred to outside of Australia as, or confused within Australia as,
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2856-417: The electronic CLICK system for derivatives began. 1998 : ASX demutualised to become a listed company. It was the first exchange in the world to demutualise and list on its own market, a trend that has been imitated by several other exchanges over the years. The Australian Mutual Provident Society began in 1849 as an organisation offering life insurance. Now known as AMP it became a publicly listed company on
2924-578: The floor of the Sydney Exchange was suspended throughout Friday. Damage totaled $ 2 million and repairs took more than six months, with new carpet laid and cables and computers replaced. Stockbrokers who had taken advantage of joint access were able to trade on the Melbourne Stock Exchange. And, with the Sydney trading floor closed by floodwaters, the Melbourne Exchange enjoyed its busiest trading day for
2992-513: The following markets and industries: Orica operates three primary business areas: Orica is one of the world's largest provider of commercial explosives and blasting systems to the mining, quarrying, oil and gas, and construction markets. Minova is no longer a member of the Orica Group. Products and services include: Orica is a supplier of sodium cyanide for gold extraction. Products and services include: Once Australia's tallest building,
3060-510: The former Bunnerong Power Station to join the La Perouse line at Yarra Junction. Generally a shuttle service operated on this single track section between Botany and La Perouse. This single-track line was cut back to Military Road in 1935. The line from the junctions at Cleveland Street to Botany closed in 1960. Transdev John Holland bus route 309 generally follows the route. Botany has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: According to
3128-466: The ground rules for commissions and the flotation of government and semi-government loan raisings. 1938 : Publication of the first share price index. 1939 : Sydney Stock Exchange closed for the first time due to the declaration of World War II . 1960 : Sydney Futures Exchange began trading as Sydney Greasy Wool Futures Exchange (SGWFE). Its original goal was to provide Australian wool traders with hedging facilities in their own country. SGWFE offered
3196-585: The nearby suburb of Mayfield East were overcome by ammonia fumes and were taken to hospital with breathing difficulties. Less than an hour before the ammonia leak, the Environment Protection Authority announced it would take Orica to court over the hexavalent chromium leak which occurred on 8 August 2011 at the same plant. On 7 December 2011, in excess of 20,000 litres (4,400 imp gal; 5,300 US gal) of weak ammonium nitrate (<35%) solution/fertiliser leaked onto grassed areas at
3264-531: The new trading day in one time zone while products are still trading under the previous day. The normal trading or business days of the ASX are week-days, Monday to Friday. ASX does not trade on national public holidays: New Year's Day (1 January), Australia Day (26 January, and observed on this day or the first business day after this date), Good Friday (that varies each year), Easter Monday, Anzac day (25 April), King's Birthday (June), Christmas Day (25 December) and Boxing Day (26 December). On each trading day there
3332-575: The official advent of the Gold Rush , Australia's first stock exchange was formed in Melbourne. In the 1850s Victoria was Australia's gold mining centre, its population increasing from 80,000 in 1851 to 540,000 in 1861. 1871 : Thirty years after it lit the first gas street light in Sydney, the Australian Gas Light Company took its place in history again, becoming the second company to list on
3400-521: The old ICI site is EDC ( 1,2-dichloroethane ), a persistent organic pollutant and byproduct of the manufacture of PVC . Orica has built an A$ 167 million Groundwater Treatment Plant (GTP) to achieve containment of this contamination and provide high quality industrial water to Botany Industrial Park. Water produced by Orica's GTP saves Sydney's potable water supply around 5 megalitres (1.1 million imperial gallons; 1.3 million US gallons) per day (approx 0.5% of Sydney's water demand). Residents in
3468-512: The plant. Flames higher than 20 metres (66 ft) leapt from the hydrogen stack and were reported by local residents to authorities. A spill of approximately 3,000–4,000 litres (660–880 imperial gallons; 790–1,060 US gallons) of concentrated sulphuric acid occurred at the Port Kembla chemical plant on 16 December 2011. The leak was suspected to be caused by a hole in the ship-to-shore pipeline. Acting chief environmental regulator Mark Gifford from
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#17328520755853536-461: The provision of services to the mining, construction and infrastructure industries. In November 2014, Orica sold its chemicals business to the Blackstone Group . The sale was completed on 2 March 2015, and the chemicals business now operates under the name Ixom. In 2018, Orica acquired GroundProbe, a provider of monitoring and measurement technologies for mining. In 2020, Orica acquired Essa,
3604-602: The release of arsenic into the Hunter River at Newcastle ; the third was of mercury vapours from its Botany site; the fourth was a leak of ammonia from its site at Kooragang ; the fifth was an ammonium nitrate leak of 20,000 litres (4,400 imperial gallons; 5,300 US gallons) at its Kooragang Island plant, only a day after being allowed to reopen; and the sixth incident was a sulphuric acid leak of approximately 3,000–4,000 litres (660–880 imp gal; 790–1,060 US gal) at its Port Kembla site. The fourth leak triggered
3672-494: The site the week prior, old deposits of arsenic leaked into a storage pond and drained into the Hunter River. It was estimated the arsenic concentration was 0.067 milligrams per litre, exceeding licence limits. Barry O'Farrell , the Premier of New South Wales , said "two spills in a fortnight raise reasonable concerns about systemic failures in the way in which this company is operating its facilities." O'Farrell continued, "I've had
3740-460: The state stock exchanges had met on an informal basis, but in 1936 Sydney took the lead in formalising the association. Initially this involved the exchanges in Adelaide, Brisbane, Hobart and Sydney. Melbourne and Perth joined soon after. Through the AASE the exchanges gradually brought in common listing requirements for companies and uniform brokerage and other rules for stockbroking firms. They also set
3808-540: The stock at each call. This system proved inadequate to handle the increased volume of trading during the mining booms. It was replaced by the 'post' system in the early 1960s, which involved stocks being quoted on 'posts' or 'boards'. 'Chalkies' were employed by the Stock Exchange and it was their function to record in chalk the bids and offers of the operators (employees of stockbrokers) and the sales made. This system stayed in place until 1987. 1990 : A warrants market
3876-617: The suburbs of Mascot , Banksmeadow , Pagewood and Port Botany . Botany Bay , to the south, is where Captain James Cook first landed on 29 April 1770, when navigating his way around Australia on his ship, the Endeavour . The ship's English botanist Joseph Banks and Swedish assistant botanist Daniel Solander , spent several days on shore collecting vast numbers of specimens, that were previously unknown in Europe. Cook's journals first referred to
3944-443: The supervision of real-time trading on Australia's domestic licensed financial markets and the supervision of the conduct by participants (including the relationship between participants and their clients) on those markets. ASIC also supervises ASX's own compliance as a public company with ASX Listing Rules. ASX Compliance is an ASX subsidiary company that is responsible for monitoring and enforcing ASX-listed companies' compliance with
4012-459: The year. After that episode a back-up site was established outside the Sydney CBD. 1987 : The Australian Stock Exchange Limited (ASX) was formed on 1 April 1987, through incorporation under legislation of the Australian Parliament. The formation of the national stock exchange involved the amalgamation of the six independent stock exchanges that had operated in the states' capital cities. Launch of
4080-481: Was a popular hotel on the shores of Botany Bay. By 1850, a private zoo had been established there and visitors could go horse riding, play cricket and football. International athletes challenged the locals in the Sir Joseph Banks Handicap on the racetrack. In 1988, the Sir Joseph Banks Pleasure Gardens were refurbished with local industry contributions. The racing track was restored and an annual event called
4148-565: Was abolished in all states as part of the introduction of the GST . 1996 : The exchange members (brokers etc.) voted to demutualise . The exchange was incorporated as ASX Limited and in 1998 the company was listed on the ASX itself, with the Australian Securities & Investments Commission enforcing the listing rules for ASX Limited. 1997 : Electronic trading commences as the option market moves from floor to screen. A phased transition to
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#17328520755854216-942: Was closed when the breach occurred. The New South Wales Environment Protection Authority said the incident was not linked to the mercury emissions breach in September at Orica's other Botany site on Beauchamp Road. On 8 June 2012 the Queensland Department of Environment & Science launched a legal prosecution against Orica in the Gladstone Magistrates' Court. The company was charged with 279 counts of willfully contravening its approvals in relation to alleged cyanide leaks into Gladstone Harbour . The government claimed that in January and February 2012, Orica discharged effluent water containing heightened levels of cyanide into Gladstone Harbour. "The charges are related to allegations that
4284-548: Was discharged from the Orica plant, with another 35–60 grams (1.2–2.1 oz) over the suburb of Stockton. Approximately 20 workers at the plant were exposed as well as 70 nearby homes in Stockton. Orica failed to notify government authorities until 16 hours after the incident and residents were not formally notified for three days. Under a Prevention Notice issued on 11 August 2011, the OEH closed
4352-497: Was established, trading call options . 1980 : The separate Melbourne and Sydney stock exchange indices were replaced by Australian Stock Exchange indices. 1984 : Brokers' commission rates were deregulated. Commissions have gradually fallen ever since, with rates today as low as 0.12% or 0.05% from discount internet-based brokers. 1984 : Sydney Stock Exchange closed due to heavy rain and flooding on 9 November 1984 with 70 millimetres of rain falling in one half-hour. All trading on
4420-683: Was established. 1993 : Fixed-interest securities were added (see Interest rate market below). Also in 1993, the FAST system of accelerated settlement was established, and the following year the CHESS system (see Settlement below) was introduced, superseding FAST. 1994 : The Sydney Futures Exchange announced trading in futures over individual ASX stocks. The ASX responded with the Low Exercise Price Option or LEPO (see below). The SFE went to court, claiming that LEPOs were futures and therefore that
4488-403: Was incorporated to acquire and coordinate all of its Australasian interests. In July 1997, ICI Australia became an independent Australasian company after Imperial Chemical Industries, divested its 62.4 per cent shareholding in the company. ICI Australia was required to change its name and on 2 February 1998 was rebranded as Orica. In 2010, Orica spun off Dulux leaving the company to focus on
4556-452: Was notified. Dr Mariann Lloyd-Smith, said the length of time the emissions lasted was extraordinary, "Mercury is extremely toxic. It is recognised as one of the most important and most hazardous toxins that we deal with, and there is currently a UN negotiation for a global treaty on mercury to address this," she said. The mercury vapour was associated with mercury which had polluted the soil on the Orica site, due to leaking pipes. Robyn Parker ,
4624-471: Was one of the first to settle here and Simeon Lord (1771–1840) was an important developer in the area who built a fulling mill in 1815. In 1823 he was granted 600 acres (2.4 km ) and more grants followed. Part of his estate was subdivided in 1859 to create the Booralee Township and the rest was subdivided in 1887. The Sydney Waterworks were established in Botany in 1858. The Sir Joseph Banks Hotel
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