Misplaced Pages

#187812

66-810: On 8 June 2024, during an operation to rescue hostages held in the in the Nuseirat refugee camp , the Israeli military killed at least 276 people and injured over 698, according to the Gaza Health Ministry and Palestinian health officials. The operation's objective was to recover hostages taken during the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel . The Israeli military acknowledged fewer than 100 Palestinian deaths. Four Israeli captives were rescued— Noa Argamani , Shlomi Ziv, Almog Meir Jan, and Andrey Kozlov—from two multi-story residential apartment buildings in Nuseirat. According to

132-516: A functional hospital, let alone with the scarce resources we have here." The Al-Awda Hospital in Nuseirat was also overwhelmed with casualties, "including many children laid out in the corridors". The strikes destroyed "apartment buildings throughout" [the] "camp, according to witnesses and video footage". The UN human rights office said that both Israeli forces and Palestinian armed groups may have committed war crimes, citing potential "violations of rules of proportionality, distinction and precaution" in

198-417: A metabolite of leucine which is sold as a dietary supplement , has demonstrated efficacy in preventing the loss of muscle mass in several muscle wasting conditions in humans, particularly sarcopenia . Based upon a meta-analysis of seven randomized controlled trials that was published in 2015, HMB supplementation has efficacy as a treatment for preserving lean muscle mass in older adults. More research

264-602: A moment." Her mother died less than a month later. Arab Israeli actress and TV presenter Lama Tatour was fired after she created a post on Instagram regarding Noa Argamani's appearance. She wrote: "this is what a girl that's been in captivity for nine months looks like? [...] This is what innocent women and children are being killed for in Gaza?" and said that Argamani's eyebrows looked better than her own. Some interpreted her comments as "insensitive" and "mocking" Argamani's appearance. Israeli war cabinet member Benny Gantz postponed

330-725: A mosque, the Grand Nuseirat Mosque, was opened by the Qatari envoy to Gaza, Mohammed Al Emadi. The Nuseirat refugee camp has been bombed repeatedly since the start of the Israel-Hamas war . On 18 October 2023 the Grand Nuseirat Mosque was bombed and destroyed by Israeli airstrikes, subsequently the attacks continued causing more than a hundred victims. On 8 June 2024, the IDF and Yamam rescued four Israeli hostages held by Hamas in Nuseirat, including Noa Argamani , during

396-482: A paediatric intensive care doctor with Doctors Without Borders , stated that Al-Aqsa hospital , where 109 Palestinians including 23 children and 11 women and over 100 wounded victims were transported, was a "complete bloodbath." Another 100 people killed in the attacks were taken to al-Awda hospital . It is not known how many combatants are included in these counts. According to the IDF, Hamas pays Palestinian families to hold

462-403: A rescue operation . An IDF spokesperson stated that the hostages were guarded by armed militants and concealed among Gazan civilians. The Gaza Health Ministry reported that at least 274 Palestinians were killed and 698 wounded in the Israeli airstrikes on the refugee camp, causing international outrage and the attack deemed a massacre . The operation took place in two sites in Nuseirat, where

528-517: A scheduled news conference the night of the raid, which coincided with his deadline to resign if Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu did not present a new plan for the war. The following day, he resigned. Allegations of the United States military constructed floating pier in Gaza being used in the IDF operation, were seen after a video showing an IDF helicopter taking off from the beach with the pier in

594-523: A short video saying that the raid had also killed three unnamed Israeli hostages, including one with dual citizenship of the USA. No evidence for this claim was provided. The U.S. had promised aid groups the pier would be a no-go area for Israeli forces and aid operations at the pier are on hold pending a response to aid groups from the U.S. government. On 7 October 2023, the Qassam Brigades (the militant wing of

660-597: A short video with text in Arabic, Hebrew, and English. The video depicted three unidentifiable corpses with their faces obscured by censor bars. The Brigades did not give details of how the hostages supposedly died, but said they were killed by the Israeli military. "In exchange for them, your own army killed 3 of your own captives in the same attack; one of them holds a USA citizenship" - Qassam Brigades, 9 June 2024. The IDF said that they worked with Shin Bet and Israeli police to free

726-797: A significant amount of muscle is lost. Skeletal muscle serves as a storage site for amino acids , creatine , myoglobin , and adenosine triphosphate , which can be used for energy production when demands are high or supplies are low. If metabolic demands remain greater than protein synthesis, muscle mass is lost. Many diseases and conditions can lead to this imbalance, either through the disease itself or disease associated appetite-changes, such as loss of taste due to Covid-19 . Causes of muscle atrophy , include immobility, aging, malnutrition , certain systemic diseases ( cancer , congestive heart failure ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ; AIDS , liver disease , etc.), deinnervation, intrinsic muscle disease or medications (such as glucocorticoids ). Disuse

SECTION 10

#1732854838188

792-477: A single dark room without any contact with the outside world. They faced severe punishments for non-compliance, such as being locked in a small bathroom or buried under blankets in intense heat. The doctor in charge of treatment for the rescued hostages said they were beaten and showed signs of malnutrition due to a lack of adequate food while in captivity. Additionally, the captors subjected them to psychological torment, including threats of death and claims that no one

858-412: A smaller number and size of the muscle cells as well as lower protein content. In humans, prolonged periods of immobilization, as in the cases of bed rest or astronauts flying in space, are known to result in muscle weakening and atrophy. Such consequences are also noted in small hibernating mammals like the golden-mantled ground squirrels and brown bats. Bears are an exception to this rule; species in

924-436: Is a common cause of muscle atrophy and can be local (due to injury or casting) or general (bed-rest). The rate of muscle atrophy from disuse (10–42 days) is approximately 0.5–0.6% of total muscle mass per day although there is considerable variation between people. The elderly are the most vulnerable to dramatic muscle loss with immobility. Much of the established research has investigated prolonged disuse (>10 days), in which

990-754: Is a distinct condition from cachexia although they may co-exist. In 2016 an ICD code for sarcopenia was released, contributing to its acceptance as a disease entity. Muscle diseases, such as muscular dystrophy , amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or myositis such as inclusion body myositis can cause muscle atrophy. Damage to neurons in the brain or spinal cord can cause prominent muscle atrophy. This can be localized muscle atrophy and weakness or paralysis such as in stroke or spinal cord injury . More widespread damage such as in traumatic brain injury or cerebral palsy can cause generalized muscle atrophy. Injuries or diseases of peripheral nerves supplying specific muscles can also cause muscle atrophy. This

1056-443: Is a wasting syndrome caused by an underlying disease such as cancer that causes dramatic muscle atrophy and cannot be completely reversed with nutritional therapy. Sarcopenia is age-related muscle atrophy and can be slowed by exercise. Finally, diseases of the muscles such as muscular dystrophy or myopathies can cause atrophy, as well as damage to the nervous system such as in spinal cord injury or stroke . Thus, muscle atrophy

1122-402: Is also associated with increased risk of infection, decreased immunity, and poor wound healing. The weakness that accompanies muscle atrophy leads to higher risk of falls, fractures, physical disability, need for institutional care, reduced quality of life, increased mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Inactivity and starvation in mammals lead to atrophy of skeletal muscle, accompanied by

1188-431: Is associated with many disease processes, usually with a significant inflammatory component. Cachexia causes ongoing muscle loss that is not entirely reversed with nutritional therapy. The pathophysiology is incompletely understood but inflammatory cytokines are considered to play a central role. In contrast to weight loss from inadequate caloric intake, cachexia causes predominantly muscle loss instead of fat loss and it

1254-1073: Is consistently seen in muscle atrophy due to disuse. The ATP -dependent ubiquitin / proteasome pathway is one mechanism by which proteins are degraded in muscle. This involves specific proteins being tagged for destruction by a small peptide called ubiquitin which allows recognition by the proteasome to degrade the protein. Screening for muscle atrophy is limited by a lack of established diagnostic criteria, although many have been proposed. Diagnostic criteria for other conditions such as sarcopenia or cachexia can be used. These syndromes can also be identified with screening questionnaires. Muscle mass and changes can be quantified on imaging studies such as CT scans or Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) . Biomarkers such as urine urea can be used to roughly estimate muscle loss during circumstances of rapid muscle loss. Other biomarkers are currently under investigation but are not used in clinical practice. Muscle atrophy can be delayed, prevented and sometimes reversed with treatment. Treatment approaches include impacting

1320-588: Is dependent on exercise level, co-morbidities, nutrition and other factors. There are many proposed mechanisms of sarcopenia, such as a decreased capacity for oxidative phosphorylation, cellular senescence or an altered signaling of pathways regulating protein synthesis, and is considered to be the result of changes in muscle synthesis signalling pathways and gradual failure in the satellite cells which help to regenerate skeletal muscle fibers, specifically in "fast twitch" myofibers. Sarcopenia can lead to reduction in functional status and cause significant disability but

1386-460: Is increased weakness which may result in difficulty or inability in performing physical tasks depending on what muscles are affected. Atrophy of the core or leg muscles may cause difficulty standing from a seated position, walking or climbing stairs and can cause increased falls. Atrophy of the throat muscles may cause difficulty swallowing and diaphragm atrophy can cause difficulty breathing. Muscle atrophy can be asymptomatic and may go undetected until

SECTION 20

#1732854838188

1452-638: Is needed to determine the precise effects of HMB on muscle strength and function in various populations. In severe cases of muscular atrophy, the use of an anabolic steroid such as methandrostenolone may be administered to patients as a potential treatment although use is limited by side effects. A novel class of drugs, called selective androgen receptor modulators , is being investigated with promising results. They would have fewer side effects , while still promoting muscle and bone tissue growth and regeneration. These effects have yet to be confirmed in larger clinical trials. Outcomes of muscle atrophy depend on

1518-476: Is not as responsive to nutritional intervention. Cachexia can significantly compromise quality of life and functional status and is associated with poor outcomes. Sarcopenia is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass, quality, and strength associated with aging. This involves muscle atrophy, reduction in number of muscle fibers and a shift towards "slow twitch" or type I skeletal muscle fibers over "fast twitch" or type II fibers . The rate of muscle loss

1584-528: Is seen in nerve injury due to trauma or surgical complication, nerve entrapment, or inherited diseases such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease . Some medications are known to cause muscle atrophy, usually due to direct effect on muscles. This includes glucocorticoids causing glucocorticoid myopathy or medications toxic to muscle such as doxorubicin . Disorders of the endocrine system such as Cushing's disease or hypothyroidism are known to cause muscle atrophy. Muscle atrophy occurs due to an imbalance between

1650-460: Is usually a finding ( sign or symptom ) in a disease rather than being a disease by itself. However, some syndromes of muscular atrophy are classified as disease spectrums or disease entities rather than as clinical syndromes alone, such as the various spinal muscular atrophies . Muscle atrophy results from an imbalance between protein synthesis and protein degradation, although the mechanisms are incompletely understood and are variable depending on

1716-448: The 1948 Palestine war . The Nuseirat camp was named after the local Nuseirat tribe, part of the larger Hanajira confederation, that historically dominated the area between Deir al-Balah and Gaza. Excavations in the area have revealed remains of a large coenobium , including a church with a crypt, a bathhouse and a hospice, reminiscent of the monastery of Martyrius at Ma'ale Adummim . The side has been tentatively identified as that of

1782-672: The Hamas party) launched an attack on Israel . As part of the attack, in which other Palestinian militant groups were also involved, Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad and other Palestinian militant groups kidnapped 251 Israeli civilians and soldiers. This attack led to the Israel–Hamas war . The Nuseirat refugee camp is a long standing UNRWA refugee camp located in the middle of the Gaza Strip, in Deir al-Balah . The camp has been repeatedly bombed during

1848-481: The Israel Defence Force , they were held by Gazan civilians affiliated with Hamas and were guarded by armed Hamas militants. The Israeli military conducted a coordinated air, sea, and ground assault during the operation. Reports indicate there were multiple Palestinian casualties, though the exact numbers are disputed. Yamam officer Arnon Zamora was seriously injured and later died from his injuries. Following

1914-546: The Israeli assault on Rafah , while other Palestinian locals alleged that other forces entered in humanitarian trucks. However, a senior official in the Biden administration claims that the Israeli forces did not use an aid truck. The operation began at about 11 a.m., with the Yamam and Shin Bet officers raiding two multi-story buildings about 200 meters apart, in the center of Nusseirat, where

1980-564: The Palestine Chronicle, a nonprofit online publication based in the United States. Ramy Abdu , chairman of the Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor , reported that Ahmed Al-Jamal, Abdullah Al-Jamal, and the latter's wife were all killed after Israeli forces stormed the home by ladder. The Palestine Chronicle claimed inconsistencies in the Israeli narrative, but a Wall Street Journal investigation found that

2046-412: The monastery of Seridus . The camp was established after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion during the 1948 Palestine war . Most refugees of this camp came from the southern areas of Palestine such as Beersheba and the coastal plain. Prior to the camp's establishment by UNRWA , the roughly 16,000 original refugees settled in the grounds of a former British military prison at the site. In May 2018

Nuseirat rescue and massacre - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-793: The Al-Jamal family had been known for its close ties with and support of Hamas. Locals criticized Hamas for placing hostages in civilian areas. During the extraction of the three male hostages, a major gun battle reportedly erupted, causing the critical wounding of the commander of the Yaman rescue team for that building. During the operation, the Southern Command and the Air Force said they exchanged fire with Hamas militants. An IDF spokesman said its forces were fired upon inside buildings and during their withdrawal from Gaza. The three male hostages were extracted from

2178-586: The Israel-Hamas war, with over a hundred Palestinians killed in the attacks. The most recent attack on the camp occurred only days before the rescue operation, with IDF forces striking the UNRWA school in the camp, killing at least 33 people. The deceased classification are contested with Gaza sources reporting a number of women and children were in the death toll, while the IDF said the deceased included Hamas Nukhba and Palestinian Islamic Jihad militants. This operation

2244-475: The Israeli side, the operation resulted in the death of Yamam officer Chief Inspector Arnon Zamora. Argamani was reunited with her father and transported to Sheba Medical Center to be reunited with her mother, where she was being treated for terminal brain cancer . Her father told reporters "Today is my birthday, and what a present I received". During a phone call with Argamani, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that "we didn't give up on you for

2310-452: The Re'im music festival, and were identified as Noa Argamani (26-years-old), Almog Meir Jan (22-years-old), Andrey Kozlov (27-years-old), and Shlomi Ziv (41-years-old). Both Argamani and Meir Jan were festival goers while Kozlov, a recent immigrant from Russia, and Ziv had been employed as security guards for the festival. Argamani was shown in one of the initial videos released by Hamas documenting

2376-430: The attack, although Reuters was unable to immediately verify the footage. Additional footage showed Palestinians in the market area diving for cover as missiles flew in and gunfire erupted. The US denied that its Gaza floating pier (intended for the delivery of aid into Gaza) was used in the operation. The denial followed the release of imagery showing the landing zone used for the air evacuation immediately south along

2442-460: The background began to circulate online on 8 June. Two United States officials responded to the claims, stating that the pier was only used for humanitarian aid and the helicopter was used to return the hostages into Israel and had landed south of the pier but not within the cordoned off area. The U.S. had promised aid groups the pier would be a no-go area for Israeli forces and the UN has put aid operations at

2508-483: The building was demolished by another strike. Shortly before noon, another strike demolished the building where Noa Argamani had been held captive. Eyal Shahtout, a resident of a neighboring building, informed The New York Times that his home was hit, resulting in many of his family members being buried under the debris. 18 of his family members were killed, including his wife, four children, and two grandchildren. The Israeli military did not provide an explanation for why

2574-430: The case of the former and "holding hostages in densely populated areas" for the latter. The death toll resulting from the operation has been disputed. The Gaza Health Ministry stated on the same day as the operation that the number of victims "has risen to 210 martyrs and more than 400 wounded." Later that day the number was updated to 274 Palestinians killed during the operation with around 700 wounded. Tanya Haj-Hassan,

2640-433: The cause. Muscle loss can be quantified with advanced imaging studies but this is not frequently pursued. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but will often include exercise and adequate nutrition. Anabolic agents may have some efficacy but are not often used due to side effects. There are multiple treatments and supplements under investigation but there are currently limited treatment options in clinical practice. Given

2706-427: The coast from the pier, with the U.S. facility clearly visible in the near background. According to reports, "at least one of the vehicles" containing the three male captives broke down and the Israeli military called in support, "attacking from the air, from the sea and on the ground with massive force." At 11:27 a.m., a strike occurred near the building from which the three male hostages were rescued. Subsequently,

Nuseirat rescue and massacre - Misplaced Pages Continue

2772-556: The family Ursidae are famous for their ability to survive unfavorable environmental conditions of low temperatures and limited nutrition availability during winter by means of hibernation . During that time, bears go through a series of physiological, morphological, and behavioral changes. Their ability to maintain skeletal muscle number and size during disuse is of significant importance. During hibernation, bears spend 4–7 months of inactivity and anorexia without undergoing muscle atrophy and protein loss. A few known factors contribute to

2838-538: The four Israeli hostages. It was also later reported that the operation was aided by intelligence support from the United States and the United Kingdom . The operation was planned for several weeks, and was carried out after an intelligence opportunity arose. Some of the special forces members entered the refugee camp in a vehicle with a mattress on top, posing as Palestinian refugees fleeing Rafah per Saudi reporters. They reportedly told locals that they were escaping

2904-536: The home was targeted. To the south of the hostage sites, a market was also struck. At 11:45 a.m., plumes of smoke were visible in downtown Nuseirat. Scores of local people, including children, were killed. According to a statement from Doctors without Borders , which works nearby at the Al-Aqsa Martyrs Hospital in Deir al-Balah , "there have been back-to-back mass casualties as densely populated areas are bombed. It’s way beyond what anyone could deal with in

2970-412: The hostages in their houses, which may account for the high casualties. In addition, a large firefight occurred as IDF special forces were attempting to extract the hostages, reportedly coming under fire from dozens of militants with RPGs and machine guns when their vehicle became stuck. The IDF then called in airstrikes to cover their evacuation. The IDF estimates the number of casualties from the operation

3036-488: The hostages were kept, a school and a marketplace. Muscle atrophy Disuse causes rapid muscle atrophy and often occurs during injury or illness that requires immobilization of a limb or bed rest. Depending on the duration of disuse and the health of the individual, this may be fully reversed with activity. Malnutrition first causes fat loss but may progress to muscle atrophy in prolonged starvation and can be reversed with nutritional therapy. In contrast, cachexia

3102-457: The hostages were reportedly held in two family homes. During captivity the hostages were held in a civilian environment, guarded by armed militants. The female hostage, Argamani, was reportedly held separately from the three male hostages, who had been reportedly held together throughout their eight-month captivity. None of them were held in the Hamas tunnel network. The IDF stated that, at the time of

3168-399: The implications of muscle atrophy and limited treatment options, minimizing immobility is critical in injury or illness. The hallmark sign of muscle atrophy is loss of lean muscle mass. This change may be difficult to detect due to obesity, changes in fat mass or edema. Changes in weight, limb or waist circumference are not reliable indicators of muscle mass changes. The predominant symptom

3234-403: The last location, the family made her wash their dishes. Ynet reported that she also cooked at times with basic ingredients she was provided. The Qassam Brigades (the militant wing of the Hamas movement) claimed that three other hostages were killed as a result of the raid. They did not name any of them, or show photographs, but they claimed that one of the three was a US citizen and released

3300-443: The marketplace stated that about 150 rockets fell at and around the market place in less than 10 minutes. Per a resident and paramedic in the camp, the assault felt like a "horror movie" and that Israeli drones and warplanes fired randomly throughout the night at peoples homes and those who tried to flee the area. Videos were posted to social media, reportedly showing corpses with entrails spilling out lying on blood-stained streets after

3366-868: The massacre. She was seen being taken away on a motorcycle while yelling, "Don't kill me!" Her arms are outstretched towards her boyfriend, Avinatan Or, who was also being kidnapped. This footage became emblematic of the hostage crisis, leading to Argamani being described as "the face of the Nova music festival hostages." Argamani's family had indications that she was alive, as she appeared in a Hamas video released in January 2024. The abductees had suffered from malnutrition in captivity and were often beaten. The three male hostages, Shlomi Ziv, Almog Meir Jan, and Andrey Kozlov reported that they had gone through physical and psychological abuse while in Hamas captivity in Gaza, as reported by The Wall Street Journal. For six months they were confined to

SECTION 50

#1732854838188

3432-524: The middle of the Gaza Strip , five kilometers north-east of Deir al-Balah . The refugee camp is in the Deir al-Balah Governorate , Gaza Strip. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics , the refugee camp had a population of 31,747 and the surrounding Nuseirat municipality had a population of 54,851 in 2017. The camp was established after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion during

3498-484: The muscle is compromised primarily by declines in muscle protein synthesis rates rather than changes in muscle protein breakdown. There is evidence to suggest that there may be more active protein breakdown during short term immobility (<10 days). Certain diseases can cause a complex muscle wasting syndrome known as cachexia . It is commonly seen in cancer, congestive heart failure , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , chronic kidney disease and AIDS although it

3564-482: The muscles. Adequate calories and protein is crucial to prevent muscle atrophy. Protein needs may vary dramatically depending on metabolic factors and disease state, so high-protein supplementation may be beneficial. Supplementation of protein or branched-chain amino acids , especially leucine, can provide a stimulus for muscle synthesis and inhibit protein breakdown and has been studied for muscle atrophy for sarcopenia and cachexia. β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB),

3630-425: The normal balance between protein synthesis and protein degradation. This involves complex cell signalling that is incompletely understood and muscle atrophy is likely the result of multiple contributing mechanisms. Mitochondrial function is crucial to skeletal muscle health and detrimental changes at the level of the mitochondria may contribute to muscle atrophy. A decline in mitochondrial density as well as quality

3696-562: The operation, Abu Obaida , a Hamas member and al- Qassam Brigades spokesman referred to the rescue operation as a massacre , and warned that it would result in greater threats to the Israeli hostages. EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell described the events as a "bloodbath." The Gaza Health Ministry reported that at least 274 Palestinians were killed in the camp, including 64 children and 57 women, with at least 698 people reported injured. The IDF said they were aware of fewer than 100 Palestinian casualties. The Qassam Brigades later released

3762-425: The pier on hold while it investigates and decides whether the Israeli usage, real or apparent, of the pier facilities and the perception of that by Palestinians, mitigates against continued engagement at the pier. Oxfam and other aid organizations said they are waiting for answers from the U.S. government. Nuseirat refugee camp Nuseirat ( Arabic : مخيّم النصيرات ) is a Palestinian refugee camp located in

3828-533: The refugee camp, but when the extraction vehicle became stuck, additional forces had to rescue them as the vehicle came under fire. They were then brought to a landing zone on the coast and airlifted into Israel. The abductees were not injured, and were transferred to Sheba Medical Center . A witness in the camp reported a "crazy bombardment" occurred suddenly, while another stated that the strike happened when people were sleeping. Witnesses reported that entire residential blocks were wiped out. A witness who had been in

3894-444: The rescue, the three male hostages were being held in the family home of Ahmed Al-Jamal, a physician. His son Abdullah Al-Jamal , a freelance journalist, was also in the household. Al Jazeera disputed IDF allegations that Abdullah Al-Jamal had been one of its journalists, stating that he had contributed to an opinion piece published on its website but had no other involvement with the network. Abdullah Al-Jamal had also contributed to

3960-568: The signaling pathways that induce muscle hypertrophy or slow muscle breakdown as well as optimizing nutritional status. Physical activity provides a significant anabolic muscle stimulus and is a crucial component to slowing or reversing muscle atrophy. It is still unknown regarding the ideal exercise "dosing." Resistance exercise has been shown to be beneficial in reducing muscle atrophy in older adults. In patients who cannot exercise due to physical limitations such as paraplegia, functional electrical stimulation can be used to externally stimulate

4026-402: The sustaining of muscle strength in hibernating bears is the occurrence of periodic voluntary contractions and involuntary contractions from shivering during torpor . The three to four daily episodes of muscle activity are responsible for the maintenance of muscle strength and responsiveness in bears during hibernation. Muscle-atrophy can be induced in pre-clinical models (e.g. mice) to study

SECTION 60

#1732854838188

4092-414: The sustaining of muscle tissue. During the summer, bears take advantage of the nutrition availability and accumulate muscle protein. The protein balance at time of dormancy is also maintained by lower levels of protein breakdown during the winter. At times of immobility, muscle wasting in bears is also suppressed by a proteolytic inhibitor that is released in circulation. Another factor that contributes to

4158-435: The underlying cause and the health of the patient. Immobility or bed rest in populations predisposed to muscle atrophy, such as the elderly or those with disease states that commonly cause cachexia , can cause dramatic muscle atrophy and impact on functional outcomes. In the elderly, this often leads to decreased biological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors known as the " frailty syndrome ." Loss of lean body mass

4224-497: Was coming to rescue them. Prof. Itai Pesach at the Sheba Medical Centre who treated the three male hostages, stated that they suffered from severe trauma and had muscle atrophy due to malnutrition. The entire Gaza Strip has faced severe food shortages since 9 October 2023, which were ongoing at the time of the raid. Argamani said she had been held in four different apartments during her eight months in captivity and that in

4290-518: Was the third known successful hostage rescue carried out by the IDF since the start of the war. IDF Corporal Ori Megidish was rescued in October 2023 from the northern part of the Gaza Strip, and two male hostages were rescued in February 2024 from southern Rafah. Additionally, a number of Israeli hostages and Palestinian prisoners were exchanged in 2023 . All four hostages rescued had been abducted from

4356-432: Was “under 100.” According to Hamas spokesman Abu Obaida , the operation resulted in the deaths of several other Israeli hostages, which IDF spokesman Peter Lerner dismissed. The day after the operation Hamas's armed wing uploaded a video to its Telegram channel appearing to show corpses of three hostages that were reportedly killed during the rescue operation, but with the faces blanked out to prevent identification. On

#187812