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67-693: The Oldfield River is an ephemeral river in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia that rises 95 kilometres (59 mi) inland from the South Coast at the edge of the Yilgarn plateau. The river starts at 300 metres (984 ft) above sea level then flows in a south easterly direction crossing the South Coast Highway near Munglinup . The river gently undulates through sandstone forming gentle valleys with many granite outcrops,

134-437: A waka concerning death. Ephemerality has received increased attention from modern academics, in fields such as: literary studies , art history , book history, digital media studies , performance studies – "and the 'archival turn' in the humanities as a whole". The ephemerality of dance has engendered concern since at least the sixteenth century. Curators of modern and contemporary art have increasingly expressed

201-618: A region is ephemeral. Fletcher%27s frog Fletcher's frog ( Platyplectrum fletcheri ), commonly known as the sandpaper frog or black-soled frog , is a species of nocturnal, terrestrial frog native to eastern Australia. It is primarily found in wet sclerophyll forests along mountain ranges and the coast. The Fletcher's frog's breeding behavior revolves around ephemeral water bodies created by rainfall. Male frogs compete with one another over territories that contain these pools, while female frogs choose desirable males to mate with. Female frogs produce foam and lay their eggs within

268-405: A feature essential to Fletcher's frog's breeding success. There have been several confirmed sightings of the species in the 800-mile region between Ourimbah , New South Wales , and southeastern Queensland . Considered a medium-sized anuran, Fletcher's frog is approximately 4–5 centimeters in length. It has a reddish-brown to black colored back and a white colored stomach. Although its stomach

335-409: A greater investment in current reproduction efforts. For a species where an individual may only have the opportunity to mate once a year, a male is willing to invest excessively in mating calls – even if it is detrimental to its survival. Female selectivity and terminal reproductive signaling results in a competition where males call and reduce their condition, but benefit by attracting females. Among all

402-580: A hard outer cast, effectively reducing water loss by reflecting solar radiation and trapping moisture. Fletcher's frog eggs can survive and even continue developing for several days in the absence of free-standing water. Although eggs in the periphery of the nest structure dried more rapidly, the embryos in the center were preserved long enough until additional rainfall replenished the well, helping to reduce larvae death. Female frogs prefer to lay their eggs in pools that contain pre-existing eggs (as opposed to laying their eggs in empty pools). Adult frogs perceive

469-582: A hugely successful aggregator of ephemeral media". In 2009, Ian Christie considered that a substantial amount of modern media, aligned with "rapid proliferati[on]", "may prove much more ephemeral than the flip-book ". Wang Tao , Stevens and Rubem Fonseca evoked ephemerality via female characters; Virginia Woolf used the rainbow as a symbol whereas grass occupies a similar role in the Bible; F. Scott Fitzgerald and John Keats elicited melancholic ephemerality in showcases of consumption . Historically,

536-418: A low flood risk. Named as Oldfield river by the settler Michael Simon Dempster in a letter written in 1866, the river is thought to have been named after Augustus Frederick Oldfield a plant collector who was active around the south coast of Western Australia. The river was most likely named by Albert Young Hassell of Jerramungup who explored the area in 1861. There appears to be some conjecture regarding

603-656: A matter of decades. Furthermore, ephemerality can be perceived as defiance of value or durability; common uses of the term indicate a "complicated relationship between temporality and value". Ephemerality is a matter of varying scale and can affect the entire spectrum of literature, from a "finely bound" Bible to a "hastily printed" handbill: "Paper is the medium of permanence and ephemerality at once". Due to them often outlasting their expressed purpose, these objects can be perceived as temporal and ontological oddities; ephemerality has been described as constitutionally liminal. Ephemerality has been seen as indicative of epochs like

670-496: A metric for mate evaluation, Fletcher's frog engages in assorted mating behavior based on body condition. The condition of amplecting pairs is positively correlated, suggesting an assorted mating behavior where individuals find mates whose quality is comparable to their own. Male frogs remain stationary next to the ephemeral waters and employ mating calls to attract mobile females throughout multiple rain seasons. Weight loss, reduced feeding rates, and exposure to prediction are some of

737-441: A preference for conspecific eggs when it was added to their container. In the wild, tadpoles have also been observed to hunt mosquito larvae, supporting the notion that non-specialised tadpole species will engage in active opportunistic predation to obtain animal-based food. The Fletcher's frog's development is very rapid. Tadpoles hatch from their eggs after 3 to 4 days, and metamorphism occurs after 20 to 30 days. The lifespan of

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804-458: A river network is a particularly significant element in the hydrological transmission of waterborne diseases , via a direct and indirect presence in the transmission cycle – the nature of the disease and area covered are important factors as well. Diseases like malaria , dengue fever , chikungunya , zika and schistosomiasis are found in ephemeral waterbodies due to their vectors relation and/or reliance. Examples of ephemeral streams are

871-490: A seasonal manner. Landscapes feature ephemeral changes of both natural and man-made origin. Furrows , haystacks and sheaves are ephemeral aspects of a landscape. Plants whose life cycle is significantly less than the time of a growing season are deemed ephemeral. Winter annuals , Epilobium and Senecio vulgaris are examples of ephemeral plants. The conditions for ephemeral plants are markedly present in deserts. Animals can be ephemeral, with brine shrimp and

938-574: A similar interest; curator of said genres Jan Schall described them as varyingly ephemeral. Ephemerality present in digital literature and poetry has seen critical analysis. Russell questioned if scholarly conceptions of "the everyday" was deeply intertwined with ephemerality, despite attention to a relation being thus far faint. Social historians and historians of sound have contended their subject's ephemerality by utilising more material forms; creative soundwork has long been subordinate to these forms on account of its ephemerality. The ephemerality of

1005-514: A social norm that "the discourse will pass and be forgotten as the past". Ephemerality is a technologically and socially reliant concept – relative and historically changing. The rudimentary technology of early radio led to the media broadcast being ephemeral and for a substantial amount of time spoken communication was ephemeral. Written communication, historically and presently, has been influenced by ephemerality. The emergence of new digital media and technology develops what we deem ephemeral, to

1072-404: A status as long being ephemeral, acknowledged by some affected in the then-present. The ubiquity of digital media has spurred the opinion that print material is comparatively less ephemeral. Elisa New and Anna Akhmatova varyingly opined that poetry is a means of repealing mortal ephemerality, with Akhamatova invoking the aphorism ars longa, vita brevis ("skillfulness takes time and life

1139-653: A thoroughly modern experience". Ephemerality was furthermore prominent in the late 20th century, on account of multiple social features; Reiko Tomii described ephemerality as a "defining issue of the 1960s". In the 21st century, ephemerality "continues to signify concerns about the overflow of information, its evanescence, and questions of what or should be preserved". David Harvey defined postmodernism as "a total acceptance of ephemerality". Architecture of an ephemeral nature appears as increasingly commonplace, on account of global and capricious hyper-mobility and mass displacement. Marc Augé observed ephemerality as key to

1206-460: Is a consequence of choosing a specific egg deposition site. Fletcher's frog lays its eggs exclusively in ephemeral water bodies that dry out in weeks or days; thus, the breeding duration is restricted to the onset of each rain event. Because heavy rainfall can occur multiple times throughout the mating season, explosive breeding during a short period of time is often separated by long stretches of general inactivity. While most anurans use size as

1273-452: Is a semelparous species, mating and laying an abundance of eggs after a courtship opportunity that might arise once in a lifetime. Fletcher's frog was classified in the former genus Lechriodus until its synonymization with Platyplectrum in 2021. Prior to its merging, Lechriodus was one of three subfamilies of Leptodactylidae present in New Guinea and Australia. Three other species in

1340-402: Is contingent. Baudelaire, who considered aesthetics to be centered around an interplay of the perennial and the ephemeral, defined the artistic component of modernity by its ephemeral quality. Sarah Kofman posited that art is utilised to abate the "intolerable nature of all ephemeral things". Ephemerality has been relevant to a considerable amount of art; various artists have drawn upon

1407-511: Is generally smaller in size. Moreover, it has horizontal pupils instead of the vertical pupils found in the Mixophyes genus. Adults consume a variety of small insects ranging from flies (e.g. chironomidaeto , psychodidae , etc.) to beetles (e.g. scirtdae ). Feltcher's frog tadpoles are cannibalistic, actively preying on conspecific eggs by removing sections of oviduct fluid from the froth nests and consuming them whole. Tadpoles remain near

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1474-581: Is listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species ( IUCN Red List ) as Least Concerned in 2004 due to its abundance in suitable habitats; however, the IUCN Red List acknowledges that the status to be updated to reflect the current population demographic. In 2004, the IUCN Red List claimed that the species has become more difficult to find in Queensland due to

1541-450: Is short"). Ephemeral objects chiefly disappear; when preserved it is often knowingly, having been "rescued from ephemerality", though this practice is still fraught with uncertainty and an object's ephemerality may only be suspended, thus still capable of being transitory. The legacy of ephemerality often manifests as "traces, glimmers, residues, and specks of things". Literature may contest, document or approximate ephemerality although

1608-498: Is smooth in texture, the back of Fletcher's frog is granular and contains multiple ridges. The limbs have dark-colored crossbands. One shaded narrow stripe runs between the frog's eyes. There is an additional band that starts at the nostril, extends through the eye, curves around the tympanum, and ends at the shoulder. The frog's pupil is horizontal, and the iris is golden in color. Fingers and toes show traces of webbing. The hands of Fletcher's frog consist of four fingers. In both hands,

1675-519: Is that which only exists following precipitation . They are not the same as intermittent or seasonal waterbodies, which exist for longer periods, but not all year round. Ephemeral streams can be difficult to "conceptually defin[e]"; those that are discontinuous, due to altering between aggradation or degradation, have the appearance of continual change. Furthermore, the characteristics of terrain and rainfall are profound in affecting ephemeral streams. Ephemeral waterbodies experience formative change upon

1742-505: Is unknown why female Fletcher's frogs exhibit both solitary and communal nesting behaviors, but there may be specific circumstances where the costs associated with communality occasionally outweigh the benefits. Conspecifics at two different stages in the anuran life cycle (eggs and tadpoles) have opposing effects on a female Fletcher's frog's choice of oviposition site. Although female frogs seek water bodies with preexisting eggs, they do not prefer sites that include conspecific tadpoles. Given

1809-1275: The Luni river in Rajasthan , India , Ugab River in Southern Africa , and a number of small ephemeral watercourses that drain Talak in northern Niger . Other notable ephemeral rivers include the Todd River and Sandover River in Central Australia as well as the Son River , Batha River , and the Trabancos River . Any endorheic basin , or closed basin, that contains a playa (dry lake) at its drainage lowpoint can become an ephemeral lake. Examples include Lake Carnegie in Western Australia , Lake Cowal in New South Wales , Mystic Lake and Rogers Lake in California, and Sevier Lake in Utah . Even

1876-587: The National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL) catalogued a specimen of Hibbertia racemosa (Endl.) Gilg., collected on the Oldfield River, with a hand written annotation by Ferdinand von Mueller stating "This river was named by me. F.M.", no doubt after his colleague Augustus Frederick Oldfield . 33°51′26.39″S 120°46′59.21″E  /  33.8573306°S 120.7831139°E  / -33.8573306; 120.7831139 Ephemeral An ephemeral stream

1943-499: The human condition , a phenomenon of physicality. A significant amount of living is ephemeral, considered by some as a component of everyday life: "we might best understand the ephemeral as a routine and constant force... that establishes the presence of the everyday". Ephemeral aspects are evident in communication, of both digitial and physical origin. In the digital realm, online interactions straddle permanency and ephemerality, new posts proliferate such that participants adopt

2010-416: The mayfly being examples. The placenta is considered an ephemeral organ present during gestation and pregnancy . Ephemerality is a component of olfaction , breathing, speech and memory, aligned with permanency in the latter. With regards to witnessing an artwork in a museum, limited research indicates that the ephemerality of solely gazing at the artwork results in greater remembrance compared to

2077-401: The "touch of those who would erase queer possibility". Freud considered culture as the prevailing element exempt from ephemerality. Scheibe saw the likes of live theater, travel abroad, stand-up comedy, and political pundits as engendering greater ephemerality by reducing attention spans and sense of personal history. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels ' perception of ephemerality "represents

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2144-408: The 21st century—the advent of the telegraph , camera , and film projector instilled an understanding of ephemeral media. Scholars such as Charles Baudelaire , Georg Simmel , and Walter Benjamin saw the distinctly and intentionally ephemeral practice of fashion as emblematic of modernity. Scholars have described ephemerality as affixed to the present , a present that is ephemeral insofar as it

2211-464: The European naming of the Oldfield River. One theory is the river was named by the settler Michael Simon Dempster, in a letter written in 1866, after Augustus Frederick Oldfield, a plant collector who was active around the south coast of Western Australia. Another is the river was most likely named by Albert Young Hassell of Jerramungup who explored the area in 1861. However, in early 2022, a staff member at

2278-606: The Fletcher's frog is estimated to be less than 2 years, which is significantly shorter than the average temperate zone anuran lifespan of 4-6 years. Recapture data suggests that nearly all breeding adults do not survival before the start of a new mating season, meaning that the breeding population is almost completely replaced every year. As a nocturnal anuran, Fletcher's frog has an extended breeding season from September to March; however, mating only occurs at night during discrete periods of heavy rainfall. This punctuated breeding pattern

2345-492: The Fletcher's frog, despite being an obligate ephemeral pool breeder maintains a stable, reproductively active population over time. Hydaticus parallelus , a species of predatory water beetle, is a voracious predator of Fletcher's frog larvae. Female H. parallelus show a preference to deposit eggs in habitats that contain Fletcher's frog larvae. The H. parallelus' sit-and-wait and swim-and-hunt predation techniques are extremely effective for hunting Fletcher's frog larvae in

2412-510: The High Castle and The Plot Against America depict Americana and the nation itself as ephemeral. Ephemerality has been central to Buddhism; Yogācāra teaches a version of ontology that centers around universal ephemerality . Ephemerality has been identified as relevant to queer cultures ; José Esteban Muñoz argued that queerness and ephemerality are intertwined, as the former has been expressed in methods which are prone to fade upon

2479-635: The Printing Revolution, a greater expansion thereof, the Baroque era, the Victorian era , the Georgian era , modernity , or the "emergent post-print age". The likes of food, clothes, novels, zines , illnesses, breath, regimes, persons, glass, ash and ephemera have been said to illustrate and/or be affected by ephemerality. The new media of the 20th century conditioned perceptions of ephemerality in

2546-497: The creations were subject to being abruptly disregarded due to the cascading "gaze of fashion". Wallace Stevens adjusted his poetic standards due to a "perception of ephemerality" that living in New York City instigated. Art Spiegelman asserted that the format of comics, even during degradation, defies ephemerality, although they have been deemed as such. Women's writing, the likes of diaries and political pamphlets, have amassed

2613-571: The driest and lowest place in North America, Death Valley (more specifically Badwater Basin ), became flooded with a short-lived ephemeral lake in the spring of 2005. Costelloe et al. (2009) describes salt lakes found in the arid zone of Australia as profoundly ephemeral. There are also ephemeral islands such as Banua Wuhu and Home Reef . These islands appear when volcanic activity increases their height above sea level, but disappear over several years due to wave erosion. Bassas da India , on

2680-646: The ecosystems of ephemeral pools. Ephemeral habitat patches have repeatedly been assessed as detrimental to metapopulation persistence, although metapopulations are not always negatively affected by ephemeral landscapes. These patches occur as a result of the habitat's turnover. Ephemeral streams have, relative to their perennial counterparts, lower species richness; the streams are "potentially demanding" for inhabitants, although some species do reside. Ephemeral rivers sometimes form waterholes in geological depressions or areas scoured by erosion, and are common in arid regions of Australia. The ephemerality of

2747-475: The end of a hydroperiod. "Due to lack of continuous hydrology data, the designation of sites as ephemeral or intermittent is necessarily tenuous". Ephemeral streams feature a low degree of hydrological connectivity. Small wetlands are often ephemeral and ephemeral ecosystems are often aquatic; ephemeral wetlands , streams and ponds are a varied and global occurrence. In northeastern United States , ephemeral freshwater systems are abundant and are "critical to

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2814-619: The ephemeral water pools, where vegetation is limited. Like other anurans, Fletcher's frog is vulnerable to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) , a fungal pathogen that infects the skin and disrupts osmoregulation. Susceptibility to Bd varies by species, but Fletcher's frog suffers from a particularly high mortality rate when infected with the disease. While some frog species (ex. Lim. peronii and Lim. tasmaniensis ) perform skin sloughing to reduce infection load, this mechanism does appear to be effective for Fletcher's frog where infection intensity continues despite shedding. Fletcher's frog

2881-452: The ephemerality of dreams was utilised in ample East Asian literature as a metaphor for immaterial reality whereas Baroque writings depicted the matter as analogous to life. Scholar of comparative literature Stuart Lasine noted that writers have frequently invoked ephemerality as a negative aspect of the human condition . Ephemerality was profound to Dōgen and was intertwined with sorrow and regret; he used "the imagery of ephemerality" in

2948-444: The fervent signalers, superior females will select the best-conditioned males from the already depleted group, resulting in assortative mating. Fletcher's frog exploits ephemeral pools, including water-filled tree hollows for reproduction, laying approximately 300 eggs in an organized, mucosal clutch structure within the water body. To improve oxygenation while still maintaining protection from external stressors, Fletcher's frog beats

3015-443: The former Lechriodus genus are Platyplectrum aganoposis , Platyplectrum melanopyga , and Platyplectrum platyceps . Fletcher's frog resides in the temperate rainforest along the southeast coast of Australia, preferring a habitat with high rainfall and deep soil. This frog actively seeks areas with mid-slopes or plateaux. The environment provided by these geographical conditions fosters an abundance of ephemeral water bodies,

3082-414: The frothy mass. The nest's mucus has protective properties that enhance the survival odds of the progeny. Because ephemeral environments are resource-poor, sandpaper frog tadpoles rely primarily on the cannibalism of conspecific eggs to satisfy their nutritional needs. The Fletcher's frog's post-metamorphic life revolves around foraging for food in leaf litter and searching for mates. The Fletcher's frog

3149-572: The immateral nature means that there can only be an approximation: "In other words, there must always be an ephemeral beyond the ephemeral". Film has been used to document and combat ephemeral aspects of human development. Digital media's encompassing archival process means that information of varying importance can either be affixed or ephemeral, the former seen as the more generally common outcome. Digital personas, on account of precariousness and whim, can be entirely ephemeral, without any record. Grey literature has prove particularly vulnerable to

3216-445: The internet and features that engender ephemerality, such as link rot , has elicited concern in regards to scholarly practice. Like a blade of grass, My frail body Treading the path to Kyoto Seeming to wander Amid the cloudy mist on Kinobe Pass. Ephemerality has been studied in the context of dancing. Witnessing a dance that will be rendered ephemeral is resultingly commodified and of greater desire to prospecting audiences;

3283-593: The internet's ephemerality. Ephemeral acquired its common meaning of short-living in the mid-19th century and has connotations of passing time, fragility, change, disappearance, transformation, and the "philosophically ultimate vision of our own existence". Sarah Kofman questioned if "the beauty that conceals the evanescent nature of all things were itself ephemeral". Rather than melancholic, Sigmund Freud and Walter Pater viewed ephemerality as valuable; awareness and acceptance were to Freud commendable. Multiple scholars have viewed ephemerality as intrinsic to

3350-617: The lateral side of the inner finger had nuptial pads. Unlike female frogs, male frogs have a small, raised nub on their inner finger. Moreover, male fingers are shorter and thinner compared to those of females. There is only a small degree of sexual dimorphism within the species. Females are approximately 6% larger than males, a relatively small difference compared to other amphibians where females are up to 20% larger than males. Some other species that resemble Fletcher's frog are Mixophyes balbus , Mixophyes fasciolatus , Mixophyes fleayi , and Mixophyes iteratus ; however, Fletcher's frog

3417-406: The likes of airports, malls, supermarkets, office blocks, and hotels thus rendering them, per his definition, " non-places ". Architecture scholar Anastasia Karandinou argued that the practice's modern relation to ephemerality correlated with digital media's evolution, which she says has enabled new conceptions of space and everyday thinking. Of an indefinite and contentious nature, the definition of

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3484-420: The limited availability to desirable nests, however, spawning frequently occurs in pools containing both conspecific eggs and tadpoles. The mass spatial and temporal distribution of breeding events, coupled with the ephemeral oviposition sites significantly increases the odds of total clutch failure; however, this risk is offset by low competition during the larval stages and fewer predation related deaths. Thus,

3551-766: The maintenance of forest biodiversity". Hydroperiod, predation, competition and food availability are among the "highly heterogeneous" elements of these features. In tropical biomes, amphibians often reside in ephemeral habitats during dry seasons; opportunistic species utilise similar and ephemeral habitats for food, sleep or mating. Environments akin to ephemeral ponds can be very significant sites of reproduction for amphibians; many other organism make use of ephemeral ponds, pools and streams to breed. Those which do utilise these sites are significantly constrained by time thus they mature, reproduce or disperse before evaporation. Ephemeral pools lasting only days or weeks are exclusively used for breeding by Fletcher's frog regardless of

3618-423: The matter to explore time, memory, politics, emotions, spirituality and death. The Dada , Fluxus , Surreal, and Futurist movements all incorporated ephemerality as have Kuba , Mono-ha , and ukiyo-e . Perceptions of ephemerality vary between cultures, from melancholy and mitigation to embrace. Performance art has frequently been described as ephemeral in nature; with regards to historical performances,

3685-419: The mucus into a froth, placing air bubbles between the eggs while still maintaining the nest's integrity. The froth nesting serves as a line of defense for the eggs, shielding them from thermal extremes or predation (by foreign predators and conspecifics alike). Notably, it serves as an effective protection against desiccation. The nest's protective quality may be further enhanced when the outer mucus dries to form

3752-464: The other hand, is a near-sea level island that appears only at low tide. On account of changing demarcation, shores exist as ephemeral. Only a small amount of southern Costa Rica 's secondary forests reach maturity, indicating that they may be "generally ephemeral". Deciduous forests, via the seasonal change of leaves, are subject to natural ephemeral changes. Ephemeral pools located in forests are commonly known as "vernal pools", often lasting in

3819-464: The point that ephemerality is perhaps an "outdated concept". Within the context of modern media dissemination, YouTube videos, viral emails and photos have been identified as ephemeral; as have means of advertising, both physical and digital and the internet collectively. Ephemeral media has been described as that which is brief in duration and/or circulation, adjacent to "the primary texts of contemporary entertainment culture". YouTube has "become

3886-605: The precarious survival of offspring. Fletcher's frogs use these sites to exploit them, by-passing predation and competition. Tadpoles , however, are hindered by ephemeral streams, as can surrounding systems. Limited and unpredictable food availability means ephemeral waterbodies may be rife with cannibalism . Specific adaptions to ephemeral pools are abundant. Human alterations to the habitats of ephemeral nectar that flying foxes consume has led to urban migration. Climate change significantly affects ephemeral freshwater systems and changes in climates may be precisely identified by

3953-415: The presence of pre-existing nests within an oviposition site and make an active decision to lay their eggs alongside other conspecific eggs. Female Fletcher's frogs are hypothesized to engage in this behavior because it provides their own offspring with a nutrition source that can be exploited by the cannibalism of non-siblings. Although almost all pools contain more than one nest, their distribution within

4020-414: The reproductive costs. Thus, as species, Fletcher's frog suffers from low inter-seasonal survival and a short lifespan. This set of conditions favors choosy females who can maximize opportunities to find a quality mate. The same pressure that produces choosy females also encourages males to pursue a terminal investment mating strategy, where a decreased probability of future reproduction opportunities hastens

4087-454: The restrictions that forest logging has placed on the species distribution. Since the 1970s, Australian forest-dwelling anurans have experienced a significant population decline. Forest-dependent species and terrestrial breeders, like Fletcher's frog, are the most likely to be negatively affected by logging. The exploitation of wet sclerophyll forests and continued forest logging has reduced this species' natural habitat dramatically, presenting

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4154-552: The resulting memory from taking a photograph. Psychologists have studied why ephemerality may improve memory retention; social psychologist Karl E. Scheibe, conversely, suggested that ephemeral images are only memorable if repeated. The ephemerality of memory leads objects to assume the function of begeting remembrance on account of their greater stability. Objects which are ephemeral, per one perspective, are those whose compositional material experience chemical or physical changes and are thus permanently altered; this process occurs in

4221-603: The river then carves deeper valleys through the siltstone before entering the coastal plain. The river is then joined by its tributary , the Munglinup River , before flowing into the Oldfield estuary which discharges into the Southern Ocean . The only other tributary of the Oldfield River is Coujinup Creek. The river is regarded as saline with high nutrient levels, moderate sedimentation, moderate fringing vegetation and has

4288-781: The same is true of fairs . Muñoz posited that the physical proximation of dance, which coupled with the "shared rhythm", results in a unified yet ephemeral status of those engaged. La Sylphide sees ephemerality as a notable theme. Professor of Dance Mark Franko contended that the artform is approaching a state of being "post-ephemeral" while Diane Taylor viewed the lasting impact a performance may have as negating notions of ephemerality. The documentation of other ephemeral events: protests, installations, exhibitions, are often meager – public events, of varying size, naturally generate ephemeral material. "[Ephemerality] and disposability" have been perceived as components "of an American ethos"; alternative history novels such as The Man in

4355-515: The shared water body varied. Eggs were deposited both solitarily and in communal masses, indicating the presence of two nesting behaviors. There is a significant benefit associated with commonality among anurans producing frothed nests. Laying eggs in groups reduces the surface area to volume ratio of nests, which increases the eggs' protection against environmental threats. Despite its advantages, however, communal nests may increase visibility to predators and be more susceptible to disease transmission. It

4422-428: The spawn for extended periods of time, feeding continuously until their entire abdomen is filled. Due to the environmental and competitive pressures of living in temporary water bodies where vegetable food is scarce, tadpoles appear to be habitually carnivorous and cannibalistic. When raised in laboratory conditions, tadpoles fed on Spirulina algae when it was added to their environment; however, they quickly showed

4489-423: The traces: playbills, scrapbooks of newspaper clippings and material artifacts are themselves ephemeral. Literature is ephemeral, including definitions and "all printed texts". Ephemeral was first used colloquially in reference to printed matters. By 1750, an "expansion of all kinds of ephemeral print" had occurred. Hazlitt contended that such ephemerality was the result of widespread aestheticism , thus

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