163-662: The Adelaide Football Club , often referred to as the Old Adelaide Football Club , was an Australian rules football club based in Adelaide . Founded on 26 April 1860, it was the first football club formed in South Australia. From 1860 to 1872 the club played what appears to be a game a cross between association football and rugby using a round ball. The club played interclub football in South Australia until 1872, when it had disputes with Kensington and Port Adelaide over
326-606: A dominion , leagues were also established in the major cities. This renewed popularity helped encourage the formation of the Australasian Football Council , which in 1908 in Melbourne staged the first national interstate competition, the Jubilee Australasian Football Carnival , with teams representing each state and New Zealand. The game was also established early on in the new territories. In
489-468: A double dissolution in order to resolve deadlocks between the two Houses. The circumstances for such a double dissolution are outlined below. The Legislative Council (or "upper house") is made up of 22 councillors (MLCs) who are elected for the entire state by the Proportional Representation single transferable voting system (with optional preferential voting ) to serve for a term that
652-515: A 12 year term. In 1882, the single colony-wide district was split into 4 electoral districts which were drawn with a heavy bias in favour of rural areas in place. The new scheme was set up so that half of the Council was being elected each election. Originally these electoral districts were the " Central District ", the " Southern District ", the " North-Eastern District " and the " Northern District ", with each being represented by 6 members each. From 1902,
815-517: A century. State of Origin rules, introduced in 1977, stipulated that rather than representing the state of their adopted club, players would return to play for the state they were first recruited in. This instantly broke Victoria's stranglehold over state titles and Western Australia and South Australia began to win more of their games against Victoria. Both New South Wales and Tasmania scored surprise victories at home against Victoria in 1990. The term " Barassi Line ", named after VFL star Ron Barassi ,
978-485: A certain number of matches depending on the severity of the infringement. The game features frequent physical contests, spectacular marking , fast movement of both players and the ball, and high scoring. The sport's origins can be traced to football matches played in Melbourne , Victoria , in 1858, inspired by English public school football games . Seeking to develop a game more suited to adults and Australian conditions,
1141-624: A conference between the City and Suburban Clubs it will be sought to carry a resolution affirming the desirableness of introducing rules regulating the game. A meeting of members of the Adelaide Football Club was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel on Wednesday evening, May 6, to receive the reports for the last year, and make arrangements for the forthcoming season. There were about a dozen gentlemen present, and Mr. S. G. Kingston presided. It
1304-481: A considerable amount of skill to play it with any degree of success. It was set in motion about 3 o'clock, and after some, spirited play two goals were secured by the blues. The pinks nearly secured one, but the ball having struck the cross-rope, it was decided against them. There was a large attendance of spectators. On Saturday afternoon 11 June 1870 a football match was played between the Adelaide and Woodville Clubs on
1467-477: A dwelling house, or "dwelling house and premises appurtenant thereto", with an annual rent of at least 17 pounds per annum (excluding any payment of rent by a wife to her husband); to a registered proprietor of a leasehold on which there were improvements to the value of at least 50 pounds and which were the property of the proprietor. At the same time, the franchise was also extended to ministers of religion, school head teachers, postmasters, railway stationmasters, and
1630-414: A few Acts requiring the monarch's personal Royal Assent. The 18-member Legislative Council was elected by property owners only, while the 36-member House of Assembly was elected by a full male franchise. The Act also provided for a system of responsible government , where the members of the executive branch must sit in parliament and, by convention, can only remain in office while they hold the confidence of
1793-493: A form of Group voting tickets similar to that used in the Senate at the time. This enabled voters to choose between voting 'above the line' (for a single party preference ticket that ranked all candidates on the ballot paper in the party's preferred order) or 'below the line' and number all candidates in order of preference, on the ballot paper. In 2017 this was changed to a form of optional preferential voting − instructions for above
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#17328558037181956-419: A game for either medical or tactical reasons. Players on the playing surface can be swapped with those on the interchange bench at any time. They must though pass through a designated "Interchange Area". In the event a player fails to pass through this area correctly, or if too many players from one team are found to be on the ground at a time, a free kick will be awarded to the opposing side. While there
2119-655: A goal for that side. Baker (blue) after some excellent play had taken place, scored another goal for his side, and before long Conigrave gained another. At 5 o'clock the game was concluded, and the members of the Adelaide Club returned to town by rail. The following were the selected players: — Adelaide— Malcolm, Warburton, Sparks, E. Aldridge, Baker, W. and K. Samson, Masters, S. and C. Kingston, Townsend, J.Milne. H. Conigrave, Murray, and Dele. "Woodville— Formby, Slater, Dale, Crooks, Brock, Green, Cave, Stephens, Fergusson,Hart, Gardiner, Smith, Formby, Hovrell, and Martin. In 1870
2282-512: A majority of the members of the House of Assembly. It was the first Constitution in the Australian colonies to provide "manhood" suffrage. The adoption of the "one man, one vote" principle also removed the ability of voters to vote in any electorate in which they owned property. The Act also defined the rules of tenure for the parliamentarians. Later in 1856, in preparation for responsible government,
2445-399: A mark is taken, a small protected zone is established on the field, extending 10 metres (11 yd) either side of "the mark" and the player who marked the ball, with a small protected corridor between "the mark" and the player. The opposition player is permitted to jump, but is not allowed to move from their position on "the mark". Any other movements result in a distance penalty (50 metres in
2608-461: A match was played between 15 members of the Adelaide Football Club and a like number of the Gawler Football Club with Adelaide winning by 3 goals to nil. Captains - Messrs. Sparks (Adelaide) and Sandland (Gawler). The annual meeting of the Adelaide Football Club was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel, on Thursday afternoon, 28th April 1870. There was a fair attendance, and Mr. W. Pope occupied
2771-444: A member of a registered political party outside of a "relevant election period". While South Australia 's total population is 1.7 million, Adelaide 's population is 1.3 million − uniquely, over 75 percent of the state's population resides in the metropolitan area and has 72 percent of seats (34 of 47) alongside a lack of comparatively-sized rural population centres, therefore the metropolitan area tends to decide election outcomes. At
2934-523: A member retires or dies in office mid-term, are filled by a by-election in that member's district. Since 1975, the distribution of electoral boundaries has been set by the South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission , an independent body. Since a referendum in 1991 , boundaries have been redistributed after each election. Previously they were redistributed after every third election. Government
3097-500: A merger with the premiers North Parks. The two clubs agreed on a merger and submitted an application for a senior side to the join the SAFA as Adelaide and to wear the old Adelaide colours of Black and Red. The merged club was proudly formed from South Australian born players. They retained a junior team called North Park in the Adelaide and Suburban Association. The following year this team would be renamed Adelaide Juniors. In their first year in
3260-544: A more standard British model of government, with a Governor advised by a Legislative Council. The 1842 Act gave the British Government, which was responsible for appointing a Governor and at least seven other officers to the Legislative Council, full control of South Australia as a Crown Colony , after financial mismanagement by the first administration had nearly bankrupted the colony. This new Legislative Council
3423-512: A number of onlookers being selected an the sides which were picked, an enjoyable game was played for about a couple of hours, which resulted in the players (Red) captained by Mr. C. D. Perkins gaining a goal against the Blues. There was a large attendance of spectators. We understand that it is proposed to play under revised rules, and to adopt what is known in England as the ' Off' and ' On' game, and that at
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#17328558037183586-508: A pavilion and otherwise improving the Kensington Oval was affirmed, and it was thought if a organized movement was started sufficient support could be obtained to carry it through. A vote of thanks to the Chairman closed the meeting. The team's poor performances forced the combined team to resign from the SAFA competition on 1 June 1881 after losing four matches and scoring just one goal. It
3749-471: A player breaks a rule, a free kick is awarded to the opposing team, from the location that the misconduct occurred, or the ball's current location—whichever is closer to the team's scoring zone. As when a mark is taken, this location is called "the mark", and the same protections regarding the space apply. Parliament of South Australia Opposition (13) Crossbench (6) Opposition (8) Crossbench (5) The Parliament of South Australia
3912-504: A proper set of playing rules. The attendance of all gentlemen interested in football is specially desired at the adjourned meeting. By 1873, the Kensington club rules became popular amongst the other clubs, along with attempts at standardisation. After Adelaide's attempts to retain their rules were rebuffed by Kensington and Port Adelaide, they went into recess with interclub until 1875. It was reported on Saturday 10 May 1873 - A practice by
4075-555: A proposed hybrid code of Australian football and rugby league , the predominant code of football in New South Wales and Queensland, was trialled without success. In Queensland, the state league went into recess for the duration of the war. VFL club University left the league and went into recess due to severe casualties. The WAFL lost two clubs and the SANFL was suspended for one year in 1916 due to heavy club losses. The Anzac Day match ,
4238-805: A pupil at Rugby School in England, and returned to his homeland a star athlete and cricketer. Two weeks later, Wills' friend, cricketer Jerry Bryant , posted an advertisement for a scratch match at the Richmond Paddock adjoining the Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG). This was the first of several "kickabouts" held that year involving members of the Melbourne Cricket Club , including Wills, Bryant, W. J. Hammersley and J. B. Thompson . Trees were used as goalposts and play typically lasted an entire afternoon. Without an agreed-upon code of laws, some players were guided by rules they had learned in
4401-523: A rival club was played in 1862 against the Modbury and Teatree Gully Football Club on a strip of grass near the Modbury Hotel. Adelaide won the game two goals to nil. The two teams met again the next year, and "the game was kept up with the greatest spirit and good feeling, and so equally were the sides matched that not a goal was obtained". In another internal game held on 14 June 1862 after some postponement,
4564-502: A second-tier status. The VFA merged with the former VFL reserves competition in 1998, adopting the VFL name. State of Origin also declined in importance, especially after an increasing number of player withdrawals. The AFL turned its focus to the annual International Rules Series against Ireland in 1998 before abolishing State of Origin the following year. State and territorial leagues still contest interstate matches, as do AFL Women players. In
4727-506: A select few ways as defined by the Laws of Australian Football, published by the AFL. The ball can be propelled in any direction by way of a kick or a clenched fist (called a handball )—deemed a correct disposal. Failure to dispose of the ball in one of these two methods will result in a free kick to the opposing team. If the ball is not currently in a player's possession, it can be moved legally through
4890-606: A similar site to the current University Oval . In the following years the interest in football in South Australia began to grow with reports of matches being played across the state becoming more common. On 25 April 1860 an advertisement in the South Australian Register appeared notifying the Adelaide public about an upcoming meeting the following day to form a football club. The advertisement, sponsored by John Acraman , W.J. Fullarton and R. Cussen noted that group had already gathered 30 members. On Thursday 26 April 1860
5053-603: A similar situation existing in Western Australia in the sport, the VFL pursued a more national competition. Two more non-Victorian clubs, West Coast and Brisbane , joined the league in 1987 generating more than $ 8 million in license revenue for the Victorian clubs and increasing broadcast revenues which helped the Victorian clubs survive. In their early years, the Sydney and Brisbane clubs struggled both on and off-field because
Old Adelaide Football Club - Misplaced Pages Continue
5216-472: A single state-wide electorate from the same universal franchise as the House of Assembly. Since the following 1975 South Australian state election , no one party has had control of the state's upper house with the balance of power controlled by a variety of minor parties and independents. Originally, the electoral system for both houses was a form of plurality voting , where each voter is given as many votes as there are candidates to be elected. From 1929, this
5379-498: A slightly modified version of the Victorian game in 1879. The South Australian Football Association (SAFA), the sport's first governing body , formed on 30 April 1877, firmly establishing Victorian rules as the preferred code in that colony. The Victorian Football Association (VFA) formed the following month. Clubs began touring the colonies in the late 1870s, and in 1879 the first intercolonial match took place in Melbourne between Victoria and South Australia . To standardise
5542-406: A technique known shepherding when the ball is within 5 metres (5.5 yd) of an opposition player. Shepherding involves the use of a player's body to push, bump or otherwise block an opposition player, providing they do not have possession of the ball. If a player takes possession of the ball that has travelled more than 15 metres (16 yd) from another player's kick, by way of a catch within
5705-836: A training session on the North Park Lands for 11 May. However, due to rain they cancelled. The second intra-club match for the club in 1861, played on the North Park Lands as usual, was advertised for 18 May as pitting the "Past and Present Collegians" in blue against "The other Members of the Club" in pink. However, the post game report described an inter-club match featuring the Adelaide Football Club playing against "the College boys". Present at this match were, amongst others, Richard Graves MacDonnell ( Governor of South Australia ), Augustus Short ( Lord Bishop of Adelaide ), James Farrell ( Anglican Dean of Adelaide ), James Hurtle Fisher ( President of
5868-427: A uniform code known as "Victorian rules". In 1866, the "first distinctively Victorian rule", the running bounce , was formalised at a meeting of club delegates chaired by H. C. A. Harrison , an influential pioneer who took up football in 1859 at the invitation of Wills, his cousin. The game around this time was defensive and low-scoring, played low to the ground in congested rugby-style scrimmages. The typical match
6031-414: Is a contact sport played between two teams of 18 players on an oval field , often a modified cricket ground . Points are scored by kicking the oval ball between the central goal posts (worth six points), or between a central and outer post (worth one point, otherwise known as a "behind"). During general play, players may position themselves anywhere on the field and use any part of their bodies to move
6194-405: Is analogous to a basketball center and as such rucks are typically the tallest player on the team. Lifting teammates is not allowed so the ruck may only jump to reach the ball. If the ruck does not take possession of the football, it must must be tapped or fisted, which is known as a hit-out. An effective hit-out that passes the ball to a teammate is known as a hit-out to advantage. In the event
6357-574: Is formed in the House of Assembly by the leader of the party or coalition who can demonstrate they have the support of the majority of the House, and is called upon by the Governor to form government. The leader of the government becomes the Premier . The House is presided over by a Speaker, who, as of the passage of the Constitution (Independent Speaker) Amendment Act 2021 , is constitutionally banned from being
6520-476: Is known about these early one-off games, evidence does not support a causal link with Australian football. In Melbourne , in 1858, in a move that would help to shape Australian football in its formative years, private schools (then termed " public schools " in accordance with nomenclature in England) began organising football games inspired by precedents at English public schools . The earliest match, held on 15 June,
6683-455: Is known as the Goal Line. Around the perimeter of the field, two white lines are drawn between the set of behind posts in an arc-shape, marking the field of play. Other field markings include: The 50m arcs, centre square, centre circle and goal square are used at the beginning of each quarter or after each goal. With each team permitted a maximum of six players in each 50m arc, with one in
Old Adelaide Football Club - Misplaced Pages Continue
6846-470: Is no set uniform, the basic equipment for Australian football consists of a guernsey, shorts, socks and boots, with additional pieces of apparel such as headbands and gloves additionally being permitted. Players may wear certain pieces of protective equipment, such as helmets or arm guards, if approved by the relevant controlling body. Mouthguards are strongly recommended for all players. Players are not permitted to wear jewellery, or other materials which
7009-469: Is now known as "Old Parliament House". The Australian Colonies Government Act 1850 was a landmark development which granted representative constitutions to New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania and the colonies enthusiastically set about writing constitutions which produced democratically progressive parliaments with the British monarch as the symbolic head of state. In 1851 elections for
7172-493: Is officiated by at least five match officials, known as an umpire . These match officials are placed into three categories based upon their roles and responsibilities, with varying minimum numbers of Umpires required depending on position: At AFL level, a video score review system is utilised. Only umpires are permitted to request a review, and only scoring shots and potential scoring shots are permitted to be reviewed. An Australian rules football may only be propelled forward in
7335-508: Is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of South Australia . It consists of the 47-seat House of Assembly ( lower house ) and the 22-seat Legislative Council ( upper house ). General elections are held every 4 years, with all of the lower house and half of the upper house filled at each election. It follows a Westminster system of parliamentary government with the executive branch required to both sit in parliament and hold
7498-549: Is the second-highest-attended club championship event in the world . The sport is also played at amateur level in many countries and in several variations . Its rules are governed by the AFL Commission with the advice of the AFL's Laws of the Game Committee. Australian rules football is known by several nicknames, including Aussie rules, football and footy. In some regions, where other codes of football are more popular,
7661-783: Is used. The ball must be inflated to a pressure of 69 kilopascals (10.0 pounds per square inch). There are no defined laws regarding what material a ball must be made from, but standard AFL match-used balls are produced by Sherrin using cowhide leather. While there is no standard colour of the ball, red and yellow are most common and the only colours used at AFL level. Yellow is used for games beginning after 3 pm or in an enclosed stadium, due to its greater visibility, and to assist score reviews. Unlike other forms of football which are played on rectangular fields, Australian rules football playing fields are oval-shaped, and are between 135 and 185 metres (148 and 202 yd) long and 110 and 155 metres (120 and 170 yd) wide. At either end of
7824-498: Is usually 8 years. Elections for the Legislative Council are staggered so that 11 seats are up for re-election every 4 years, at the same time as House of Assembly elections. Legislative Councillors may serve shorter or longer terms than the usual 8 years in the event of an early dissolution of the House of Assembly. If half the chamber has served at least 6 years at the time of a dissolution, then they go up for election, but if all Legislative Councillors have served less than 6 years, only
7987-637: The Adelaide Reserves in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL). In 1854 Adelaide businessman John Acraman imported five round footballs from England and paid for the construction of goal posts at St Peter's College in Adelaide's eastern suburbs. St Peter's football matches were played between Frome Road and Adelaide Bridge using the Harrow School rules (a blend of modern-day association football and rugby), on
8150-423: The 1968 (with the House increased to 47 members), 1975 , and 1989 elections. Since 1975, the distribution of the 47 electoral boundaries has been set by the South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission , an independent body. Since a referendum in 1991 , boundaries have been redistributed after each election. Previously they were redistributed after every third election. There are currently 34 in
8313-452: The 2014 election for example, although the statewide two-party vote (2PP) was 47.0% Labor v 53.0% Liberal, the metropolitan area recorded a 2PP of 51.5% Labor v 48.5% Liberal. The term for the House of Assembly is a fixed 4-year term but the state Constitution does allow the Governor to dissolve the House early and call for a fresh general election under certain circumstances. These are: If
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#17328558037188476-439: The Adelaide metropolitan area and 13 in rural areas. These seats are intended to represent approximately the same population in each electorate. The Legislative Council's numbers and electoral makeup have also varied over time. From the inception of responsible government to 1882, it had 18 members elected by a single colony-wide district, with the scheme originally set up so that 6 members would be elected every 4 years to serve
8639-404: The Constitution of Australia , with some powers transferred to the federal parliament. Another consequence was a bit of a "brain drain", with many of the parliament's most prominent members moving to the federal sphere. From 1857 to 1933, the House of Assembly was elected from multi-member districts, commonly known as " seats ," with each district returning between one and six members. The size of
8802-628: The Constitution of Australia . Similarly, the Supreme Court of South Australia , and ultimately the High Court of Australia , provides judicial oversight of parliament. The parliament is also vested with other powers, such as the means to investigate matters, conduct research and summon witnesses. At the founding of the Province of South Australia under the South Australia Act 1834 , governance of
8965-483: The Labor government of Don Dunstan managed to achieve reform of the chamber in 1973. Under the original 1856 Constitution, the franchise was restricted to men, "having a freehold estate in possession, either legal or equitable, situate within the said Province, of the clear value of Fifty Pounds sterling money above all charges and encumbrances affecting the same, or having a leasehold estate in possession, situate within
9128-650: The Melbourne Football Club published the first laws of Australian football in May 1859. Australian football has the highest spectator attendance and television viewership of all sports in Australia, while the Australian Football League (AFL), the sport's only fully professional competition, is the nation's wealthiest sporting body. The AFL Grand Final , held annually at the Melbourne Cricket Ground ,
9291-712: The River Torrens . The fourth meeting took place on the South Park Lands on 19 May 1860 with coloured uniforms adopted. The team from players North of the River Torrens wore blue caps and the side south wore pink caps. For this match the captains were Thomas O'Halloran and R. Cussen. By mid June 1860 the club had already grown to over 100 members, including four members of the South Australian parliament . The final game for 1860 attracted 200 spectators. John Acraman
9454-407: The field umpire has deemed to be either potentially dangerous or increase the risk of injury to other players. Australian rules football is played with an ellipsoid ball, between 72 and 73 cm (28 and 29 in) in long circumference, and 54.5 and 55.5 cm (21.5 and 21.9 in) in short circumference. For women's competitions, a smaller ball size of 69 and 53 cm (27 and 21 in)
9617-506: The fourth state in the world to give women the vote and the first to give women the right to be elected to parliament. South Australia became a state of the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, following a vote to federate with the other British colonies of Australia. One consequence of federation was that the powers of the Parliament of South Australia were limited by the provisions of
9780-525: The "New Parliament House" was finally completed in 1939, 50 years after the House of Assembly portion of the building. One distinctive aspect of the history of the South Australian parliament was the " Playmander ", a gerrymandering system that instituted a pro-rural electoral malapportionment introduced by the incumbent Liberal and Country League (LCL) government, and in place for 32 years from 1936 to 1968. The already entrenched rural overweighting
9943-596: The 2010s, the AFL signalled further attempts at expanding into markets outside Australian football's traditional heartlands by hosting home-and-away matches in New Zealand, followed by China. After several failed bids since the early 1990s for a Tasmania-based AFL team, the Tasmania Football Club secured the 19th AFL license in 2023, and is set to compete by 2028. In a standard match, a team may consist of anywhere between 14 and 18 players who may be permitted on
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#173285580371810106-461: The AFL). The player who was awarded the mark may then choose to either dispose of the ball over "the mark" or may choose to attempt disposal via a different method, in which case the field umpire will call "play on"—a verbal instruction to continue play. "Play on" may also be called if the umpire deems the player awarded the mark to be taking an unreasonable amount of time to dispose of the football. Once
10269-468: The AFLW using 17 minutes per quarter. For any given match, two timekeepers are appointed to officiate the duration. The timekeepers record all relevant statistics for the match, such as total quarter duration and score by each team. Additionally timekeepers are required to sound a siren prior to and at the conclusion of each quarter until such time they are acknowledged by the field umpires. To stop and recommence
10432-624: The ANFC, and later the Australian Football Championships (AFC) ran a night series , which invited clubs and representative sides from around the country to participate in a knock-out tournament parallel to the premiership seasons, which Victorian sides still dominated. With the lack of international competition, state representative matches were regarded with great importance. Due in part to the VFL poaching talent from other states, Victoria dominated interstate matches for three-quarters of
10595-607: The Adelaide Football Club was formed at the Globe Inn Hotel, Rundle Street with John Brodie Spence chairing the meeting. It was thereby the first football club established in South Australia . The club played its first intra-club match on the North Park Lands of Adelaide on 28 April 1860. The captains for this match were J.B. Spence and John Acraman . This first game lasted nearly 3 hours. The club initially only played internal matches between players located North and South of
10758-465: The Adelaide and Port Adelaide Clubs , the Concordia Band having been engaged. The following were the twenty Adelaide players selected: — Messrs. Aldridge, Brock, Conigrave, Colley, Chambers, Calf, Dale, Dalton, Higgins, Harrison, Jackson, Milne, Masters, Monteith, Nesbit, Randall, Sharpe, Sparks, Townsend, and Watson. 1872 Interclub matches against Kensington and Port Adelaide were played with
10921-459: The Adelaide, Kensington, and Port Adelaide Football Clubs was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel, on Saturday evening, March 10, for the purpose of drawing up a standard code of playing roles. There were present Messrs. C. C. Kingston, Winzor, and Perkins, from the Adelaide Club; Messrs. Crooks, H. B. Perry, and B. Moulden, from the Kensington Club; and Messrs. W. Townsend, G. Ireland, and Bann, from
11084-512: The Assembly grew during the colonial period—36 members from 1857 to 1875, 46 members from 1875 to 1884, 52 members from 1884 to 1890, 54 members from 1890 to 1902. In response to the Federation of Australia, the House of Assembly was reduced to 42 members from 1902 to 1912 and 40 members from 1912 to 1915. From 1915 to 1938 the size was again increased to 46 members. The Legislative Council half of
11247-576: The Association. For the management of the Second Twenty Messrs. C. E. B. Sabine and J. Lyall were elected Secretaries, and Messrs. B. Caterer, J. Boberts, and F. Poole committee. The election of captain and vice-captain in both teams was left to the Twenties. It was decided that the colour of the club be blaok-and scarlet guernsey, bose, and cap, and navy blue knickerbockers. The desirability of erecting
11410-542: The British Empire before. This was expressed by the Constitution Act 1856 (headed "1855–6: No. 2" and followed by the long title "An Act to establish a Constitution for South Australia, and to grant a Civil List to Her Majesty") establishing the constitution of the Parliament of the Province of South Australia. This Constitution Act provided for a bicameral parliament with full authority to enact laws, apart from
11573-524: The British Isles, "others by no rules at all". Another milestone in 1858 was a 40-a-side match played under experimental rules between Melbourne Grammar and Scotch College , held at the Richmond Paddock. Umpired by Wills and teacher John Macadam , it began on 7 August and continued over two subsequent Saturdays, ending in a draw with each side kicking one goal. It is commemorated with a statue outside
11736-458: The Central District continued to be represented by 6 members, while the rural districts were reduced to 4 members each. The North-Eastern District was replaced by the " Midland District " from the 1910 election and in 1915 the Central District was split in half and became the " Cantral District No. 1 " and the " Central District No. 2 ", each being represented by 4 members. As for the size of
11899-523: The Committee was passed, as also a similar compliment to the Chairman. Several new members were proposed. The opening game of football in connection with the Adelaide Club was played on Saturday afternoon, May 14. There were about 30 members present, and Messrs. E. Samson (North - Colours pink) and E. Aldridge (South - Colours blue) acted as captains. The ball selected was of the Rugby or oval shape, and it required
12062-416: The Council as a whole, from 1882 until 1902 it had 24 members; until 1915, 18 members; and until 1975, 20 members. From 1975, the Council size was increased to 22 members, with half (11) to be elected at each election by the entire state voting as one electorate. Although the lower house had universal suffrage from 1895, the upper house, the Legislative Council, remained the domain of property owners until
12225-409: The House of Assembly faces the people. In the event of a casual vacancy, members of the Legislative Council are filled by an assembly of the members of both houses of parliament. If the member whose seat has become vacant was elected as a member of a political party, the assembly must, if possible, replace them with a nominated member of that party. The Legislative Council has almost equal powers to
12388-439: The House of Assembly. The only difference is that the upper house does not have the ability to initiate or amend bills that appropriate money or levy taxes. The Council may still request amendments to these bills and retains the right to reject money bills that it disagrees with. The primary function of the Legislative Council is to review legislation which has been passed by the House of Assembly. This can cause tensions between
12551-399: The House passes a motion of no confidence in the government, the House defeats a motion of confidence in the government, or if a bill that has been designated by the House as a "bill of special importance" is passed by the House of Assembly but is rejected by the Legislative Council. The House of Assembly can also be dissolved early together with the full Legislative Council in what is known as
12714-568: The Irish game evolved in a similar direction. Another theory, first proposed in 1983, posits that Wills, having grown up among Aboriginals in Victoria, may have seen or played the Aboriginal ball game of Marn Grook , and incorporated some of its features into early Australian football. There is only circumstantial evidence that he knew of the game, and according to biographer Greg de Moore's research, Wills
12877-523: The Kensington Club rules and re-established when a meeting of gentlemen interested in football was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel, King William-street, on Tuesday evening, August 3, 1875. Mr. C. C. Kingston presided, and explained that the object of the meeting was to re-establish the old Adelaide Football Club. A resolution that the Society be re-established was carried, and a Committee, consisting of Messrs. H. T. Sparks, C. C. Kingston, J.Masters, and A. L. Giles,
13040-448: The Legislative Council were held. The new Council consisted of 24 members, four official (filling what would be today ministerial positions) and four non-official members, both nominated by the governor on behalf of the Crown, and 16 elected members chosen from single-member districts. The right to vote for these positions was not universal, however, being limited to propertied men. In addition,
13203-727: The MCG at the Parade Hotel, owned by Bryant, and drafted ten rules: "The Rules of the Melbourne Football Club" . These are the laws from which Australian football evolved. The club aimed to create a simple code suited to the hard playing surfaces around Melbourne, and to eliminate the roughest aspects of English school games—such as "hacking" (shin-kicking) in Rugby School football—to reduce the risk of injuries to working men. In another significant departure from English public school football,
13366-503: The MCG, and the two schools have since competed annually in the Cordner–Eggleston Cup , the world's oldest continuous football competition . Since the 1920s, it has been suggested that Australian football may have been derived from the Irish sport of Gaelic football . However, there is no archival evidence in favour of a Gaelic influence, and the style of play shared between the two modern codes appeared in Australia long before
13529-576: The Melbourne rules omitted any offside law . "The new code was as much a reaction against the school games as influenced by them", writes Mark Pennings. The rules were distributed throughout the colony; Thompson in particular did much to promote the new code in his capacity as a journalist. Following Melbourne's lead, Geelong and Melbourne University also formed football clubs in 1859. While many early Victorian teams participated in one-off matches, most had not yet formed clubs for regular competition. A South Yarra club devised its own rules. To ensure
13692-489: The North Park Lands. However, due to a rowing event in Port Adelaide and a college archery practice, the match was postponed. The third intra-club match for the club in 1861 eventually took place on 10 August between a college side, captained by Thomas O'Halloran , and a non-college side, captained by Mr Cooper. The college side won 2–0. During this match a horse ran through the field of play. The first recorded match against
13855-466: The Pink team comprised St Peter's Collegians, Thomas O'Halloran , and the remainder were Blues, captained by C. D. Cooper. During the final stages of the last match of the 1863 season between Adelaide and the Modbury and Teatree Gully Football Club some Indigenous Australians were allowed to participate for both sides. The newspaper described the indigenous players by saying their "manoeuvres were ludicrous in
14018-547: The Port Adelaide Club. Mr. Kingston, who was voted to the chair, having explained the object of the meeting, the business was gone into, and after the various rules were discussed seriatim, a code was drawn up somewhat similar to the rules of the English Football Association. The adjourned general meeting of the Adelaide Football Club was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel on Tuesday evening, May 13, 1873. There
14181-536: The SAFA they would collect the wooden spoon but the following year won the 1886 SAFA premiership . Following a lost of key players to other clubs after their initial success they collected the wooden spoon in 1891 and 1892 failing to win a single game in both seasons. Prior to the commencement of the 1893 season the Eastbourne junior club, the premiers of the City and Suburban Association in 1891 and 1892, merged with Adelaide. The merged club won one game but again collected
14344-409: The SANFL's Port Adelaide (1997), the only pre-existing club outside Victoria to join the league. In 2011 and 2012, respectively, two new non-Victorian clubs were added to the competition: Gold Coast and Greater Western Sydney . The AFL, currently with 18 member clubs, is the sport's elite competition and most powerful body. Following the emergence of the AFL, state leagues were quickly relegated to
14507-504: The South Australian Legislative Council ), John Morphett ( Chief Secretary of South Australia ), Henry Ayers ( South Australian Legislative Council ). For this match Mr. Cooper was selected as captain of the pink team and Thomas O'Halloran captain of the blue team. Each team had 25 players and the game resulted in a 0–0 draw. The third intra-club match for the club in 1861 was scheduled to take place on 1 June on
14670-488: The afternoon the Adelaide Football club played their opening game of the season. At an adjourned meeting it was reported that His Excellency Governor Musgrave had accepted the office of president ant that Mr J. Acraman had again intimated his willingness to accept the position of vice-president. A code of rules for the management of the club was adopted. After the clubs exile from inter club football in 1873 and 1874,
14833-561: The annual game between Essendon and Collingwood on Anzac Day, is one example of how the war continues to be remembered in the football community. The role of the Australian National Football Council (ANFC) was primarily to govern the game at a national level and to facilitate interstate representative and club competition. In 1968, the ANFC revived the Championship of Australia , a competition first held in 1888 between
14996-473: The ball from a kick (with specific conditions) are awarded unimpeded possession . Possession of the ball is in dispute at all times except when a free kick or mark is paid. Players can tackle using their hands or use their whole body to obstruct opponents. Dangerous physical contact (such as pushing an opponent in the back ), interference when marking, and deliberately slowing the play are discouraged with free kicks, distance penalties , or suspension for
15159-413: The ball. The primary methods are kicking , handballing and running with the ball. There are rules on how the ball can be handled; for example, players running with the ball must intermittently bounce or touch it on the ground . Throwing the ball is not allowed, and players must not get caught holding the ball . A distinctive feature of the game is the mark , where players anywhere on the field who catch
15322-442: The case of Sydney , denial of access to grounds, the influence of university headmasters from Britain who favoured rugby, and the loss of players to other codes inhibited the game's growth. In 1896, delegates from six of the wealthiest VFA clubs— Carlton , Essendon , Fitzroy , Geelong, Melbourne and South Melbourne —met to discuss the formation of a breakaway professional competition. Later joined by Collingwood and St Kilda ,
15485-480: The chair. The Treasurer's balance-sheet and report were adopted. The election of Secretary was deferred till the first meeting for practice ; Mr. W. Samson consented to act pro tem. Messrs. Malcolm, Samson, C. C. Kingston , and Pope were appointed a Committee; and the subscription was fixed at 7s. 6d. The opening game was arranged for the first Saturday in May. A vote of thanks to Mr. H. Y. Sparks (the Hon. Secretary) and
15648-471: The chair. The following gentlemen were elected a committee : — Messrs.C. D. Perkins, R. E. Twopeny, Canaway, F.Bleechmore, and W. A. Hughes. Mr. H. Conigrave and Mr. W. E. Dalton were elected hon. secretary and hon. treasurer respectively. The amount of subscription was fixed, and matches under the new rules were arranged. In April 1877 Adelaide captain Nowell Twopenney was influential in calling for
15811-435: The clock, the field umpires are required to signal to the timekeepers to indicate when the clock should be stopped or restarted. Between each quarter, a break is observed to allow players a rest period. Two six-minute breaks are observed between the first and second quarters, and the third and fourth quarters. A longer 20-minute break is observed between the second and third quarter, commonly known as half-time . Each game
15974-478: The club had suffered significantly, and was no longer the premier football club. Adelaide had one win and a draw from its five its inter club fixtures for the season, finishing last. It was from this point in time that the club began to commonly be referred to as the Old Adelaide Football Club. The Adelaide Football Club, the first formal football club in South Australia was dissolved on the adoption of
16137-460: The club lost many of its best players to the newly formed city club Young Australians . On 27 May 1871 it was reported His Excellency the Governor consented to take the office of President of this Club, and Lieutenant Fergusson (Private Secretary) purposed joining as a member. The opening game of football was played in the afternoon Saturday 15th June 1871, on the North Park Lands , between
16300-468: The club winning 4 games and drawing 2 and therefore being the Premier Club. June 15 – Kensington (0) drew with Adelaide (0) (Crowd: 400) June 29 - Adelaide (4) def Port Adelaide (0) July 13 – Adelaide (1) def Kensington (0) July 27 - Adelaide (0) drew with Port Adelaide (0) August 6 - Adelaide (1) def Kensington (0) September 7 – Adelaide (1) def Port Adelaide (0) A meeting of the delegates from
16463-493: The clubs formed the Victorian Football League (VFL), which held its inaugural season in 1897 . The VFL's popularity grew rapidly as it made several innovations, such as instituting a finals system, reducing teams from 20 to 18 players, and introducing the behind as a score. Richmond and University joined the VFL in 1908, and by 1925, with the addition of Hawthorn , Footscray and North Melbourne , it had become
16626-490: The code took hold during a series of gold rushes . Likewise, when New Zealand experienced a gold rush , the sport arrived with a rapid influx of Australian miners. Now known as Australian rules or Australasian rules, the sport became the first football code to develop mass spectator appeal, attracting world record attendances for sports viewing and gaining a reputation as "the people's game". Australian rules football reached Queensland and New South Wales as early as 1866;
16789-450: The code, and regulations for the management of general business will be submitted. We understand that many of the old supporters of the Adelaide Football Club — an institution which has been established for several years — are rallying round it, and that strenuous efforts are being made to ensure a successful season. The Committee are anxious to establish the game in this colony on a firm foundation, and to supply an acknowledged want by forming
16952-518: The confidence of the House of Assembly. The parliament is based at Parliament House on North Terrace in the state capital of Adelaide . Unlike the federal parliament and the parliaments of most other states, the South Australian Constitution does not define the parliament as including either the monarch or the governor of South Australia as one of its constituent parts. However, the constitution also vests legislative power in
17115-567: The establishment of the South Australian Football Association (SAFA) . The club subsequently became one of the founding members of the SAFA (later renamed as the SANFL). In the SAFA's inaugural season, Adelaide finished third, winning 11 matches (one win by forfeit), losing three and drawing three, scoring a total of 31 goals and finishing with a positive goal differential of 18. Adelaide finished fifth out of seven teams in each of
17278-432: The extreme". In 1864 the club produced printed copies of their rules to avoid disputes. The club hosted a 'Town and Country' match in 1864. On 31 August 1867 the club played a match against a team from the 50th Regiment on the North Park Lands. The Adelaide club won 3–0. A match was played on 13 June 1868 between Adelaide and a local Collegian side with the latter winning. On Saturday 29 May 1869 on Park Lands at Gawler
17441-409: The field of play, it is deemed as a mark . To be awarded a mark, it must be deemed that the player sufficiently controlled the ball and took possession prior to it being touched, touching the ground, or in the case of a contest, being spoiled by an opponent. Upon a mark being taken, one opposition player may choose to stand on the point on the field where the mark was taken, known as "the mark". When
17604-413: The field, two sets of posts are erected in a straight line to indicate the scoring areas on the field, each with two kinds of posts, named the goal posts and the behind posts respectively. The goal posts are placed first, located 6.4 metres (7.0 yd) apart from each other, with a behind post being placed a further 6.4 metres to the side of each goal post. The name for the field line between two goal posts
17767-618: The first match in Darwin . The game went on to become the most popular sport in the Territory and build the highest participation rate for the sport nationally. Both World War I and World War II had a devastating effect on Australian football and on Australian sport in general. While scratch matches were played by Australian " diggers " in remote locations around the world, the game lost many of its great players to wartime service. Some clubs and competitions never fully recovered. Between 1914 and 1915,
17930-526: The formation of the Adelaide Football Club , the oldest football club in Australia outside Victoria. It devised its own rules, and, along with other Adelaide -based clubs, played a variety of codes until 1876, when they uniformly adopted most of the Victorian rules, with South Australian football pioneer Charles Kingston noting their similarity to "the old Adelaide rules". Similarly, Tasmanian clubs quarrelled over different rules until they adopted
18093-485: The formation of the South Australian Football Association (SAFA) and participated in the competition from 1877 to 1881. The Club merged with Kensington for the 1881 season but withdrew after only 4 games and disbanded. In 1884, the North Adelaide Junior Club from the Adelaide and Suburban Association renamed themselves Adelaide. They were runner up in the competition and at the end of the season and proposed
18256-435: The goal square and four players in the centre square with one in the centre circle. If this is breached, a free kick is awarded. A game lasts for 80 minutes, split into four-quarters consisting of 20 minutes playing time, with the clock being stopped for stoppages in play such as scores, or at the umpire 's discretion, e.g. for serious injury. Leagues may choose to employ shorter quarters of play at their discretion, such as
18419-437: The government and the Legislative Council, which may be viewed by the former as obstructionist if it rejects key legislation, as can happen at times when the electoral makeup of the two Houses are different. Another important function of the upper house is to scrutinise government activity, which it does both in the chamber and through committees . As Legislative Councillors have been elected using proportional representation since
18582-428: The ground of the latter. Messrs. Malcolm (Adelaide - blue) and Cave (Woodville - pink) were Captains of the respective teams, which each numbered 14 players, and there was a fair attendance of spectators. The ground was in good condition owing to the late seasonable weather, and the day being fine it proved a favourable one for the match. The ball was kicked off by the blues at about 3 o'clock, and before long Sparks gained
18745-611: The imposition of rates, duties, and taxes. This council was sometimes referred to as the "Legislative Council". Confusion and dispute about the division of power between the two roles led to the South Australia Government Act 1838 , which combined the role of Resident Commissioner with that of the Governor. In 1842, the South Australia Act 1842 was passed in order to replace the South Australian Colonisation Commission appointed in 1834 with
18908-479: The impression that only such a scheme would be acceptable to the British Government. The Governor, Sir Henry Young , had been advised that this was not the case but he kept this information to himself. The colonists were furious and 5,000 petitioned Westminster to give them two elected houses. The offending constitution was returned and in 1855, a new Legislative Council was elected with a mandate to establish something far more radical and democratic than had been seen in
19071-424: The knees (a low tackle or a trip ) or above the shoulders (a high tackle ), the team with possession of the football gets a free kick. Furthermore, tackles deemed to be dangerous by the umpire and those conducted from front-on while an opposition player has their head over the football are deemed to be prohibited contact, and will incur a free kick against the offending player. Additionally, players may perform
19234-454: The line preferences. Today, the House of Assembly continues to use instant-runoff voting with compulsory preferences. Compulsory voting was introduced for the House of Assembly in 1942 and for the Legislative Council in 1985. Elections were held every 3 years until 1985 (with a brief flirtation with 5 year terms for the House of Assembly in the 1933-1938 parliament ), when the parliament switched to 4 year terms, meaning 8 year terms for
19397-415: The line votes are to mark '1' and then further preferences are optional as opposed to preference flows from simply '1' above the line being determined by group voting tickets, while instructions for voters who instead opt to vote below the line are to provide at least 12 preferences as opposed to having to number all candidates, and with a savings provision to admit ballot papers which indicate at least 6 below
19560-428: The members 'of the Adelaide Football Club was held on the Club grounds on Saturday afternoon. There was not a very large muster, the more prominent supporters of the Club only putting in an appearance. It was not expected, however, that many members would engage in the first match, which was simply arranged as a preliminary : meeting to introduce the members to each others. The weather was well suited for football, and
19723-472: The mid-1970s, the chamber features a multitude of parties vying for power. A government or opposition majority in the upper house has been unachievable since the introduction of this system, with the balance of power being held by a number of minor parties and independents. In the event that there is a conflict between the two Houses over legislation, the South Australian Constitution lays out
19886-742: The new colony was divided between the Governor of South Australia and a Resident Commissioner , who reported to a new body known as the South Australian Colonization Commission . Under this arrangement, there was also a governing Council comprising the Governor, the Judge or Chief Justice , the Colonial Secretary , the Advocate-General and the Resident Commissioner, with broad legislative and executive powers including
20049-548: The new national capital Canberra both soccer and rugby had a head start, but following the first matches in 1911, Australian rules football in the Australian Capital Territory became a major participation sport. By 1981 it had become much neglected and quickly lagged behind the other football codes. Australian rules football in the Northern Territory began shortly after the outbreak of the war in 1916 with
20212-409: The next two seasons, and last in 1880. Special meetings-of the members of the Kensington and Adelaide Football Clubs were held at the Prince Alfred Hotel on Monday 4th April. The first general meeting of the recently amalgamated Adelaide and Kensington Football Clubs was held at the Prince Alfred Hotel on Monday evening, April 11. There was a large attendance of members, and Mr. T. A. Caterer, B.A.,
20375-511: The officer in charge of a police station. A further extension of the franchise came in 1913, when the qualification of an occupier of a dwelling house was altered to include any inhabitant occupier, whether owner or tenant. In 1918, the right to vote for members of the upper house was extended to all those who had served in armed forced in the First World War. This was subsequently extended to Second World War veterans in 1940 and in 1969, it
20538-489: The old Adelaide Club rules over the Kensington Club rules was that by having rules similar to those being used in Melbourne, intercolonial football matches could be held in the future. By the end of the meeting Charles Kingston had his way and the old Adelaide Club rules were adopted by all the clubs. A meeting, having for its object the reforming of the old Adelaide Football Club, was held at Kinderman's Restaurant, Rundle Street, on Friday evening, July 28. Mr. T. Wright occupied
20701-501: The old Legislative Council passed an Electoral Act providing for the secret ballot system of voting to be used for the new parliament, also known as the Australian Ballot. The first bicameral parliament of South Australia was elected on 9 March 1857, with Boyle Travers Finniss as the inaugural Premier of South Australia responsible to parliament. The parliament first sat on 22 April 1857. Until 1887, membership of parliament
20864-400: The original Parliament House and took up residence in a new building constructed next door. Due to costs, this "New Parliament House" would remain unfinished for 50 years while the Legislative Council continued to be housed in the original Parliament House. Women gained the right to vote and stand for election in 1895, taking effect at the 1896 election . Once passed, South Australia become
21027-557: The peak of the malapportionment in 1968 , the rural seat of Frome had 4,500 formal votes, while the metropolitan seat of Enfield had 42,000 formal votes. Labor managed to win enough parliamentary seats to form government just once during the Playmander against the odds − in 1965 . Labor won comprehensive majorities of the statewide two-party vote whilst failing to form government in 1944 , 1953 , 1962 and 1968 . More equitable boundaries were subsequently put in place following
21190-455: The phasing out of many of the game's kicking styles and the increasing use of handball; while presentation was influenced by television. In 1982, in a move that heralded big changes within the sport, one of the original VFL clubs, South Melbourne, relocated to Sydney and became known as the Sydney Swans . In the late 1980s, due to the poor financial standing of many of the Victorian clubs, and
21353-407: The player has disposed of the ball, or "play on" is called, normal play resumes. Rucking is the only specialist skill and is performed by a ruck, the term for designated players from each side to which umpire sends the ball to commence play. Only a nominated ruck may contest ball-ups and throw-ins. They are the only player allowed within the 10 metre circle at a centre bounce. Functionally the role
21516-429: The player penalised for ' holding the ball ', except if the umpire deems there was a lack of prior opportunity to do so. The ball carrier may only be tackled between the shoulders and knees from the front or side. If the player forcefully contacts the opposing in the back while performing a tackle, the opposition player will be penalised for a push in the back . If the opposition tackles the player with possession below
21679-436: The playing surface at any given time. Each team may have up to four interchange (reserve) players who may be swapped for those on the field at any time during the game. Although some leagues in less populated areas may use as few as 12 players. In addition, some leagues notably including the AFL, have each team designate one additional player as a substitute who can be used to make a single permanent exchange of players during
21842-580: The preeminent league in the country and would take a leading role in many aspects of the sport. The time around the federation of the Australian colonies in 1901 saw Australian rules undergo a revival in New South Wales, New Zealand and Queensland. In 1903, both the Queensland Australian Football League and the NSW Australian Football Association were established, and in New Zealand, as it moved towards becoming
22005-521: The premiers of the VFA and SAFA. Although clubs from other states were at times invited, the final was almost always between the premiers from the two strongest state competitions of the time—South Australia and Victoria—with Adelaide hosting most of the matches at the request of the SAFA/SANFL. The last match took place in 1976, with North Adelaide being the last non-Victorian winner in 1972. Between 1976 and 1987,
22168-415: The reforms meant that the Governor no longer oversaw proceedings, with the role being filled by a Speaker who had been elected by the members. In 1853 the Legislative Council sent London a Parliament Act 1853 that provided for a new constitution that established a bicameral parliament with an elected lower house and an upper house made up of members nominated for life. The colonists were mistakenly under
22331-534: The rules, but club resumed interclub matches in 1875 under its former rules. The club was the premier team in interclub competition in 1871–72. In 1876, the Adelaide Club rules were adopted by all the South Australian clubs at a meeting organised by Charles Kingston from the South Adelaide Football Club, and in 1877, the Adelaide club captain Richard Twopeny called an initial meeting which led to
22494-499: The said Province, the lease thereof having been registered in the General Registry Office, for the registration of deeds, and having three years to run at the time of voting, or containing a clause authorising the lessee to become the purchaser of the land thereby demised, or occupy a dwelling house of the clear annual value of Twenty-five Pounds sterling money." In 1907, the right to vote was extended to any person occupying
22657-467: The sport across Australia, delegates representing the football associations of South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Queensland met in 1883 and updated the code. New rules such as holding the ball led to a "golden era" of fast, long-kicking and high-marking football in the 1880s, a time which also saw players such as George Coulthard achieve superstardom, as well as the rise of professionalism , particularly in Victoria and Western Australia , where
22820-467: The sport experienced a period of dominance in the former, and in the latter, several regions remain strongholds of Australian rules, such as the Riverina . However, by the late 1880s, rugby football had become the dominant code in both colonies, as well as in New Zealand. This shift was largely due to rugby's spread with British migration, regional rivalries and the lack of strong local governing bodies. In
22983-406: The sport is most often called AFL after the Australian Football League , while the league itself also uses this name for local competitions in some areas. Primitive forms of football were played sporadically in the Australian colonies in the first half of the 19th century. Compared to cricket and horse racing , football was considered a mere "amusement" by colonists at the time, and while little
23146-411: The state's governor acting with the advice and consent of both houses of parliament, making the role of the governor effectively the same as those of the other states. The parliament may make laws for any matter within South Australia, subject to the Constitution of South Australia . Its power is further limited by the ability for the federal parliament to override it in some circumstances, subject to
23309-414: The substantial TV revenues they generated by playing on a Sunday went to the VFL. To protect these revenues the VFL granted significant draft concessions and financial aid to keep the expansion clubs competitive. The VFL changed its name to the Australian Football League (AFL) for the 1990 season , and over the next decade, three non-Victorian clubs gained entry: Adelaide (1991), Fremantle (1995) and
23472-587: The supremacy of the Melbourne rules, the first-club level competition in Australia, the Caledonian Society's Challenge Cup (1861–64), stipulated that only the Melbourne rules were to be used. This law was reinforced by the Athletic Sports Committee (ASC), which ran a variation of the Challenge Cup in 1865–66. With input from other clubs, the rules underwent several minor revisions, establishing
23635-470: The upper house. Beginning in 2006 , election dates have been fixed at the third Saturday in March of every fourth year. The House of Assembly (or "lower house") is made up of 47 members who are each elected by the full-preference instant-runoff voting system in single-member electorates . Each of the 47 electoral districts (electorates) contains approximately the same number of voters. Casual vacancies , when
23798-412: The usage of other means, such as punching. While in possession of the ball, players may run with the ball, but are required to either bounce or touch the ball on the ground at least once every 15 metres (16 yd). Tackling is a technique employed by players used to force opposition players to dispose of the ball when they are in possession. Failure to dispose of the ball when legally tackled may see
23961-425: The wooden spoon. The Adelaide club resigned in writing from the SAFA in March 1894 before the commencement of the season and disbanded permanently with Eastbourne rejoining the City and Suburban Association. The old Adelaide Football Club (SAFA 1877–1881) and the Adelaide Football Club (SAFA 1885–1893) have no relationship to the Adelaide Football Club currently playing in the Australian Football League (AFL) or to
24124-429: Was "almost solely influenced by his experience at Rugby School". A loosely organised Melbourne side, captained by Wills, played against other football enthusiasts in the winter and spring of 1858. The following year, on 14 May, the Melbourne Football Club was officially established, making it one of the world's oldest football clubs . Three days later, Wills, Hammersley, Thompson and teacher Thomas H. Smith met near
24287-545: Was a 20-per-side affair, played with a ball that was roughly spherical, and lasted until a team scored two goals. The shape of the playing field was not standardised; matches often took place in rough, tree-spotted public parks, most notably the Richmond Paddock ( Yarra Park ), known colloquially as the Melbourne Football Ground. Wills argued that the turf of cricket fields would benefit from being trampled upon by footballers in winter, and, as early as 1859, football
24450-428: Was a small attendance, and Mr. H. Y. Sparks presided. The representatives appointed to confer with delegates from the Kensington and Port Suburban Football Clubs laid on the table a code of rules for the regulation of matches which had been agreed to on Saturday evening. After some slight discussion it was resolved to, as is elsewhere announced, adjourn the meeting to Thursday evening, when the Club will be asked to confirm
24613-590: Was again captain of one side and Thomas O'Halloran the other. North Adelaide would win by one goal. The clubs first annual general meeting since the clubs formation was, again, held at the Globe Inn Hotel on 10 April 1861. At this meeting James MacGeorge was elected as club chairman. The first intra-club match for the club in 1861, delayed by a week, occurred on 27 April. Thomas O'Halloran and John Acraman were chosen as captains for this match. Thomas O'Halloran 's side wore blue and John Acraman 's side wore pink. Thomas O'Halloran 's side won 2–0. The club scheduled
24776-421: Was allowed on the MCG. However, cricket authorities frequently prohibited football on their grounds until the 1870s, when they saw an opportunity to capitalise on the sport's growing popularity. Football gradually adapted to an oval-shaped field, and most grounds in Victoria expanded to accommodate the dual purpose—a situation that continues to this day. Football became organised in South Australia in 1860 with
24939-466: Was an unpaid position as members were expected to be able to support themselves through other means. This changed with the passage of the Payment of Members Act 1887 that set an annual salary of 200 pounds for members of both Houses who were not ministers. This rate has subsequently continued to evolve with the rate now set by an independent remuneration tribunal. In 1889, the House of Assembly moved out of
25102-514: Was between Melbourne Grammar and St Kilda Grammar. On 10 July 1858, the Melbourne-based Bell's Life in Victoria and Sporting Chronicle published a letter by Tom Wills , captain of the Victoria cricket team , calling for the formation of a "foot-ball club" with a "code of laws" to keep cricketers fit during winter. Born in Australia, Wills played a nascent form of rugby football while
25265-413: Was changed to instant-runoff voting , with multi-member districts using the preferential block voting variant of the system. In 1973, as part of the reforms to the upper house, the Legislative Council switched to using a party list form of proportional representation voting that was subsequently changed to the single transferable vote in 1982. From 1985 until 2017, the Legislative Council also used
25428-435: Was coined by scholar Ian Turner in 1978 to describe the "fictitious geographical barrier" separating the rugby-following parts of New South Wales and Queensland from the rest of the country, where Australian football reigned. It became a reference point for the expansion of Australian football and for establishing a national league. The way the game was played had changed dramatically due to innovative coaching tactics, with
25591-553: Was elected. Mr. H. Conigrave was appointed Secretary and Treasurer. The annual subscription was fixed at 5s. On 20 July 1876, Charles Kingston , now Secretary of the new South Adelaide Football Club , organised a meeting at the old Prince Alfred Hotel and pleaded with the delegates of the other local clubs that the rules of the Old Adelaide club be universally adopted by South Australian clubs as they closely resembled those used in Victoria . Part of Charles Kingston's argument to adopt
25754-404: Was increased to a 2:1 ratio, the number of MPs was reduced to 39 and the multi-member seats were abandoned for single-member seats. The House of Assembly now consisted of 26 low-population rural seats, which due to population shifts, were holding up to a 10-to-1 advantage over the 13 high-population metropolitan seats, even though rural seats contained only a third of South Australia's population. At
25917-461: Was reported on Saturday 11th June 1881 that endeavours are being made to induce that North Adelaide Juniors and the North Parks to amalgamate and apply to the Association for permission to take up the fixtures of the Adelaide and Kensington Club. Australian rules football Australian rules football , also called Australian football or Aussie rules , or more simply football or footy ,
26080-460: Was resolved to ask His Excellency to accept the office of president, and Mr. J. Acraman that of vice-president. Messrs. F. Aldridge, A. E. Ayers, R. Turner,and H. Holthouse were appointed a Committee, and Mr. S. G. Kingston Secretary and Treasurer. Several routine matters were referred to the committee, and the meeting adjourned. Upwards of 40 members were enrolled. The opening game was advertised to be played next Saturday. On Saturday 9 May 1874 in
26243-432: Was simplified to apply to all Australian war veterans regardless of the war they served in. In 1969, the franchise was granted to any person who owned or rented property, regardless of the value of the property. Further, the franchise was extended to the wedded spouse of the owner or renter. Finally in 1973, all property qualifications were removed and the Council became a body elected via proportional representation by
26406-439: Was the first true parliamentary body in South Australia. The Act also made provision for a commission to initiate the establishment of democratic government, electoral districts, requirements for voting rights, and terms of office. Although the old governing Council advising the Governor met at Government House , this new Legislative Council met at a new purpose built chamber on North Terrace. This chamber eventually grew into what
26569-483: Was voted to the chair. It was decided that the officers of both clubs should be joint officers of the amalgamated clubs. Messrs E. O. Moore and F. D. Phillips were elected. Joint Secretaries and Treasurers; and Messrs, C. W. Hughes, H. S. Wyatt, W. E. Dalton, J. D. Stephens, O. E. Herbert, and F. H. Clark committee. Messrs. T. A Caterer and E. O. Moore were appointed Association delegates, Messrs. C. W. Hughes, A. Harrison, F. D. Phillips to act with them at general meetings of
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