The Oakland Six was the first six-cylinder engine offered by the Oakland Motor Company in 1913 which became a division of General Motors in 1909. The Oakland Six was offered in many different model names that changed every year, along with several body styles and engine displacements until 1929, when the V8 was reintroduced, then in 1931 Oakland was renamed Pontiac. When Oakland became a division of GM and introduced the Oakland Four , Oldsmobile and Buick shared bodywork and chassis of their six-cylinder models with Oakland. When Chevrolet became part of GM in 1917, Oakland chassis and bodywork were shared with Chevrolet. Manufacture of the Oakland was completed in Pontiac, Michigan .
33-465: The 1913 Greyhound was developed and manufactured after GM bought Oakland Motor Company and the engine was provided by Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division of GM and was positioned above the Oakland Four . The Greyhound was available in two body styles and prices ranged from US$ 2,400 for a runabout ($ 73,988 in 2023 dollars ) while a touring sedan was listed at US$ 2,550 ($ 78,612 in 2023 dollars ) while
66-462: A 115" wheelbase while all models were identified as the 34-C, with only minor changes to technology, appearance and body styles offered. Prices ranged from US$ 1,395 ($ 25,393 in 2023 dollars ) to US$ 2,065 ($ 37,589 in 2023 dollars ). 1923 was a pivotal year as prices dropped to US$ 975 ($ 17,436 in 2023 dollars ) for a roadster or touring sedan to US$ 1,545 ($ 27,629 in 2023 dollars ) for a closed body sedan. Minor mechanical, appearance changes continued while
99-639: A division of GM, Oldsmobile and Buick shared bodywork and chassis of their four-cylinder models with Oakland. Manufacture of the Oakland was completed in Pontiac, Michigan . Oakland (Pontiac) wouldn't use another 4-cylinder engine until 1961 with the Pontiac Trophy 4 engine . The following year the Model A was renamed the Model 40 with a 112 in (2,845 mm) wheelbase while the coachwork choices remained, and by 1910
132-426: A four- or seven-passenger touring sedan or closed body limousine. Prices for the limousine were listed at US$ 3,000 ($ 94,717 in 2023 dollars ) which placed it as a competitor with Oldsmobile and Cadillac of the same year. Model year 1913 saw a fourth choice wheelbase added. The choices were the Model 35 with a 112", the Model 42 with a 116", the Model 45 with a 120" and the Model 40 with a 214". The Model 45 Limousine
165-410: A single-axle caravan, to distribute the caravan's weight so that down-thrust on the tow-hook is about 100 pounds force (400 N). Likewise, a car may oversteer or even "spin out" if there is too much force on the front tires and not enough on the rear tires. Also, when turning there is lateral torque placed upon the tires which imparts a turning force that depends upon the length of the tire distances from
198-400: Is often desirable in high speeds. A deck with a short wheelbase, say 14 inches (35.6 cm), will respond quickly to turns, which is often desirable when skating backyard pools or other terrains requiring quick or intense turns. In rail vehicles, the wheelbase follows a similar concept. However, since the wheels may be of different sizes (for example, on a steam locomotive ), the measurement
231-391: Is related to the force on each pair of tires by the following formula: where F f {\displaystyle F_{f}} is the force on the front tires, F r {\displaystyle F_{r}} is the force on the rear tires, L {\displaystyle L} is the wheelbase, d r {\displaystyle d_{r}}
264-448: Is taken between the points where the wheels contact the rail, and not between the centers of the wheels. On vehicles where the wheelsets (axles) are mounted inside the vehicle frame (mostly in steam locomotives), the wheelbase is the distance between the front-most and rear-most wheelsets. On vehicles where the wheelsets are mounted on bogies (American: trucks) , three wheelbase measurements can be distinguished: The wheelbase affects
297-399: Is the mass of the vehicle, and g {\displaystyle g} is the gravity constant . So, for example, when a truck is loaded, its center of gravity shifts rearward and the force on the rear tires increases. The vehicle will then ride lower. The amount the vehicle sinks will depend on counter acting forces, like the size of the tires, tire pressure, and the spring rate of
330-475: Is the acceleration of gravity (approx. 9.8 m/s ), h c m {\displaystyle h_{cm}} is the height of the CM above the ground, a {\displaystyle a} is the acceleration (or deceleration if the value is negative). So, as is common experience, when the vehicle accelerates, the rear usually sinks and the front rises depending on the suspension. Likewise, when braking
363-406: Is the distance from the center of mass (CM) to the rear wheels, d f {\displaystyle d_{f}} is the distance from the center of mass to the front wheels ( d f {\displaystyle d_{f}} + d r {\displaystyle d_{r}} = L {\displaystyle L} ), m {\displaystyle m}
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#1732854776812396-430: Is the force on the rear tires, d r {\displaystyle d_{r}} is the distance from the CM to the rear wheels, d f {\displaystyle d_{f}} is the distance from the CM to the front wheels, L {\displaystyle L} is the wheelbase, m {\displaystyle m} is the mass of the vehicle, g {\displaystyle g}
429-552: The VW Tiguan and Jeep Wrangler are available with long wheelbases. In contrast, coupé varieties of some vehicles such as the Honda Accord are usually built on shorter wheelbases than the sedans they are derived from. The wheelbase on many commercially available bicycles and motorcycles is so short, relative to the height of their centers of mass , that they are able to perform stoppies and wheelies . In skateboarding
462-409: The suspension . If the vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, extra torque is placed on the rear or front tire respectively. The equation relating the wheelbase, height above the ground of the CM, and the force on each pair of tires becomes: where F f {\displaystyle F_{f}} is the force on the front tires, F r {\displaystyle F_{r}}
495-402: The 6-48 had three types including a speedster listed at US$ 1,785 ($ 54,297 in 2023 dollars ). Model year 1915 saw further refinement with only two body styles offered and two wheelbases of 110" and 123.5"; the 1915 was labeled as the Model 49 while the 1916 was labeled the Model 32. Mechanical and appearance changes occurred as usual from GM products during this time, and total production for 1915
528-426: The CM. Thus, in a car with a short wheelbase ("SWB"), the short lever arm from the CM to the rear wheel will result in a greater lateral force on the rear tire which means greater acceleration and less time for the driver to adjust and prevent a spin out or worse. Wheelbases provide the basis for one of the most common vehicle size class systems. Some vehicles are offered with long-wheelbase variants to increase
561-442: The Model 33 with a 106 in (2,700 mm) wheelbase. For model year 1912 the choice of wheelbases offered were reduced to three and the naming conventions were standardized. The Model 30 used a 96 in (2,400 mm) wheelbase and was roadster or touring sedan. The Model 40 added a closed body coupe using a 112 in (2,800 mm) wheelbase, and the Model 45 used a 120 in (3,000 mm) wheelbase and offered either
594-421: The deck. A common misconception is that the choice of wheelbase is influenced by the height of the skateboarder. However, the length of the deck would then be a better candidate, because the wheelbase affects characteristics useful in different speeds or terrains regardless of the height of the skateboarder. For example, a deck with a long wheelbase, say 22 inches (55.9 cm), will respond slowly to turns, which
627-545: The engine displacement was 334 cu in (5.5 L) generating 60 hp (45 kW) and a wheelbase of 130 in (3,302 mm). 1913 was also the year Oakland radiators used a rounded V appearance shared with the Oakland Four. For 1914 the Model 6-60 and 6-48 were both introduced using the previous wheelbase but two different horsepower ratings. The more powerful 6-60 was available with four body styles but one listed price of US$ 2,450 ($ 74,526 in 2023 dollars ) while
660-490: The entry-level position in the corporate hierarchy. Unusually, the Oakland Model 50 V8 didn't return for 1918 and the Model 34-B continued for 1919 and was the only product offered for Oakland in six different body styles and prices ranged from US$ 1,050 ($ 21,269 in 2023 dollars ) to US$ 1,550 ($ 36,862 in 2023 dollars ) for the closed body coupe or sedan. Model years 1920 continued with the 112" wheelbase while 1921 and 1922 used
693-425: The four-cylinder was installed in two different body styles with a choice of four different wheelbases with individual model names. The Model 24 roadster had a 96 in (2,438 mm) wheelbase while the longer Model M roadster had a 122 in (3,099 mm) wheelbase. The touring sedan came as Model 25 with a 100 in (2,500 mm) wheelbase, the Model K with a 102 in (2,600 mm) wheelbase, and
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#1732854776812726-416: The front noses down and the rear rises. Because of the effect the wheelbase has on the weight distribution of the vehicle, wheelbase dimensions are crucial to the balance and steering. For example, a car with a much greater weight load on the rear tends to understeer due to the lack of the load (force) on the front tires and therefore the grip ( friction ) from them. This is why it is crucial, when towing
759-461: The naming convention changed to Model 6-44 with a 115" wheelbase. Roadsters and touring sedans had the ability to fold the windshield forward on top of the cowl for open air driving. 1924 and 1925 were the last years of the Oakland Model 6-54 using a 113" wheelbase before Pontiac was introduced and ten different body styles were now provided by new GM Division Fisher Body with both open and closed coachwork choices available. The most affordable choice
792-406: The rail vehicle's capability to negotiate curves. Short-wheelbased vehicles can negotiate sharper curves. On some larger wheelbase locomotives, inner wheels may lack flanges in order to pass curves. The wheelbase also affects the load the vehicle poses to the track, track infrastructure and bridges. All other conditions being equal, a shorter wheelbase vehicle represents a more concentrated load to
825-404: The same price. This article about a brass-era automobile produced between 1905 and 1915 is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Wheelbase In both road and rail vehicles , the wheelbase is the horizontal distance between the centers of the front and rear wheels. For road vehicles with more than two axles (e.g. some trucks), the wheelbase is the distance between
858-718: The spaciousness and therefore the luxury of the vehicle. This practice can often be found on full-size cars like the Mercedes-Benz S-Class , but ultra-luxury vehicles such as the Rolls-Royce Phantom and even large family cars like the Rover 75 came with 'limousine' versions. Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Tony Blair was given a long-wheelbase version of the Rover 75 for official use. and even some SUVs like
891-409: The steering (front) axle and the centerpoint of the driving axle group. In the case of a tri-axle truck, the wheelbase would be the distance between the steering axle and a point midway between the two rear axles. The wheelbase of a vehicle equals the distance between its front and rear wheels. At equilibrium, the total torque of the forces acting on a vehicle is zero. Therefore, the wheelbase
924-423: The word 'wheelbase' is used for the distance between the two inner pairs of mounting holes on the deck. This is different from the distance between the rotational centers of the two wheel pairs. A reason for this alternative use is that decks are sold with prefabricated holes, but usually without trucks and wheels. It is therefore easier to use the prefabricated holes for measuring and describing this characteristic of
957-496: Was for 1915 and 1916 using a 112" wheelbase as the company switched to a straight-six, while the first Oakland V8 was offered in 1915, sourced from the Northway Engine Division of GM. As Oakland began to positioned as the entry-level GM product, prices for the Model 37 and Model 38 using a 112" wheelbase were documented at US$ 1,050 ($ 29,400 in 2023 dollars ) and offered a choice of touring sedan, roadster or speedster for
990-598: Was recorded at 12,000 cars. 1917 was the end of WWI and the Six Model 34 was now the entry-level product when the Model 50 V8 was introduced. Prices had significantly dropped and four body styles were offered for the Six; a roadster, touring sedan and closed body coupe were offered on a 112" wheelbase for US$ 945 ($ 22,474 in 2023 dollars ) while the sedan was slightly more at US$ 1,020 ($ 24,257 in 2023 dollars ). The Chevrolet Series 490 and Chevrolet Series F were now part of GM and took
1023-410: Was still listed at US$ 3,000 while the longest wheelbase was the Model 40 and was a touring sedan only. 1914 saw an elimination of a wheelbase choice with the Model 43 using a 116" and two closed body choices of a coupe or sedan or a touring sedan, the Model 35 and Model 36 both using a 112" and coachwork choices of roadster, cabriolet or touring sedan. The last year a four-cylinder engine was offered
Oakland Six - Misplaced Pages Continue
1056-657: Was the US$ 1,095 ($ 19,468 in 2023 dollars ) five-passenger touring sedan to the US$ 1,645 ($ 29,246 in 2023 dollars ) Landau Sedan. More changes in appearance, chassis length and body styles, and the 1926 and 1927 were called the Greater Six with a 113" wheelbase, then in 1928 it was again changed to the Model 212 All-American with a 117" wheelbase. 1929 was the last year the All-American Six was offered while offering eight different body styles. Oakland Four The Oakland Model A
1089-553: Was the first four-cylinder engine offered by the Oakland Motor Company in 1907, which became a division of General Motors in 1909. The Model A was developed and manufactured from former Oakland Motor Company sources while the engine was provided by Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division of GM of Detroit. The Model A was available in several body styles and prices ranged from US$ 1,300 ($ 44,084 in 2023 dollars ) to US$ 2,150 ($ 72,909 in 2023 dollars ). Once Oakland became
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