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65-621: India is Mashinostroyeniya's second largest customer after the Russian Federation for sale of P-70 Ametist , BrahMos , BrahMos-II and P-800 Oniks . NPO Mashinostroyeniya was founded in 1944 to develop rockets for the Russian military. Under the leadership of cruise missile designer Vladimir Chelomey , the firm was lead developer of the Soviet Union's space satellites, cruise missiles, and intercontinental ballistic missiles. Originally part of

130-457: A future hypersonic missile, to be called the BrahMos-II , will likely be developed from and have similar characteristics to the 3M22 Zircon . The BrahMos was developed from Russia's NPO Mashinostroyenia (NPOM) P-800 Oniks family of cruise missiles, through a joint venture between NPOM and India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), named BrahMos Aerospace . The company

195-504: A liquid-fuelled ramjet responsible for sustained supersonic cruise. Air-breathing ramjet propulsion is much more fuel-efficient than rocket propulsion, giving the BrahMos a longer range than a pure rocket-powered missile would achieve. The high speed of the BrahMos likely gives it better target-penetration characteristics than lighter subsonic cruise-missiles, such as Tomahawk . Being twice as heavy and almost four times as fast as Tomahawk,

260-529: A mobile command post. Total five regiments are in service. India has deployed BrahMos along with long range cruise missile Nirbhay and Akash surface to air missile to deter Chinese aggression along the Line of Actual Control in eastern Ladakh . As of July 2024, 40 Sukhoi Su-30MKIs have been modified to carry BrahMos missiles. The range of air launched BrahMos is already upgraded to 450 km and will be increased to 800+ km. Another 84 jets will be modified under

325-579: A sea-based target in the Bay of Bengal. This made the Indian Air Force the first in the world to have successfully tested such a type of air launched trisonic-class missile on a sea-based target. After the IAF successfully tested BrahMos from a Su-30MKI against a sea-based target, it declared on 17 December 2019 that the integration of BrahMos-A on Su-30 MKI is completed. 50 IAF SU-30MKI will be modified to carry

390-613: Is 41%. In Pokhran, 19% of the population is under 6 years of age. The Pokhran Test Range ( PTR ) is a key component of India's nuclear programme which is located outside the Pokaran Municipal Board jurisdiction and is controlled by the Indian Army . The army base is located 45 km north-west of Pokhran town and 4 km north of Khetolai village. The army base was built by the Indian Army Corps of Engineers and

455-541: Is a hypersonic cruise missile currently under development, expected to have characteristics similar to the 3M22 Zircon . Development could take 7–8 years to complete. The former President of India , A. P. J. Abdul Kalam asked BrahMos Aerospace to develop an advanced version of the BrahMos cruise missile to maintain India's lead in the field. He stated that a hypersonic version of BrahMos would be needed that could deliver its payload and return to base. The BrahMos Block

520-723: Is a joint venture between the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Russian Federation 's NPO Mashinostroyeniya , who together have formed BrahMos Aerospace . The missile is based on P-800 Oniks . The name BrahMos is a portmanteau formed from the names of two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia. The land-launched and ship-launched versions are already in service. An air-launched variant of BrahMos which can be fired from

585-425: Is a shortened version based on the existing BrahMos system. A model of the new variant was revealed on 20 February 2013, at the 15th anniversary celebrations of BrahMos Corporation. It will maintain range of 290 km and speed of Mach 3.5 but will weigh around 1.5 tons, with a length of 6 metres and a diameter of 50 cm, making it 50% lighter and three metres shorter than its predecessor. The first test flight

650-628: Is a town and a municipality located 112 km east of Jaisalmer city in the Jaisalmer district of the Indian state of Rajasthan . It is situated in the Thar Desert region. Surrounded by rocks, sand and five salt ranges, the word "Pokaran" (पोकरण) means "place surrounded by five salt-ranges" in Rajasthani . The site for India's first and second underground nuclear weapon test is near Pokhran. Pokhran

715-602: Is capable of being launched from multiple platforms like submarines, ships, aircraft and land based Mobile Autonomous Launchers (MAL). On 12 August 2011, it was test-fired by ground forces and met all mission parameters. The new navigation system uses an Indian chip called G3OM ( GPS , GLONASS , GAGAN on a module ). The system weighs around 17 grams, and gives accuracy below five metres using Indian, US and Russian navigation satellites. The system can be used in tandem with an inertial navigation system (INS) to provide high-accuracy targeting without using any seeker. BrahMos

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780-400: Is located 112 km east of Jaisalmer city, 172 km northwest of Jodhpur and 225 km south of Bikaner by road. It lies on Jaisalmer to Jodhpur railway line. It is situated at 27°05′42″N 71°45′11″E  /  27.095°N 71.753°E  / 27.095; 71.753 and has an average elevation of 233 metres (764 feet). It has arid climate as it lies in

845-484: Is now ready to enter mass production. The test validated the structural integrity and functional performance. Major airframe assemblies such as non-metallic air frame sections comprising ramjet fuel tank and pneumatic fuel supply system which form the integral part of the Ramjet Engine are now locally developed. 2019 BrahMos has the capability of attacking surface targets by flying as low as five metres in altitude and

910-496: Is now the only nation in the world with this advanced technology". After the third test, Lt Gen. Noble Thamburaj, said that the Indian Army wanted the BrahMos to achieve high standards of accuracy and congratulated the scientists on behalf of the Indian Army. The Indian Army confirmed that the test was successful and the army is satisfied with the missile. This marking the completion of the development phase of BrahMos Block-II, and it

975-674: Is planning to manufacture BrahMos-NG in Uttar Pradesh . The Indian Air Force already confirmed a requirement of 400 missile that will cost around ₹8,000 crore and be delivered within 5 years of time period. At the World Defense Show in February 2024, BrahMos Export Director Pravin Pathak disclosed that the initial flight samples of the BrahMos-NG will be gathered for flight testing concurrently with

1040-529: Is scheduled to commence from 2027. Reportedly, the orders include 2 batteries. Each battery would include 6-8 Tatra launch vehicles, each carrying 6 BrahMos missiles. These will be initially deployed from INS Trata in Mumbai which is a coastal missile defence battery base. The NGMMCB will replace P-15 Termit anti ship missile batteries. On 21 February 2024, the Cabinet Committee on Security of India cleared

1105-516: Is under the control of Indian Army . It was built sometime before May 1974, when, following authorization given to the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre by then- Prime Minister Indira Gandhi , it hosted the detonation of India's first nuclear device. The Ministry of External Affairs designated the test "Pokhran-I", but it is also known as "Smiling Buddha". It was India's first successful nuclear bomb test on 18 May 1974. The bomb

1170-538: The National Aerospace Laboratories ' 1.2m Trisonic Wind Tunnel Facility. Defence Materials and Stores Research and Development Establishment (DMSRDE) was successful in preparing domestic fuel for BrahMos. Testing of the fuel, which will power the missile's liquid ramjet engine, has begun at Defence Research and Development Laboratory (DRDL). As per the lab, the fuel will not freeze even in temperatures between −50° and −55 °C. It will replace

1235-511: The Pokhran range in the desert, in which the evasive 'S' maneuver at Mach 2.8 was demonstrated for the Indian Army , and a launch in which the land attack capability from sea was demonstrated. Keltec (now known as BrahMos Aerospace Trivandrum Ltd or BATL), an Indian state-owned firm, was acquired by BrahMos Corporation in 2008. Approximately ₹ 1,500 crore (equivalent to ₹ 42 billion or US$ 501.0 million in 2023) invested in

1300-572: The Specially Designated Nationals List (SDN) in retaliation for the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War . ScarCruft and the Lazarus Group allegedly hacked company systems in 2021, according to reports published by cybersecurity firm SentinelOne. BrahMos The BrahMos (also designated as PJ-10 ) is a medium-range ramjet supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarines, ships, fighter aircraft or TEL . It

1365-798: The Su-30MKI as its carrier. On 5 September 2010 BrahMos created a record for the first supersonic steep dive. The BrahMos missile also utilises a " fire-and-forget " system, requiring no additional input from the operator once the missile has been launched. In 2016, India became a member of the MTCR . India and Russia are now planning to jointly develop a new generation of BrahMos missiles with 1500 km-plus range and an ability to hit protected targets with pinpoint accuracy. On 24 November 2020, DRDO successfully test fired upgraded 800 km BrahMos variant. This upgrade will also be applied to all existing BrahMos missiles. BrahMos-NG (Next Generation) or BrahMos-MA

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1430-603: The Super Sukhoi upgrade programme. BrahMos has become one of the main strike missile that has been deployed in the Navy fleet. Most of the modern destroyers, frigates and corvettes are being equipped with this missile. On 30 March 2023, MoD inked a contract with BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited (BAPL) for procurement of Next Generation Maritime Mobile Coastal Batteries (Long range) {NGMMCB (LR)} and BrahMos Missiles at an approximate cost of over Rs 1,700 crore. The delivery of NGMMCBs

1495-518: The Thar Desert and receives a little rain in the monsoon months July to September. Pokhran has extreme climate. It has extremely hot and dry summers from April to June though monsoon months are also very hot. The temperature in summer can reach 46°C during the day. The night temperature in summer is more than 30°C, Pokhran has very cold winters with temperature dropping to 1°C. There is nothing much to see in Pokhran. Tourists may find winter pleasant during

1560-405: The BrahMos has more than 32 times the on-cruise kinetic energy of a Tomahawk missile, although it carries only 3/5 the payload and a fraction of the range, which suggests that the missile was designed with a different tactical role. Its Mach 2.8 speed means that it cannot be intercepted by some existing missile defence systems and its precision makes it lethal to water targets. Although BrahMos

1625-650: The BrahMos missile. In 2017, the Shore-based Anti-ship Missile System Acquisition Project for the maritime force was first conceptualized, while in 2020 the Office of the President approved its inclusion in the Horizon 2 Priority Projects. In 2021 December 27, two special allotment release orders (SARO) — worth Php 1.3 billion (₹190 crore) and Php 1.535 billion (₹224 crore) — were issued by

1690-626: The BrahMos-A missile, these modified Su-30MKIs will have electronic circuits capable of withstanding nuclear electromagnetic pulse . According to the CEO of BrahMos Aerospace, Sudhir Kumar Mishra, BrahMos-A can reach targets thousands of kilometres away considering the range of launch aircraft. On 20 January 2020, the IAF commissioned its first squadron of Su-30MKI fighters equipped with the BrahMos-A missile. IAF plans to procure 200 BrahMos-A missiles. IAF test fired BrahMos-A from Su-30MKI on 8 December 2021 and

1755-524: The BrahMos-NG will have an AESA radar rather than the mechanically scanned one on the BrahMos. The missile will arm the Sukhoi Su-30MKI , Mikoyan MiG-29K , HAL Tejas , including Dassault Rafale , and HAL Tejas Mk 2 in later stages. Submarine launched variant will be capable of being fired from the new P75I class of submarines. The Sukhoi Su-30MKI would carry three missiles while other combat aircraft would carry one each. BrahMos Aerospace

1820-507: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), under which the missile was launched with an indigenous booster. The missile was launched from a land-based facility in Odisha . This is the second test-firing of the extended range version of the missile which has an indigenously developed airframe and booster. The submarine-launched variant of BrahMos was test fired successfully for

1885-732: The Department of Budget Management (DBM) for the Shore-Based Anti-Ship Missile System Acquisition Project of the Philippine Navy . The SARO allows the DND to finalise contracts for military projects. In 2021 December 31, BrahMos Aerospace Pvt Ltd's representatives received the Notice of Award (NOA) for the project worth US$ 374,962,800. A contract was signed on 28 January 2022. It includes at least 3 batteries as part of

1950-548: The OKB-51 design bureau, it relocated to Reutov, and from 1955 to 1966 was designated OKB-52 (and also OKB-52 MAP ). OKB-52 became later known as TsKBM . The OKB-52 was the main rival of OKB-1 (then the design bureau of Sergei Korolev , later renamed TsKBEM, today RSC Energia ) during the Soviet human lunar programs and the Soviet space station program . At its peak in the mid-1980s, NPO Mashinostroyeniya employed nearly 10,000. By

2015-571: The Su-30MKI appeared in 2012 and entered service in 2019. The missile guidance has been developed by BrahMos Aerospace. In 2016, after India became a member of the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), India and Russia gradually increased the range of the missile. In 2024, Indian Navy ordered 220 BrahMos extended-range missiles with 800 km range. The CEO of the joint Indo-Russian BrahMos program, Atul Rane, stated in 2022,

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2080-447: The Su-30MKI to carry the missile. On 22 October 2008, A. Sivathanu Pillai , Chief Controller, R&D, DRDO and CEO and managing director of BrahMos Aerospace, announced that trials and tests were to be carried out by 2011, and the IAF would get its own version of BrahMos by 2012. On 10 January 2009, it was reported that two Indian Air Force Su-30MKI fighter jets were sent to Russia for a retrofit program that would enable them to launch

2145-471: The acquisition of over 220 BrahMos-ER for deployment on warships of Indian Navy. A deal worth around ₹ 19,518.65 crore (US$ 2.3 billion) for missile procurement has been signed on 1 March 2024 by BAPL and MoD along with a deal of ₹ 988.07 crore (US$ 120 million) for shipborne BrahMos launch systems. In 2021 March, the Department of National Defense (DND) signed an arms agreement with India to potentially acquire Indian weapons, including

2210-681: The agreement. A battery will have at least 3 mobile firing units, plus attached command and control, radar, and support vehicles and units. Each mobile firing unit has 3 ready-to-fire BrahMos anti-ship supersonic missiles, with the export variant having a maximum range of around 290 kilometers. The batteries will be operated by the Shore-Based Anti-Ship Missile (SBASM) Battalion of the Philippine Marine Corps ' Coastal Defense Regiment. Philippines Marine Corps personnel has also completed their mandatory operator training under

2275-424: The air-launched version of BrahMos is being developed and will be tested by the end of 2012. This version of the BrahMos missile will use air-breathing scramjet propulsion technology and would be more fuel-efficient than a traditional rocket-powered missile. The purchase of over 200 air-launched BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles for the IAF was cleared by Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) on 19 October 2012, at

2340-456: The building of the manufacturing factory, with an anticipated launch date of late 2025 or early 2026. In August 2024, Co-director of the project, Alexander Maksichev revealed that the flight trials of BrahMoA-MA will begin in 2026 and the company is now engaged in preparing the detailed design documents. This difference in timeline and name designation, however, led to a question that wheter India and Russian projects are different. BrahMos-II

2405-408: The components with an Indian made seeker and booster. The BrahMos headquarters complex is located at New Delhi and consists of a design centre and aerospace knowledge centre. The integration complex is located at Hyderabad and a production centre is located at Thiruvananthapuram . Another assembly line is being established at Pilani . The aerodynamic characterization research was conducted at

2470-527: The cost of ₹ 6,000 crore (equivalent to ₹ 110 billion or US$ 1 billion in 2023). This would include funds for the integration and testing of the BrahMos on Su-30MKI of the IAF. As per this plan, the first test of the air-launched version of the missile was to be conducted by December 2012. Two Su-30MKI of the IAF would be modified by the HAL at its Nashik facility where they will also be integrated with

2535-461: The day but they are not allowed near the nuclear test site. Fort Pokhran, the 14th century citadel also known as "Balagarh", stands amidst the Thar Desert . This monument is the premier fort of the chief of the Champawats, one of the clan of Rathores of the state of Marwar - Jodhpur . Fort Pokhran is open for visitors and is being currently run as heritage hotel by the royal family of Pokhran. On

2600-437: The facility to make BrahMos components and integrate the missile systems. This was necessitated by the increased order book of the missile system, with orders having been placed by both the Indian Army and Navy . Initially, Russia supplied 65% of the BrahMos' components, including its ramjet engine and radar seeker. Currently 65% of the missile is manufactured in India and there are plans to increase this to 85% by replacing

2665-402: The first time from a submerged pontoon near Visakhapatnam at the coast of Bay of Bengal on 20 March 2013. This was the first vertical launch of an Indian supersonic missile from a submerged platform. The missile can be launched from a depth of 40 to 50 m (130 to 160 ft). In late January 2016, Russia confirmed that future Indian-made submarines would be armed with smaller version of

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2730-405: The height of 500 to 14,000 metres (1,640 to 46,000 ft). After release, the missile free falls for 100–150 metres, then goes into a cruise phase at 14,000 metres and finally the terminal phase at 15 metres. BrahMos Aerospace planned to deliver the missile to the IAF in 2015, where it is expected to arm at least three squadrons. A Su-30MKI is able to only carry one BrahMos missile. The missile

2795-466: The imported fuel from Russia. BrahMos was first test-fired on 12 June 2001 from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur in a vertical launch configuration. On 14 June 2004, another test was conducted at ITR and BrahMos was fired from a mobile launcher. On 5 March 2008, the land attack version of the missile was fired from the destroyer INS  Rajput and the missile hit and destroyed

2860-444: The maximum altitude it can fly is 15,000 metres. It has a diameter of 70 cm and a wingspan of 1.7 m. It can gain a speed of Mach 3.5, and has a maximum range of 650 km. The ship-launched and land-based missiles can carry a 200 kg warhead , whereas the aircraft-launched variant (BrahMos A) can carry a 300 kg warhead. It has a two-stage propulsion system, with a solid-propellant rocket for initial acceleration and

2925-642: The mid-1980s state support for NPO was dwindling. In the 1980s, the Soviet government directed NPO to develop vegetable oil processing equipment, baking industry equipment, and food storage products. By 1993, Mashinostroyeniya's defense orders dwindled to one-fifth of previous levels. On July 16, 2014, the Obama administration imposed sanctions through the US Department of Treasury 's Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) by adding NPO Mashinostroyeniya and other entities to

2990-423: The missile that could fit inside a torpedo tube. The BrahMos-A is a modified air-launched variant of the missile with a range of 500 km which can be launched from a Sukhoi Su-30MKI as a standoff weapon . To reduce the missile's weight to 2.55 tons, many modifications were made like using a smaller booster, adding fins for airborne stability after launch, and relocating the connector. It can be released from

3055-484: The missile's aerial launcher. A demonstration flight was carried out at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited Nashik on 25 June 2016 as a modified Su-30MKI carrying BrahMos-A underwent a successful trial flight, the first time a heavyweight supersonic cruise missile had been integrated on a long-range fighter aircraft; the project to adapt the weapon for air launch was approved in 2011, but was bogged down with technology transfer and intellectual property rights concerns. To carry

3120-406: The missile, the Su-30MKI undercarriage had to be strengthened, which also required new hard points and structural modifications. The cost of adapting the BrahMos for air launch was "phenomenal", but efforts to downsize the missile were abandoned after an attempt to reduce the size of the ramjet. On 22 November 2017, the missile was successfully test fired for the first time from a Sukhoi-30MKI against

3185-586: The missile. On 8 August 2009, Alexander Leonov, Director of the Russian Machine Building Research and Production Centre, said "we are ready for test launches." He also said that a new takeoff engine for the launching of the missile in air and at extremely high altitudes had been developed, and the initial test firing of the missile would be undertaken from the Su-30 MKI but did not specify the dates. On 26 February 2012, A. Sivathanu Pillai said that

3250-479: The outskirts of the town, the Satiyo Deval Sati Mata Memorial , a royal cenotaph, is freely accessible. According to 2011 Indian census , Pokhran had a population of 28,457 within Pokaran Municipal Board territory. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Pokhran has an average literacy rate of 56%, lower than the national average of 74.0%: male literacy is 68%, and female literacy

3315-657: The region. On 19 April 2024, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the first units of the BrahMos Missile Systems were delivered to the Philippine Marine Corps via Indian Air Force's C-17 and Il-76 transport aircraft. The deliveries to the Philippines was held up for a few months as the two nations hadn’t signed a non-disclosure agreement, various sources stated. Pokhran Pokhran (official spelling Pokaran ; Hindi : पोकरण )

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3380-467: The right target among a group of targets. The vertical launch of BrahMos was conducted on 18 December 2008 from INS Ranvir . The BrahMos I Block-I for the army was successfully tested with new capabilities in the deserts of Rajasthan , at a test range near Pokharan in December 2004 and March 2007. During a user trial on 20 January 2009, BrahMos was tested with a new navigation system but it failed to hit

3445-476: The supervision of BrahMos Aerospace and the Indian Navy. Indian Navy Chief Admiral R Hari Kumar felicitated Philippines Marine Corps personnel in a valedictory ceremony in India. Addressing the ceremony, Admiral Hari Kumar said that the induction of the BrahMos missile into the Philippine Marine Corps will strengthen the country's maritime capability and will contribute to the collective maritime security within

3510-401: The target. BrahMos Aerospace Corporation's director Dr A. Sivathanu Pillai said, "The missile performance was absolutely normal until the last phase, but the missile missed the target, though it maintained the direction." and that "The problem was in the software, not hardware". The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) said that there were "small hitches" in the last stage of

3575-406: The test firing due to delay in input of satellite navigation input to the inertial navigation system , the missile travelled for 112 seconds instead of the slated 84 seconds and fell 7 km away from the target. According to BrahMos Corporation, another test of the new missile was to be conducted within one month, but it was eventually conducted on 4 March 2009 and was deemed successful. BrahMos

3640-754: Was also planned to arm the Indian Navy 's Ilyushin Il-38 and Tupolev Tu-142 maritime patrol and anti-submarine aircraft with 6 missiles per aircraft, but this could not be made possible due to insufficient ground clearance of the IL-38, high cost of modifying the Tu-142 and the questionable benefits of modifying an aging fleet. An expert committee from the DRDO and the Indian Air Force (IAF) had ruled out any structural modifications to

3705-540: Was detonated on the army base Pokhran Test Range (PTR), in Rajasthan , by the Indian Army under the supervision of several key Indian generals. On 11 and 13 May 1998, twenty-four years after Pokhran-I, the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) conducted five further nuclear tests, dubbed " Pokhran-II ", at the Pokhran range. Four AEC devices and, under

3770-407: Was established on 5 December 1995 with an authorized share capital of US$ 250 million . India holds 50.5% share of the joint venture, and its initial financial contribution was US$ 126.25 million , while Russia holds 49.5% share with an initial contribution of US$ 123.75 million . Since late 2004, the missile has undergone several tests from a variety of platforms, including a land-based test from

3835-419: Was expected to take place in late 2024 induction by the end of 2025. BrahMos-NG will have lesser RCS ( radar cross section ) compared to its predecessor, making it harder for air defense systems to detect and engage the target. BrahMos-NG will have Air-launched and Submarine torpedo tube/VLS-launched variants. The missile has been designated as BrahMos-M, BrahMos-NG and BrahMos-MA over the years. Additionally,

3900-602: Was inducted into the army on 21 June 2007. The BrahMos has been inducted in three regiments of the Indian Army. The army has raised one regiment (numbered 861 ) of the Block I and two missile regiments of the BrahMos Block II, numbered 881 and 1889. The first regiment with five mobile launcher cost $ 83 million to set up. Each of the two new regiments would have between four and six batteries of three to four Mobile Autonomous Launchers (72 missiles per regiment) that can be connected to

3965-575: Was met. BrahMos became the only supersonic cruise missile possessing advanced capability of selection of a particular land target amongst a group of targets, providing an edge to the user with precise hit. Block III has advanced guidance and upgraded software, incorporating high manoeuvres at multiple points and steep dive from high altitude. It will be deployed in Arunachal Pradesh . It can engage ground targets from an altitude as low as 10 metres for surgical strikes without any collateral damage. It

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4030-545: Was primarily an anti-ship missile , the BrahMos Block III can also engage land-based targets. It can be launched either in a vertical or inclined position and is capable of covering targets over a 360-degree horizon. The BrahMos missile has an identical configuration for land, sea, and sub-sea platforms. The air-launched version has a smaller booster and additional tail fins for added stability during launch. The BrahMos has currently been configured for aerial deployment with

4095-494: Was ready for induction. The 5 September 2010 test of BrahMos created a world record for being the first cruise missile to be tested at supersonic speeds in a steep-dive mode. The missile was test-fired from the integrated test range launching complex-3 (LC-3) at Chandipur around 11.35 am. With this launch, the Indian army's requirement for land attacks with Block-II advanced seeker software with target discriminating capabilities

4160-403: Was test-fired again on 29 March 2009. For the test, the missile had to identify a building among a cluster of buildings in an urban environment. BrahMos successfully hit the intended target in two and a half minutes of launch. According to official sources, "The new seeker is unique and would help us to hit our targets, which are insignificant in terms of size, in a cluster of large buildings. India

4225-425: Was tested with an Indian seeker for the first time on 22 March 2018, and was tested with an India-developed propulsion system, airframe and power supply on 30 September 2019. On 30 September 2020, India successfully test-fired an extended range BrahMos, offering a range of around 350 km, at speeds up to Mach 2.8, an improvement over the initial 290 km. The test was carried out under BrahMos project of

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