Mount Oeta ( / ˈ ɛ t ə / ; Greek : Οίτη , polytonic Οἴτη , Oiti , also transcribed as Oite ) is a mountain in Central Greece . A southeastern offshoot of the Pindus range, it is 2,152 m (7,060 ft) high. Since 1966, the core area of the mountain is a national park , and much of the rest has been declared a special area under Natura 2000 .
36-521: (Redirected from OETA ) Oeta or OETA may refer to: Mount Oeta in Greece An ancient city, said to have been founded by Amphissus, son of Apollo and Dryope Staphylus oeta , a butterfly of family Hesperiidae Oklahoma Educational Television Authority , a public television network in Oklahoma, United States Occupied Enemy Territory Administration ,
72-409: A complex hydrogeology . Limestone and flysch , coupled with a complex geomorphology , combine to create a large network of sinkholes and caverns , giving rise to many springs, small rivers, and seasonal ponds in the main plateaus, chiefly those of Livadies (Λιβαδιές), Amaliolaka (Αμαλιόλακα) and Katavothra (Καταβόθρα). Three major rivers spring forth from the mountain: Gorgopotamos and Asopos from
108-661: A direction opposite to the subduction even while the latter is still subducting and compressing. This extension in the back-arc region, causing normal faults , even while reverse faults are still collecting in the compression zone, opened the Aegean Sea starting in the Miocene, and the Corinth rift along the Corinth fault, a normal one, starting less than 2 Ma in the Pleistocene (5-3 Ma). As
144-456: A height of 1,800 m, near the village of Pavliani. The temple complex remained in use until late Roman times . In historical times, the area of Oeta belonged to southern Thessaly , forming its southernmost district, that of Oetaea ( Οἰταῖα ). A city called Oeta was also said to have been founded by Amphissus, son of Apollo and Dryope , on the territory of the Malians , but most likely
180-504: A period of British and French control over Arab-majority areas of the former Ottoman Empire, during and following World War I Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (Ethiopia) , British military occupation administration in Ethiopia during World War II Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Oeta . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
216-531: A result of this "pull-apart" stress across the outer Hellenides, the Gulf of Corinth and its extension on the west, the Gulf of Patras, divided the Peloponnesus from the mainland and moved it south. The seismic zone created by all this deformation is one of the most intense on Earth. In addition to causing the main fault, the stress of extension relieved itself over a number of smaller approximately parallel subfaults within
252-401: Is 110 kilometres (68 mi), which is not exactly straight, but curves generally to the south and is positioned to take best advantage of the terrain. Because of the mountains, an aqueduct of this magnitude was impossible to ancient engineers, who constructed many effective aqueducts marvelous for their times. some of which stand partially yet. What the moderns have that the ancients did not are
288-540: Is 70 km (43 mi) long. Its source is in the southwestern part of the Oiti mountains, near the village Mavrolithari , Phocis. It flows towards the south, and enters the Mornos Reservoir near the village Lefkaditi . The dam was completed in 1979. It leaves the reservoir towards the west, near Perivoli . The river continues through a deep, sparsely populated valley, and turns south near Trikorfo . The lower course of
324-421: Is found in an isolated area on the northeast of the mountain. On the southern and western slopes there are oak forests (often mixed with fir), along with other broadleaved plants like Arbutus and Pistacia lentiscus . In the river gorges, planes, willows, and alder trees can be found. Slightly over 10% of the mountain—a comparatively high proportion—are meadows, which along with the exposed rocky slopes are
360-677: The Greek Resistance movement against the Axis occupation of Greece during World War II . The destruction of the Gorgopotamos viaduct on 25 November 1942 by a joint effort of Greek Resistance forces and British saboteurs is ranked as one of the most spectacular sabotage actions in occupied Europe . Mornos The Mornos ( Greek : Μόρνος ) is a river in Phocis and Aetolia-Acarnania in Greece . It
396-536: The Miocene (23-5 Ma) another geologic regime began, the extensional , as part of a process called back-arc extension . In this regime, not yet totally understood, the overriding plate behind the arc raised by the subduction, termed the " back arc ," began to extend itself, pushing the arc, here the Hellenic arc , back over the subduction, causing what is known as "slab-rollback," in which the actual line of subduction moves in
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#1732851199501432-509: The ortolan bunting , the horned lark , the eurasian skylark , the tawny pipit , the alpine accentor , the black redstart , the northern wheatear , the common rock thrush , the black stork and the white–winged snowfinch . As well as a great number of rare predatory birds, for example the golden eagle , the short–toed snake eagle and the peregrine falcon . Fish species of the parks rivers and lakes are Sperchios barbel , Macedonian chub , Sperchios spirlin , Greek trout and probably
468-619: The prefectures of Phocis in the south and Phthiotis in the north. Its northern side displays a steep and inaccessible terrain as it descends to the rift valley of the Spercheios river, forming a series of deep gorges—most famous of which is that of the Gorgopotamos river—a few of which boast large waterfalls, including the Kremastos waterfall, considered the highest in Central Greece . To
504-473: The 13th century, the city is mentioned only as an ecclesiastical center, being a metropolitan bishopric with one (10th century) and eventually twelve (12th century) suffragans . The city played a major role in the latter 13th century, when it was the capital of the independent Greek rulers of Thessaly , John I Doukas , Constantine Doukas and John II Doukas . The Catalan Company seized Neopatras and much of Phthiotis and southern Thessaly in 1319, forming
540-716: The Corinth Basin and to the north of it. One of these is the Amphissa-Arachova fault system, containing the Delphi fault, and creating the Pleistos rift valley. Further west is the Mornos fault, creating the Mornos rift valley, still separated from the valley to the east by mountains of the outer Hellenides. Mornos Lake was created as a reservoir for the city of Athens , which is populated by about 3.1 million people, representing about 40% of
576-452: The Mornos forms the boundary between Phocis and Aetolia-Acarnania. The Mornos empties into the Gulf of Corinth about 3 km southeast of Nafpaktos . The Mornos river erodes the Mornos rift valley , which crosses the trough between Parnassos and Pindus geotectonic zones. Those zones are simply mountain chains trending generally NW to SE. They were formed during the Hellenic orogeny , when
612-464: The areas of highest diversity. The mountain has a rich variety of flower species, such as lilies, croci, orchids, iris, violas, etc. It is therefore known as the "mountain of flowers". Along with the nearby Giona and Vardousia ranges, Oeta is the southernmost limit of presence for plants of northern origin, such as Actaea spicata or Rhynchocorys elephas . Mammals in the park are roe deer , wild boar and hare . The balkan chamois lives on
648-700: The city never existed, and instead refers to Oetaea or more generally the area of the Oetaean League . Further north, Hypate/ Hypata ( ἡ Ὑπάτη, τὰ Ὕπατα ), modern Ypati, was the chief city of the Aenianes , and a member of the Aetolian League . The women of Hypate were associated with witchcraft in Antiquity: the sorceresses Mycale and Agaonice, called the Pharmacidae, inhabited the area. Even in more recent times,
684-438: The dam is located in a region of high seismicity causes some concern and results in a higher level of monitoring. The lake has shrunk because of high temperatures and the lack of water, leading to the reemergence of Kallio , a village submerged by the creation of the lake. The Mornos aqueduct is the sole conduit of water extending the entire distance from the reservoir to the processing stations of north Attica. That distance
720-564: The east, Oeta is defined by the gorge of the Asopos (Ασωπός) river, which forms its boundary with the neighbouring Mount Kallidromo . The pass along the Asopos valley forms the chief passage between the Spercheios valley in the north and the Boeotic Cephissus valley in the south, with its northern exit close to the pass of Thermopylae . The southern slopes of Oeta are very gentle, bordering with
756-420: The east, and Vistriza/Inachos from the west, all of which are tributaries of Spercheios. The streams of the southern slope flow into the river Mornos . The mountain's tallest peak, Pyrgos (Πύργος), has a height of 2,152 metres (7,060 ft), while the second-tallest is that of Greveno (Γρεβενό) at 2,117 metres (6,946 ft). A total of 22 settlements are located on Mount Oeta: In 1966, Mount Oeta became
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#1732851199501792-443: The endangered Marathon minnow . In Greek mythology , Oeta is chiefly celebrated as the scene of Heracles ' death, and Roman authors even gave the demi-god the epithet Oetaeus . Prepared to die, he ascended Mount Oeta, where he built a funeral pyre , gave his bow and arrows to Philoctetes , and laid himself down on the pile, his head resting on his club, and his lion's skin spread over him, and commanded Philoctetes to apply
828-565: The genus Veronica , and Allium lagarophyllum of the genus Allium . Veronica oetaea is found only at the Livadies plateau and considered critically endangered , while Allium lagarophyllum has been documented in the gorges of the Gorgopotamos and Asopos rivers. The dominant species is fir ( Abies cephalonica ), with fir forests covering over a third of the mountain, between c. 600 metres (2,000 ft) and 1,600 metres (5,200 ft) of altitude. Black pine ( Pinus nigra )
864-399: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oeta&oldid=1224481670 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Mount Oeta Mount Oeta is located on the boundaries of
900-495: The modern methods of tunneling. The aqueduct runs through 15 tunnels for a distance of 71 kilometres (44 mi). Due to modern tunneling machines and laser measurement devices no mountain is beyond the capability of the engineers. The method of transport is still gravity feed , the cheapest and most reliable in case of disaster. There is no need now for arched aerial structures porting water across valleys. Modern conduits go underground through steel and concrete structures far below
936-445: The mountain and is the symbol of the national park. Big predators of the region are brown bears , wolves and wildcats . The alpine newt is one of the amphibians living in the park and is endangered. The park also hosts a great variety of bird species. Woodpecker species are present on Oiti, such as grey–headed woodpecker , the white–backed woodpecker , the black woodpecker and the syrian woodpecker . Other bird species include
972-538: The mountain zones of Greece were thrust upward in folds due to compression caused by the subduction of the African Plate under the Eurasian Plate . The old subduction zone remains as the Hellenic trench . The zones closest to the subduction are the outer Hellenides, where Hellenides is the geologic term for the mountains of Greece. The inner Hellenides are further east. Some compression continues today. However, in
1008-435: The mountains Vardousia to the southwest and Giona to the southeast. On its western slope, Oeta is separated from Mount Goulina by the valley of the river Vistriza (Βίστριζα), ancient Inachos (Ίναχος) and the pass of Liaskovo or Mantetsi (1,200 metres (3,900 ft)). Historically, the name Oeta has been held to include Goulina or Kallidromo or both (cf. Friedrich Stählin , Das hellenische Thessalien , 1924). Oeta has
1044-525: The national park has furthermore been declared a Special Area of Conservation as part of the Natura 2000 Network . The Gorgopotamos Gorge has also been declared a SAC, and together with the national park and the Asopos valley forms the broader "Mount Oeta National Park - Asopos Valley" Special Protected Area. Oeta also has two wildlife refuges, where hunting is forbidden: the Skasmeni Frantzi – Dyo Vouna area on
1080-599: The new Duchy of Neopatras , a vassal of the Duchy of Athens . It was one of the last remaining Catalan possessions in Greece, and fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1394. In the 13th and 14th centuries, the fortress town of Siderokastron was also located on the eastern slopes of Oeta. The Agathonos Monastery , dating at least to the 15th century, lies on the northern slopes of the mountain near Ypati. The area played an important role in
1116-736: The northeastern slopes, and the Oiti–Pavliani area on the southeastern. The national park and protected areas are overseen by the Management Body of Mt Oiti National Park, established as an agency of the Ministry of the Environment in 2002 (Law 3044/2002). Due to unique geomorphology, Oeta has a rich flora, with 1,149 identified plant species, and an estimated presence of c. 1,250 , representing about 20% of all flora of Greece . The mountain hosts two endemic species, Veronica oetaea of
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1152-524: The population of Greece. To create it, a simple earthen embankment was placed across the Mornos River in Central Greece at 38°31′37.1″N 22°07′14.7″E / 38.526972°N 22.120750°E / 38.526972; 22.120750 . Though of earth, the soil is very compact. Monitored by GPS , the dam has a low rate of deformation and is considered one of the more stable in Greece. The fact that
1188-602: The precipice of Anemotrypa near the town was said to be the haunt of the crone Lyousa Armagou. Hypate is still mentioned in the 6th century by the historian Procopius of Caesarea , who recorded repairs to its walls by Emperor Justinian I , and in the Synecdemus . The city may have been abandoned after the Slavic invasions of the 7th century, and reappears in the 10th century under the name Neai Patrai ("New Patras") or Patrai Helladikai ("Patras in [the theme of] Hellas "). Until
1224-408: The sixth of Greece's national parks in accordance with Royal Decree 218/1966. With an area of 7,000 hectares, of which 3,370 form the core zone and 3,630 the periphery, the park covers approximately one fourth of the mountain's area and is the third largest in Greece. Any human activity that impacts the local environment in whatsoever way is forbidden within the national park's boundaries. The area of
1260-462: The torch to the pyre. Another version of the story claims that Zeus threw a lightning bolt on the site of Heracles' death, and that from this place sprung forth the Gorgopotamos river. The remains of a 3rd-century BC Doric temple dedicated to Heracles and his funeral pyre (Πυρὰ Ἡρακλέους), as well as an altar and ruins of adjacent buildings, still survive at the entrance of the Katavothra plateau at
1296-482: The valley. For example, the Mornos aqueduct crosses the Pleistos valley at Delphi, but none of it is observable to the visitor, as it is deep underground. It was thought more practical to place the tunnel below the karst imperfections near the surface, as their irregularities would place variable stresses on the structure, facilitating topical wear and tear and creating ruptures. [REDACTED] Media related to Mornos at Wikimedia Commons This article related to
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