Misplaced Pages

#150849

16-734: Nyangwe is a town on the right bank of the Lualaba River , in the Maniema Province in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (territory of Kasongo ). In the second half of the 19th century, it was an important Swahili – Arab hub for trade goods like ivory, gold, iron and slaves, remaining one of the main slave trading centres until the Congo Arab war . The town was founded as an Arab trading depot around 1860. It subsequently became

32-675: A part of the Sultanate of Utetera , ruled by the Swahili slave trader Tippu Tip and associated with the Sultanate of Zanzibar . David Livingstone was the first European to visit Nyangwe in 1871. According to his notes, the Swahili–Arabs had driven away the original inhabitants of the area, the Wagenya , when establishing their town. As a result, the Wagenya had become distrustful of any foreigners visiting

48-631: Is dammed for hydroelectric power at the Nzilo Dam . At Bukama in Haut-Lomami District the river becomes navigable for about 640 kilometres (400 mi) through a series of marshy lakes in the lower Upemba Depression , including Lake Upemba and Lake Kisale . Ankoro lies on the west bank of the Lualaba River, opposite its confluence with the Luvua River from the east. Some geographers call

64-490: The Democratic Republic of the Congo comprising some fifty lakes, including 22 of relatively large size including Lake Upemba (530 km ) and Lake Kisale (300 km ). In an earlier era, the area was probably occupied by one large lake. The area is covered in marshland and is partially within the Upemba National Park in Haut-Lomami District . The Upemba Depression has been populated almost continuously since

80-626: The Kibara Plateau in Katanga Province of the southeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The largest tributaries of the Lualaba River are: Cities and towns along and near the Lualaba River include: The Lualaba River was once considered a possible source of the Nile , until Henry Morton Stanley journeyed down it and proved that it drained into the Atlantic Ocean . Stanley referred to it as

96-634: The 5th century AD, and is considered the origin of the Kingdom of Luba (1585-1889). Chronology based on more than 55 radiocarbon datings and thermoluminescence shows periods of occupation since the Stone Age . The area includes many archaeological sites, such as the Kisalian Graves , and is on the tentative list for UNESCO World Heritage Site . Roughly translated, the citation for its inclusion as World Heritage Site states: This large depression has delivered

112-610: The Livingstone. "Had not Livingstone spoken of the river at Nyangwe as the Lualaba, I should not have mentioned the word except as a corruption by the Waguha of the Wenya term Lu-al-ow-wa..." French colonial governor Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza also explored the Lualaba. Upemba Depression The Upemba Depression (or Kamalondo Depression ) is a large marshy bowl area ( depression ) in

128-615: The Lualaba River is on the Katanga plateau , at an elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) above sea level. The river flows northward to end near Kisangani , where the name Congo River officially begins. From the Katanga plateau it drops, with waterfalls and rapids marking the descent, to the Manika plateau. As it descends through the upper Upemba Depression (Kamalondo Trough), 457 metres (1,499 ft) in 72 kilometres (45 mi). Near Nzilo Falls it

144-616: The Lualaba was the upper part of the Nile . In 1877 Henry Morton Stanley followed the river downstream from Nyangwe with support of the local ruler, Tippu Tip, and as he arrived in Boma , he had established that it was actually one of the sources of the Congo River . Other European visitors to the town were Verney Lovett Cameron in 1874 and Hermann Wissmann in 1883. 4°13′S 26°11′E  /  4.217°S 26.183°E  / -4.217; 26.183 Lualaba River The source of

160-454: The combined river below this point the "Upper Congo". Below Kongolo , the river becomes unnavigable as it enters the narrow gorge of Portes d'Enfer ( Gates of Hell ). Between Kasongo and Kibombo, the river is navigable for about 100 kilometres (62 mi), before rapids make it unnavigable again between Kibombo and Kindu ( Port-Empain ). From Kindu up to the Boyoma Falls at Ubundu ,

176-420: The context of Livingstone's earlier comments about Kirk and bad behaviour of the hired Banyan men, and omitted the villagers' earlier violent resistance to Arab slavers, thus portraying the villagers as passive victims. The section on the massacre itself had only minor grammatical corrections. When Livingstone visited Nyangwe, it was the last known town for people coming from the east, and Livingstone thought that

SECTION 10

#1732858117151

192-838: The instigation of the Wagenya chieftain Kimburu. The Arabs attacked Kimburu's people as well as anyone they found to be present at the market. Researchers from the Indiana University of Pennsylvania who scanned Livingstone's diary suggest that in putting his fragmentary notes about the massacre into the narrative of his journal, he left out his concerns about some of his followers, slaves owned by Banyan merchants who had been hired by John Kirk , acting British Consul at Zanzibar , and sent to get Livingstone to safety. These slaves had been liberated and added to his party, but had shown violent conduct against local people contrary to his instructions, and he feared they might have been involved in starting

208-455: The largest known cemetery in sub-Saharan Africa. Over 40 archaeological sites have been identified, but only six have been partially excavated so far. Their study allows tracing the complete sequence of the occupation of the region over two millennia, and thus reconstructing the history of a major ethnic group of Central Africa: the Luba. This Democratic Republic of the Congo location article

224-511: The massacre. His diary notes "Dugumbe's men murdering Kimburu and another for slaves" and implied that the slave Manilla played a leading part, but looking back at the events, he says Dugumbe's people bore responsibility and started it to make an example of Manilla. In the diary he described his sending his men with protection of a flag to assist Manilla's brother, in his journal version it was to assist villagers. The edited version published posthumously in Livingstone's Last Journals in 1874 left out

240-458: The region. On 15 July 1871, Livingstone witnessed around 400 to 500 Africans being massacred by Arab slavers at the Nyangwe market on the banks of the Lualaba, while he was watching next to the leading Arab trader Dugumbe who had given him assistance. As he recorded in his field diary, the attack was an act of retaliation for actions of Manilla, a head slave who had sacked villages of Mohombo people at

256-489: The stream is navigable again for more than 300 kilometres. The Boyoma Falls or Stanley Falls are made up of seven cataracts, over a stretch of 100 kilometres (62 mi) of the river, between Ubundu and Kisangani. The river's end is marked after the seventh cataract, near Kisangani , where it becomes the Congo River. The Lualaba River serves as the northern and western boundary of Upemba National Park , protecting habitats on

#150849