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16-461: The Nuremberg Metropolitan Region encloses geographically the administrative region of Middle Franconia , whole Upper Franconia , two territorial authorities of Lower Franconia and about half of the Upper Palatinate . The region includes the cities Ansbach , Amberg , Bamberg , Bayreuth , Coburg , Erlangen , Fürth , Hof , Nuremberg , Schwabach and Weiden in der Oberpfalz as well as

32-456: A covered way and a moat. Behind that, and scarcely higher than the glacis, rose the main rampart . This was designed to be difficult to shell because the wall was protected by the glacis. The site of the fortress on a hill ridge resembled that of medieval castles, that were often built on high points that were very difficult to access. In this case, the hillside thus protected the fortress to the south, east and west from being stormed, but not from

48-458: Is a fortress on the eponymous hill, 588 m, near Schnaittach in the Franconian Jura . The first fortifications were probably built between 1300 and 1330 by Dietrich von Wildenstein . He sold it in 1360 to the emperor and Bohemian king, Charles IV , who had the fort upgraded into a border castle in order to protect his Bohemian allodial estate. In 1478, Count Palatine Otto II set

64-428: Is one of the three administrative regions of Franconia , Germany , in the west of Bavaria bordering the state of Baden-Württemberg . The administrative seat is Ansbach ; the most populous and largest city is Nuremberg . The region is divided into seven districts ('Landkreise') and five independent cities ('Kreisfreie Städte'). The lowest level is divided into 210 municipalities (including five cities). After

80-524: The Bavarian Army as a border fortress. It continued to be used, however, as a fortress prison . In 1838 the Bavarian Minister of War sold the entire inventory, including doors, beams and everything that could be removed. The fortress was abandoned and fell into ruins. It was used as a quarry for the construction of Nuremberg Central Station . In 1876 explosive demolition testing was carried out on

96-458: The Nuremberg area. The community of co-vassals had the characteristics of a type of union called an Einung . At the time of Silvester von Schaumberg , the castle was a "wasp's nest" with which even princes feared to fall out. The community of co-heirs nominated a burgrave . In 1703, the free imperial city of Nürnberg melted a golden ducat commemorating the conquest of Rothenberg Castle. In

112-570: The Palatinate ), the number of Kreise was reduced to eight. One of these was the Rezatkreis (Rezat District). In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the district name of Rezatkreis changed to Middle Franconia. Next to the major city Nuremberg , the capital Ansbach and

128-619: The Schneckenbrunnen well, built in 1759–67, in the counterguard outside the fortress. Built to counter the imperial city of Nuremberg only 25 kilometres away, the fortress was intended to guard the Bavarian border and the Electoral Bavarian enclave near Schnaittach from the city. In 1806 Napoleon annexed Franconia to the Kingdom of Bavaria and Rothenberg then became superfluous to

144-649: The rural districts of Amberg-Sulzbach , Ansbach , Bamberg , Bayreuth , Coburg , Erlangen-Höchstadt , Forchheim , Fürth , Haßberge , Hof , Kitzingen , Kronach , Kulmbach , Lichtenfels , Neumarkt , Neustadt (Aisch)-Bad Windsheim , Neustadt an der Waldnaab , Nürnberger Land , Roth , Sonneberg , Tirschenreuth , Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen and Wunsiedel . In the metropolitan region of Nuremberg are several universities and Fachhochschulen (Universities of Applied Sciences). Some examples: Middle Franconia Middle Franconia ( German : Mittelfranken , pronounced [ˈmɪtl̩ˌfʁaŋkŋ̍] )

160-485: The 18th century an important Rococo fortress, based on a French prototype, was built on the site by the Elector of Bavaria and German Emperor, Charles VII . Construction lasted from about 1729 to 1750. Two bastions were named after him and his wife, Maria Amalia . From time to time up to 400 soldiers were garrisoned here. It was built on an older and smaller fortification that was slighted , which in turn had been built on

176-730: The German Imperial Eagle, see Reichsadler The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 78.6 billion € in 2018, accounting for 2.4% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 40,900 € or 136% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 105% of the EU average. Other Franconian Districts: Political party that is in Franconia: Rothenberg Fortress Rothenberg Fortress ( German : Festung Rothenberg )

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192-469: The condition for Rothenberg Castle to become a joint-fief or Ganerbenburg . 44 co-vassals who, together with the town of Rothenberg and market town of Schnaittach, acquired the castle as a so-called mesne fief or Afterlehen , were given relatively little property and few rights, but the community of co-vassals formed a strong alliance to which other members of noble families in the area could be attached. The castle also had several rights of patronage in

208-526: The former residence city Erlangen , the towns of the Romantic Road Rothenburg ob der Tauber and Dinkelsbühl belong to the major tourist attractions. The Lichtenau Fortress , Rothenberg Fortress , Hohenstein and Cadolzburg belong to the most important castles of Middle Franconia. The Franconian Jura and the northern valley of the River Altmühl are among the scenic attractions. For

224-560: The founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative government regions (German: Regierungsbezirke (singular Regierungsbezirk )), in Bavaria called Kreise (singular: Kreis). They were created in the fashion of the French departements, quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers. In the following years, due to territorial changes (e. g. loss of Tyrol , addition of

240-425: The powerful siege guns of that time. The fortress was built entirely of brickwork. This was sixteen metres high on all sides and had vaulting on the inside, ten metres high. There were two, two-storey barrack buildings inside the fortress, an armoury , the garrison headquarters and a church. The garrison lived in the fortress with their families. Protected water supplies came from a fortress well and, later, by

256-413: The remains of an even older ruined castle. The site was built to geometric principles. Because they wanted to avoid blind spots, bastions were built to a star-shaped design. The overall plan was a polygon with a bastioned tower at each corner. The crest of the embankment was kept low in order to minimise the target area. The outer defences on the north side began with a gently rising glacis , followed by

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