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23-986: The Northwest Branch Trail is a 21-mile (34 km) multi-use (hiking, biking, equestrian) trail that follows the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River in the Maryland suburbs of Washington DC . It is part of the Rachel Carson Greenway and the Anacostia Tributary Trail System . It runs between the Layhill neighborhood of Silver Spring and Bladensburg in Montgomery and Prince George's County , Maryland, USA. The trail starts in Bladensburg , Prince George's County, Maryland, and runs north following

46-597: A tripoint . Various examples are found in the list below. A number of major cities, such as Chongqing , St. Louis , and Khartoum , arose at confluences; further examples appear in the list. Within a city, a confluence often forms a visually prominent point, so that confluences are sometimes chosen as the site of prominent public buildings or monuments, as in Koblenz , Lyon , and Winnipeg . Cities also often build parks at confluences, sometimes as projects of municipal improvement, as at Portland and Pittsburgh . In other cases,

69-414: A confluence can be divided into six distinct features which are commonly called confluence flow zones (CFZ). These include The broader field of engineering encompasses a vast assortment of subjects which concern confluences. In hydraulic civil engineering , where two or more underground culverted / artificially buried watercourses intersect, great attention should be paid to the hydrodynamic aspects of

92-619: A confluence is an industrial site, as in Philadelphia or Mannheim . Often a confluence lies in the shared floodplain of the two rivers and nothing is built on it, for example at Manaus , described below. One other way that confluences may be exploited by humans is as sacred places in religions . Rogers suggests that for the ancient peoples of the Iron Age in northwest Europe, watery locations were often sacred, especially sources and confluences. Pre-Christian Slavic peoples chose confluences as

115-482: A corresponding shift in habitat characteristics." Another science relevant to the study of confluences is chemistry , because sometimes the mixing of the waters of two streams triggers a chemical reaction, particularly in a polluted stream. The United States Geological Survey gives an example: "chemical changes occur when a stream contaminated with acid mine drainage combines with a stream with near-neutral pH water; these reactions happen very rapidly and influence

138-711: A small portion of land in Washington, D.C. , is 53.5 square miles (139 km ), with a resident population of about 254,000. The middle section of the Northwest Branch is referred to as the Rachel Carson Environmental Area . It flows through a small gorge underneath the Capital Beltway between Colesville Road and Adelphi Mill . Located at the north end of the Northwest Branch Trail , near

161-632: Is a 21.5-mile-long (34.6 km) free-flowing stream in Montgomery County and Prince George's County , Maryland . It is a tributary of the Anacostia River , which flows to the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay . The headwaters of the Northwest Branch are located near the community of Sandy Spring . The stream flows southward for 21.5 miles (34.6 km) to its confluence with

184-452: Is the most beautiful place around here. Mother scrambled among the cliffs in her riding habit, very pretty and most interesting. The roads were good and some of the scenery really beautiful. We were gone four hours, half an hour being occupied scrambling in the gorge. The Northwest Branch Trail Corridor was officially renamed as the Rachel Carson Greenway in 2004. Northwest Branch Anacostia River Northwest Branch Anacostia River

207-735: Is used to describe the meeting of tidal or other non-riverine bodies of water, such as two canals or a canal and a lake. A one-mile (1.6 km) portion of the Industrial Canal in New Orleans accommodates the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal ; therefore those three waterways are confluent there. The term confluence can also apply to the process of merging or flowing together of other substance. For example, it may refer to

230-564: The Anacostia Tributary Trail System in Prince George's County. Northwest Branch crosses the geological fall line between the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain regions, which forms a small waterfall on the stream 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south of the Burnt Mills Dam parks. This area was a favorite spot of Theodore Roosevelt . Several species of native anadromous fish spawn in

253-699: The Northeast Branch near Bladensburg to form the main stem of the Anacostia. The watershed in Montgomery County includes portions of the communities of Norwood, Bel Pre Manor, Colesville , Layhill, Glenmont , Wheaton , Hillandale , White Oak , Silver Spring , Kemp Mill , Four Corners, Woodmoor and Takoma Park . The Prince George's County portion of the watershed includes Adelphi , Langley Park , University Park , Chillum , Hyattsville , Avondale and Brentwood . The total watershed area, including

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276-707: The Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River , ending in the Layhill neighborhood of Montgomery County, Maryland. It connects with a number of other trails including the Sligo Creek Trail in Carole Highlands . The lower third of the trail, which is paved, runs 6 miles (9.7 km) from Bladensburg to the Prince George's-Montgomery county line in Adelphi near New Hampshire Avenue and Piney Branch Road, then continues approximately 1.26 miles into Montgomery County. The paved trail then terminates around trail mile 7.26, at

299-491: The river mouth . Confluences are studied in a variety of sciences. Hydrology studies the characteristic flow patterns of confluences and how they give rise to patterns of erosion, bars, and scour pools. The water flows and their consequences are often studied with mathematical models . Confluences are relevant to the distribution of living organisms (i.e., ecology ) as well; "the general pattern [downstream of confluences] of increasing stream flow and decreasing slopes drives

322-401: The "Torrent and Gorge", section is the geological fall line between the Piedmont and Atlantic coastal plain regions, which forms a small waterfall . Mother and I had a most lovely ride the other day, way up beyond Sligo Creek to what is called North-west Branch , at Burnt Mills, where is a beautiful gorge, deep and narrow, with great boulders and even cliffs. Excepting Great Falls it

345-586: The Burnt Mills Dam trailhead on Colesville Road and Kemp Mill Road near Wheaton Regional Park the trail runs along the west side of the Northwest Branch creek. This is a natural multi-use surface trail. On the east side of the creek is the Rachel Carson Greenway trail, a hiker-only trail. Theodore Roosevelt considered the portion of the trail 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south of the Burnt Mills Dam parks one of his favorite places. The rocky area known as

368-423: The Northwest Branch watershed, including alewife ( Alosa pseudoharengus ) and blueback herring ( Alosa aestivalis ). The total stream channel length of Northwest Branch and all tributaries is 75 miles (121 km). Confluence In geography , a confluence (also: conflux ) occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel . A confluence can occur in several configurations: at

391-587: The form of structural bracing. The velocities and hydraulic efficiencies should be meticulously calculated and can be altered by integrating different combinations of geometries, components such a gradients, cascades and an adequate junction angle which is sympathetic to the direction of the watercourse’s flow to minimise turbulent flow, maximise evacuation velocity and to ultimately maximise hydraulic efficiency. Since rivers often serve as political boundaries, confluences sometimes demarcate three abutting political entities, such as nations, states, or provinces, forming

414-516: The home of noted environmental author Rachel Carson , it is deliberately left rustic and unimproved. The majority of the Northwest Branch stream valley is a riparian buffer , protected as parkland by the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission (M-NCPPC). The Rachel Carson Greenway planned by M-NCPPC will extend the Northwest Branch Trail into northern Montgomery County as an unimproved hiking trail, connecting to

437-533: The point where a tributary joins a larger river ( main stem ); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, forming the Ohio River ); or where two separated channels of a river (forming a river island ) rejoin at the downstream end. The point of confluence where the channel flows into a larger body of water may be called

460-448: The sites for fortified triangular temples, where they practiced human sacrifice and other sacred rites. In Hinduism , the confluence of two sacred rivers often is a pilgrimage site for ritual bathing. In Pittsburgh, a number of adherents to Mayanism consider their city's confluence to be sacred. Mississippi basin Atlantic watersheds Pacific watersheds Occasionally, "confluence"

483-524: The southern terminus of the Rachel Carson Greenway and the Capital Beltway. Once the trail crosses the county line it runs to the Burnt Mills Dam . The dam is the site of the former Camp Woodrow Wilson , the two Georgian Revival pump houses of the Robert B. Morse Filtration Plant , and is now the Burnt Mills Dam parks (East and West). From the dam the trail proceeds north to Wheaton Regional Park . Between

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506-613: The subsequent transport of metals downstream of the mixing zone." A natural phenomenon at confluences that is obvious even to casual observers is a difference in color between the two streams; see images in this article for several examples. According to Lynch, "the color of each river is determined by many things: type and amount of vegetation in the watershed, geological properties, dissolved chemicals, sediments and biologic content – usually algae ." Lynch also notes that color differences can persist for miles downstream before they finally blend completely. Hydrodynamic behaviour of flow in

529-401: The system to ensure the longevity and efficiency of the structure. Engineers have to design these systems whilst considering a list of factors that ensure the discharge point is structurally stable as the entrance of the lateral culvert into the main structure may compromise the stability of the structure due to the lack of support at the discharge, this often constitutes additional supports in

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