Northern Khmer people ( Khmer : ជនជាតិខ្មែរខាងជើង ; Thai : เขมรเหนือ ) or colloquially as Thais of Khmer origin ( Thai : ชาวไทยเชื้อสายเขมร ); mostly referred to as Khmer Surin (Khmer: ខ្មែរសុរិន្ទ Thai: เขมรสุรินทร์) is the designation used to refer to ethnic Khmers native to the Isan region of Northeast Thailand.
17-506: Northern Khmer may refer to: Northern Khmer people , ethnic Khmer inhabiting the Surin, Sisaket and Buriram Provinces of Thailand, as well as part of Nakhon Ratchasima Province Northern Khmer dialect Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Northern Khmer . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
34-658: A result, the Chinese in Thailand have "almost totally lost the language of their ancestors" and are gradually losing their Chinese identity. A third set of policies was designed to encourage Thai nationalism in the nation's peoples such as the promotion of the king as a national figurehead and saluting the flag in school and the twice-daily broadcasts of the national anthem ( Thai : เพลงชาติ ; RTGS : phleng chat ) on radio and television at 08:00 and 18:00 as well as in public spaces. Encouraging Thai nationalism had
51-475: A two-fold increase in the use of Northern Khmer since 1958. However, usage of Khmer has subsequently declined. In the past two decades, there has been state-directed revitalization of 'local' cultures in Thailand, including of Khmer culture, which has been challenged for adopting a state narrative and insufficiently empowering the Northern Khmer themselves. Kantrum ( Thai : กันตรึม , Khmer : កន្រ្ទឹម )
68-573: Is a popular musical genre in the Southern part of Isan that originated within the Khmer community. The musical accompaniment is similar to that of Cambodian music, includinc both drums and fiddles. The lyrics are sung in Khmer . Popular songs include สาวกันตรึม (‘Kontrum Girl’), รักสาวสะเราะแอง (‘In love with a girl of my country’), รักบ่าวอีสานใต้ (‘In love with a Southern Isan boy’), and คืนลับฟ้า (‘The night sets in
85-572: Is the prescribed use of Central Thai language in schools. This had little or no effect on the central Thais, or the Siamese people, who already used the language as a native but made bilinguals of speakers of Isan in the northeast, of Northern Thai ( คำเมือง ) in the north and of Pattani Malay ( ยาวี ) in the south. Harsher methods were imposed on the Thai Chinese. After the People's Republic of China
102-526: Is the process by which people of different cultural and ethnic origins living in Thailand become assimilated to the country's dominant culture:, that of central Thailand . Thaification was a step in the creation in the 20th century of the Thai nation state in which Central Thai people occupy a dominant position, as opposed to the historically-multicultural kingdom of Siam . A related term, " Thainess ", describes
119-492: The Central Thai culture. Minority-owned businesses, like the traditionally-merchant Thai Chinese were aggressively acquired by the state, which gave preferential contracts to ethnic Central Thais and cooperative ethnic Chinese. Thai identity was mandated via 12 Thai cultural mandates and reinforced in the heartlands and in rural areas. Central Thailand became economically and politically dominant, and Central Thai, unlike
136-528: The Khmer form of Theravada Buddhism and speaking a dialect known as Khmê in Khmer and Northern Khmer in English. Few Northern Khmers are able to read or write their native language, since teaching in public schools is exclusively in Thai. The Thai language instruction has resulted in many of the younger generation being more comfortable using Thai as a medium of communication. In 1998, Smalley reported renewed interest in Khmer language and culture had resulted in
153-511: The Surin Khmer. Also, the occasional hostilities between Thailand and Cambodia have made their relations sometimes difficult. A 2016 study revealed genetic distinctiveness between samples taken from two geographically close Northern Khmer population clusters as well as with an ethnolinguistically related group, the Cambodian Khmer. Thaification Thaification , or Thai-ization ,
170-550: The edges of the kingdom, geographically and culturally: the Lao of Isan (อีสาน), the hill tribes of western and northern Thailand , and also Thais who speak the Southern Thai language . There has also been a Thaification of the immigrant Indian and Vietnamese populations. Thaification also targeted the ethnic Malay but was perhaps least successful. Thaification by the government can be separated into three sets of policies: In
187-578: The first set of policies, the government targeted specific policies and actions at fringe groups. An example of this is the Accelerated Rural Development Programme of 1964, the Isan component of which included the strengthening of allegiance to Bangkok and the rest of the country as one of its objectives. The second set of policies consists of policies applied nationally, but that disproportionately affect fringe groups. One example of this
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#1732848208706204-431: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern_Khmer&oldid=877827436 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Northern Khmer people Khmers have had a presence in this area since at least
221-546: The multilingual Siam, became the state-mandated language of the media , business, education and all state agencies. Central Thai values were successfully inculcated into being perceived as the desirable national values, with increasing proportions of the population identifying as Thai. Central Thai culture, being the culture of wealth and status, made it hugely attractive to a once-diverse population that sought to be identified with nationalist unity. The main targets of Thaification were ethnic Chinese and other ethnic groups on
238-465: The particular characteristics that distinguish the Thai from others. Thaification is a byproduct of the nationalist policies mandated by the Thai state after the Siamese coup d'état of 1933 . The coup leaders, said to be inspired by Western ideas of an exclusive nation state , acted more in accordance with their close German nationalist and anti-democratic counterparts to effect kingdom-wide dominance by
255-561: The sky’). An annual festival is celebrated each year in front of Prasat Phanom Rung temple to celebrate the 1000-year-old Khmer heritage of the region. During the festivities, Apsara dancers are parading in front of the temple. Although it is not anywhere near the scale of the protests of the Khmer Krom in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, some Northern Khmers living in the Isan region have demanded more rights and oppose Thaification of
272-669: The time of the Khmer Empire . With the fall of the Angkor, the Khmers of the Isan region were subject to increasing Thai influence. In the 18th century, the Thai kingdom officially annexed the former Cambodian province of Surin . The Khmer residents became de facto subjects of the Thai monarchy and a long process of gradual cultural assimilation began. Although now a minority, the Northern Khmer have maintained some of their Khmer identity, practicing
289-443: Was founded in 1949, a series of anticommunist Thai military juntas, starting with that of right-wing dictator Plaek Phibunsongkhram , sharply reduced Chinese immigration and prohibited Chinese schools in Thailand. Thai Chinese born after the 1950s had "very limited opportunities to enter Chinese schools". Those Thai Chinese who could afford to study overseas studied English , instead of Mandarin Chinese for economic reasons. As
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