56-510: The Zhob Militia is a paramilitary regiment of the Frontier Corps , a Civil Armed Force based in Baluchistan and are one of the oldest paramilitary forces in the region. The militia is under the control of the Frontier Corps and is commanded by officers seconded from Pakistan Army . They were raised by Cavalry officer William Raikes-Hodson in 1852 to be an infantry scouting adjunct to
112-608: A Rs. 10/- coin was introduced into circulation. In 2019 the Pakistan government introduced a commemorative Rs. 50/- coin to celebrate the 550th birthday of Guru Nanak and in tribute of opening of new Gurdwara of Kartarpur , Pakistan. On 1 April 1948, provisional notes were issued by the Reserve Bank of India and the Government of India on behalf of the Government of Pakistan , for use exclusively within Pakistan, without
168-519: A budget of Rs. 105 billion , the task of the Frontier Corps is to help local law enforcement, and to carry out border patrol, counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism and anti-smuggling operations. Each Corps consists of several regiments, themselves composed of one or more battalion -sized wings. Some of the regiments were raised during the colonial era . These include the Chitral Scouts ,
224-458: A commemorative Rs. 75 banknote to celebrate the central bank's 75th anniversary. The Rs75 commemorative note is equipped with security features as with the other currency notes. These include the Urdu numeral '75' which appears complete when the note is held in the light, Pure Image security thread with pulsing holographic rainbow effect and micro-lettering of 'SBP' and '75', among others. Moreover,
280-451: A few Rs. 2/- notes were issued. Rs. 50/- notes were added in 1957, with Rs. 2/- notes reintroduced in 1985. In 1986, Rs. 500/- notes were introduced, followed by Rs. 1,000/- the next year. Rs. 2/- and Rs. 5/- notes were replaced by coins in 1998 and 2002. Rs. 20/- notes were added in 2005, followed by Rs. 5,000/- in 2006. Until 1971, Pakistan banknotes were bilingual, featuring Bengali translation of
336-901: A group of four paramilitary forces of Pakistan , operating in the provinces of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , to maintain law and order while overseeing the country's borders with Afghanistan and Iran . There are four Frontier Corps: FC KPK (North) and FC KPK (South) stationed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (formed from the previously named North-West Frontier Province and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas ), and FC Balochistan (North) and FC Balochistan (South) stationed in Balochistan province. The Frontier Corps are often confused with Frontier Constabulary as both forces are abbreviated as ''FC''. Frontier Corps are group of four paramilitary forces officered by
392-455: A higher-security printing technique. Regular government issues commenced in 1948 in denominations of Re. 1/-, Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/- and Rs. 100/-. The government continued to issue Re. 1 notes until the 1980s but another note-issuing was taken over by the State Bank of Pakistan in 1953 when Rs. 2/-, Rs. 5/-, Rs. 10/- and Rs. 100/- notes were issued. Only
448-422: A number of training and support units. See the daughter articles for listings of regiments. There were a total of 70,000 active personnel as of 2017 and additional wings have been raised to meet the security challenges. Frontier Corps units are locally recruited and are officered by Pakistani Army officers. In January 2022 during a press briefing Pakistan military spokesperson General Babar Iftikhar said, as
504-536: A part of Pakistan's Western border management, 67 new wings have been established for the FC Balochistan and FC Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to strengthen border security and formation of the six more wings is in process. After independence in 1947, the Inspectors-General were as follows: For subsequent inspectors general, see the daughter articles. Pakistani rupee The Pakistani rupee ( ISO code : PKR )
560-459: A year unrestricted aid recently announced will go a long way in seeing that the Frontier Corps stay at the height of their professional abilities due to new equipment and training. The Corps has also fired occasionally on the U.S.-assisted Afghan Army . During times of difficulties, the government occasionally gives the FC the power to arrest and detain suspects such as in late 2012 and early 2013 when
616-806: Is a crescent and star. Different types of security threads are also present in each banknote. The State Bank has started a new series of banknotes, phasing out the older designs for new, more secure ones. Pakistan put foreign exchange controls in place in 1949, restricting the export and import of currency except for when needed for Hajj in Saudi Arabia . This created an opportunity for smuggling, leading Pakistan to issue special Hajj notes for use by pilgrims. These were differentiated by an overprint in English "For pilgrims from Pakistan for use in Saudi Arabia and Iraq". Although other means of exchange were considered,
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#1732851961287672-446: Is an act of worship." which is حصول رزق حلال عبادت ہے (Hasool-e-Rizq-e-Halal Ibaadat hai). The banknotes vary in size and colour, with larger denominations being longer than smaller ones. All contain multiple colours. However, each denomination does have one colour which predominates. All banknotes feature a watermark for security purposes. On the larger denomination notes, the watermark is a picture of Jinnah, while on smaller notes, it
728-489: Is derived from the Sanskrit word rūpya , which means "wrought silver, a coin of silver", in origin an adjective meaning "shapely", with a more specific meaning of "stamped, impressed", whence "coin". It is derived from the noun rūpa "shape, likeness, image". Rūpaya was used to denote the coin introduced by Sher Shah Suri during his reign from 1540 to 1545 CE . The Pakistan (Monetary System and Reserve Bank) Order, 1947
784-741: Is headed by a Brigadier with a Lt. Col commanding each wing All Battalions are equipped along Light Infantry/Rifles lines with minimum heavy support weapons. Unlike other Infantry Battalions of the Pakistan Army, Zhob Militia does not have a Support Company having heavy weapons like Anti Tank Missiles and 120 mm Mortars . All Rifle Companies are equipped with the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle and MG3 machine gun only, with Support Platoons in each Company armed with 81 mm Mortars and Target-Locating Radars. Frontier Corps The Frontier Corps ( Urdu : سرحد واہنی , reporting name : FC ) are
840-425: Is largely attributed to political instability, devastating flooding, and a debt crisis. The Pakistani rupee gained value from the end of September until mid-October 2023, when Pakistan's Federal Investigation Agency embarked on a country-wide raid on exchange companies involved in illegal dollar transactions, which involved the buying and selling of dollars through informal channels without documentation. Since then,
896-883: Is the official currency in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan . The issuance of the currency is controlled by the State Bank of Pakistan . It was officially adopted by the Government of Pakistan in 1949. Earlier the coins and notes were issued and controlled by the Reserve Bank of India until 1949, when it was handed over to the Government and State Bank of Pakistan, by the Government and Reserve Bank of India. In Pakistani English , large values of rupees are counted in thousands; lakh (hundred thousands); crore (ten-millions); arab (billion); kharab (hundred billion). Numbers are still grouped in thousands ( 123,456,789 rather than 12,34,56,789 as written in India) The word rūpiya
952-591: The Corps of Guides and Hodson's Horse . They were raised entirely from Pashtun and Baluch tribesmen as well as Persian-speaking Afghans. Between 1917 and 1920 they acted as a Mounted infantry regiment under the command of British officers. They fought against Amānullāh Khān forces during the Third Anglo-Afghan War . The enlisted men and sepoys are mostly recruited from the Tareen , Kakar and Abdali tribes native to
1008-621: The Indian rupee , it was originally divided into 16 annas , each of 4 pice or 12 pie . For the first seven months following partition, currency issued by the RBI and the Government of India continued to circulate in Pakistan. Modified RBI notes in denominations of 2, 5, 10, and 100 rupees, and 1-rupee notes from the Government of India were later introduced. The modifications involved inscribing Government of Pakistan in English and "Hakumat-e-Pakistan" in Urdu on
1064-520: The Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and its tribal areas , foreign direct investment began to fall, and the structural problems of the balance of payment were exposed; foreign exchange reserves fell disastrously to as low as US$ 2 billion. The rupee continued to slowly decline until the start of 2018 when it began to rapidly devalue. The crash worsened midway through 2021, with the Pakistani rupee losing almost half its value between May 2021 and May 2023. This
1120-800: The Khyber Rifles , the Kurram Militia , the Tochi Scouts, the South Waziristan Scouts, and the Zhob Militia . The Khyber Rifles were in fact regularised during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 and fought with distinction in Kashmir. The Frontier Corps was created in 1907 by Lord Curzon , the viceroy of British India , in order to organize seven militia and scout units in the tribal areas along
1176-583: The Northern Light Infantry , which is now a full infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army. In the mid-1970s, the Pakistani government used FC Balochistan to counter the terrorists in Balochistan, and the force is unpopular among some of the local population who associate them with and heavy-handed operations. To improve the image of the corps, it has been involved in the construction of schools and hospitals, although as of late 2004, corps installations in
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#17328519612871232-569: The Pakistan Army . On the other hand, Frontier Constabulary is a unified force officered by the Police Service of Pakistan . Each Corps is headed by a seconded inspector general , who is a Pakistan Army officer of at least major-general rank, although the force itself is officially under the jurisdiction of the Interior Ministry . With a total manpower of approximately 70,000, and
1288-493: The Prime Minister of Pakistan granted the FC policing powers. These temporary powers can also be extended on the orders or consent of the provincial government or federal government or both. The senior command posts are filled by officers seconded from the Pakistan Army for two to three years. The four Corps are divided into forty two regiments, most of which are composed of a number of battalion -sized "wings" together with
1344-425: The State Bank of Pakistan . On 14 August 2022, State Bank of Pakistan released the design of the commemorative 75 Rupees note marking the 75th anniversary of Independence day of Pakistan . The note was signed by the former governor of State Bank of Pakistan Raza Baqir and was made available to the public from September 30 2022. On July 4th 2023, State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) Governor Jameel Ahmad introduced
1400-543: The Badshahi Masjid but many do not. The Re. 1/- and Rs. 2/- coins were changed to aluminium in 2007. Paisa-denominated coins ceased to be legal tender in 2013, leaving the Re. 1/- coin as the minimum legal tender. On 15 October 2015, the Pakistan government introduced a revised Rs. 5/- coin with a reduced size and weight and having a golden colour, made from a composition of copper-nickel-zinc, and also in 2016
1456-566: The British versions. This new design was circulated on 31 January 1953. On 14 December 1963, the State Bank of Pakistan started operating its printing press, eventually taking over all national banknote production. Later, the 1-rupee note was modified to include a purple back with pink and blue under-print, similar to the De La Rue design. Variations of the 1-rupee note are identified by differences in
1512-1049: The Frontier Corps up to the early 1950s. The corps was split into two major subdivisions with FC Balochistan incorporating the Zhob Militia, the Sibi Scouts, the Kalat Scouts, the Makran Militia, the Kharan Rifles, the Pishin Scouts, the Chaghai Militia and the First Mahsud Scouts. In 1975 three units, the Gilgit Scouts , the Karakoram Scouts and the Northern Scouts, were merged to form a new paramilitary force called
1568-632: The Pakistani Government (with a 60% stake), started with a capital of 7.5 million rupees. The foundation for the facility was laid in Karachi by the Governor General of Pakistan on 11 March 1949. In selecting a printing method, the PSPC chose the intaglio process over the lithographic method due to concerns about counterfeiting and regional security issues with India. This decision reflected a preference for
1624-468: The Pakistani government intended to expand the corps to 100,000 and use it more in fighting Islamist militants, particularly Al-Qaeda, after extensive consultations with the U.S. government, with a multi-year plan to bolster the effort, including the establishment of a counterinsurgency training centre. The US Obama policy for Pakistan was seen as a clear victory for the Pakistan Army lobby in the US. The $ 1.5 billion
1680-511: The Pakistani rupee has been fiat money . Before the collapse of Bretton Woods system , the currency was pegged at a fixed exchange rate to the United States dollar for international trade, with the dollar convertible to gold for foreign governments only. The rupee was pegged to British Pound until 1982 when the government of General Zia-ul-Haq changed to a managed float . As a result, the rupee devalued by 38.5% between 1982–83 and 1987–88 and
1736-594: The Rs. 75 commemorative note is fully valid for transactions. He explained that the SBP issues all currency under Section 25 of its Act, and the Rs. 75 note has no expiration date. Qamar also dismissed rumors that the government had withdrawn or discontinued the banknote. The commemorative note issued in 2022 for Pakistan’s 75th independence anniversary featured Quaid-e-Azam, Fatima Jinnah, Allama Iqbal, and Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. This selection stirred some debate, as certain individuals felt
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1792-605: The Senate committee, including Mohsin Aziz, who argued that the high-denomination note facilitates corruption. All banknotes other than the Re. 1/- and Rs. 2/- feature a portrait of Muhammad Ali Jinnah on the obverse along with writing in Urdu . The reverses of the banknotes vary in design and have English text. The only Urdu text found on the reverse is the Urdu translation of the Prophetic Hadith, "Seeking an honest livelihood
1848-540: The United Kingdom's Thomas De La Rue and Company, along with Bradbury Wilkinson and Company, manufactured various denominations for Pakistan. After independence, the Pakistani government established a national security printing facility in 1949, named the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation (PSPC). This venture, a partnership between Thomas De La Rue & Co. Ltd. (holding a 40% stake) and
1904-414: The Urdu text (where the currency was renamed taka ), since Bengali was the state language of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh ). The PSPC began issuing its own 1- and 5-rupee notes in the fiscal year 1952-53. These notes resembled those previously produced by Thomas de la Rue & Company, but the 1-rupee note featured a notable change: a blue back without under-print, different from the purple back of
1960-451: The best potential military units against the Islamist militants because its troops are locally recruited, know local languages and understand local cultures. The United States provided more than US$ 7 billion in military aid to Pakistan from 2002 to 2007, most of which was used to equip the Frontier Corps because it is in the front line of the fight against the Islamist insurgents. From late 2007,
2016-533: The border with Afghanistan: the Khyber Rifles , the Zhob Militia , the Kurram Militia, the Tochi Scouts, the Chagai Militia , the South Waziristan Scouts and the Chitral Scouts . The Frontier Corps was led by an "inspecting officer" who was a British officer of the rank of lieutenant colonel . In 1943 the inspecting officer was upgraded to an inspector general (an officer with the rank of brigadier ), and
2072-717: The corps was expanded with the addition of new units—the Second Mahsud Scouts (raised in 1944) and the Pishin Scouts (in 1946). After Pakistan gained independence in 1947, Pakistan expanded the corps further by creating a number of new units, including the Thal Scouts, the Northern Scouts, the Bajaur Scouts , the Karakoram Scouts, the Kalat Scouts, the Dir Scouts and the Kohistan Scouts. British officers continued to serve in
2128-510: The cost of importing raw materials increased rapidly, causing pressure on Pakistani finances and damaging much of the industrial base. The Pakistani rupee depreciated against the United States dollar until the turn of the century when Pakistan's large current account surplus pushed the value of the rupee up against the dollar. The State Bank of Pakistan then stabilized the exchange rate by lowering interest rates and buying dollars, to preserve
2184-414: The country's export competitiveness. 2008 was termed a disastrous year for the rupee after the elections: between December 2007 and August 2008, it lost 23% of its value, falling to a record low of Rs.79/ 20 against the US dollar. The major reasons for this depreciation were huge current and trade accounts deficits that had built up since the credit boom in Pakistan after 2002. Due to rising militancy in
2240-738: The currency was decimalised, with the rupee subdivided into 100 pice, renamed (in English) paise (singular paisa ) later the same year. However, coins denominated in paise have not been issued since 1994. In 1972, the newly independent Bangladesh introduced the taka originally at parity with the Pakistani rupee. Afterwards, the Pakistani rupee ceased to be legal tender in Bangladesh. In 1948, coins were introduced in denominations of 1 pice, 1 ⁄ 2 , 1 and 2 annas, 1 ⁄ 4 , 1 ⁄ 2 and 1 rupee. 1 pie coins were added in 1951. In 1961, coins for 1, 5 and 10 pice were issued, followed later
2296-441: The front of the notes. An early 1948 agreement between the governments of India and Pakistan resulted in an amendment to the Pakistan (Monetary System and Reserve Bank) Order, 1947, moving up the deadline for the RBI's role as Pakistan's monetary authority from 30 September 1948, to 30 June 1948. Concurrently, the arrangement for the RBI to supply inscribed Indian notes to Pakistan was terminated on 30 June 1948. In January 1961,
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2352-661: The high level of illiteracy amongst the Pakistani pilgrims and the additional costs that would be incurred through the need to purchase such means prevented the government from these methods of exchange. The State Bank Order to allow the issue of these Hajj notes was made in May 1950. A new series of notes was released in 1972, under the name of the State Bank of Pakistan rather than the Government of Pakistan. These had an Urdu overprint as well as an English one, saying "For Haj [sic] pilgrims from Pakistan for use in Saudi Arabia only". New notes were printed in 1975 and 1978, reflecting changes in
2408-405: The militants. The effort produced a series of bloody and clumsy confrontations. On 30 August, scores of Pakistani troops, mostly from the Frontier Corps, were captured by militants. In early November, most were released in exchange for 25 militants held by the Pakistan Army. There is a widespread consensus among United States government military and intelligence experts that the Frontier Corps are
2464-404: The omission of figures like Pakistan’s first Prime Minister, Liaquat Ali Khan , was significant. He explained that the commemorative Rs. 75 banknote, a legal tender, will not impact the overall money supply. Of the 4.3 billion notes being circulated this year, only 65 million will be the Rs. 75 denomination, making it a limited, one-time release. Between 1948 and July 1955, the Pakistani rupee
2520-403: The portraits and numbers on the note have raised printing, allowing identification of the banknote by the visually impaired. During Eid al-Fitr , shopkeepers across Pakistan refused to accept Rs. 75 notes, sparking rumors about the note’s possible demonetization. In response, SBP spokesperson Abid Qamar posted a video on the central bank’s official Twitter account, reassuring the public that
2576-578: The possibility of redemption in India. Printed by the India Security Press in Nasik, these notes consist of Indian note plates engraved (not overprinted) with the words GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN in English and "Hukumat-e-PAKISTAN" in Urdu added at the top and bottom, respectively, of the watermark area on the front only; the signatures on these notes remain those of Indian banking and finance officials. Additionally,
2632-492: The province were being routinely attacked by terrorists. In the late 1990s, the Frontier Corps played an important role in eliminating opium poppy cultivation from Dir District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In 2007, after the collapse of truce agreements between the Pakistani government and local militants, the Frontier Corps, teamed with regular Pakistani military units, conducted incursions into tribal areas controlled by
2688-433: The redesign, the State Bank plans to introduce a new polymer plastic banknote in one denomination later this year. "If it is received well by the public, plastic currency will be introduced in other denominations," Ahmed stated (The denominations to be redesigned include Rs 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, and 5000).Governor Ahmed also confirmed that there are no plans to cancel the Rs 5,000 note, despite suggestions from some members of
2744-549: The region. The Militia converted from the .303 Rifle to the L1A1 Self-Loading Rifle in 1984. In the latter part of the Soviet-Afghan War, the unit carried on scouting and mounted reconnaissance operations deep into Khost and Ghazni , Afghanistan . The Zhob Militia is headquartered at Zhob Contonment, previously called Fort Sandeman , and its four wings are located at Zhob , Sambaza , Muslim Bagh , and Qamardin Karaz . It
2800-451: The same year by 1 paisa, 5 and 10 paise coins. In 1963, 10 and 25 paise coins were introduced, followed by 2 paise the next year. Re. 1/- coins were reintroduced in 1979, followed by Rs. 2/- in 1998 and Rs. 5/- in 2002. 2 paise coins were last minted in 1976, with 1 paisa coins ceasing production in 1979. The 5, 10, 25 and 50 paise all ceased production in 1996. There are two variations of Rs. 2/- coins: most have clouds above
2856-499: The serial number font and signature styles. Although the PSPC had been printing lower denomination notes since July 1953, the third series of the 100-rupee note, released in September 1953, was initially produced by Thomas De La Rue in the UK. Subsequently, these notes were printed by the PSPC, with the change in production source identifiable by variations in the serial number font. In 2024
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#17328519612872912-409: The standard notes. The use of Hajj notes continued until 1978. Until this date, stocks of notes were used without the necessity of printing new notes with the signatures of the later Governors. It is believed that, once the use of Hajj Notes was discontinued, most of the remaining stock of notes was destroyed. However, many notes entered the collector market following their sale to a banknote dealer by
2968-476: Was devalued in 1949 , in which India followed suit but Pakistan did not. This caused the Pakistani rupee to be valued at a 44% premium to the Indian rupee until the Pakistani rupee was devalued in 1955, returning to parity with the Indian rupee. This parity lasted until India devalued their currency in 1966. Since the United States dollar suspension in 1971 of convertibility of paper currency into any precious metal,
3024-411: Was effectively pegged to the U.S. dollar at approximately Rs.3/ 31 per U.S. dollar. Afterwards, this was changed to approximately Rs.4/ 76 per U.S. dollar, a devaluation of 30%, to match the Indian rupee's value. This fixed exchange rate was maintained until 11 May 1972, in which the rupee was devalued to Rs.11/- per dollar. Initially, the Indian and Pakistani rupees were at parity until sterling
3080-552: Was issued on 14 August 1947, by the Governor General of pre-partition British India , following the advice of an expert committee. It designated the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the temporary monetary authority for both India and Pakistan until 30 September 1948. During this transitional period, currency notes issued by the RBI and the Government of India were to remain legal tender in Pakistan. The order also allowed these notes to bear inscriptions of Government of Pakistan in Urdu and English, to be circulated from 1 April 1948. Like
3136-467: Was released that Pakistan plans to roll out new banknotes of all denominations, the new currency notes would be of different colors, distinct serial numbers, design and include "high security features." the transition to new banknotes would not be abrupt. Pakistan's central bank will introduce a new polymer plastic currency banknote later this year while also redesigning all existing banknotes to enhance security and incorporate hologram features.In addition to
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