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23-837: In 1971, the Native Summer Games held in Enoch, Alberta , Canada drew 3,000 participants competing in 13 sports and many cultural events. In 1973, the Western Canada Native Winter Games were held on the Blood Reserve in Kainai, Alberta , Canada. In 1975, a meeting of the National Indian Athletic Association was held in Reno , Nevada , where it was decided to organize games for indigenous peoples. John Fletcher,

46-656: A Peigan from Edmonton, Alberta , Canada, and Willie Littlechild , a Cree of the Ermineskin Tribe at Hobbema, Alberta , Canada, attended; John Fletcher is credited for his support towards having the games, as presented by Mr. Littlechild. In 1977, the idea to host large-scale indigenous games took another step forward in Sweden at the Annual Assembly of the World Council of Indigenous Peoples. Willie Littlechild presented

69-457: A population density of 32.8/km (85/sq mi). According to the Canada 2016 Census : Gold medal A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture. Since the eighteenth century, gold medals have been awarded in the arts, for example, by

92-524: A significant military or naval victory or accomplishment. In the United States, Congress would enact a resolution asking the President to reward those responsible. The commanding officer would receive a gold medal and his officers would get silver medals . Medals have historically been given as prizes in various types of competitive activities, especially athletics. Traditionally, medals are made of

115-465: A slight modification) remained on the obverse with a custom design by the host city on the reverse. Noting that Cassioli's design showed a Roman amphitheater for what originally were Greek games, a new obverse design was commissioned for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens . For the 2008 Beijing Olympics medals had a diameter of 70mm and were 6mm thick, with the front displaying a winged figure of victory and

138-540: A sporting discipline receive a gold medal in recognition of their achievement. At the Ancient Olympic Games , only one winner per event received an award, which was a kotinos , an olive wreath made of wild olive leaves from a sacred tree near the temple of Zeus at Olympia. Aristophanes in Plutus makes a remark why victorious athletes are crowned with wreaths made of wild olive instead of gold. Herodotus describes

161-537: A story that explains why there were only a few Greek men at the Battle of Thermopylae since "all other men were participating in the Olympic Games" and that the prize for the winner was "an olive-wreath". When Tigranes , an Armenian general, learned this, he uttered to his leader: "Good heavens! What kind of men are these against whom you have brought us to fight? Men who do not compete for possessions, but for honour". At

184-688: A year before the games were to be held, Milwaukee withdrew its host application due to the lack of financial backers. Other arrangements, however, were made, and games were indeed held in Milwaukee in July 2011 on a smaller scale (dubbed the United States Indigenous Games). The 2014 games took place in Regina, Saskatchewan followed by the 2017 games in Toronto, Ontario . In the 2006 games, 10,000 athletes from

207-459: The 1896 Summer Olympics , winners received a silver medal and the second-place finisher received a bronze medal . In 1900 , most winners received cups or trophies instead of medals. The next three Olympics ( 1904 , 1908 , 1912 ) awarded the winners solid gold medals, but the medals themselves were smaller. The use of gold rapidly declined with the onset of the First World War and also with

230-629: The Enoch Cree Nation #440 in Alberta . It is adjacent to the City of Edmonton to the east and Parkland County to the north, west, and south. The locality of Enoch is on the Enoch Cree Nation 135 reserve. In 2016 Enoch Cree Nation 135 had a population of 1,690 living in 576 dwellings , a 71.2% increase from 2011. The Indian reserve has a land area of 51.55 km (19.90 sq mi) and

253-653: The Lorentz Medal , the United States Congressional Gold Medal and the Nobel Prize medal. Nobel Prize medals consist of 18  karat green gold plated with 24 karat gold. Before 1980, they were struck in 23 karat gold. Before the establishment of standard military awards , e.g., the Medal of Honor , it was common practice to have a medal specially created to provide national recognition for

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276-525: The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts , usually as a symbol of an award to give an outstanding student some financial freedom. Others offer only the prestige of the award. Many organizations now award gold medals either annually or extraordinarily, including various academic societies. While some gold medals are solid gold, others are gold-plated or silver-gilt , like those of the Olympic Games ,

299-507: The 19th century, with the National Association of Amateur Athletes in the United States awarding such medals as early as 1884. This standard was adopted for Olympic competition at the 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis . At the 1896 event , silver was awarded to winners and bronze to runners-up, while in 1900 other prizes were given, not medals. At the modern Olympic Games , winners of

322-564: The NAIG, from the very beginning, along with my brothers, Willie Littlechild of Ermineskin First Nation at Hobbema, and Big John Fletcher of Peigan in Southern Alberta, was one of our interest and concern about what was happening among the young people in all of our communities. . . We took it upon ourselves to try and find something constructive for the young people to look forward to. And, what it

345-454: The Olympic host. From 1928 through 1968 the design was always the same: the obverse showed a generic design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli of Greek goddess Nike with Rome's Colosseum in the background and text naming the host city; the reverse showed another generic design of Nike saluting an Olympic champion. From the 1972 Summer Olympics through 2000 , Cassioli's design (or

368-512: The United States and Canada took part with more than 1,000 tribes represented. In addition to sporting events, the games included a parade and a variety of cultural performances. The opening ceremonies were held at Invesco Field at Mile High and the closing ceremonies were held at Skyline Park . Approximately 5,000 athletes from the United States and Canada took part in the 2014 games, in Regina, Saskatchewan , (July 20–27, 2014) with more than 756 tribes represented. In addition to sporting events,

391-640: The back showed a Beijing Olympics symbol surrounded by an inset jade circle. Winter Olympics medals have been of more varied design. The silver and bronze medals have always borne the same designs. The award of a gold medal, often coupled with the award of silver and bronze medals to the next place finishers, has been adopted in other sports competitions (such as the Mediterranean Games ), and in other competitive fields, such as music and writing, as well as some competitive games. Typically bronze medals are awarded only to third place, but in some contests there

414-630: The following metals: Occasionally, Platinum medals can be awarded. These metals designate the first three Ages of Man in Greek mythology : the Golden Age , when men lived among the gods, the Silver Age , where youth lasted a hundred years, and the Bronze Age , the era of heroes. The custom of awarding the sequence of gold, silver , and bronze medals for the first three highest achievers dates from at least

437-488: The games included a large cultural village at the First Nations University of Canada and a variety of cultural performances throughout the host city. The opening ceremonies were held at Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field and the closing ceremonies were held at the First Nations University of Canada campus. A large and violent storm went through the cultural village on July 24, nearly destroying everything except for

460-559: The motion to host international indigenous games. It was unanimously passed. A Brazilian elder was reportedly so moved by this that he presented Willie Littlechild with a war arrow representing peace in his tribe. Advising it be pointed to the ground, this arrow would direct anything evil toward the underground. It is now part of the sacred ceremonial run. The goal of the games was to improve the quality of life for indigenous peoples by supporting self-determined sports and cultural activities. Former Chairperson Charles Wood stated "The vision of

483-511: The onset of the Second World War . The last series of Olympic medals to be made of solid gold were awarded at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm , Sweden . Olympic gold medals are required to be made from at least 92.5% silver , and must contain a minimum of 6 grams of gold. All Olympic medals must be at least 70mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of

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506-464: The tipis. Later, over 300 volunteers worked through the night to clean it up in time for the following days activities. Gold , silver , and bronze medals were awarded in sixteen sports: Enoch, Alberta Enoch Cree Nation 135 , ( Cree : ᒪᐢᑫᑯᓯᐦᐠ , romanized:  maskêkosihk / m ə s ˈ k eɪ ɡ oʊ s iː k / ) previously known as Stony Plain No. 135 , is an Indian reserve of

529-770: Was eventually, was that we would put together a plan for a Games through which the young Aboriginal people could come together to excel in their athletic field of endeavour and to come together to do other things: to make new friendships, to renew old ones, and so on..." The first North American Indigenous Games (or "NAIG") were held in 1990 in Edmonton , Alberta , followed by Prince Albert, Saskatchewan , in 1993, Blaine, Minnesota , in 1995, Victoria, British Columbia , in 1997, Winnipeg , Manitoba , in 2002, Denver , Colorado , in 2006 and Cowichan , British Columbia , in 2008. The 2011 games were to be held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin , but about

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