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68-624: North Adelaide is a predominantly residential precinct and suburb of the City of Adelaide in South Australia , situated north of the River Torrens and within the Adelaide Park Lands . Laid out in a grid plan in three sections by Colonel William Light in 1837, the suburb contains many grand old mansions. Surveyor-General Colonel William Light of the colony of South Australia completed

136-410: A residents' committee ; these are subdivided into residents' small groups of fifteen to forty families. In most urban areas of China, neighbourhood , community , residential community , residential unit , residential quarter have the same meaning: 社区 or 小区 or 居民区 or 居住区 , and is the direct sublevel of a subdistrict ( 街道办事处 ), which is the direct sublevel of a district ( 区 ), which

204-411: A Marist legend about Champagnat. A favourite maxim of St. Marcellin was that he wanted "to make Jesus known and loved" throughout the world, and to demonstrate he would run a needle through an apple (representing the earth) as an example of how he wanted the message of "Ad Jesum per Mariam" or "To Jesus through Mary" to cross the globe. The end of the needle came out in what would be the equivalent of

272-560: A Provincial, whose job it is to oversee and make deliberations on behalf of the Superior General for the Province he leads. There are 26 provinces and 5 districts. Depending on the extent of ministries within a certain country, there may be multiple provinces within the one country. For example, Brazil has three provinces and two districts and Australia has two, as does Mexico . The Marist Brothers' first international missionary mandate

340-796: A high level of regulation of social life by officials. For example, in the Tang period Chinese capital city Chang'an, neighbourhoods were districts and there were state officials who carefully controlled life and activity at the neighbourhood level. Neighbourhoods in preindustrial cities often had some degree of social specialisation or differentiation. Ethnic neighbourhoods were important in many past cities and remain common in cities today. Economic specialists, including craft producers, merchants, and others, could be concentrated in neighbourhoods, and in societies with religious pluralism neighbourhoods were often specialised by religion. One factor contributing to neighbourhood distinctiveness and social cohesion in past cities

408-715: A mission in Nyamirangwe (Bugobe), Zaire . These brothers were all Spanish: Br. Fernando de la Fuente de la Fuente , Br. Miguel Ángel Isla Lucio, Br. Servando Mayor García, and Br. Julio Rodríguez Jorge. On October 28, 2007, the Vatican beatified 498 saints who died as martyrs in the Spanish Civil War . Among the 498 were 47 Marist brothers from the dioceses of Burgos , Cartagena, Girona , Lleida , Palencia , Pamplona and Tudela, San Sebastián , Solsona, Terrassa, Teruel and Albarracin , Urgell and Vic . The Beatification Mass

476-420: A small area within a town or city. The label is commonly used to refer to organisations which relate to such a very local structure, such as neighbourhood policing or Neighbourhood watch schemes. In addition, government statistics for local areas are often referred to as neighbourhood statistics, although the data themselves are broken down usually into districts and wards for local purposes. In many parts of

544-496: A specific geographic area and functionally as a set of social networks. Neighbourhoods, then, are the spatial units in which face-to-face social interactions occur—the personal settings and situations where residents seek to realise common values, socialise youth, and maintain effective social control." In the words of the urban scholar Lewis Mumford , "Neighborhoods, in some annoying, inchoate fashion exist wherever human beings congregate, in permanent family dwellings; and many of

612-503: A suspended prison sentence, McNamara received three additional convictions and sentences on sex abuse charges, but was able to once again receive a suspended prison sentence following another conviction in December 2016. Marist Brother Claudius Pettit, real name Malcolm Thomas Petit, was convicted of child-sex abuse of a boy at a Wellington school in the 1990s. In 2005, John Louis Stevenson (known as Brother Bernard) and Brother Andrew Cody of

680-526: A teacher, sociologist, researcher, and lawyer. The Kumanka Boys' Hostel located at 206 Childers Terrace, was operated by the South Australian Government between 1946 and 1980. In 1948, there were 23 boys aged between 13 and 18 years resident at the hostel. It was designed to accommodate state wards , as well as those for whom there was no other suitable accommodation after serving time at the government-run Magill Boys' Reformatory . H. A. Lyndon

748-490: A unit of analysis. In mainland China , the term is generally used for the urban administrative division found immediately below the district level, although an intermediate, subdistrict level exists in some cities. They are also called streets (administrative terminology may vary from city to city). Neighbourhoods encompass 2,000 to 10,000 families. Within neighbourhoods, families are grouped into smaller residential units or quarters of 100 to 600 families and supervised by

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816-767: Is Esse quam videri , "To be, rather than to seem" and the school colours are red and blue. Queen's College (1885–1949) on Barton Terrace was the longest lasting proprietary (i.e. privately owned and run) boys' college in Australia. Another private school of historical interest was North Adelaide Grammar School (aka. Whinham College). Many residential colleges affiliated with the University of Adelaide are in North Adelaide, including Aquinas College , Lincoln College , St. Ann's College , St. Mark's College , Kathleen Lumley College (Postgraduate) and Australian Lutheran College ,

884-578: Is 1.9, less than the South Australian average of 2.4. There are many significant heritage buildings in the area. In state government, North Adelaide is part of the state electoral district of Adelaide , which has been held since 2022 by Labor MP Lucy Hood . In federal politics, the suburb is part of the division of Adelaide , and has been represented since 2004 by a Labor MP, since 2019 being Steve Georganas . North Adelaide has one or two polling booths for federal and state elections, North Adelaide at

952-426: Is a geographically localized community within a larger city , town , suburb or rural area , sometimes consisting of a single street and the buildings lining it. Neighbourhoods are often social communities with considerable face-to-face interaction among members. Researchers have not agreed on an exact definition, but the following may serve as a starting point: "Neighbourhood is generally defined spatially as

1020-589: Is bordered by Brougham Place to the north, Pennington Road to the south, Sir Edwin Smith Avenue to the east and Palmer Place with adjoining Palmer Gardens/Pangki Pangki to the west (these two named after Lt Col George Palmer (1799-1883), a South Australian Colonisation Commissioner ). This area contains the Women's and Children's Hospital , the Memorial Hospital , St Peter's Cathedral , St. Mark's College ,

1088-1003: Is diminishing and very few continue to teach in the Marist schools, which are now led and staffed predominantly by lay teachers; however, such schools are described as being in the "Marist tradition" as they continue to follow the educational principles of the Marist Brothers. Oceania is divided into the following four administrative units: In the Oceania region, Prime Ministers of Australia , Papua New Guinea , Fiji , Samoa and Tonga were all educated by schools run Marist Brothers. The Marist project originated in Europe, particularly in France , which Marcellin Champagnat called home. A number of schools, universities, youth ministries and social works are done by

1156-461: Is divided into the following provinces: Marist brothers are active in a number of African countries, including Malawi , Zambia , Zimbabwe and Kenya . Marist brothers have been martyred in Africa on many occasions for educating and protecting refugee people. The administrative groupings of Marists in Africa are: In 2017, the Marist Brothers released a statement to survivors and victims of abuse. It

1224-449: Is its commercial street. O'Connell Street and Melbourne Street are known for their many restaurants. Many of the North Adelaide pubs and hotels are heritage-listed . As of 2021 there are 11 pubs operational in the suburb: five in (most on O'Connell Street): The Piccadilly, also known as Piccadilly Cinema (s), and formerly Piccadilly Theatre and The Forum, is a cinema located on the corner of O'Connell Street and Childers Street. It

1292-612: Is led by a Superior General, Br. Ernesto Sánchez, F.M.S. Together with the Vicar General and a General Council, it is his job to guide the growth and administration of the various ministries of the Brothers across the globe, from the General House in Rome . The Marist Brothers are divided into two main administrative units, either "provinces" or "districts", depending on size. Provinces are led by

1360-563: Is the continuation of King William Road, and links the main street of Adelaide City with Main North Road . A tram used to run up O'Connell Street and Melbourne street; the government is investigating extending the Glenelg tram along King William Road to terminate at Brougham Place. O'Connell Street has many cafes, restaurants, burger bars, shops and six pubs. Lincoln College (University of Adelaide) and Aquinas College (a residential college run by

1428-577: Is the direct sublevel of a city ( 市 ). (See Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China ) The term has no general official or statistical purpose in the United Kingdom, but is often used by local boroughs for self-chosen sub-divisions of their area for the delivery of various services and functions, as for example in Kingston-upon-Thames or is used as an informal term to refer to

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1496-667: The Children in State Care Commission of Inquiry which was run by Ted Mullighan QC from 2004 to 2008, with most of the incidents reported to have occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. The house, a double-storey bluestone residence built in 1870, still stands, and was registered on the South Australian Heritage Register in 2001. The suburb contains many other heritage-listed buildings, including: North Adelaide consists of three grids of varying dimension to suit

1564-994: The Hato Paora Māori Boys school in Feilding were convicted of sexual offenses and jailed. A Br. Aiden Benefield (Napier) was convicted of possessing child pornography in 2007. Subsequently, in 2020, Kevin Healy (Brother Gordon) was convicted of four charges of indecency (from 1976 to 1977) between a man and boys aged 12 and 13, and one of indecency with a girl aged under 12. Another was Ray Gannaway, known as Brother Ivan, who taught in Wellington and Auckland. As of March 2016, 29 complaints had been made against six former teachers from three Marist schools in Barcelona in Spain, with three of these teachers confessing to sexual abuse. By February 2019,

1632-623: The Lutheran tertiary institution and seminary . North Adelaide is well served by road, although in peak hour some roads, particularly O'Connell Street and Melbourne Street, are quite congested. North Adelaide railway station is located on the Gawler line of the Adelaide rail network . The railway station is however on the western edge of North Adelaide with infrequent services and is little used. There are several Adelaide Metro bus routes that service

1700-560: The Marist tradition , building schools for the underprivileged where they might learn to become "Good Christians and Good people". The decision was inspired by an event, when as a parish priest he was called to administer the last rites to a dying boy named Jean Baptiste Montagne. Trying to lead the boy through his last moments in prayer, Marcellin was struck by the fact that the young man had no gauge of Christianity or prayer . From that moment, Champagnat decided to start training brothers to meet

1768-641: The Marists for the Archdiocese of Adelaide , for students at any Adelaide university), are also situated in this grid. Tynte Street is another commercial street in the largest grid running between Wellington Square and the east parklands. It contains the North Adelaide Primary School, a public library, a civic hall, a post office and a pub. Also on Tynte Street are the studios of Adelaide's Mix 102.3 and Cruise 1323 . The southernmost (and smallest) grid

1836-642: The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse , initiated as a royal commission of inquiry by the Australian Government and supported by all of its state governments, began investigating the response of Marist Brothers to allegations of child sexual abuse in schools in the ACT, NSW and Queensland. A number of expert witnesses, former students, former teachers, former principals, former and current Marist officials and clergy, and one of

1904-518: The Supreme Court of Ireland found the order "vicariously liable" for abuses. In Scotland, the Marist Brothers issued an apology in 2021 for the "systemic abuse of children" at several schools. Abuse cases in Marist facilities in Chile included several involving diocesan priests Cristián Precht Bañados and Miguel Ortega of the Archdiocese of Santiago . Chilean police investigated the claims. Precht

1972-559: The 1900s, Clarence Perry described the idea of a neighbourhood unit as a self-contained residential area within a city. The concept is still influential in New Urbanism . Practitioners seek to revive traditional sociability in planned suburban housing based on a set of principles. At the same time, the neighbourhood is a site of interventions to create Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFCC) as many older adults tend to have narrower life space. Urban design studies thus use neighbourhood as

2040-521: The 1960s and 1970s there were typically up to 100 transfers each year. As of 2017, compensation payments made totaled approximately $ AUD2.7 million. In March 2015, a former Marist Brother was arrested over a number of sex offences allegedly committed at St Joseph's College in Hunters Hill and St Gregory's College in Campbelltown in the 1980s. In September 2016, during a Royal Commission hearing,

2108-476: The Brother Provincial of the Marist Brothers in Australia, Brother Peter Carroll, formally apologised to the family of Andrew Nash, whose suicide in 1974 at the age of 13 almost certainly resulted from sexual abuse by three of the order's predatory brothers – Dominic, Patrick and Romuald – and acknowledged that they had many more victims than the dozens who had come forward so far. Other cases, documented in

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2176-418: The Brothers today have spread across the globe. Over their 200-year history, Marist Brothers have had ministries in over 100 different nations. There are approximately 2,500 brothers in 79 countries on 5 continents, working directly and sharing their mission and spirituality with more than 72,000 lay Marists, and together educating close to 654,000 children and young people. The international Marist brotherhood

2244-622: The Cathedral hotel (popular with cricket fans due its proximity to the Adelaide Oval), and the Queen's Head hotel (the oldest Adelaide pub, renovated in 2003). The remaining (western) grid is termed Lower North Adelaide. It is nearest the Torrens floodplain. It contains Brougham Place Uniting Church , St. Ann's College , and four pubs. Melbourne Street, with cafes, restaurants, galleries, shops and two pubs,

2312-575: The Church's Vicariate of Solidarity human rights group that challenged ex-dictator Augusto Pinochet to end the practice of torture in Chile. In 2017, the Chilean Marist Brothers revealed that at least 14 minors were abused by Marist Brother Abel Perez from the 1970s until 2000 at several schools in Chile. Perez confessed to his superiors in 2010, and was transferred to Peru. On October 31, 1996, four brothers were killed by refugees and martyred in

2380-663: The Marist Brothers institute received the approbation of the Holy See , whereupon the order received the title of F ratres M aristae a S cholis (Marist Brothers of the Schools), hence the post-nominal letters of FMS . They received a particular mandate to follow the Marist Fathers to the Pacific and administer to the new colonies of the Pacific nations and Australia . This harkens back to

2448-553: The Marists in this area. The administration of European Marists is overseen by the provinces of: In Scotland, Celtic Football Club was formed at a meeting in St. Mary's church hall in Glasgow, by Marist Brother Walfrid on November 6, 1887. The stated purpose, according to the official club records, was "to alleviate poverty in Glasgow's East End parishes". The charity established by Brother Walfrid

2516-701: The North Adelaide Primary School and for most elections, Lower/East North Adelaide at St Cyprian's Anglican Church. The first preference votes by booths for recent state and federal elections are shown in tables. In local government , North Adelaide forms the North ward within the City of Adelaide. Since 2018 the North Ward Councillors are Mary Couros and Phillip Martin. Significant local issues since 2010 have included: Precinct (Australia) A neighbourhood (Commonwealth English) or neighborhood (American English)

2584-607: The Pacific in relation to France where he inserted the needle, and so thus the Marist Brothers have a presence throughout the Pacific, including in Australia and New Zealand . The Marist Brothers are involved in educational work throughout the world and now conduct primary, secondary and higher education schools, academies, industrial schools, orphanages and retreat houses in 79 countries on five continents: Europe , Africa , The Americas , Asia , and Oceania . From their roots in Lyons ,

2652-465: The Piccadilly as The Forum. In 1983 Wallis Cinemas bought the building in order to save it from being demolished, and reverted to its former name. During the 1990s Wallis converted the old picture palace into a multiplex with three screens. After an 18-month closure to allow for a major renovation costing A$ 2 million , the cinema is set to reopen on 15 December 2022. Apart from the interior refit of

2720-553: The UK wards are roughly equivalent to neighbourhoods or a combination of them. In the United States and Canada , neighbourhoods are often given official or semi-official status through neighbourhood associations , neighbourhood watches or block watches. These may regulate such matters as lawn care and fence height, and they may provide such services as block parties , neighbourhood parks and community security . In some other places

2788-504: The area on their way through to other suburbs. Buses run along several routes: Since 27 January 2014 a free loop bus operated jointly between the Adelaide City Council and the state government circulates through Adelaide and North Adelaide replacing a community bus operated by the Adelaide City Council. There is provision for bicycles along LeFevre Terrace/Frome Road and Montefiore Road/Jeffcott Street/Wellington Square and many of

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2856-485: The clergy at the centre of the allegations gave evidence or made statements before the commission. In 2017, the Commission published a report which documents significant evidence of child abuse at the hand of members of the Marist order and evidence that the response of the order systematically exacerbated the problems relating to abuse. Included in the report was a finding that "many alleged perpetrators remained in

2924-719: The control of city or state officials. In some preindustrial urban traditions, basic municipal functions such as protection, social regulation of births and marriages, cleaning and upkeep are handled informally by neighbourhoods and not by urban governments; this pattern is well documented for historical Islamic cities. In addition to social neighbourhoods, most ancient and historical cities also had administrative districts used by officials for taxation, record-keeping, and social control. Administrative districts are typically larger than neighbourhoods and their boundaries may cut across neighbourhood divisions. In some cases, however, administrative districts coincided with neighbourhoods, leading to

2992-435: The early 2000s, Community Development Corporations, Rehabilitation Networks, Neighbourhood Development Corporations, and Economic Development organisations would work together to address the housing stock and the infrastructures of communities and neighbourhoods (e.g., community centres). Community and Economic Development may be understood in different ways, and may involve "faith-based" groups and congregations in cities. In

3060-608: The equivalent organization is the parish , though a parish may have several neighbourhoods within it depending on the area. In localities where neighbourhoods do not have an official status, questions can arise as to where one neighbourhood begins and another ends. Many cities use districts and wards as official divisions of the city, rather than traditional neighbourhood boundaries. ZIP Code boundaries and post office names also sometimes reflect neighbourhood identities. Marist Brothers#Oceania St. Marcellin Champagnat decided to start an institute of consecrated brothers in

3128-598: The faith needs of the young people of France. On January 2, 1817, the 23-year-old Jean Marie Granjon and Jean Baptist Audras, fourteen and a half years of age, moved into the small house that Fr. Champagnat had rented for them in La Valla and which became the first Marist Brothers community. Their day consisted of prayer, work and study; their manual work was to make nails, an activity that helped to pay expenses. Marcellin taught them reading and writing, and he looked after their formation as religious educators. Other young men joined

3196-585: The functions of the city tend to be distributed naturally—that is, without any theoretical preoccupation or political direction—into neighborhoods." Most of the earliest cities around the world as excavated by archaeologists have evidence for the presence of social neighbourhoods. Historical documents shed light on neighbourhood life in numerous historical preindustrial or nonwestern cities. Neighbourhoods are typically generated by social interaction among people living near one another. In this sense they are local social units larger than households not directly under

3264-586: The geography. North Adelaide is surrounded by parklands , with public gardens between the grids. The North Adelaide park lands (the Adelaide Park Lands north of the River Torrens ) contain gardens, many sports fields (including the Adelaide Oval ), a golf course , horse agistment paddocks and some areas sympathetic with the native environment. The northernmost (and largest) grid has Wellington Square at its centre, and O'Connell Street (named after Daniel O'Connell ) as its main commercial street. O'Connell Street

3332-431: The neighbourhood as a small-scale democracy , regulated primarily by ideas of reciprocity among neighbours. Neighbourhoods have been the site of service delivery or "service interventions" in part as efforts to provide local, quality services, and to increase the degree of local control and ownership. Alfred Kahn, as early as the mid-1970s, described the "experience, theory and fads" of neighbourhood service delivery over

3400-450: The number of complaints against Barcelona Marist school teachers had increased to 43, with 12 teachers named as suspected abusers. Two Barcelona Marist Brothers were criminally charged, with one being convicted. The trial for the second defendant commenced in March 2019, who declared in court that the institution knew about the abuses but took no action so he "felt protected by the Marists". He

3468-527: The police in the period 1962 to 1993. Separately, in August 1996, Brother Gregory Sutton pleaded guilty to a total of 67 child sex offences in relation to 15 students at schools in New South Wales. He had taught at 6 Marist schools between 1970 and 1986 and there were complaints about the abuse of 27 children made against him during this period. In September 2018, Australian Marist Brother Gerard McNamara, 80,

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3536-571: The prior decade, including discussion of income transfers and poverty. Neighbourhoods, as a core aspect of community, also are the site of services for youth, including children with disabilities and coordinated approaches to low-income populations. While the term neighbourhood organisation is not as common in 2015, these organisations often are non-profit, sometimes grassroots or even core funded community development centres or branches. Community and economic development activists have pressured for reinvestment in local communities and neighbourhoods. In

3604-429: The report, included those related to Brother Chute who, in 2008, was convicted of 19 child sex offences against six of his former students during the period 1985 to 1989. 48 claims had been made of abuse that occurred from 1959 to 1990 at 6 different schools, while 40 students at Marist College Canberra laid complaints during the period 1976 to 1990. The Marist Brothers did not report any allegations of child sexual abuse to

3672-407: The same positions with access to children for years and sometimes decades after initial and successive allegations of child sexual abuse were raised". In many cases the Commission heard of "the minimisation of allegations of child sexual abuse". One of the key systematic issues that came to light was that it was typical for Brothers to move through many communities and ministries in their lifetime. In

3740-653: The streets have little traffic and are bicycle friendly. In the 2021 Australian census , the population of North Adelaide was 6,823, comprising 1,494 families. 58.9 per cent of the population had a tertiary education . The proportion of the population 20–29 years (12.1% 20–24 years, 8.7% 25–29 years) is greater than South Australia as a whole (6.1% 20–24 years, 6.6% 25–29 years) In the 2016 Australian census , there were 6,950 people in North Adelaide. There were 2,659 occupied private dwellings of which 43.6% were semi-detached, 28.7 were flats or apartments, and 26.4% were separate houses. The average household size in North Adelaide

3808-461: The survey for the capital city of Adelaide by 10 March 1837. The survey included 1,042 acres (4.22 km), including 342 acres (1.38 km) north of the River Torrens . This surveyed land north of the river became North Adelaide. North Adelaide was the birthplace of William Lawrence Bragg (1890–1971), co-recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1915, and Emily Dorothea Pavy (1885–1967),

3876-503: The theatres, installation of a lift and other features, a new licensed food and drinks lounge space have replaced the shopfronts O'Connell Street, where the original candy bar was situated. The North Adelaide Primary School on Tynte Street was established in 1877 and is one of the oldest schools in South Australia. At 2007 its enrolment from reception to year seven was 250. The school's motto recorded on its World War One honour board

3944-609: The undertaking, among them Gabriel Rivat who, as Brother François, would later become the Brothers' first Superior General. As a Marist priest, Champagnat had a particular affinity for the Blessed Virgin Mary , so upon conception of the idea of Marist Brothers, Champagnat chose to call his brothers Petits Frères de Marie (Little Brothers of Mary), emphasising the meekness and humbleness he wished them to pursue, and seeking their consecration to her as an exemplar of fidelity to Christ. In 1863, 23 years after Champagnat's death,

4012-452: Was a workshop, a piano, sporting equipment, and a library. Notable residents included Kaurna elder Uncle Lewis O'Brien , who had fond memories of his stay there, and wrote in his memoir that the Lyndons were "excellent people", who helped him attain his education. By 1966 the average number of residents was 18. Kumanka was one of several institutions which had allegations of abuse aired during

4080-474: Was appointed as superintendent, with his wife as matron. The aim of the hostel was to help the boys acquire skills for living in the wider community. They were free to come and go, subject to the superintendent's approval. They paid for their board, with the amount adjusted according to their wages, and were obliged to bank some of their income. They were expected to attend church, and encouraged to do other activities, take classes, and undertake voluntary work. There

4148-758: Was built for D. Clifford Theatres Ltd. as the Piccadilly Theatre in 1940, in art deco / moderne style. It is heritage-listed on both the South Australian Heritage Register and the Register of the National Estate . Dan Clifford chose the name due to his association with the town of Piccadilly in the Adelaide Hills as well as the famous Piccadilly Circus in London. After Clifford's death in 1942, his theatres were bought by Greater Union in 1947, who renamed

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4216-571: Was issued by the 22nd General Chapter and stated that "Abuse is the very antithesis of our Marist values, and undermines the very purpose of our Institute. Any abuse of children is a betrayal of the noble ideals of our founder, St Marcellin Champagnat". Then the institution fought against adequate compensation measures for survivors of the abuse. The Marist Brothers then offered less in compensation to Fijian survivors, than they had in New Zealand, leading to accusations of racism . From June 2014,

4284-827: Was named 'The Poor Children's Dinner Table'. The North American provinces are particularly based around secondary and tertiary education. A number of American celebrities have been educated in American Marist schools, including Sean "P Diddy" Combs , David Hasselhoff and Ray Romano . The North American provinces are: In Latin America , "Maristas" are also very active in the following countries: Chile , Puerto Rico , Guatemala , Peru , El Salvador , Mexico , Costa Rica , Nicaragua , Argentina , Brazil , Colombia , Uruguay , Paraguay , Venezuela and other countries as well. The largest number of brothers currently are natives from Spain and France. The Marist presence in these countries

4352-406: Was sentenced to 21 years and 9 months in prison for sexually abusing four children, with the Marist Brothers paying 120,000 euros to each of his proven victims. Similar cases were reported in Ireland, with a Marist Brother being the first member of a religious order convicted of child sexual abuse in Ireland. Several Marist Brothers were convicted of abuse at a number of schools and a judgement by

4420-501: Was sentenced to nine months in prison for molesting five boys at St Paul's Catholic College, where he served as principal between 1970 and 1975. He had molested one of these boy 30 times. In May 2020, McNamara began serving a second stint in prison after pleading guilty to indecent assault of more than 15 male students between 1970 and 1975. This time, he received a sentence of 35 months in prison, with 28 months suspended. Since his first sex abuse conviction in June 2006, which resulted in

4488-427: Was suspended from ministry between 2012 and 2017 after being convicted by the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. In 2012, Ortega was found guilty of sexually molesting boys and sentenced to 32 years in prison; he died in 2015. On 12 September 2018, Precht was charged and laicized . Precht had been incardinated in the Archdiocese of Santiago, and gained national recognition in the 1980s when he served as head of

4556-482: Was the role of rural to urban migration. This was a continual process in preindustrial cities, and migrants tended to move in with relatives and acquaintances from their rural past. Neighbourhood sociology is a subfield of urban sociology which studies local communities Neighbourhoods are also used in research studies from postal codes and health disparities , to correlations with school drop out rates or use of drugs. Some attention has also been devoted to viewing

4624-1158: Was to the Pacific, where they accompanied Marist Fathers in evangelizing and education ministries. Today, Marist brothers own and run many technical colleges in the Central and Western Pacific, educating young men in nations ravaged by war (such as the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea ). Marist Brothers arrived in Australia in 1872, where they opened their first school at The Rocks, New South Wales . There are now over 300 Brothers working with young people in schools as teachers and administrators, in retreat houses and camps for young people and in other areas of ministry. Australian Marist Brothers also serve in welfare ministries working with young adults in outreach programs in indigenous Australian communities and also in missions in nearby Papua New Guinea , Bougainville , Solomon Islands , and East Timor . Marists from Australia also serve communities in Cambodia and India . The two provinces of Melbourne (States of Victoria , WA , South Australia and Northern Territory ) and Sydney ( Queensland , New South Wales , ACT and Cambodia) recombined in 2012. The number of Marist Brothers in Australian

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