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33-654: Norman Wells ( Slavey language : Tłegǫ́hłı̨ [t͡ɬʰɛkṍhɬĩ] "where there is oil") is a town located in the Sahtu Region , Northwest Territories , Canada. The town, which hosts the Sahtu Regional office, is situated on the north side of the Mackenzie River and provides a view down the valley of the Franklin and Richardson mountains. In the 2021 Canadian census conducted by Statistics Canada , Norman Wells had

66-508: A refinery built in 1939. During the Second World War , Norman Wells was deemed important as a source of oil for military operations in Alaska and Yukon . The Canol Road and Canol Project was undertaken to enable the piping of oil to Whitehorse , with the flow starting in 1944. Although Norman Wells crude was light and easily flowed at temperatures as low as −62 °C (−80 °F),

99-437: A population of 673 living in 269 of its 404 total private dwellings, a change of -13.5% from its 2016 population of 778. With a land area of 82.09 km (31.70 sq mi), it had a population density of 8.2/km (21.2/sq mi) in 2021. A total of 315 people identified as Indigenous , and of these, 195 were First Nations , 80 were Métis , 15 were Inuit and 20 gave multiple Indigenous responses. The main languages in

132-510: A scheduled service into the community. In the summer floatplane access to the town is possible at the Norman Wells Water Aerodrome . During the summer months there are barge services, sealifts to the town by Marine Transportation Services from Hay River and Cooper Barging Services from Fort Simpson. Other aviation companies that have a presence in the community include Canadian Helicopters and Air Tindi . Services include

165-433: A series of consonants that varies greatly in their place of articulation: In Slavey proper, these are dental affricates and fricatives; comparative Athabaskan work reveals this to be the oldest sound value. Mountain has labials, with the voiceless stop coinciding with pre-existing /p/ . Bearlake has labialized velars, but has lenited the voiced fricative to coincide with pre-existing /w/ . The most complicated situation

198-694: A temperature of 37.9 °C (100.2 °F) and on 4 February 1947 a minimum of −54.4 °C (−65.9 °F). Slavey language North Slavey is spoken by the Sahtu (North Slavey) people in the Mackenzie District along the middle Mackenzie River from Tulita (Fort Norman) north, around Great Bear Lake , and in the Mackenzie Mountains of the Canadian territory of Northwest Territories . The dialect has around 800 speakers. Northern Slavey

231-599: A three-member Royal Canadian Mounted Police detachment and a community health centre with two nurses with dental visits two or three times a year. There is a branch of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce and two grocery stores including the Northern store and Rampart Rentals along with three hotels and two restaurants. Norman Wells also has a liquor store, currently the only one in the Sahtu Region. Phone service

264-478: A very specific morpheme order in the verb in which the stem must come last. The morpheme order is shown in the following chart. A Slavey verb must minimally have positions 13 and 14 to be proper. Here are some examples: Slavey marks gender by means of prefixation on the verb theme. There are three different genders, one of which is unmarked; the other two are marked by prefixes [go-] and [de-] . However, only certain verb themes allow gender prefixes. [go-]

297-632: Is an amalgamation of three separate dialects : South Slavey ( ᑌᓀ ᒐ Dené Dháh , Dene Yatıé or Dene Zhatıé ) is spoken by the Slavey people, who were also known as Dehghaot'ine, Deh Cho, Etchareottine - "People Dwelling in the Shelter", in the region of Great Slave Lake , upper Mackenzie River ( Deh Cho - "Big River") and its drainage, in the District of Mackenzie, northeast Alberta , and northwest British Columbia . Some communities are bilingual, with

330-489: Is found in Hare, where the plain stop is a labialized velar, the ejective member is replaced by a /ʔw/ sequence, the aspirated affricate has turned into a fricative /f/ , and both the voiceless and voiced fricatives have been lenited to /w/ . The following phonological and phonetic statements apply to all four dialects of Slavey. Slavey has two tones: In Slavey orthography, high tone is marked with an acute accent, and low tone

363-640: Is provided by Northwestel with cable television and Internet access available. Mobile phone services are available through Bell Mobility or Northwestel's Latitude Wireless service, which is now owned by Bell. Former member of parliament for the Western Arctic , Ethel Blondin-Andrew , has a consulting service, Mountain Dene Ventures, in the town. The community is part of the Sahtu Divisional Education Council and they operate, through

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396-465: Is unmarked. Tones are both lexical and grammatical. Lexical: /ɡáh/ 'along' vs. /ɡàh/ 'rabbit' Slavey morphemes have underlying syllable structures in the stems: CV, CVC, CVnC, V, and VC. The prefixes of the stem occur as Cv, CVC, VC, CV, and C. Slavey alphabet (1973) Tone is indicated with an acute accent and the ogonek indicates nasalization. North Slavey alphabet South Slavey alphabet Slavey, like many Athabascan languages, has

429-492: Is used for nouns which mark location in either time or space. Some examples of these areal nouns are house (ko̜̒e̒), land (de̒h), river (deh), and winder (xay). The gender pronoun can be a direct object, an oblique object or a possessor. kú̜e̒ house go detl’e̒h 3SG .paints.area kú̜e̒ go detl’e̒h house 3SG.paints.area 'S/he is painting the house.' ko̜̒e̒ house go cha area.in   shelter ko̜̒e̒ go cha {} house area.in shelter 'in

462-618: The Watson Lake , Horn River , Sandy Jane and Great Bear , did not include "Radium" in their name. Construction of Distant Early Warning communication sites along the Arctic Ocean coastline in the 1950s provided an opportunity for the company to expand and engineer larger and more efficient tugboats and barges. In 1975, then under the jurisdiction of the Coast Guard Northern Division of Transport Canada , it became

495-547: The Arctic Ocean using a fleet of diesel tug boats and shallow-draft barges. NTCL filed for bankruptcy in 2016 and its assets were acquired by the Government of the Northwest Territories later that year. The company was an outgrowth of the competition in the Northwest Territories and Northern Alberta between the new Northern Traders Company and the entrenched Hudson's Bay Company . Colonel James Cornwall , one of

528-623: The Canol pipeline in 1942), and the growth of settlements in these districts lead to a growth in demand for NTCL's services. Its flagships were the Radium Queen and Radium King both commissioned in 1937 for use on the upper and lower Slave Rivers. Other vessels in this fleet included the Radium Express , Radium Yellowknife , Radium Prince , Radium Cruiser , Radium Scout , Radium Charles , Radium Gilbert and Radium Lad , earning

561-454: The 30 consonants common to most or all varieties. Hare lacks aspirated affricates (on red background), which have lenited into fricatives, whereas Mountain lacks /w/ (on blue). In addition, for some speakers of Hare, an alveolar flap /ɾ/ has developed into a separate phoneme. Prenasalized stops /ᵐb, ⁿd/ may appear in Slavey proper. The most pronounced difference is however the realization of

594-526: The Inuvialuit Development Corporation and Nunasi Corporation, two native -owned corporations. On April 1, 2014, the Inuvialuit Development Corporation (IDC) bought the 50% share of NorTerra held by Nunasi. This purchase of NorTerra gave the IDC complete control of Canadian North , NTCL and other companies that were jointly held. NTCL filed for bankruptcy in 2016 and its assets were acquired by

627-610: The Norman Wells District Education Authority, the Mackenzie Mountain School. The school, which has an enrolment of 150, provides education from Junior Kindergarten to Grade 12 . Aurora College has a presence in the community with a community learning centre and a career centre. Norman Wells has a subarctic climate ( Köppen Dfc ) with summer lasting for about three months. Although winter temperatures are usually below freezing, every month of

660-512: The North American pipeline grid and resulted in increased activity. The Norman Wells Metis , a Métis group which is signatory to the Sahtu Dene and Metis Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement , are currently negotiating self-government powers and recently signed a framework agreement towards a new treaty. Norman Wells is accessible by navigating the Mackenzie River in summer, or by driving over

693-506: The children learning Slavey at home and English when they enter school. Still other communities are monolingual in Slavey The dialect has around 1,000 speakers. Alternative names: Slavi, Slave, Dené, Mackenzian The division of Slavey dialects is based largely on the way each one pronounces the old Proto-Athapaskan sounds *dz *ts *ts’ *s and *z. The consonant inventories in the dialects of Slavey differ considerably. The table above lists

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726-522: The company's first season, it operated with small tugboats and power barges . From Waterways to Fort Fitzgerald on the Athabasca / Slave River , it used the motor tugboat Mabel with three barges; from Fort Smith to Aklavik on the Slave/ Mackenzie Rivers , it used a 90-foot twin diesel powered barge with two barges carrying 300-tons per trip; from Fort Smith to Fort Rae (now Behchokǫ̀) on

759-528: The fleet the name "The Radium Line" . Port Radium on Great Bear Lake, a mine that supplied much of the uranium used by the Manhattan Project , and later the uranium mines on Lake Athabasca in northern Saskatchewan , were key destinations for the fleet. All of the tugs had extremely shallow draft, and mounted their propellers in cavities under their hull. Five vessels in the fleet, the George Askew ,

792-614: The line did not work well and was shut down shortly after the war ended. The road, which began at Canol Camp across the river, was abandoned. The road's remains now make up the Canol Heritage Trail in the NWT. The Norman Wells Proven Area Agreement of 1944 is a partnership between Imperial Oil and the federal government (administered by Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada ) that has lasted to this day. The completion of an oil pipeline from Norman Wells to Zama City in 1985 connected to

825-459: The north end of Great Slave Lake it used a power barge with 100-ton capacity. On the Bear River route into Great Bear Lake , where significant silver and uranium mineral exploration was underway in 1934, the company used a series of boats and barges. The tugboat Norman operated from Fort Norman (now Tulita) to the head of the first rapids with a 50-ton barge. Freight was then transferred around

858-675: The principals of the Northern Traders Company, ran his first steamer, a stern wheeler The Midnight Sun , on the Lesser Slave River in 1904. The company acted as a kind of subsidiary of the Northern Trading Company until its formal creation in 1930 as Northern Waterways Limited , but its name was changed in 1934 to the Northern Transportation Company Limited. In the summer of 1934,

891-534: The rapid portage to the vessel Sternwheeler with 20-ton capacity, operating up the Bear River to the next set of rapids. After that portage, freight was transferred to a tugboat pushing a 50-ton barge to Fort Franklin (now Délı̨nę) on Great Bear Lake. Finally, freight was transferred onto a 90-foot power barge suitable for lake traffic pushing two 90-foot barges with carrying capacity of 350-tons, destined for Port Radium and Cameron Bay mining camps. In 1936, NTCL

924-502: The shelter of the house' ko̜̒e̒ house go deshįte̒ee area.floor ko̜̒e̒ go deshįte̒ee house area.floor 'floor of the house' Marine Transportation Services Marine Transportation Services ( MTS ) formerly Northern Transportation Company Limited ( NTCL ) is a marine transportation company operating primarily in the Mackenzie River watershed of the Northwest Territories and northern Alberta , and

957-526: The sole marine shipper in the Canadian Arctic operating of out of Churchill , Manitoba . In 1959, it moved its operational headquarters from Fort Smith on the Slave River, to the town of Hay River . In 1965 NTCL purchased Yellowknife Transportation Company and Arctic Transportation to become sole commercial marine freighter in the Northwest Territories and Arctic Ocean. In 1985, NTCL was purchased by

990-420: The town are North Slavey and English. Of the population, 78.1% is 15 and older, with the median age being 32.8, slightly less than the NWT averages of 79.3% and 34.0. Oil was first seen by Alexander Mackenzie during his exploration of the river in 1789 but it was not until 1911 that an oil bearing formation was discovered. Imperial Oil , a major employer in the town, was established in the area in 1937 with

1023-525: The winter ice road , December to March, that connects with Wrigley and Fort Simpson . The most common method of travel into Norman Wells is by air via the Norman Wells Airport and the town is connected with both Yellowknife and Inuvik . Scheduled flights are provided by Canadian North and North-Wright Airways . Beginning in June 2010 and until its amalgamation with Canadian North, First Air offered

Norman Wells - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-457: The year has seen temperatures above 5 °C (41 °F). Rainfall averages 171.7 mm (6.76 in) and snowfall 161.5 cm (63.58 in). On average, there are 35.9 days between November and April, when the wind chill is equal to or below −40, which indicates that frostbite may occur within 5–10 minutes. Wind chills can drop below −48 indicating that frostbite can occur in less than 5 minutes. On 8 July 2023, Norman Wells experienced

1089-729: Was taken over by the Eldorado Gold Mines Limited and Arthur Berry was appointed manager in Edmonton . In 1944, it became a Crown corporation when its parent, then known as Eldorado Mining and Refining, was nationalized by the Government of Canada . NTCL's water freighting activities in the early years were focused on the Athabasca/Slave/Mackenzie River systems as a means to supply the Northwest Territories and northern Alberta with freight. Mineral development, commercial sawmills, wartime strategic projects (such as

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