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41-560: The Nolichucky River rises as the confluence of the North Toe River and the Cane River near the community of Huntdale, North Carolina . The stream succeeds the North Toe as the boundary between Yancey County and Mitchell County, North Carolina . Trending roughly westward, it flows along the northern base of Flattop Mountain. The gorge is especially steep on its north side. Geologically,

82-597: A tripoint . Various examples are found in the list below. A number of major cities, such as Chongqing , St. Louis , and Khartoum , arose at confluences; further examples appear in the list. Within a city, a confluence often forms a visually prominent point, so that confluences are sometimes chosen as the site of prominent public buildings or monuments, as in Koblenz , Lyon , and Winnipeg . Cities also often build parks at confluences, sometimes as projects of municipal improvement, as at Portland and Pittsburgh . In other cases,

123-414: A confluence can be divided into six distinct features which are commonly called confluence flow zones (CFZ). These include The broader field of engineering encompasses a vast assortment of subjects which concern confluences. In hydraulic civil engineering , where two or more underground culverted / artificially buried watercourses intersect, great attention should be paid to the hydrodynamic aspects of

164-619: A confluence is an industrial site, as in Philadelphia or Mannheim . Often a confluence lies in the shared floodplain of the two rivers and nothing is built on it, for example at Manaus , described below. One other way that confluences may be exploited by humans is as sacred places in religions . Rogers suggests that for the ancient peoples of the Iron Age in northwest Europe, watery locations were often sacred, especially sources and confluences. Pre-Christian Slavic peoples chose confluences as

205-482: A corresponding shift in habitat characteristics." Another science relevant to the study of confluences is chemistry , because sometimes the mixing of the waters of two streams triggers a chemical reaction, particularly in a polluted stream. The United States Geological Survey gives an example: "chemical changes occur when a stream contaminated with acid mine drainage combines with a stream with near-neutral pH water; these reactions happen very rapidly and influence

246-672: A horseshoe bend near Embreeville , where it is bridged by SR 81 and SR 107 for the first time. At the northeastern end of Embreeville Mountain, the stream emerges from a large gap and turning west-southwest is bridged by SR 81 again. Here it exits the Blue Ridge Mountains and enters the Ridge and Valley province, which is underlain primarily by sedimentary rock of the Lower Paleozoic Era. The river then continues west-southwest for several miles, paralleled by SR 107. The river leaves

287-399: A household in the county was $ 25,553, and for a family was $ 30,418. Males had a median income of $ 26,062 versus $ 18,826 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 13,881. About 18.70% of families and 22.50% of the population were below the poverty line , including 31.80% of those under age 18 and 18.70% of those age 65 or over. The novel Christy and the television series of

328-708: A point at a bend in river, where Lick Creek joins the river. From this point on, the meandering stream forms the Hamblen County–;Cocke County line. The confluence of the Nolichucky with the French Broad River occurs in the upstream portion of the Douglas Lake impoundment, caused by Douglas Dam , a World War II -era TVA project located downstream along the French Broad. The mouth of the Nolichucky lies near

369-548: A single channel . A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river ( main stem ); or where two streams meet to become the source of a river of a new name (such as the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, forming the Ohio River ); or where two separated channels of a river (forming a river island ) rejoin at the downstream end. The point of confluence where

410-439: Is a popular whitewater rafting and canoeing destination having stretches of both whitewater areas and calm water. Rainfall upstream around Mount Mitchell makes the upper section rapids ever more impressive with significant rain causing extremely big water and un-runnable routes in otherwise ordinary areas. "Frank Gentry describes such a trip through the gorge with Bob Lawson on a rubber raft. Frank says, 'I just went along for

451-735: Is used to describe the meeting of tidal or other non-riverine bodies of water, such as two canals or a canal and a lake. A one-mile (1.6 km) portion of the Industrial Canal in New Orleans accommodates the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal ; therefore those three waterways are confluent there. The term confluence can also apply to the process of merging or flowing together of other substance. For example, it may refer to

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492-402: The 2020 United States census , there were 35,999 people, 14,060 households, and 9,196 families residing in the county. As of the census of 2000, 33,565 people, 13,762 households, and 9,715 families were residing in the county. The population density was 77 people per square mile (30 people/km ). The 15,844 housing units averaged 36/sq mi (14/km ). The racial makeup of the county

533-750: The Watauga River running through Elizabethton, Tennessee in Carter County . The TVA regulates flow of the Watauga River and guarantees a minimum release schedule accommodating whitewater rafting companies during the summer season with the regular release of deep, impounded reservoir waters from behind both the Watauga Dam and the Wilbur Dam . Confluence In geography , a confluence (also: conflux ) occurs where two or more watercourses join to form

574-499: The 1770s, European frontiersmen established the "Nolichucky settlements" along the river in modern Greene County, in what was then part of Cherokee territory. These settlements were aligned with the Watauga settlements in what is now Elizabethton . As hostilities intensified in the mid-1770s between the settlers and a faction of the Cherokee, known as the " Chickamaugas ," who were opposed to

615-724: The Ebenezer Mission in Chapel Hollow, which is located off the Old Fifteenth Rd., about 5 miles (8.0 km) from Del Rio. Like all of Unionist East Tennessee, Cocke County has been overwhelmingly Republican ever since the Civil War. Since the first postwar election in 1868, Cocke County has voted for every Republican presidential candidate, even supporting William Howard Taft during the divided 1912 election. No Democratic presidential candidate has managed to receive forty percent of

656-472: The Nolichucky River. Turning more to the north, the stream is paralleled for several miles by State Route 81 , (which is also concurrent with Tennessee State Route 107 for several miles) crossing into Washington County . The river cuts between several mountains at this point, including Rich Mountain to the south and Buffalo Mountain to the north. Shortly after entering Washington County, the river makes

697-609: The agency was established by the Franklin D. Roosevelt administration during the Great Depression . The TVA continued to operate the dam for electrical power purposes until the 1970s. The degree of siltation of the reservoir , called Davy Crockett Lake , had made continued efforts to operate the facility for hydroelectric purposes impracticable. The agency retired the dam as a power source but continues to maintain it and to use it for flood control and recreational purposes. Just west of

738-663: The area is predominantly underlain by metamorphic rock of Precambrian age. The river then enters Unicoi County, Tennessee , as it drops through a whitewater gorge, flowing between the ranges of the Bald Mountains (to the south) and the Unaka Mountains (to the north). Turning northwest, the stream is bridged by the Appalachian Trail and by U.S. Highway 19W southwest of Erwin, Tennessee . Near Erwin, two tributary streams, South Indian Creek and North Indian Creek, join

779-685: The area over the mountains from the Carolinas or through Virginia from Pennsylvania and other northern states. The county was established by an Act of the Tennessee General Assembly on October 9, 1797, from a part of Greene County, Tennessee . It was named after William Cocke , one of the state's first Senators. Located within the Appalachian and Great Smoky Mountains, it had difficult conditions for early settlers. Like many East Tennessee counties, settled by yeomen farmers, Cocke County

820-581: The arrival of European settlers, the area that is now Cocke County probably was inhabited by the Cherokee . They were the most recent of a series of indigenous cultures who had occupied this country for thousands of years. The first recorded European settlement in the county was in 1783 when land near the fork of the French Broad and the Pigeon Rivers was cleared and cultivated. The earliest European settlers were primarily Scots-Irish, Dutch, and Germans who came to

861-664: The bottom of the river near the entrance to the Lost Cove Settlement , a civil-war era ghost town just upriver (and uphill) from the once-disputed Tennessee-North Carolina border. Between Poplar, North Carolina, and Unaka Springs, Tennessee, the Nolichucky River Gorge provides one of the more scenic and technical whitewater trips in the Southern United States , due in large part to its constant (and often rapid) fluctuations. The naturally flowing Nolichucky River

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902-551: The channel flows into a larger body of water may be called the river mouth . Confluences are studied in a variety of sciences. Hydrology studies the characteristic flow patterns of confluences and how they give rise to patterns of erosion, bars, and scour pools. The water flows and their consequences are often studied with mathematical models . Confluences are relevant to the distribution of living organisms (i.e., ecology ) as well; "the general pattern [downstream of confluences] of increasing stream flow and decreasing slopes drives

943-712: The county is located within the Great Smoky Mountains , and the lands are protected by the Great Smoky Mountains National Park . The northern part of the county is situated within the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians . The county's highest point is Old Black , which rises to 6,370 feet (1,940 m) in the Smokies along the county's border with North Carolina. English Mountain, a large ridge that peaks at 3,629 feet (1,106 m), dominates

984-536: The dam, the river crosses State Route 70 and SR 107 for a third and final time. Continuing almost due west, the river is bridged by U.S. Highway 321 . Just before reaching the Greene County–; Cocke County line, the river is bridged by State Route 340 . Just past this point, the river becomes the border between the counties. A few miles below this point it is bridged by Knob Creek Road. South of Interstate 81 , Greene, Cocke, and Hamblen counties come to

1025-587: The form of structural bracing. The velocities and hydraulic efficiencies should be meticulously calculated and can be altered by integrating different combinations of geometries, components such a gradients, cascades and an adequate junction angle which is sympathetic to the direction of the watercourse’s flow to minimise turbulent flow, maximise evacuation velocity and to ultimately maximise hydraulic efficiency. Since rivers often serve as political boundaries, confluences sometimes demarcate three abutting political entities, such as nations, states, or provinces, forming

1066-536: The merger of the flow of two glaciers . Cocke County, Tennessee Cocke County is a county on the eastern border of the U.S. state of Tennessee . As of the 2020 census , the population was 35,999. Its county seat is Newport . Cocke County comprises the Newport, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area , which is part of the Knoxville - Morristown - Sevierville , Tennessee Combined Statistical Area . Before

1107-710: The point where Hamblen, Cocke, and Jefferson counties meet. Near the mouth is the Rankin Wildlife Management Area, a reserve operated by the Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency . While the origins of the name-place have long been debated and remain unclear, it is believed to be derived from the name of the Cherokee village Na’na-tlu gun’yi, or "Spruce-Tree Place," that once stood near modern Jonesborough, Tennessee . Some claim that according to local lore, it means "Rushing Water(s)", "Dangerous Water(s)", or "Black Swirling Water". During

1148-701: The raft, or out of it. Man, that was a wild trip!" Inversely, a lack of adequate rainfall throughout the summer considerably increases the difficulty of navigating the pre-existing aspects of the rapids, which already tend towards being both technically difficult and challenging for rafters. These dry conditions and concomitant low water levels reveal a vast diversity of features. These hazards are ordinarily submerged during summers with normal seasonal rainfall patterns. Seasonal droughts can make rafting trips inadvisable or impassable, prompting local rafting companies in Unicoi County to sometimes divert whitewater river trips to

1189-472: The ride and a look at the scenery. Man-a-live, I didn't have time to look at anything! When that raft hit those rapids at "Rooster Tail" we were going round and round, dived into "Souse Hole", slammed into rocks here and more rocks there. Seemed like the harder you paddled the more rocks you'd hit. You'd just whirl and twirl and wham into more big boulders you hadn't even seen. Sometimes that white-faced water would stand straight up and slam you smack-kadab all over

1230-575: The roadside near Mt. Carmel . From there it flows northwest over a winding course to David Crockett Birthplace State Park near the Washington County–; Greene County line. Many tributary creeks join the river in Washington and Greene counties. At the county line, one of the larger tributaries, Big Limestone Creek, joins the river. State Route 351 crosses the river west of Crockett's birthplace. The river then flows southwestward, following

1271-409: The same name are based on historical events, people, and localities of Cocke County. The fictional small town of El Pano, where the novel begins, is based on the existing village of Del Rio, Tennessee . The fictional Cutter Gap, where most of the plot unfolds, represents the locale now known as Chapel Hollow. Several area landmarks associated with the story are marked for visitors, including the site of

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1312-535: The settlements, John Sevier , at the time a young militia officer, began overseeing the construction of Fort Lee. After an invasion was launched by Chickamauga leader Dragging Canoe in July 1776, Sevier abandoned the unfinished fort and fled to the Watauga settlements. Sevier would later acquire the nickname "Nolichucky Jack" or "Chucky Jack" for his exploits along the river and in its vicinity. Famed frontiersman Davy Crockett

1353-448: The sites for fortified triangular temples, where they practiced human sacrifice and other sacred rites. In Hinduism , the confluence of two sacred rivers often is a pilgrimage site for ritual bathing. In Pittsburgh, a number of adherents to Mayanism consider their city's confluence to be sacred. Mississippi basin Atlantic watersheds Pacific watersheds Occasionally, "confluence"

1394-613: The subsequent transport of metals downstream of the mixing zone." A natural phenomenon at confluences that is obvious even to casual observers is a difference in color between the two streams; see images in this article for several examples. According to Lynch, "the color of each river is determined by many things: type and amount of vegetation in the watershed, geological properties, dissolved chemicals, sediments and biologic content – usually algae ." Lynch also notes that color differences can persist for miles downstream before they finally blend completely. Hydrodynamic behaviour of flow in

1435-401: The system to ensure the longevity and efficiency of the structure. Engineers have to design these systems whilst considering a list of factors that ensure the discharge point is structurally stable as the entrance of the lateral culvert into the main structure may compromise the stability of the structure due to the lack of support at the discharge, this often constitutes additional supports in

1476-542: The trends of the Ridge and Valley province's underlying geology. Bridged by SR 107 again just east of Tusculum , the stream continues southwestward, later bridged by State Route 350 just above an impoundment caused by Nolichucky Dam . This dam was constructed as a hydroelectric project by the former Tennessee Electric Power Company in 1912. The dam was sold to the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in 1939, when

1517-440: The western part of the county. Cocke County is drained by the French Broad River , which traverses the northern part of the county and forms much of its boundary with Jefferson County . A portion of this river is part of Douglas Lake , an artificial reservoir created by Douglas Dam further downstream. The Pigeon River flows northward across the county and empties into the French Broad north of Newport at Irish Bottoms. As of

1558-456: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.87. In the county, the population was distributed as 22.80% under the age of 18, 8.30% from 18 to 24, 28.80% from 25 to 44, 26.40% from 45 to 64, and 13.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males. The median income for

1599-519: Was 96.16% White, 1.99% African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. About 1.05% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 13,762 households, 29.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.10% were married couples living together, 13.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.40% were not families. About 25.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.10% had someone living alone who

1640-504: Was born along the river near Limestone, Tennessee , in 1786. The site is now the focus of David Crockett Birthplace State Park. The turn of the century brought trains hauling passengers (until 1955) and mostly coal on the Clinchfield Railroad (now operated by CSX ), which still runs alongside the river through the gorge with bridged crossings at Unaka Springs (Erwin) and Poplar, North Carolina . At least one sunken railcar sits at

1681-423: Was largely pro-Union on the eve of the Civil War. In Tennessee's Ordinance of Secession referendum on June 8, 1861, the county's residents voted 1,185 to 518 against secession. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 443 square miles (1,150 km ), of which 435 square miles (1,130 km ) are land and 8.6 square miles (22 km ) (1.9%) are covered by water. The southern part of

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