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13-551: A list of the major tributaries of the Noireau: This Normandy geography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in France is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Normandy (administrative region) Normandy ( / ˈ n ɔːr m ə n d i / NOR -mən-dee ; French: Normandie [nɔʁmɑ̃di] ; Norman : Normaundie )

26-556: A system of proportional representation . The executive consists of a president and vice-presidents. Hervé Morin from the Centre party was elected president of the council in January 2016. The council is based in Caen , making Normandy one of only two regions (the other being Bourgogne-Franche-Comté ) where the prefecture and seat of local government are located in different cities. As of January 2006

39-423: Is the northwesternmost of the eighteen regions of France , roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy . Normandy is divided into five administrative departments : Calvados , Eure , Manche , Orne and Seine-Maritime . It covers 30,627 square kilometres (11,825 sq mi), comprising roughly 5% of the territory of metropolitan France . Its population of 3,322,757 accounts for around 5% of

52-533: Is the only department of Normandy not to border the English Channel . The largest town by a considerable margin is the prefecture , Alençon , which is an administrative and commercial centre for what is still an overwhelmingly rural department. There are no large industrial centres, and agriculture remains the economic focus. The inhabitants of the department are called Ornais . The recorded population level peaked at 443,688 in 1836. Declining farm incomes and

65-459: The departments of Orne , Calvados , and Manche . The modern region of Normandy was created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014 by the merger of Lower Normandy , and Upper Normandy . The new region took effect on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections in December 2015 . The Regional Council of Normandy , created on 1 January 2016, has 102 members who are elected under

78-666: The Anglo-Saxon kings , at the Battle of Hastings , while retaining the fiefdom of Normandy for himself and his descendants. In 1204, during the reign of John of England , mainland Normandy was taken from the Angevin Empire by France under King Philip II . Insular Normandy (the Channel Islands) remained, however, under English control. In 1259, Henry III of England recognized the legality of French possession of mainland Normandy under

91-531: The Treaty of Paris . In 1790 the five departments of Normandy replaced the former province. Between 1956 and 2015 Normandy was divided into two administrative regions : Lower Normandy and Upper Normandy ; the regions were merged into one single region on 1 January 2016. Upper Normandy ( Haute-Normandie ) consisted of the French departments of Seine-Maritime and Eure , and Lower Normandy ( Basse-Normandie ) of

104-452: The prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council. Normandy's name comes from the settlement of the territory by Vikings (" Northmen ") from the 9th century, and confirmed by treaty in the 10th century between King Charles III of France and the Viking jarl Rollo . Rollo's descendant William became king of England in 1066 after defeating Harold Godwinson , the last of

117-443: The lure of better prospects in the overseas empire led to a sustained reduction in population levels in many rural departments. By the time of the 1936 census, the recorded population stood at just 269,331. Once motor car ownership started to surge in the 1960s, employment opportunities became less restricted and by 1982, the population level had recovered a little to 295,000, after which it slowly decreased. The most populous commune

130-563: The population of France. The inhabitants of Normandy are known as Normans , and the region is the historic homeland of the Norman language . The neighboring regions are Hauts-de-France and Ile-de-France to the east, Centre-Val de Loire to the southeast, Pays de la Loire to the south, and Brittany to the southwest. Its prefecture and largest city is Rouen , although the regional council sits in Caen , making Normandy one of two regions in France (along with Bourgogne-Franche-Comté ) in which

143-451: The population of Normandy (including the part of Perche which lies inside the Orne département ) is estimated at 3,260,000 with an average population density of 109 inhabitants per km , just under the French national average, but rising to 147 for Upper Normandy . The main cities (population given from the 1999 census) are Rouen (518,316 in the metropolitan area), the capital since 2016 of

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156-400: The province and formerly of Upper Normandy; Caen (420,000 in the metropolitan area) and formerly the capital of Lower Normandy; Le Havre (296,773 in the metropolitan area); and Cherbourg (117,855 in the metropolitan area). Orne Orne ( French pronunciation: [ɔʁn] ; Norman : Ôrne or Orne ) is a département in the northwest of France , named after

169-522: The river Orne . It had a population of 279,942 in 2019. Orne is one of the original 83 départements created during the French Revolution , on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Normandy and Perche . It is the birthplace of Charlotte Corday , Girondist and the assassin of Jean-Paul Marat . Orne is in the region of Normandy neighbouring Eure , Eure-et-Loir , Sarthe , Manche , Mayenne , and Calvados . It

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