The Nissan Cefiro ( Japanese : 日産・セフィーロ , Hepburn : Nissan Sefīro ) is a mid-size passenger car manufactured and marketed by Nissan Motors over three generations. Almost all Cefiro's were marketed as four-door sedans, though a five-door wagon body style was briefly available (1997–2000). In most cases, the Cefiro used Nissan's VQ six-cylinder engines, named Ward's 10 Best Engines more than ten years running.
110-679: Nissan marketed the Cefiro in the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) as well as worldwide, the latter under numerous badge-engineered nameplates, including as the Nissan Maxima (North America, Australia), Samsung SM5 (Korea), Infiniti I30 and Infiniti I35 (North America) and Maxima QX (Europe, Russia). Models manufactured under license were marketed in Indonesia , Kuala Lumpur and Taiwan . The first generation Cefiro (internally designated
220-585: A multi-link beam rear suspension with a Scott Russell linkage , front and rear stabilizer bars, and speed-sensitive power rack-and-pinion steering. The Sport option included a system marketed as Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) which made engine changes and deployed a brake to inhibit sliding behavior. Specifications included 4-wheel anti-lock brakes, electronic brake force distribution, brake assist, 4-speed electronically controlled automatic transmission; and an electronic traction control system, and engine-speed-sensitive power-assisted rack-and-pinion steering, now with
330-431: A non-tariff barrier . An additional problem was that the repetitive sound could induce sleep in drowsy drivers. Some models used electromechanical glockenspiel -type systems, while other models used a buzzer. Due to that, nickname for speed chime is kinkon (キンコン), an onomatopoeia for a clanging sound. Several manufacturers continued to offer speed chimes as an option until the early 2000s. The last vehicle to come with
440-407: A vehicle identification number as is common overseas. Instead, they use either a frame number, chassis number, or vehicle ID number and also a model code as well as an emissions code to identify their vehicles. The frame number identifies the vehicles model and serial number. For example, frame number SV30-0169266 breaks down as "SV30" identifying the model as Toyota Camry/Vista and "0169266" being
550-566: A 40' turning radius. Interior features included leather-appointed seats (marketed as Sojourner premium leather, at least in one instance reportedly developed in Florence, Italy) with seatback embroidered Infiniti logo (2003-2004); simulated birdseye maple accents on the center console (expanded to include vertical ashtray and surround 2003-2004) and leather-wrapped tilt steering wheel, eight-way power-adjustable driver seat with manual lumbar support; driver's seat automatic entry/exit system that moves
660-674: A Bose 200-watt, 7-speaker premium audio system with AM/FM in-dash 6-disc CD changer, steering wheel audio controls, speed-sensitive volume control, radio RDS function and dual in-glass diversity antennas; power-operated rear sunshade, 8-way power driver's seat and 4-way power passenger's seat; High Intensity Discharge (HID) xenon headlights, body-color outside door handles; electromagnetic trunk and fuel door release, remote keyless entry with fob-operated front window auto-down and key operated up/down; retained accessory power; automatic anti-glare rearview mirror with integrated digital compass, and lockable split- folding rear seats. Options groups included
770-587: A Vehicle Property Tax ( Imposto sobre a Propriedade de Veículos Automotores ), with a rate up to 4%. The Costa Rican car property tax, commonly referred to as Marchamo , is among the highest in Latin America, with rates that can go up to 3.5% of the fiscal value of the vehicle yearly. When compared to the Costa Rican minimum wage (₡331,516.22 a month, equivalent to US$ 597.33), the tax on an average US$ 15,000 (₡8,600,000) car can be ₡302,000 (US$ 525), or 80% to 120% of
880-471: A boom hit among small workshops and mostly being supplied by local manufacturers in the Philippines which they made Philippine Jeepneys since the 1980s. Popular truck engines being supplied are Isuzu & Mitsubishi Fuso Canter, sometimes, depending from the local clients, they often requested to supply diesel engines from Mazda and Nissan to install them not just for jeepneys, but also called as AUV which
990-474: A car that would cost US$ 7,500 to purchase (in the United States) for seven years can result in the owner paying up to US$ 29,595 in total taxes (around US$ 4,227.85 a year). The Ministry of Finance also has the right to step up the fiscal value of a car, effectively a negative depreciation. In France, the vignette was abolished for private vehicles in 2001 and was replaced by a tax on toll-road operators at
1100-608: A dealer accessory on the non-Touring I30. Nissan updated the I30 for model year 2002 as the I35 (A33) for its Infiniti luxury division, launching the model with an estimated $ 40 million advertising campaign beginning in September 2001. Sales began on September 12, 2001 at 150 retailers across the United States, continuing its role as a badge engineered Cefiro positioned above another Cefiro variant,
1210-460: A disadvantage). A supplementary annual fee has to be paid for cars that run on LPG/CNG (0-799cc: €84/year, 800–2,499cc; €148/year and >2,500cc: €208/year) to compensate financial loss for the state due to the absence of excise at the pump. In Brazil, the states may collect an annual Vehicle Licensing Fee ( Taxa de Licenciamento Veicular ) which has a fixed value for each vehicle category determined by each state. In addition, each state may impose
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#17328583391021320-550: A driver exceeds 105 km/h (65 mph) for standard cars and 85 km/h (53 mph) for kei cars . This speed chime was first mandated on November 21, 1974, according to Article 1 of the "Ministerial Ordinance for Partial Revision of Safety Standards for Road Transport Vehicles". Under pressure from the United States and other foreign producers, this requirement was removed in 1986 with "Ministerial Ordinance for Partial Revision of Safety Standards for Road Transport Vehicles" (Ministry of Transport Ordinance No. 3 of 1986) as being
1430-504: A fine of 50,000 pesos (approx. $ 1,000). And most of the used buses from Japan in Manila, Philippines are mostly operating within the city and intercity travel which are at least 10 years of age after being phased out in Japan. As early also in the 1990s, there is no exception that there will be a Japanese domestic market trucks to be called as "Japan Surplus Trucks" for auction & export to any of
1540-834: A heated steering wheel and heated rear seats. Individual options included 8-spoke chrome-finished 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels; navigation system with power-retractable color LCD screen, trunk-mounted 6-disc CD autochanger; side sill extensions: side rocker sill moldings, rear spoiler and a full-size spare tire with aluminum-alloy wheel (reducing available cargo room). Exterior colors included Brilliant Silver (silver, 2002-2004), Ivory Pearl (white, 2002-2004), Golden Sand (light gold, 2002-2004), Black Obsidian (black, 2002-2004), Midnight Blue (dark metallic blue, 2002-2004), Millennium Jade (light metallic green, 2002-2003), Royal Ruby (dark maroon, 2002), Autumn Bronze (brown, 2002-2004), Diamond Graphite (dark gray metallic, 2003-2004), Desert Platinum metallic (medium gold, 2004). Interior "Sojourner" leather
1650-478: A month's pay. Even though Costa Ricans receive a yearly bonus equivalent to a month's salary, the property tax negates this for most car owners, which has led to calls for tax law reform. Opponents to the car property tax argue that common cars already pay 100% tariff when imported, meaning that a car in Costa Rica is twice as expensive as in the country of origin. Additionally, gas refills include 65% fuel tax. Owning
1760-424: A motorised vehicle to use it on a public road . All states and territories require an annual vehicle registration fee to be paid in order to use a vehicle on public roads; the cost of which varies from state to state and is dependent on the type of vehicle. The fee is known colloquially as 'rego' (pronounced with a soft g , short for registration). Queensland road tax is based on the number of cylinders or rotors
1870-419: A number of import specialists sprung up to cater for this "grey import" market of relatively inexpensive but interesting motorcycles. In the later '90s as Japan's economy fell into recession it became less profitable to export and Japanese owners held on to their bikes for longer. The last global crash all but ended the "grey import" industry with the big specialist importers closing down. Cars manufactured for
1980-400: A per use fee is collected via an electronic free flow tolling system (Number plate detection). A Clean Car Standard is in place, which charges fees to importers of road vehicles which exceed a defined fleet average emissions value. Previously, a Clean Car Discount was levied on high fuel consumption vehicles, nicknamed a "ute tax", to cross-subsidise electric and fuel-efficient vehicles. This
2090-435: A power moon roof. By 2004, Nissan introduced another new trim called "300EX". The "300EX" is now powered by Nissan's 3.0-litre VQ30DE V6 engine paired to a standard automatic transmission with sport mode. It featured different wheel designs, leather interior & seats, keyless entry, rear armrests, rear aircon vents, factory fitted alarm, immobilizer, power rear windshield sun visor, among other features. Infiniti launched
2200-843: A rate of €6.85 per 1,000 kilometres travelled. In addition, a tax is levied on vehicles registered to companies. Since 2006, the tax is levied according to CO 2 emissions ranging from €2 per gramme to €19 per gramme. In Germany, the Motor Vehicle tax ( Kraftfahrzeugsteuer ) is an annual tax on all vehicles. It ranges from €5 per 100cc to €25 per 100cc for petrol engines and €13 to €37 for diesel engines. Vehicles first registered before June 30, 2009 are taxed according to engine displacement and national/European emission class , whereas vehicles which were registered after that date are taxed solely based on CO 2 emission in grams per km (g CO 2 /km). An on-line tax calculator has been made available. The CO2 Price ist up to 4 Euros per gram. In Hong Kong,
2310-591: A shorter wheelbase, and replaced the Nissan Stanza . Brand new, the Cefiro was slightly more expensive than the equivalent Nissan Skyline/Laurel and benefited from Project 901 offered for the first time projector beam headlights, automatic tinting rear vision cabin mirror , electrically adjustable seats , automatic headlights, and steering wheel mounted radio controls. HICAS-II four-wheel steering, " Super Sonic Suspension " or ATTESA E-TS suspension packages could be ordered separately but not combined. The suspension
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#17328583391022420-521: A term colloquially to refer to cars produced in Japan but sold in other countries. JDM does not necessarily refer to the market that the vehicle is destined for. The average age of JDM cars is 8.7 years, ranking 9th in a survey of 30 of the top 50 countries by gross domestic product . According to the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile , a car in Japan travels a yearly average of over only 9,300 kilometres (5,800 mi), less than half
2530-647: A top speed of 300 km/h (186 mph), limits imposed by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association ( JAMA ) for safety. The horsepower limit was lifted in 2004 but the speed limit of 180 km/h (112 mph) remains. For many years Japan had severe restrictions on the maximum power and speed that motorcycles could have. All motorcycles for the Japanese domestic market were restricted to 180 km/h (112 mph). Power restrictions were as follows Japanese carmakers do not use
2640-446: A variable induction system, a silent timing chain, an electronically controlled throttle, micro-finished crank journals and cam lobes, molybdenum-coated lightweight pistons, a resin intake collector, digital knock control, six individual coils (one per spark plug), a cross-flow coolant pattern, electronically controlled fluid mounts, and double platinum-tipped spark plugs. The I35 featured MacPherson strut and coil spring front suspension,
2750-406: A vehicle is considered vintage 30 years after the date of its first registration. Combustion engine cars base purchase tax is 83% plus 7% customs tax for manufacturers from countries with no treaty with Israel plus VAT of 17% and optional "prestige tax" of 2.9% to 18% for high cost cars. This brings total tax on a new car to around 100%. Hybrid engine cars base tax is 45%, and electric cars base tax
2860-410: A weight tax. In India, road tax is imposed by the respective state governments (lifetime and also annual for commercial vehicles) also, further there could be toll for specific usage of roads (charge depends on distance, type, etc.). At the time of purchase of the vehicle, the government levies GST (Goods & Services Tax) at the rate of 28% and additional cess is levied based on the cubic capacity of
2970-556: Is 10%. "How come Tesla is so cheap" . As of 2023, road taxes in Italy are classified by tax horsepower and European emission standards . A tax is collected under the Local Tax Act of 1950 that is paid every May based on the vehicle's engine's displacement . The tax is then determined by whether the vehicle is for business or personal use. Brackets are determined based on exterior dimensions and engine displacement as defined under
3080-468: Is about thrice as expensive as an ordinary used Japanese domestic truck units. Auctioneers in the Philippines also started importing trucks in the 1990s and it had been a staple for every small to medium business enterprise owner particularly in the logistics industry to support and to grow their respective businesses as well aside from being cheap than buying new ones, but also really proven that they are built to last. Another category for Japanese trucks are
3190-624: Is applied to each vehicle. In 2013, as an example, the annual tax for a BMW 330D 2004 model was €224. In Malaysia, the latest road tax information and calculations is different in East Malaysia and West Malaysia, which the former in general has lower rate than the latter because of the poor geographical condition and road surface. Besides, within both the two areas, the tax amount also varies according to car variants as well as engine capacity. Private cars are classified as ‘saloon’ vehicles such as hatchbacks, convertibles and sedans, whose road tax rate
3300-401: Is applied to the vehicle based on its weight and fuel type, and the region. Electric vehicles and classic cars over forty years old are exempt from road tax. In Nepal, vehicle tax is collected by Transport Management Offices and Transport Management Service Offices. These offices come under Province governments. Hence vehicle tax is charged in different provinces in different rates. However,
3410-565: Is becoming more dominating mostly coming from China and so forth. Most of these items depending on the condition. In the early 1990s, Ex-Japanese buses had been rising popular and been common in the developing cities across Asia such as Manila , Philippines, Jakarta , Indonesia & even Yangon , Myanmar. Like in the Philippines, direct importers near ports in Subic, Zambales & Cagayan Valley have started their auction business to import quality vehicles preferably from Japan. And then so, most of
Nissan Cefiro - Misplaced Pages Continue
3520-455: Is being used for daily commercial use or can be for private use who often they don't have enough budget than buying a brand-new AUVs offered in the Philippine market during those times such as Toyota Kijang , Mitsubishi Adventure , Mitsubishi L300 van or even Isuzu Crosswind For a couple of decades, JDM specification model of vehicles often included a speed chime ( ja:速度警告音 ) which rings when
3630-406: Is different from non-saloon vehicles such as MPV, SUV or pickup trucks. Also, "company-registered saloon" will have to pay higher tax than the "private-registered saloon" for the same engine displacement. Which does not applied to 'non-saloon'. Until 2011, the federal government charged an annual vehicle tax, Tenencia Vehicular , depending on the value and other vehicle characteristics. Although
3740-425: Is in compliance with the Philippine traffic law called Republic Act No. 8506 entitled "An act banning the registration and operation of vehicles with right-hand steering wheel in any private or public street, road or highway, providing penalties therefor and for other purposes." A violation of this law is punished by imprisonment for a period from two years, four months, and one day, up to four years and two months, plus
3850-509: Is now largely unavailable), have road tax collected at source, and as such, the retail price of such fuels contains Road tax. Refunds are available on the tax component of fuel used commercially offroad (i.e. Commercial lawnmowing), and fuel used in vehicles paying RUC's (i.e. USA sourced motorhome over 3500kg with petrol engine). Of note, refunds are not available for most non commercial use (such as recreational boating). Fuels (Petroleum (incl ethanol belnds), Diesel & Biodiesel), sold in
3960-409: Is one of the known countries outside Japan to set up a retail outlet called, "Japan Surplus Shop" which is found in most towns of the country. They used to sell used appliances, furnitures, gadgets, accessories, and even bicycles designed for women, are still much more preferred by local buyers because of being more affordable than buying those newly locally made home furnitures, or even new gadgets which
4070-468: Is powered by Nissan's 2.0-litre VQ20DE V6 engine paired to a 4-speed automatic transmission. In 2000, Nissan introduced an all-new trim, "Brougham VIP," borrowed from the Nissan Cedric and Gloria top-trim level packages. The "Brougham VIP" is powered by the same 2.0L V6 engine mated to a 4-speed automatic transmission. It featured a redesigned grill, headlight & taillight. By 2002, a new "Elite" trim
4180-459: Is proposal to have uniform rules and also tariffs across the country in line with the government's initiative of having "One Nation-One Tax". In these days, in India there is a movement called "Digital India" in which every type of work related to every department is getting digitalized and "Ministry of Road Transport & Highways" has created a portal called "Vahan" for online road tax payment to ease
4290-408: Is really needed for a major upgrade and sign their agreement that the recipient of the oversea country will pay for its freight expenses and the rest will be free. Here are different categories of used rolling stocks listed which were mostly shipped and operated overseas in different countries. Outside of Japan, there are various shops which they sell various kinds of used items from Japan. Philippines
4400-537: Is the code JHMEEG6 on the European Civic VTi models and E-EG6 on the Japanese fifth generation Civic SiR trims. Correct identification of the chassis code using these markers would help prove the authenticity of the model. In the '90s the JDM power restrictions along with license restrictions that made it difficult to be licensed on larger motorcycles resulted in a number of models that were not offered anywhere else in
4510-406: Is the tax bracket for buses , or vehicles designed to carry many passengers. The vehicle operating tax on cars first registered after January 1, 2005 that have registration certificates with information on total weight, engine volume and engine maximum power, shall be paid by summing up tax rates according to total weight, engine volume and engine maximum power of the car as follows: An annual tax
Nissan Cefiro - Misplaced Pages Continue
4620-633: The Cefiro nameplate - derived from the name given in Greek mythology to the god of "the wind from the west" - in 1988; the nameplate was officially retired in 2012. Most of the information in this section was translated from the Nissan Cefiro article on Japanese Misplaced Pages at ja:日産・セフィーロ . Nissan released the A31 series Cefiro sedan to Japan on September 1, 1988, sharing its transmission, chassis, engine and suspension with
4730-504: The Lancer Evolution and EK9 Type R models. These reinforcements are not present on base model sixth generation hatchbacks and Mitsubishi Lancers . Hence, replicas or conversions would be similar from a visual standpoint only, as they lack the same level of structural rigidity as the original counterpart. Road tax#Japan Road tax , known by various names around the world, is a tax which has to be paid on, or included with,
4840-593: The Maxima badge. The A32 was marketed as the "Nissan Maxima QX" in Europe. The 2- and 3-liter engines were offered in export markets, while the mid-range 2.5 was only available in the home market. The Cefiro received a light facelift in January 1997, including new multi-reflector head- and taillights. Sportier models received black backing in the headlamps, while more comfort-oriented versions were chromed. There were also minor changes to
4950-660: The Sunroof and Sunshade Package with moonroof (with variable control switch in place of a rocker-type switch) and rear power sunshade (optional 2002-2003, standard equipment 2004); Cold Weather Package with heated front (and rear, Canada) seats, leather-wrapped heated steering wheel (with deleted simulated maple accents) and heated outside mirrors with timer; and Sport package with 8-spoke champagne-tinted 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheels and P225/50R17 V-rated tires, Vehicle Dynamic Control, sport-tuned suspension and side sill extensions. Canadian I35 content varied, including as standard equipment
5060-399: The dimension regulations . The tax to be paid is then based on the engine's displacement starting with engines below 1,000 cc, and increasing at 500 cc intervals to a top bracket of 6,000 cc and above. Personal vehicles pay more than vehicles identified as business use. If the car has been certified as a low-emissions vehicle, under the Japanese low-emission vehicle certification system ,
5170-409: The 1500 cc version of their compact cars to Hong Kong market such as Toyota Corolla and Nissan Tiida . Both of these two cars only have 1500 cc version available. By engine displacement: In Hungary, since 2009, this tax is based on the vehicle's engine performance and the vehicle's age. Before this so-called performance tax, this tax was based on the vehicle's weight and unofficially it was called
5280-553: The 1970s. The model code "A31" was chosen as the number combination "A30" was previously used by the 1967–1971 Nissan Gloria soon after Nissan had merged with the Prince Motor Company . The Cefiro took the top-level position at Nissan Satio Store as its exterior dimensions were the same as the luxury sedans Nissan Cedric (exclusive to Nissan Store ) and the Nissan Gloria (exclusive to Nissan Prince Store ) locations on
5390-692: The 2003 Honda Inspire featured the first application of Honda's Variable Cylinder Management . However, the 2003 Honda Accord V6, which was the same basic vehicle, primarily intended for the North American market, did not feature VCM, which had a poor reputation after Cadillac's attempt in the 1980s with the V8-6-4 engine. VCM was successfully introduced to the Accord V6 in its redesign for 2008. In 1988, JDM cars were limited by voluntary self-restraints among manufacturers to 280 PS (276 hp; 206 kW) and
5500-504: The 3.0-liter VQ30DE V6 engine producing 190 hp (142 kW) with the North American Maxima. Revisions to the I30 over the generation included revised tail lights and trunk garnish. The Touring model, I30t, gained five-spoke alloy wheels, more firm suspension tuning, and a spoiler and BBS wheels. A small number of first-generation I30s had five-speed manual transmissions , many with VLSD . An in-dash hands-free car phone
5610-497: The A31 with revised tail lights, center console, grill, and cabin fabrics. Also available from 1990 were "SE" models, featuring revised taillights, a silver grill, revised bumpers, a center console, and an updated interior. Nissan debuted the A32 series Cefiro for the domestic Japanese market in August 1994. Generally, the A32 was only badged as the Cefiro for the JDM; exported A32s often carried
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#17328583391025720-543: The A31, 1988-1994), used rear-wheel drive; offered four- and six-cylinder engines; and became popular in motorsport drifting . The second generation (A32, 1995-1998) and third generation (A33, 1995-2004) used exclusively a front-wheel drive and V6 engine drivetrain. After the A31, A32 and A33 generations, Nissan would also later use the Cefiro nameplate on examples of its first generation Teana (J31) sedan — exported to Asian and Latin American markets. Nissan began using
5830-558: The A33 as the Nissan Maxima QX with the 2.0 and 3.0 V6 engines, producing 140 and 200 PS (103 and 147 kW) respectively. In most Southeast Asian countries, the A33 was manufactured until 2008 as the 3.0 Brougham VIP and Excimo 2.0 G under license by Edaran Tan Chong Motor Sdn Bhd in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia . In Taiwan , the A33 version was manufactured by Yulon and marketed as
5940-680: The Auckland region have an additional regional fuel tax applied. This is proposed to be removed on 30 June 2024. Non exempt vehicles using fuels not taxed at source (such as Diesel & Hydrogen), or over 3500kg Gross Laden Weight pay road user charges (RUC) by distance travelled and vehicle weight & configuration band. All light vehicles are in the same 3500kg or Less GVM are in same weight band, but rates are highly varied for heavy vehicles based on vehicle type, weight and axle configuration. Several exemptions apply to RUC's above New Zealand has three toll roads. These are publicly owned, and
6050-570: The Caribbean. Ghandhara Nissan in Karachi , Pakistan, was the last plant using the Cefiro name when it was replaced by the Nissan Teana J32 in late 2012. Japanese Domestic Market The term " Japanese domestic market " (" JDM ") refers to Japan 's home market for vehicles and vehicle parts. Japanese owners contend with a strict motor vehicle inspection and grey markets. JDM is also used as
6160-627: The Cefiro A31 in Latin America, Turkey, Gulf States and other Eurasian countries as the Nissan Laurel Altima – in most export markets this slot was replaced by the Nissan Maxima . Unlike the Japanese versions, export models are fitted with a carbureted single cam CA20S inline-four producing 102 hp (76 kW) and RB24 engine which was a single-cam 2.4-liter RB inline-six producing 141 hp (105 kW). 1990 Nissan facelifted
6270-722: The Cefiro as a comparable fourth alternative to the Laurel, Skyline, and Leopard models, selling each vehicle at a separate Nissan dealership ( Nissan Store for the Laurel and the Leopard coupe, Nissan Prince Store for the Skyline, and Nissan Satio Store for the Cefiro). This marketing approach of offering four different versions of the exact vehicle was used earlier with the Nissan Bluebird/Auster/Stanza/Violet RWD sedans during
6380-558: The Cefiro in North America as the Infiniti I30 for model year 1996, manufactured at Oppama , Japan (where the Maxima was built), commencing June 27, 1995. To reduce ambiguity in the nameplate, the rear I30 emblem used two fonts: a cursive letter "I" combined with a serif font for the "30", eliminating the possibility the emblem would be read as 130". As Infiniti's top seller then,
6490-612: The Cefiro, the last Nissan Cefiro manufactured by Yulon. In Iran , Pars Khodro manufactured the A33 under license from 2002 to 2012, under the Maxima nameplate. In Indonesia , versions were marketed from 2000 to 2002 as the Infiniti I30 Standard and Touring. Later models from 2002 to 2003 was marketed as Nissan Cefiro 3.0 Brougham VIP. Infiniti based the MY 2000 I30 on the A33 Cefiro. Engine power increased to 227 hp (169 kW) and
6600-539: The I30 was the brand's all-new mid-level model, replacing the Infiniti J30 . The I30 was positioned between the top-level, all-new Infiniti Q45 , and all-new entry-level Primera-based Infiniti G20 . The Infiniti I30 was also marketed in South Korea and Indonesia. In January 1997, the Cefiro "Brown Selection" was added to the lineup in Japan, equipped with the I30's chromed front grille and a brown interior. The I30 shared
6710-660: The I35, standard tires increased from 16" to 17", and the turning radius increased from 35.4 to 40.0 feet. The exterior and interior were designed at the Nissan Technical Center (NTC) in Atsugi, Japan. The I35 featured a coefficient of drag of .31 (.30 where equipped with a rear spoiler), an interior passenger volume of 120 cubic feet, and a 62/38 front/rear weight bias. Manufacture continued at Nissan's Oppama Plant . The modular VQ engine design featured continuous valve timing control,
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#17328583391026820-457: The Japanese domestic market have been growing in popularity since the late 1990s. Ex-Japan Imports are also very common in New Zealand where 59% of vehicles registered on New Zealand roads originated from overseas markets as opposed to 41% of which were delivered NZ-New. Of this, 94% originate from Japan. New Zealand imported an average of 134,834 JDM vehicles per year in the period 2015–2019,
6930-565: The Japanese government passed a law creating the Automobile Weight Tax (in Japanese) . It was modified on 31 March 2010, and the next day, on 1 April 2010. The tax is paid every year in conjunction with the engine displacement based road tax. The weight determination is made in tonnes . As of 1 April 2010, the tax requirements are as follows. The determination of whether the vehicle is for business or personal use has been added, similar to
7040-603: The New Zealand Ministry of Transport is currently investigating tougher restrictions on imported vehicles, most notably on the importation of the Toyota Corolla, Mazda 2 (Demio) and Suzuki Swift. In 2004, importing JDM cars became popular in Canada as highly sought after vehicles, such as the 1989 Nissan Skyline GT-R , became eligible to import under Canada's 15-year rule. In contrast, importing grey market vehicles into
7150-547: The North American Maxima (A33B). The I35 nameplate reflected the new engine, a 3.5 liter VQ35DE V6, producing 255 hp (190 kW) and teamed with a four-speed automatic transmission. Other revisions from its predecessor included the painted (rather than chromed) door handles, horizontal front grill, high-intensity xenon headlights , standard fog lights, revised trunk lid, combination lamps, larger badging, and low-restriction exhaust with chrome finishers. With
7260-517: The R32 Skyline , F31 Leopard , and C33 Laurel — except the diesel engine, which was available only in the Laurel. The ATTESA E-TS AWD drivetrain was offered after the mid-model refresh and was borrowed from the Skyline, which the Laurel traditionally shared. The Cefiro rivaled the Toyota Mark II , the luxurious Toyota Cresta and performance Toyota Chaser triplets, with Nissan offering
7370-489: The Road Vehicle Law for speed indicator light is as following (modified and also translated): Patterns for speed indicator is as following: Enacted in 1967, this obligatory speed indicator light has proved a non-tariff barrier for European and American manufacturers. Imported heavy-duty trucks had to be modified to meet this certification requirement. Additionally, most people on Japanese roads never knew how to interpret
7480-432: The U.S. average of 19,200 kilometres (11,900 mi). Japanese domestic market vehicles may differ greatly from the cars that Japanese manufacturers build for export and vehicles derived from the same platforms built in other countries. The Japanese car owner looks more toward innovation than long-term ownership which forces Japanese carmakers to refine new technologies and designs first in domestic vehicles. For instance,
7590-585: The United States is much more difficult. To avoid regulatory problems, most private individuals wait until EPA restrictions no longer apply to the desired vehicle, which is done on a rolling 25-year cycle. Ex-Japan import rolling stocks in all kinds is no exception on this list, although it can be considered as JDM but in special case since this was also intended for Japanese market which were mostly acquired by leading private railway companies across Japan such as Japan Railways , even subways such as Tokyo Metro , Tokyu Corporation , Toei Subway and so forth which
7700-432: The age limit to be phasing out. Japanese domestic market trucks, or 'surplus trucks' after being phased-out in Japan, are extremely popular in the Philippines such as Isuzu Elf , Isuzu Forward , Isuzu Giga , Mitsubishi Canter , Mitsubishi Fuso Super Great & Hino Profia since they are popularly cheaper than buying a brand-new Japanese trucks which are locally distributed and even brand-new trucks from China which
7810-515: The annual tax levy was based on the engine size, and was ranging from €199 pa for <1,000 cc to €1,809 for >3,001 cc . Private cars registered after July 2008 are taxed at the tax rates based on the vehicle's carbon dioxide emissions . The tax bands for CO 2 emissions range from €120 pa for 0-80 g/km to €2,350 pa for >225 g/km. Commercial vehicle tax is based on GVW , regardless of engine size or CO 2 emissions, and range from €333 to €900 pa . Vintage vehicles are taxed at €56 pa ;
7920-410: The availability of a rear sunshade, and standard drivers seat memory. The I30t ("touring"), equipped included High-Intensity Discharge (HID) xenon headlamps with darker colored headlamp surrounds, a viscous limited-slip differential , larger 17" wheels, and the availability of a Sport Package which consisted of a rear decklid-mounted spoiler and side-sill body extensions. The rear spoiler was offered as
8030-478: The basic criteria are set by federal law, which is same for all provinces. Owner has to pay tax in every fiscal year as per the rates determined in fiscal act passed by Province Assembly for that fiscal year. The owner has to pay tax before the renewal date or April 15 of every fiscal year, whichever comes first. There is no penalty for paying tax within 3 months after deadline. Then, 5% fine is applied within one month, 10% for subsequent one and half month, then 20% for
8140-551: The bird's wings blurred. The action then slowed, the voice of actress Natasha Richardson advised the viewer 'not to blink' — and the action returned to full-speed. The ad closed with the tagline, "More Power, More Grace, More I... the new I35, from Infiniti." Nissan discontinued the Cefiro in 2003, later using the nameplate on the Nissan Teana (J31), exported to Hong Kong, Nepal, Bangladesh, Singapore, Brunei, Latin America and
8250-402: The car produces, the higher the fee will be. Every year, the plate number owner has to pay the annual road tax contribution. This tax is based on the engine displacement (0-799cc = fiscal HP 4, above 800cc each 200cc is one class higher). Due to CO 2 -based regulations, diesel cars with above average displacement (>2,000cc) are favoured, and petrol cars with bigger displacements are put at
8360-467: The clients who are mostly operating bus companies based in Manila, Philippines began their interest to grow their transport business thru buying Japan surplus buses from all cities in Japan which are definitely cheaper than buying brand-new ones which are mostly imported from other countries and some are locally assembled coach bodies but still at an expensive price. Used buses like in the Philippines also requires to convert from RHD to LHD conversion which
8470-527: The developing cities in Asia and even including Russia . Most of the Japanese domestic market trucks that have been exported are Isuzu , Mitsubishi Fuso , Hino and some are Nissan Diesel . These trucks are also proven much reliable and durable since domestic trucks in Japan has no exception for the 10 to 15 year phased out due to the compliance of Japan's existing traffic & environmental regulations and also to avoid any taxes once any domestic truck unit surpassed
8580-407: The engine displacement regulations: The following is the tax rates for passenger vehicles used for both personal and business use, incremented by 500 cc engine displacement. The following table is the tax bracket for lorries or vehicles built with a load carrying section without seats and a single bench seat in the front of the vehicle in an enclosed passenger compartment. The following table
8690-413: The engine of the vehicle(1% for small cars with CC< 1200 CC, 3% for CC between 1200 and 1500 CC, 15% for above 1500 CC). Electric cars are levied lower tax of 5%. The motor vehicles tax (called road tax) is calculated on the basis of various factors including engine capacity, seating capacity, unladen weight and cost price. Each state has different rules and regulations for charging the road tax. There
8800-532: The fiscal year and 32% after the fiscal year. Vehicle tax rate is dependent on displacement capacity (cc) of engine, Vehicle type (private or government or rented or corporates or tourist use) and size of vehicle (Motorcycle, Car, Jeep, delivery Van and so on.) Income tax is also collected from vehicle registered for rent every year. The rate is determined by Income Tax Act. Vehicle Registration fee, renew fee, vehicle fitness test fee, pollution test fee, route permit fee and other applicable fees are also collected as per
8910-586: The interior and the trim around the door frames, while ABS and airbags became standard across the range in the home market. The A32's character changed with its new front-wheel drive configuration and Nissan's VQ six-cylinder engines. Four-wheel drive was not available in this and the next generation. The JDM Cefiro was also offered as a wagon beginning in June 1997 as an alternative to the Toyota Mark II Qualis . The Cefiro Wagon (WA32) continued to be produced after
9020-484: The licence fee is according to the category (passenger cars, goods vehicles, taxis, etc.) of the vehicle first. Then, for passenger cars (known as private cars), it is calculated by the engine size. The lowest tax band is under 1500 cc, then the tax band changes at 2500 cc, 3500 cc and 4500 cc. Due to this system of license fee, most of 1600 cc to 1800 cc car models do not sell well. Most people prefer 1500 cc for compact cars. Due to this reason, some manufacturers provide only
9130-431: The majority of which were Mazda 3 (Axela), Suzuki Swift , Nissan Tiida , Toyota Corolla and Mazda 2 (Demio). Other models popular for importation in previous years include exotic vehicles ( Honda Torneo , Nissan Skyline , Nissan Laurel and Toyota Altezza ), and kei cars ( Suzuki Carry , Daihatsu Move , Subaru R2 ). Due to the popularity of used imports from Japan, and their relatively poor crash-test ratings,
9240-486: The manual transmission was no longer offered in North America (it remained available in the Middle East). Compared to the similar Nissan Maxima, the I30 included a more powerful engine with a variable capacity muffler and an additional fenderwell air intake, different front and rear body styling, gauge cluster design, a foot-pedal parking brake (as compared to the Maxima's center console mounted lever), center dashboard design,
9350-570: The moderately high annual road tax bill to Japanese buyers. However, the exterior dimensions and engine displacement (on models equipped with 2.0L engines) remained within "compact" class size regulations , keeping demand high. The Cefiro was marketed towards affluent married couples without children during the years before the " bubble economy " began. The Cefiro could be customized and ordered from several combinations of engines, suspensions, transmissions, interior fabrics, interior colors, and exterior colors according to their preferences. Also available
9460-626: The necessary parts, right down to the cutting of the floor pan, and create a Lancer Evolution copy. However, cars such as this would not be authentic JDM cars as they would possess a United States vehicle identification number . It is also to be noted that, even with such modifications, it is impossible to recreate the running performance of the original car, as there are many engineering aspects which cannot be replicated by means of "conversion" alone. A good example would be body strengthening methods using spot welding and extra reinforcement on strut mounting points, stress areas in joints, etc. as found in
9570-458: The pain of paying of taxes to the government in offline mode. It is a very smooth experience to pay such taxes from home and saving time. Vehicle registration tax applies to all new car registrations as well as imports. VRT for private cars is based on CO 2 emissions as well as NO x emissions. Motor tax is payable as an annual duty (subject to exemptions) in Ireland . Prior to 2008,
9680-493: The provisions of Chapter 3 of the Road Vehicle Law. The speed indicator light is only mandated for large trucks and is not necessary for small and medium-sized trucks and large buses, but installation on these vehicles are not prohibited. Speed indicator is installed in front of the cab, or up in the roof. Article 48 of the Ministerial Ordinance "Safety Standards for Road Vehicles" based on the provisions of Chapter 3 of
9790-484: The required parts such as the engine and gearbox from the JDM EK9 Type R - which is based on the same platform - in order to make an 'exact' copy. Other forms of "JDM Conversions" include converting a USDM model first generation Subaru Impreza and fitting JDM STi parts to make it seem as if it is a genuine WRX STi model. In Southeast Asia, it is common practice to convert a base model Mitsubishi Lancer and swap out
9900-815: The seat fore/aft on entry/exit; 14.9 cubic feet trunk capacity; trunk-mounted first aid kit and emergency inside trunk-release; temporary spare tire ; automatic temperature control system, driver's two position seat memory with entry/exit assist system, analog clock, HVAC microfilter ventilation system with reusable, washable filter, titanium-color accented gated shifter with simulated birdseye maple gearshift knob, front seatback pockets, electro-luminescent instrument cluster with multi-function trip computer, universal transceiver with rolling code feature, cruise control with steering wheel-mounted controls, automatic anti-glare rear view mirror with compass; stainless steel sill plates and an optional navigation system with dash-mounted power flip-up monitor. Standard equipment also included
10010-627: The sedan's discontinuation, only being eliminated in August 2000. In Taiwan, the Cefiro A32 was manufactured by Yulon under the Nissan brand. Most Southeast Asian countries (for example, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand) adopted the Cefiro name. In South Korea, it was badge engineered and introduced as the Renault Samsung SM5 . In the Philippines, the Cefiro A32 replaced the A31 Cefiro in 1997. It
10120-403: The serial number of the vehicle. The model code designates the vehicle's model number and features. As an example, ST205-BLMVZ breaks down as "ST205", which means it is a third generation Toyota Celica GT-FOUR , and "BLMVZ" which designates a set of features incorporated in the vehicle. The Emissions Code refers to the vehicle's designated emission standard at the time, usually being placed before
10230-451: The smallest ones, or to be called as kei truck , they are also extremely popular in the Philippines once again to be called as " multicab " which are often reconditioned & converted to any public transportation vehicle like jeepney since they are lighter, more economical, more environmentally friendly than the conventional Philippine jeepneys which are mostly powered by used diesel engines from Japan. Truck engines from Japan also became
10340-402: The specification sheet affixed to the inside of the center armrest console lid. The Cefiro sold in Japan is only fitted with the single-cam and twin-cam RB20 inline-six engines, along with a turbocharged selection RB20DET . The RB25DE was also available with a 5-speed automatic transmission as the "25SE-M Selection." Nissan took the unusual step of marketing a left-hand drive version of
10450-481: The speed chime as standard factory fitment was the Honda City GA1/GA2 . Initial D anime features this speed chime prominently on Takumi Fujiwara's AE86. JDM specification model of trucks (over 5 ton loading capacity, 8 ton gross vehicle weight ) was mandated to have speed indicator installed from August 1967, according to Article 48 of the Ministerial Ordinance "Safety Standards for Road Vehicles" based on
10560-497: The speed indicator lights. Therefore, this requirement was abolished in 2001. Instead, truck manufacturers now have to install speed limiters which activate at around 90 km/h (56 mph). Some car enthusiasts like to build replicas of JDM vehicles from locally available cars. For example, enthusiasts in the USA will often take a US-market Honda Civic (sixth generation) , convert it from left-hand-drive to right-hand-drive and source
10670-416: The tax obligation is reduced. Kei cars (Japanese vehicles with 660 cc engines and reduced exterior dimensions) have significant tax advantages because their tax is about a quarter of that of a 1,000 cc car. The legislation is similar to a European approach to taxing engine horsepower , while the Japanese approach taxes engine displacement. Light Motor Vehicle Tax On 31 May 1971 until 31 March 2010,
10780-456: The tax was federal, the states collected the tax. This tax was created in 1961 and in 2006 represented about 1.6% of the total tax income (around 13 billion pesos). In 2012, vehicle tax became a state matter with some states charging the tax, others charging a partial tax (mostly on cars above a certain value) and others such as Morelos and Querétaro, charging no tax. In the Netherlands, a tax
10890-458: The vehicle and transport management act of related provinces. In New Zealand, Road tax is collected in two major ways. Motorized vehicles to be used on public roads are required to hold a time based vehicle license that can be purchased for period of 3 to 12 months. Cost varies by vehicle type, fuel and usage. In the case of motorcycles the cost varies by engine size also. Petroleum (incl ethanol bends), Automotive LPG & Automotive CNG (Which
11000-413: The vehicle's engine has. There is also a small traffic improvement fee. New South Wales road tax is paid based on the vehicle's tare weight. Passenger cars pay a registration fee based on the engine displacement and power output (degressive towards 2014 (66% in 2012, 33% in 2013, 0% in 2014) and environmental criteria such as CO 2 g/km output (increasingly towards 2014). The more CO 2 g/km
11110-516: The vehicle's model number, and with the five most commonly used designations being E, GF, GH, ABA, and CBA. These codes are only seen on JDM models and are not present on exported models of the same type. Examples would include E-EK9 or GF-EK9 from the first generation Civic Type R , E-BNR32 from the R32 Skyline GT-R , E-JZX100 from the eight generation Mark II . Another useful example to help differentiate between pure JDM models and export examples
11220-455: The world, with 250cc and 400cc miniature replicas of the bigger 750cc & 900cc bikes. At the same time, Japan had particularly tough laws regarding road licensing and sales regulations. Any motorcycle more powerful than 250cc had to take an extensively stringent test every two years. Combining these factors with a virtually non-existent second-hand market made it economic to export the nearly new bikes abroad where they were eagerly bought and
11330-439: Was a modification to the front passenger seat of Nissan called the "Partner Comfort Seat," where the top portion of the front passenger seat was further articulated to tilt forward, supporting the passenger's shoulders while allowing the seatback structure to recline. At the time of its introduction, there were 810 possible combinations. First-generation Series A31 Cefiros can identify the combined specifications ordered by looking at
11440-439: Was added alongside the "Brougham VIP" trim. Nissan's 2.0L V6 engine still powers both trims mated to a 4-speed automatic transmission respectively. The new "Elite" trim featured power-adjustable seats, faux wood trim, a full leather interior with tufted seats, and a re-designed 6-speaker audio system with 6 CD/VCD changers. The "Brougham VIP" trim received different wheel designs, a unique pagcor emblem, automatic climate control, and
11550-620: Was available as an option. Nissan released its A33 series in December 1998 initially as the JDM Cefiro, subsequently marketing badge engineered variants worldwide — prominently under its North American Infiniti brand as the I30 and I35. For the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) , Nissan offered the A33 in 2.0 and 2.5 Excimo, 2.0 and 2.5 Excimo G, 2.0 and 2.5 S Touring, and 3.0 Brougham VIP trim levels. A five-speed manual transmission
11660-432: Was available three color themes: marketed as Willow [gray], Graphite [black] and Beige [beige]. The I35 was introduced with an ad campaign featuring print, radio, newspaper, direct mail, internet ads as well as a television commercial by TBWA\Chiat\Day titled Hummingbird. The ad depicted an I35 driving in the background along a country road with a hummingbird in the foreground. The car and hummingbird moved at full speed,
11770-415: Was in demand for modernizing railway system in most developing countries such as Indonesia , Thailand , and Myanmar to acquire used trains from Japan rather than procuring brand-new rolling stocks, there are some cases that the management from each respective railway companies in Japan such as Japan Railways are decided to donate them to the oversea country, instead of scrapping them ahead in no time, which
11880-443: Was installed with a multi-link setup. There was also a switch on the center console that allowed the driver to change between "Auto," "Soft," "Medium," and "Hard" settings. The speed-sensitive rack-and-pinion power steering could also be separately reduced for a sporting feeling, and the suspension setting would modify both the steering feel and the shift points on the automatic transmission. Its equipment and features helped justify
11990-512: Was offered for the 2.0 Excimo and 2.0 S Touring. The limited edition "L Selection" and modified Autech version were also offered in Japan. In January 2001 the Cefiro received a facelift, incorporating the larger bumpers used on export models and the Infiniti I30. In Australia , Nissan marketed the A33 as the Maxima from 1999 through to 2003. Trim levels were S, ST, and Ti—all powered by the 3.0-liter engine. In Europe , Nissan continued to market
12100-399: Was shared with the Skyline and Laurel, using MacPherson struts for the front wheels and a semi-trailing arm suspension for the rear. If the Cefiro was installed with the "Super Sonic Suspension" system, a sonar module mounted under the front bumper and scanned the road surface, adjusting the suspension accordingly via actuators mounted on all four coilover struts and the front suspension
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