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70-2321: (Redirected from Ninth Division ) 9th Division , 9th Infantry Division or 9th Armoured Division may refer to: Infantry divisions [ edit ] 9th Division (Australia) 9th Infantry Division (Bangladesh) 9th Division (People's Republic of China) 9th Division (German Empire) 9th Reserve Division (German Empire) 9th Bavarian Reserve Division , World War I 9th Landwehr Division , German Empire 9th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht) , Germany 9th Luftwaffe Field Division (Germany) 9th Mountain Division (Wehrmacht) , Germany 9th Infantry Division (Greece) 9th (Secunderabad) Division , British Indian Army, before and during World War I 9th Infantry Division (India) 9th Division (Iraq) 9th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 9th Division (Japan) 9th Division (North Korea) 9th Infantry Division (Ottoman Empire) 9th Infantry Division (Philippines) , Spear Division 9th Division (Singapore) 9th Division (South Africa) 9th Infantry Division (South Korea) 9th Division (South Vietnam) 9th Infantry Division (Soviet Union) 9th Infantry Division (Thailand) 9th (Scottish) Division , World War I 9th (Highland) Infantry Division , World War II 9th Infantry Division (United States) 9th Division (Vietnam) Airborne divisions [ edit ] 9th Parachute Division (Germany) Motorized divisions [ edit ] 9th Motorized Division (France) 9th Motorised Division Pasubio , Kingdom of Italy Cavalry divisions [ edit ] 9th Cavalry Division (German Empire) Armoured divisions [ edit ] 9th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht) , Germany 9th SS Panzer Division Hohenstaufen , Germany 9th Armoured Division (Greece) 9th Tank Division (People's Republic of China) 9th Tank Division (Soviet Union) 9th Armoured Division (Syria) 9th Armoured Division (United Kingdom) 9th Armored Division (United States) Aviation divisions [ edit ] 9th Space Division , United States See also [ edit ] Division No. 9 (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by

140-546: A counterattack from there . In response to this, the 26th Brigade was brought up to relieve the 20th, and by 25 October the Japanese counterattack was beaten off. The 9th Division then went on the offensive against Sattelberg on 7 November. With intermittent and sometimes heavy air support, the Australian troops worked to uproot the Japanese from the strategically important peak. It fell to the 9th Division on 25 November 1943, after

210-810: A brief period of rest in Palestine before being redeployed to northern Syria where, as part of the British Ninth Army , it was responsible for guarding the Turkish–Syrian frontier. Here they were rejoined by the 9th Division Cavalry Regiment , which had been detached in June 1941 to take part in the Syria–Lebanon campaign . This deployment was the first time all the elements of the division had been concentrated in one area, albeit an area that stretched 1,200 square miles (3,100 km ). In addition to its garrison duties,

280-478: A complex series of night attacks. The 2/28th suffered significant casualties and vehicle losses in its advance, but achieved its objective. However, the battalion was soon surrounded by German infantry. A planned advance by British tanks failed and German tanks arrived. The 2/28th's positions came under a prolonged and methodical attack by the Axis forces. By the time they surrendered, 65 Australians had been killed. Although

350-519: A general withdrawal. The four months that the 9th Division had been involved in the fighting around El Alamein cost them 1,225 killed, 3,638 wounded and 946 captured, for a total of 5,809 casualties. In October 1942 the Australian government requested that the 9th Division be released from service in the Middle East and returned to Australia to be utilised against the Japanese in the Pacific. Although both

420-555: A major attack, hoping to dislodge the Allies from the area, take Alexandria, and open the way to Cairo and the Suez Canal . However, the Eighth Army had regrouped sufficiently to repel the Axis forces and launch counterattacks. On 6 July, the lead elements of the 9th Division arrived at Tel el Shammama 22 miles (35 km) from the front, from where they would be committed to the fighting in

490-406: A naval base and secure vital oil and rubber production facilities, 14,079 personnel from the division took part, just under half of a total of 30,000 that were assigned to the operation. Following a preliminary naval and aerial bombardment, the 24th Brigade landed at the southern end of Labuan island, which situated as it was at the entrance of Brunei Bay, commanded the approach to northern Borneo. At

560-470: A raid on 1 September undertaken by the 2/15th Battalion to seize a point 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) south-west of Tel el Eisa in which 150 Germans were killed and another 140 taken prisoner, against which the Australians lost 39 killed, 109 wounded and another 25 missing. By late October 1942, the Eighth Army, now commanded by Lieutenant-General Bernard Montgomery , decided to launch its own offensive in

630-449: A result, the 9th Division commander, Leslie Morshead, ordered the 20th Brigade to withdraw from the frontier, moving 160 miles (260 km) back towards Benghazi . The offensive began on 24 March, quickly forcing the British units along the frontier back as it drove towards Benghazi. Two days later the 26th Brigade took up positions in the west near the coast to support the 20th Brigade which

700-539: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages 9th Division (Australia) The 9th Division was a division of the Australian Army that served during World War II . It was the fourth division raised for the Second Australian Imperial Force (2nd AIF). The distinctions of the division include it being: During 1940, the component units of

770-463: The 2/48th Battalion reached the summit. It was during this final assault that Sergeant Tom Derrick carried out the actions that led to him receiving the Victoria Cross. In January 1944 the 9th Division was relieved by the 5th Division around Sio and progressively over the following two months they were brought back to Australia. After a period of leave the division once again re-formed on

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840-592: The 2015 Southern Syria offensive , which resulted into stalemate. In June 2015, it was involved in Daraa and As-Suwayda offensive . The 9th Division alongside pro-government militias repelled major rebel offensive. It was reported in October 2015 that "Syrian armed opposition factions seized the strategic Tel Ahmar in the northern countryside of Quneitra on Saturday, following violent clashes with government forces. The capture of Tel Ahmar comes days after opposition factions seized

910-500: The 24th Brigade was also assigned to the division. In January 1941 Wynter became ill and was replaced as divisional commander by Leslie Morshead . By February 1941, 9th Division headquarters had been relocated to the Middle East . Around this time the divisions of the AIF underwent a reorganisation as the decision was made to send the more established brigades to Greece ; as a result both

980-517: The Fourth Division of the Syrian army’s Brigade 91 in the same offensive, which aims to break the siege on Western Ghouta." Between November 2017 and January 2018, the division's units took part in battles on the outskirts of Damascus ( Battle of Harasta ). During August 2021, they participated in the Daraa offensive , which led to extensive occupations east and west of the city of Dara'a in favor of

1050-543: The German 164th Division and trap the greater part of it against the sea. This caused the Axis to rush reinforcements to their sector. As events unfolded, it was on the 9th that Montgomery, the Eighth Army commander, pinned his hopes on a breakthrough. Before this breakthrough was attempted, however, the 9th Division was subjected to numerous counter-attacks by German forces and many of the division's units suffered so many casualties that they were described as "mere skeletons". By

1120-544: The 18th and 25th Brigades were transferred from the 9th to the 7th Division . They were replaced by the 20th and 26th Brigades , both of which were considered to be less experienced and therefore less ready for action. After completing its initial training in Australia, Great Britain and Palestine, the units of the 9th Division were sent to Cyrenaica in Libya in early March 1941 to complete their training and equipping as part of

1190-513: The 2/13th Battalion suffered five killed and 93 wounded or captured. Two days after the action at Er Regima Pass, the 9th Division was ordered to fall back along the coast road towards Tobruk in what was later called the "Benghazi Handicap". Due to the speed of the Axis advance and the division's lack of transport, confusion reigned and part of the 2/15th Battalion , including most of its headquarters and its commanding officer, were captured. Covered by rear guard actions at Er Regima and Mechili,

1260-445: The 24th Brigade was landed on the northern shore of Brunei Bay on 16 June, while the 20th Brigade continued to consolidate the southern lodgement by advanced south-west along the coast towards Kuching and securing the hinterland as well. The 2/32nd Battalion landed at Padas Bay and seized the town of Weston, before sending out patrols towards Beaufort, 23 kilometres (14 mi) inland. Held by 800–1,000 Japanese, on 27 June an attack

1330-507: The 24th and 26th Brigades attacked German positions on the ridges south of Tel el Esia, suffering heavy casualties taking positions on Tel el Eisa Ridge and Makh Khad Ridge. The final phase of the First Battle of El Alamein was a disaster for the Allies and the 2/28th Battalion in particular: an attempt to capture Sanyet el Miteiriya, known as "Ruin Ridge", on 27 July. The operation was part of

1400-631: The 43rd and 91st Armored Brigades and the 52nd Mechanized Brigade. He wrote that it was part of the 1st Corps, which covered from Golan Heights , the fortified zone and south to Der'a near the Jordanian border. Since the start of the war, 9th Division was engaged in Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2012–April 2013) . The 52nd Armored Brigade was reported in Der'aa in southern Syria in May 2013. 9th Division took part in

1470-463: The 7th Division would be flown into the recently secured Nadzab airfield , to the west of Lae . The 20th Brigade, now under Brigadier Victor Windeyer , was chosen as the lead assault unit and on 1 September it began embarking at Milne Bay. Departing the following day, they were transported to the Buna–Morobe area where it linked up with the 57 landing craft that had been assigned to the operation. On

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1540-505: The 9th Division also conducted some much needed training in mobile warfare during its stay in Syria. In early 1942 Australian I Corps , including the 6th and 7th Divisions , was withdrawn to Australia in response to Japan 's entry into the war. The Australian government, however, agreed to British requests to retain the 9th Division in the Middle East in exchange for an additional American division being sent to Australia. During early 1942

1610-450: The 9th Division during the war. Over the course of the next six months the 9th Division and the rest of the garrison repelled repeated attempts by Rommel's forces to capture the port. The Australian defence of Tobruk was anchored on three factors: the use of the pre-existing Italian fortifications around the port, aggressive patrolling and raiding of Axis positions and the firepower of the garrison's artillery. Fighting from fixed positions,

1680-554: The 9th Division gained considerable momentum, attacking both frontally and executing a wide "left hook" from their original positions, in their sector, with one Axis outpost after another falling to them. Together with the 51st (Highland) Division , and the 2nd New Zealand Division , they had mauled the Italian Trento Division and the German 164th Division. By the following day the 9th Division had managed to further slice through

1750-550: The 9th Division on 16 September. The 9th Division's advance had been held up by Japanese resistance and difficulties with crossing the rivers between the landing beaches and Lae. The capture of Lae ahead of schedule meant that the focus of Allied operations could then be shifted upon an advance up the Huon Peninsula, which was strategically important to the Allies as it would allow them to establish air and naval bases for future operations. On 22 September 1943, only six days after

1820-425: The 9th Division reached Tobruk on 9 April 1941. The 7th Division's 18th Brigade had arrived two days earlier and together with a number of British artillery and armoured regiments and an Indian cavalry regiment, the 18th King Edward's Own Cavalry (now 18 Cavalry), they were placed under the command of Major General John Lavarack and ordered to hold the port for at least two months while a relieving force from Egypt

1890-703: The 9th Division were sent to the UK to defend it against a possible German invasion . After serving during 1941–1942 in the North African campaign , at the Siege of Tobruk and both the First and Second Battles of El Alamein , the 9th Division returned to Australia. In 1943–1944, it served in the New Guinea campaign and, during 1945, in the Borneo campaign . It was disbanded, following the end of

1960-501: The Atherton Tablelands. Due to high personnel turnover in this period as personnel were discharged or transferred to other units, many of the division's units had to be virtually rebuilt from scratch. Indeed, in order to bring the division's infantry units up to strength an entire Militia battalion, consisting of nearly 400 personnel from the 62nd Battalion , was broken up to provide reinforcements. Due to rapid developments in

2030-473: The Australian infantry successfully contained and defeated repeated German armoured and infantry attacks on the fortress. After the failure of the British attempts to relieve the fortress in May and June 1941 the 9th Division was successful in gradually improving Tobruk's defences through aggressively raiding Axis positions. Upon the request of the Australian War Cabinet, the bulk of the 9th Division

2100-582: The Axis forces advanced steadily through north west Egypt. It was decided that the British Eighth Army should make a stand just over 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Alexandria , at the railway siding of El Alamein , where the coastal plain narrowed between the Mediterranean Sea and the inhospitable Qattara Depression . On 26 June 1942 the 9th Division was ordered to begin moving from northern Syria to El Alamein. On 1 July, Rommel's forces made

2170-774: The British prime minister, Winston Churchill and the American president Franklin Roosevelt advised against this, the Australian prime minister John Curtin insisted and by mid December the decision to bring the division back to Australia was confirmed. In late December the division concentrated around Gaza , where a divisional parade was held before preparations for embarkation began. The 9th Division began embarking for its return to Australia on 24 January 1943. Transported on four troopships—the Queen Mary , Ile de France , Nieuw Amsterdam and Aquitania —as part of Operation Pamphlet

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2240-519: The El Adem road. This attack was beaten off, although that night a force of Germans with mortars and machine guns managed to break into the defences only to be counterattacked by a small group of Australians, including John Edmondson , armed with bayonets and grenades. For his part in the attack Edmondson was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross , the first of seven which were bestowed upon members of

2310-530: The Japanese lost at least 1,234 personnel. Following the end of the war the 9th Division remained in Borneo and performed emergency relief and occupation duties until the arrival of Indian troops in January 1946. The 9th Division began gradually demobilising on 1 October 1945 with soldiers with dependants or long service being the first to be discharged. The division's headquarters was disbanded on 10 February 1946 and

2380-427: The Japanese really had around 5,000 personnel in the area. Nevertheless, after a week of heavy fighting against well-entrenched Japanese troops, the Australians captured the town and airfield of Finschhafen, declaring it liberated on 2 October. However, most of the Japanese that had been around Finschhafen managed to retreat to a 1,000-metre-high (3,300 ft) mountain around Sattelberg. On 16 October they launched

2450-515: The Western Desert, amassing a force of some 220,000 personnel supported by 1,100 tanks and 900 artillery pieces. The 9th Division was positioned in the northern sector of the Eighth Army's front at El Alamein, nearest the coast, as part of British XXX Corps . This sector was to effect the main thrust of the Allied attack. While XIII and most of XXX Corps failed to meet their objectives on 25 October,

2520-513: The battalion, spread out across an 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) front, managed to delay a German force of about 3,000 personnel mounted in lorries and accompanied by armoured cars and tanks. Only lightly armed, however, they were unable to prevent the Germans from outflanking them, and gradually they were forced to pull back before. At 2200 hours, their transport arrived, and they were able to withdraw just as they were faced with encirclement. In this action,

2590-469: The beaches, patrols were sent out to effect a link up along the beachhead . 35 minutes later as the 26th Brigade came ashore, they were attacked by nine Japanese aircraft which inflicted a number of casualties on the Australians in the LCIs , with eight personnel being killed, including the commanding officer of the 2/23rd Battalion , while another 20 were wounded. The following day, the 26th Brigade passed through

2660-469: The conversion to a Jungle Division many of the division's units were either separated from the division, reorganised into new roles or disbanded. Of note, the division's cavalry unit, the 9th Division Cavalry Regiment, gave up its vehicles and was converted to the commando role, becoming the 2/9th Cavalry Commando Regiment . After completing amphibious training near Cairns the 9th Division, now under Major General George Wootten who had taken command of

2730-526: The division arrived at Fremantle in Western Australia on 18 February whereupon all members of the division were granted three weeks leave. Welcome-home parades were held in every Australian capital city, after which the 9th Division began reforming in April 1943 in the semi-tropical Atherton Tablelands region of Far North Queensland where it began re-organising and re-training for jungle warfare. As part of

2800-586: The division in March, departed for Milne Bay in New Guinea in late July and early August 1943. The 9th Division's first task in New Guinea was to liberate the town of Lae in a joint operation with the 7th Division . The 9th Division would carry out an amphibious landing to the east of the town at Malahang —the first large scale seaborne landing by an Australian formation since the Gallipoli campaign in 1915—while

2870-518: The division suffered its first casualties when German bombers attacked the transport column in which the 2/13th Battalion was travelling, killing two Australians and wounding one other. By 9 March the 20th Brigade relieved the 17th Brigade from the 6th Division , along the Cyrenaican frontier. By late March, it became clear that German-led Axis forces planned to launch an offensive in Cyrenaica. As

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2940-409: The division's final involvement in the war and its participation in the campaign was broken up into two primary operations: a landing on Tarakan and another on Brunei and Labuan . The 26th Brigade group was assigned the task of capturing Tarakan Island and destroying the Japanese garrison. Japanese forces on the island were estimated at 2,000 personnel along with around 250 civilians working in

3010-472: The east to Derna. Lacking their own transport, they had to rely on that provided by other units and thus the withdrawal had to be undertaken in stages. In order to achieve this, the 2/13th Battalion was used as a rear guard and late in the afternoon of 4 April it undertook the division's first action of the war when the Germans attacked their positions in the Er Regima Pass. Supported by British artillery,

3080-549: The fall of Lae, the 20th Brigade made an amphibious landing at Scarlet Beach , 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of Finschhafen . Because of the haste with which the operation had been put together, there had been no time for rehearsals and this, coupled with faulty maps and the fact that the landing took place in darkness, resulted in the majority of the brigade being landed on the wrong beach. Allied intelligence estimates of Japanese strength around Finschhafen were also faulty, with an expected force of between 500 and 2,100, although

3150-402: The garrison of this region. Short of equipment such as machine guns , mortars , anti-tank guns and carriers , most of the division's artillery and cavalry units did not accompany the infantry brigades to Cyrenaica at this time. The 20th Brigade was the first unit from the division to move, departing on 27 February. It was joined shortly by the other two brigades. It was during this time that

3220-400: The island of Labuan, where the defenders withdrew to an inland stronghold where they held out along dense jungle covered ridges and muddy swamps. In order to subdue the Japanese resistance an intense naval and artillery bombardment was laid down over the course of a week before an assault was put in by two companies of infantry supported by tanks and flamethrowers . After securing Labuan,

3290-552: The last unit of the division was disbanded in May 1946. While the majority of the division's personnel returned civilian life after the war, some continued to serve with the British Commonwealth Occupation Force in Japan, joining the 66th Infantry Battalion . The 9th Division suffered a total of 2,732 killed in action, 7,501 wounded and 1,863 captured. These 12,096 casualties represent approximately one quarter of

3360-464: The main assault began as the LCIs carrying the two battalions that would lead the attack—the 2/23rd and 2/48th—crossed the line of departure and headed towards the landing beach at Lingkas. Although initially Japanese opposition to the landing was light, as the Australians advanced inland from the landing beach, the resistance grew in its intensity and it was mid June by the time that the main Japanese force

3430-407: The night of 3/4 September they began the 80 miles (130 km) run to the landing beaches, arriving just before dawn. At 0630 hours on 4 September the 20th Brigade launched the initial assault under the cover of naval bombardment. Two battalions were landed on the main beach, codenamed Red Beach, while one more was landed 3 miles (4.8 km) west at Yellow Beach. Experiencing no opposition on

3500-407: The night of 31 October/1 November Morshead decided to relieve his forward brigade, the 26th Brigade, with the relatively fresh 24th Brigade, however, the following day two German divisions attacked the brigade. On 2 November, Operation Supercharge—as the breakout was named—began and the final phase of the battle began. The British armoured formations suffered heavily in the initial stages, before on

3570-407: The northern sector. Before dawn on 10 July, as Rommel focused his efforts on the southern flank of the battlefield, the 9th Division attacked the north flank of the enemy positions and captured the strategic high ground around Tel el Eisa . In the days following, Rommel redirected his forces against them, in a series of intense counterattacks, but was unable to dislodge the Australians. On 22 July,

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3640-477: The oil plants. On 30 April 1945 a small force of commandos from the 2/4th Commando Squadron , along with a battery of 25-pounder field guns from the 2/7th Field Regiment , were landed on Sadau Island off the coast of Tarakan, from where they would provide indirect fire support during the landing. The following day, 1 May, at 0640 the battery on Sadau opened the preliminary bombardment along with two cruisers and six destroyers stationed offshore. At 0656 hours

3710-467: The perimeter that had been set up by the 20th Brigade and began to advance along the coast towards Lae, crossing the Buso river before nightfall on 5 September. That night, the 24th Brigade, which had been held back as the divisional reserve, landed at the beachhead. After establishing their supply bases the two Australian divisions raced each other to Lae. The 7th Division entered the town several hours ahead of

3780-588: The personnel who served with the division. The 9th Division was the most highly decorated of the four AIF divisions raised during the war. Seven of its members received the Victoria Cross, the nation's highest award for gallantry, these were (in alphabetical order by surname): Military decorations awarded to members of the 9th Division include: The 9th Division's structure was as follows: Original units: Replacement units: Artillery: (some original units, some replacements) Outside units: 9th Armoured Division (Syria) Source: The division

3850-407: The river. On the night of 27/28 June the Japanese launched six counterattacks which devolved into hand-to-hand combat. Amid appalling conditions, one company became isolated and the next morning another was sent to its aid to attack the Japanese from the rear. Fighting its way through numerous Japanese positions, the company killed at least 100 Japanese and one of its members, Private Tom Starcevich ,

3920-505: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about military units and formations which are associated with the same title. If an internal link referred you to this page, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. [REDACTED] Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=9th_Division&oldid=1035747256 " Category : Military units and formations disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

3990-534: The same time, the 20th Brigade landed near Brooketon, on a small peninsula in the southern end of the bay. A third, albeit smaller, landing was made by one of the 20th Brigade's battalions—the 2/15th—on the small island of Muara. The island had not been garrisoned by the Japanese and all the Australian landings went in unopposed. The 20th Brigade rapidly secured Brunei town against relatively light opposition, suffering only 40 casualties in this campaign. The 24th Brigade, however, encountered greater opposition in taking

4060-442: The second day the 51st Division managed to force a gap through the Axis lines, creating a gap of over 6 miles (9.7 km) through which the armour was redirected. The result of this was that the pressure was taken off the 9th Division as the focus of the fighting shifted to the south of Tel el Eisa. After this the 9th Division ceased offensive action, although they continued patrolling operations until 4 November when Rommel ordered

4130-422: The southern sector and the 7th Division which attacked the north. Under the division's command were the 52nd Mechanized Brigade (with 41 tanks) in the northern part of the sector and the 33rd Mechanized Brigade (with 41 tanks) in the southern part of the sector. Behind the first tier brigades were two second tier brigades; The 43rd Armored Brigade (with 95 tanks) and the 51st Armored Brigade (with 95 tanks), which

4200-461: The vast majority of the 2/28th had become prisoners of war, 93 members of the battalion remained behind Allied lines and it was subsequently rebuilt. Following the fighting in July, the 9th Division remained in front-line positions around El Alamein, but were engaged in mainly static defensive duties for the next three months. Nevertheless, patrols were maintained and some raiding was undertaken, including

4270-583: The war and strategic uncertainty over the role of Australian forces in the Pacific, the 9th Division remained in Australia for over a year before seeing action once more. While the Australian I Corps (of which the 9th Division was part) had originally been intended to participate in the liberation of the Philippines, these plans were dropped, and the Corps was instead tasked with the liberation of Borneo . This would be

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4340-515: The war, in early 1946. The 9th Division was the fourth AIF division raised, being formed in the United Kingdom in late 1940. Initially it consisted of only two infantry brigades which had been formed in Australia and dispatched to Britain in order to defend against a possible invasion following the Fall of France —the 18th and 25th Brigades —under the command of Major General Henry Wynter . Later,

4410-651: Was attached to the division. The division was commanded during the war by Hasan Turkmani . In April 1976, it was announced by Kamal Jumblatt , leader of the Lebanese National Movement , that the 91st Armoured Brigade had entered Lebanon. This was in addition to other Syrian forces that had entered previously. The 9th Armored Division served in the 1991 Gulf War as the Arab Joint Forces Command North reserve and saw little action. In 2001 Richard Bennett estimated that its brigades included

4480-532: Was broken up and mopping up operations began. These operations continued throughout July until starvation forced the majority of those remaining to surrender. The Australians lost 250 killed and 670 wounded in this operation, while the Japanese lost around 1,500 personnel killed and another 250 captured trying to defend the island. The remainder of the 9th Division landed in the Labuan and Brunei area on 10 June 1945. Tasked with securing Brunei Bay in order to establish

4550-485: Was carried out there by the 2/43rd Battalion . Amid a torrential downpour and encountering difficult terrain, the 2/32nd Battalion secured the south bank of the Padas River, while one company from the 2/43rd was sent to take the town and another marched to the flanks, to take up ambush positions along the route that the Japanese were expected to withdraw along. The 2/28th Battalion secured the lines of communication north of

4620-567: Was established in 1970, and was originally called the 9th Infantry Division, although according to its composition it was actually an armored division. In 1973 it was heavily engaged during the October War , and in the Valley of Tears . The division participated in attack on the Golan Heights at the beginning of the war. It attacked the center of the plateau, alongside the 5th Division which attacked

4690-452: Was holding the pass at Er Regima. At this stage, the division's anti-tank troops were issued with captured Italian guns in order to make up the shortfall in British weapons. As the Axis advance continued with German victories at Marsa Brega and Agedabia which threatened to outflank the units cut off in Benghazi, the 9th Division were ordered to fall back from their positions along the coast to

4760-472: Was later awarded the Victoria Cross for his efforts. Following this, the Japanese began to withdraw from Beaufort and the Australians began a slow, cautious advance using indirect fire to limit casualties. By 12 July they occupied Papar, and from there sent out patrols to the north and along the river until the cessation of hostilities. By August the fighting came to an end. The division's total casualties in this operation were 114 killed and 221 wounded, while

4830-455: Was organised. The first engagement came on 10 April when an Axis force approached the port from the west but was repelled. The following day, Tobruk was effectively placed under siege when German forces cut the supply road to its east, encircling the Allied garrison. On 13 April the first major attack came when the German commander, Erwin Rommel , launched an attack against the 20th Brigade west of

4900-505: Was withdrawn from Tobruk in September and October 1941, and handed over to the British 70th Division with only the 2/13th Battalion remaining in the fortress at the time the garrison was finally relieved in December. The defence of Tobruk cost the 9th Division 3,164 casualties including 650 killed, 1,597 wounded and 917 captured. After its withdrawal from Tobruk the 9th Division enjoyed only

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