98-525: The Newark Advertiser is a British regional newspaper, owned by Iliffe Media, for the town of Newark-on-Trent and surrounding areas. The Advertiser had its beginnings in 1847, when printer William Tomlinson of Stodman Street issued the first Newark Monthly Advertiser . It had four pages and cost 1d. In 1854 Tomlinson made his journal a weekly publication, called it the Newark Advertiser and Farmers' Journal , doubled its size to eight pages and trebled
196-607: A Christian. Wulfhere's marriage to Eormenhild of Kent would have brought Mercia into close contact with the Christian kingdoms of Kent and Merovingian Gaul , which were connected by kinship and trade. The political and economic benefits of the marriage may therefore also have been a factor in Wulfhere's Christianisation of his kingdom. Wulfhere's relationship with Bishop Wilfrid is recorded in Stephen of Ripon's Life of Wilfrid . During
294-541: A bearings factory (part of the NSK group) with some 200 employees, and Laurens Patisseries, part of the food group Bakkavör since May 2006, which bought it for £130 million. It employs over 1,000. In 2007, Currys opened a £30 million national distribution centre next to the A17 near the A46 roundabout, and moved its national distribution centre there in 2005, with over 1,400 staff employed at
392-530: A by-election on 5 June 2014 after the resignation of Patrick Mercer , he was replaced by the Conservative Robert Jenrick , who was re-elected at the general election of 7 May 2015. Newark has three local-government tiers: Newark Town Council, Newark and Sherwood District Council and Nottinghamshire County Council . The 39 district councillors cover waste, planning, environmental health, licensing, car parks, housing, leisure and culture. It opened
490-759: A charter of 664 AD, Newark is mentioned as having been granted to the Abbey of Peterborough by King Wulfhere of Mercia . An Anglo-Saxon pagan cemetery used from the early fifth to early seventh centuries has been found in Millgate, Newark, close to the Fosse Way and the River Trent. There cremated remains were buried in pottery urns. In the reign of Edward the Confessor , Newark belonged to Godiva and her husband Leofric, Earl of Mercia , who granted it to Stow Minster in 1055. After
588-657: A few miles of Newark, many holding squadrons of the Polish Air Force . A plot was set aside in Newark Cemetery for RAF burials. This is now the war graves plot, where all but ten of the 90 Commonwealth and all of the 397 Polish burials were made. The cemetery also has 49 scattered burials from the First World War . A memorial cross to the Polish airmen buried there was unveiled in 1941 by President Raczkiewicz , ex-President of
686-885: A field on the town's outskirts, and in 2008 was acquired by Newark and Sherwood District Council. The torc was displayed at the British Museum in London until the opening of the National Civil War Centre and Newark Museum in May 2015. It is now shown in the museum galleries. Newark's churches include the Grade I listed parish church , St Mary Magdalene . Other Anglican parish churches include Christ Church in Boundary Road and St Leonard's in Lincoln Road. The Catholic Holy Trinity Church
784-519: A former Speaker of the House of Commons, Viscount Ossington . It was designed to be a Temperance alternative to pubs and coaching inns. These changes and industrial growth raised the population from under 7,000 in 1800 to over 15,000 by the end of the century. The Sherwood Avenue Drill Hall opened in 1914 as the First World War began. In the Second World War there were several RAF stations within
882-707: A leisure centre in Bowbridge Road, opened in 2016. Newark and Sherwood Concert Band , with over 50 regular players, has performed at numerous area events in the last few years. Also based in Newark are the Royal Air Force Music Charitable Trust and Lincolnshire Chamber Orchestra. The Palace Theatre in Appletongate is Newark's main entertainment venue, offering drama, live music, dance and film. The National Civil War Centre and Newark Museum, next to
980-481: A marketplace lined with many historical buildings and one of its most notable landmarks is St Mary Magdalene church with its towering spire at 232 feet (71 metres) high and the highest structure in the town. The church is the tallest church building in Nottinghamshire and can be seen when entering Newark or bypassing it. The population of the town was recorded at 30,345 at the 2021 census . The place-name Newark
1078-460: A monument. RAF Winthorpe was opened in 1940 and declared inactive in 1959. The site is now the location of the Newark Air Museum . The main industries in Newark in the last hundred years have been clothing, bearings, pumps, agricultural machinery and pine furniture, and the refining of sugar. British Sugar still has one of its sugar-beet processing factories to the north of the town near
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#17328549276051176-557: A national Civil War Centre and Newark Museum in May 2015. The area elects ten councillors to Nottinghamshire County Council. It provides children's services, adult care, and highways and transport services. The town has an elected council of 18 members from seven wards: Beacon (5 councillors), Bridge (3), Castle (2), Devon (5), Magnus (1), Sleaford (1) and South (1). Newark Town Council has taken on some responsibilities devolved by Newark and Sherwood District Council, including parks, open spaces and Newark Market. It also runs events such as
1274-479: A position of strength. Stephen of Ripon's Life of Wilfrid says that Wulfhere "stirred up all the southern nations against [Northumbria]". Bede does not report the fighting, nor is it mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , but according to Stephen, Ecgfrith defeated Wulfhere, forcing him to surrender Lindsey, and to pay tribute. Wulfhere survived the defeat but evidently lost some degree of control over
1372-564: A year Oswald killed Cadwallon and reunited the kingdoms, and subsequently re-established Northumbrian hegemony over the south of England. However, on 5 August 642, Penda killed Oswald at the Battle of Maserfield , probably at Oswestry in the northwest midlands. Penda is not recorded as overlord of the other southern Anglo-Saxon kings, but he became the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kings after he defeated Oswald. On Oswald's death, Northumbria
1470-618: A £25 million rebuild in 2016 after a long campaign. In 2020 the Suthers School opened, providing a new Secondary School for Newark The town's several primary schools include a new school in the Middlebeck development on the town's southern edge, opened in September 2021. Newark College, part of the Lincoln College, Lincolnshire Group, is situated on Friary Road, Newark, where it
1568-457: Is 21 miles (34 km) from Nottingham , 19 miles (31 km) from Lincoln and 40 miles (64 km) from Leicester . All are connected to the town by the A46 road . The town is also around 20 miles (32 km) from Mansfield , 14 miles (23 km) from Grantham , 19 miles (31 km) from Sleaford , 9 miles (14 km) from Southwell and 11 miles (18 km) from Bingham . Newark lies on
1666-506: Is also possible that Merewalh , king of the Magonsæte , was Wulfhere's brother. He married Eormenhild of Kent; no date is recorded for the marriage and there is no record of any children in the earliest sources, though Coenred , who was king of Mercia from 704 to 709, is recorded in John of Worcester 's 12th-century chronicle as Wulfhere's son. Another possible child is Berhtwald, a subking who
1764-525: Is first attested in the cartulary of Eynsham Abbey in Oxfordshire, where it appears as "Newercha" in about 1054–1057 and "Niweweorche" in about 1075–1092. It appears as "Newerche" in the 1086 Domesday Book . The name "New werk" has the apparent meaning of "New fort". The origins of the town are possibly Roman , from its position on an important Roman road, the Fosse Way . In a document which purports to be
1862-486: Is home to the School of Musical Instrument Crafts. The School, which opened in 1972, has courses to train craftspeople to make and repair guitars, violins, and woodwind instruments, and to tune and restore pianos. British Sugar PLC runs a mill on the outskirts that opened in 1921. It has 130 permanent employees and processes 1.6 million tonnes of sugar beet produced by about 800 UK growers, at an average distance of 28 miles from
1960-422: Is known about Trumhere's activities or who appointed him. It is apparent from these events that Oswiu's influence in the south had waned by this time, if not before, and that Wulfhere now dominated the area. This becomes even clearer in the next few years, as some time between 665 and 668 Wulfhere sold the see of London to Wine , who had been expelled from his West Saxon bishopric by Cenwealh. London fell within
2058-543: Is known that Wulfhere gave land at Barrow upon Humber , in Lindsey, to Chad, for a monastery. It is possible that Chad also had authority there as bishop, probably no later than 669. It may be that the political basis for Mercian episcopal control of the Lindesfara was laid early in Wulfhere's reign, under Trumhere and Jaruman, the two bishops who preceded Chad. When Wulfhere attacked Oswiu's son Ecgfrith in 674, he did so from
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#17328549276052156-617: Is recorded as a nephew of Æthelred, and a third child, Werburh , is recorded in an 11th-century manuscript as a daughter of Wulfhere. An 11th-century history of St. Peter's Monastery in Gloucester names two other women, Eadburh and Eafe, as queens of Wulfhere, but neither claim is plausible. In 655 Penda besieged Oswiu of Northumbria at Iudeu, the location of which is unknown but which may have been Stirling , in Scotland. Penda took Oswiu's son, Ecgfrith , as hostage, and Oswiu paid tribute, in
2254-658: The A46 road , is Farndon , and to the north Winthorpe . Newark's growth and development have been enhanced by one of few bridges over the River Trent, by the navigability of the river, by the presence of the Great North Road (the A1, etc.), and later by the advance of the railways, bringing a junction between the East Coast Main Line and the Nottingham to Lincoln route. "Newark became a substantial inland port, particularly for
2352-522: The A616 (Great North Road). There have been several factory closures especially since the 1950s. The breweries that closed in the 20th century included James Hole and Warwicks-and-Richardsons. Newark had a population of 30,345 at the 2021 census, a 10% increase from the 27,700 of the 2011 census . The ONS Mid Year Population Estimates for 2007 indicated that the population had risen to some 26,700. Another estimate (2009): "The population of Newark itself
2450-503: The Bishop of Lincoln exchanged ownership of the town with the Crown. Newark was incorporated under an alderman and twelve assistants in 1549, and the charter was confirmed and extended by Elizabeth I . Charles I reincorporated the town under a mayor and aldermen, owing to its increasing commercial prosperity. This charter, except for a temporary surrender under James II , continued to govern
2548-663: The Norman Conquest , Stow Minster retained the revenues of Newark, but it came under the control of the Norman Bishop Remigius de Fécamp , after whose death control passed to the Bishops of Lincoln from 1092 until the reign of Edward VI . There were burgesses in Newark at the time of the Domesday survey. The reign of Edward III shows evidence that it had long been a borough by prescription. The Newark wapentake (hundred) in
2646-680: The Thames valley . He conquered the Isle of Wight and the Meon valley and gave them to King Æthelwealh of the South Saxons . He also had influence in Surrey , Essex , and Kent . He married Eormenhild , the daughter of King Eorcenberht of Kent . Wulfhere's father, Penda , was killed in 655 at the Battle of Winwaed , fighting against Oswiu of Northumbria . Penda's son Peada became king under Oswiu's overlordship but
2744-702: The Victorian era . The buildings included the Independent Chapel (1822), Holy Trinity (1836–1837), Christ Church (1837), Castle Railway Station (1846), the Wesleyan Chapel (1846), the Corn Exchange (1848), the Methodist New Connexion Chapel (1848), W. N. Nicholson Trent Ironworks (1840s), Northgate Railway Station (1851), North End Wesleyan Chapel (1868), St Leonard's Anglican Church (1873),
2842-722: The repeal of the Corn Laws and other issues he stood elsewhere after that time. Newark elections were central to two interesting legal cases. In 1945, a challenge to Harold Laski , the Chairman of the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party , led Laski to sue the Daily Express , which had reported him as saying Labour might take power by violence if defeated at the polls. Laski vehemently denied saying this, but lost
2940-605: The 1829 elections the Liberal/Radical candidate (Wilde), rather than his candidate, (Michael Sadler, a progressive Conservative). J. S. Baxter, a schoolboy in Newark in 1830–1840, contributed to The Hungry Forties: Life under the Bread Tax (London, 1904), a book about the Corn Laws : "Chartists and rioters came from Nottingham into Newark, parading the streets with penny loaves dripped in blood carried on pikes, crying 'Bread or blood'." Many buildings and much industry appeared in
3038-455: The 680s, are recorded as pagan at their accession. Bede writes that after Wulfhere became king: "Free under their own king, they [the Mercians] gave willing allegiance to Christ their true king, so that they might win his eternal kingdom in heaven". While Wulfhere's father had refused to convert to Christianity, and Peada had apparently converted in order to marry Oswiu's daughter, the date and
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3136-530: The A46 at Farndon, via Middlebeck to the A1 near Fernwood . The parliamentary borough of Newark returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the Unreformed House of Commons from 1673. It was the last borough to be created before the Reform Act. William Ewart Gladstone , later Prime Minister , became its MP in 1832 and was re-elected in 1835, in 1837, and in 1841 twice, but possibly due to his support of
3234-523: The Anglo-Saxons to Christianity at the end of the 6th century, and this process was well under way in Penda's reign, though Penda himself remained pagan throughout his life. Records survive of the baptism of other kings at this time— Cynegils of Wessex was baptised in about 640, for example, and Edwin of Northumbria was converted in the mid 620s. However, later kings, such as Cædwalla of Wessex , who ruled in
3332-766: The Baptist Chapel (1876), the Primitive Methodist Chapel (1878), Newark Hospital (1881), Ossington Coffee Palace (1882), Gilstrap Free Library (1883), the Market Hall (1884), the Unitarian Chapel (1884), the Fire Station (1889), the Waterworks (1898), and the School of Science and Art (1900). The Ossington Coffee Palace was built by Lady Charlotte Ossington, daughter of the 4th Duke of Portland and widow of
3430-576: The East Saxons' territory in that period. From the archaeological evidence, it appears to be about this time that the Middle Saxon settlement in London began to expand significantly; the centre of Anglo-Saxon London was not at the old Roman centre, but about a mile west of that, near what is now the location of the Strand . Wulfhere may have been in control of the city when this expansion began. Eorcenberht
3528-607: The Humber from the early 660s, though not overlord of Northumbria as his father had been. A document called the Tribal Hidage may date from Wulfhere's reign. Drawn up before many smaller groups of peoples were absorbed into the larger kingdoms, such as Mercia, it records the peoples of Anglo-Saxon England, along with an assessment in hides , a unit of land. The Tribal Hidage is difficult to date precisely; it may have been written down in Wulfhere's reign, but other suggested origins include
3626-560: The Isle of Wight, to his godson King Æthelwealh of the South Saxons. It seems likely that the ruling dynasty on the island found these arrangements acceptable to some degree, since the West Saxons, under Cædwalla, exterminated the whole family when they launched their own attack on the island in 686. After the conquest of the Isle of Wight, Wulfhere ordered the priest Eoppa to provide baptism to
3724-569: The LocAle and Weinfest, a museum in the Town Hall, and allotments. A new police station costing £7 million opened in October 2006. The town has three main mixed secondary schools . The older, Magnus Church of England Academy , founded in 1531 by the diplomat Thomas Magnus , lies close to the town centre. The Newark Academy is in neighbouring Balderton (previously The Grove School). It underwent
3822-611: The Mercian revolt succeeded because Oswiu may have been occupied with fighting in Pictland, in northern Britain. His nephew the Pictish king Talorgan , son of Eanfrith , had died in 657. How much direct control Oswiu exerted over the southern kingdoms during his imperium is unclear. Bede describes Oswiu's friendship and influence over Sigeberht of the East Saxons , but generally the pattern in
3920-417: The Mercians to be descended from the Angles , one of the invading groups; the Saxons and Jutes settled in the south of Britain, while the Angles settled in the north. Little is known about the origins of the kingdom of Mercia , in what is now the English Midlands, but according to genealogies preserved in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and the Anglian collection the early kings were descended from Icel ;
4018-426: The Northumbrians a few years after his accession, but he was generally unable to maintain the domination of the south achieved by Wulfhere. At an unrecorded date Wulfhere married Eormenhild ( alias Ermenilda, etc.), a daughter of Eorcenberht , King of Kent , who survived him and is thought after his death to have become the Abbess of Ely . No issue from the marriage are recorded in the earliest sources, however
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4116-451: The Palace Theatre in Appletongate in the town centre, opened in 2015 to interpret Newark's part in the English Civil War in the 17th century and explore its wider implications. The district was ranked in a survey reported in 2020 as one of the best places to live in the UK. The Newark Torc, a silver and gold Iron Age torc , was the first found in Nottinghamshire. It resembles that of the Snettisham Hoard . Uncovered in 2005, it occupies
4214-425: The Polish Republic and head of the wartime Polish government in London, supported by Władysław Sikorski , head of the Polish Armed Forces in the West and Prime Minister of the Polish Government in Exile in 1939–1943. When the two died – Sikorski in 1943 and Raczkiewicz in 1947 – they were buried at the foot of the monument. Sikorski's remains were returned to Poland in 1993, but his former grave in Newark remains as
4312-476: The West Saxons under Cædwalla began an aggressive expansion to the east, reversing much of the Mercian advance. In addition to being Wulfhere's godson, King Æthelwealh of the South Saxons had a connection to the Mercians via marriage. His wife was Queen Eafe, the daughter of Eanfrith of the Hwicce , a tribe whose territory lay to the southwest of Mercia. The Hwicce had their own royal family, but it appears that at this date they were already subordinate to Wulfhere:
4410-405: The West Saxons, leaving Dorchester dangerously close to the border. Within a few years, the Dorchester see was abandoned; the exact date is not known, but it was probably in the mid 660s. In addition to the attack on Ashdown, Wulfhere raided the Isle of Wight in 661. He subsequently gave both the island and the territory of the Meonware, which lay along the river Meon , on the mainland north of
4508-483: The action. In the 1997 general election , Newark returned Fiona Jones of the Labour Party. Jones and her election agent Des Whicher were convicted of submitting a fraudulent declaration of expenses, but the conviction was overturned on appeal. Newark's former MP Patrick Mercer , Conservative held the position of Shadow Minister for Homeland Security from June 2003 until March 2007, when he had to resign after making racially contentious comments to The Times . At
4606-403: The bank of the River Trent, with the River Devon running as a tributary through the town. Standing at the intersection of the Great North Road and the Fosse Way , Newark originally grew around Newark Castle , now ruined, and a large market place now lined with historic buildings. Newark forms a single built-up area with the neighbouring parish of Balderton to the south-east. To the south, on
4704-422: The circumstances of Wulfhere's conversion are unknown. It has been suggested that he adopted Christianity as part of a settlement with Oswiu. Bede records that two years before Penda's death, his son Peada converted to Christianity, influenced partly by Oswiu's son Ealhfrith , who had married Peada's sister Cyneburh. Peada brought a Christian mission into Mercia, and it is possible that this was when Wulfhere became
4802-451: The composer Robert Parsons fell into the swollen River Trent at Newark and drowned. After the break with Rome in the 16th century, the establishment of the Church of England , and the dissolution of the monasteries , Henry VIII had the Vicar of Newark, Henry Lytherland, executed for refusing to acknowledge the king as head of the Church. The dissolution affected Newark's political landscape. Even more radical changes came in 1547, when
4900-610: The corporation until the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 . In the English Civil War, Newark was a Royalist stronghold, Charles I having raised his standard in nearby Nottingham. "Newark was besieged on three occasions and finally surrendered only when ordered to do so by the King after his own surrender." It was attacked in February 1643 by two troops of horsemen, but beat them back. The town fielded at times as many as 600 soldiers, and raided Nottingham, Grantham , Northampton , Gainsborough and other places with mixed success, but enough to cause it to rise to national notice. In 1644 Newark
4998-406: The creation of a separate entity. In 664, Æthelwald of East Anglia died, and was succeeded by Ealdwulf , who reigned for fifty years. Almost nothing is known of Mercian relations with East Anglia during this time; East Anglia had previously been dominated by Northumbria, but there is no evidence that this continued after Wulfhere's accession. Swithhelm of the East Saxons also died in 664; he
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#17328549276055096-410: The creation of a town hall next to the Market Place. Designed by John Carr of York and completed in 1776, Newark Town Hall is now a Grade I listed building, housing a museum and art gallery. In 1775 the Duke of Newcastle , at the time the Lord of the Manor and a major landowner in the area, built a new brick bridge with stone facing to replace a dilapidated one next to the Castle. This is still one of
5194-448: The dedication of Wulfhere's gift both Archbishop Deusdedit (died 664), and Bishop Jaruman (held office from 663), were present. The endowment was signed by Wulfhere and Oswiu, and by Sigehere and Sæbbi , the Kings of Essex . In 661, Wulfhere is recorded in the Chronicle as harrying Ashdown, in West Saxon territory. The Gewisse , thought to be the original group from which the West Saxons came, appear to have originally settled in
5292-402: The defences was destroyed, including the Castle, which was left in essentially the state it can be seen today. The Queen's Sconce was left largely untouched; its remains are in Sconce and Devon Park . About 1770 the Great North Road around Newark (now the A616) was raised on a long series of arches to ensure it remained clear of the regular floods. A special Act of Parliament in 1773 allowed
5390-436: The domination of a stronger one. Oswiu went further than this, however, and installed his own governors in Mercia after the deaths of Penda and Peada. This attempt to establish close control of Mercia failed in 658 when three Mercian leaders, Immin, Eafa and Eadbert, rebelled against the Northumbrians. Bede reports that they had kept Wulfhere in hiding, and when the revolt succeeded Wulfhere became king. It has been suggested that
5488-400: The dynasty is therefore known as the Iclingas . The earliest Mercian king about whom definite historical information has survived is Penda of Mercia , Wulfhere's father. According to Bede's Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum , a history of the English church, there were seven early Anglo-Saxon rulers who held imperium , or overlordship, over the other kingdoms. The fifth of these
5586-402: The east of Nottinghamshire was established in the period of Anglo-Saxon rule (10th–11th centuries). Newark Castle was originally a fortified manor house founded by the Anglo-Saxon King Edward the Elder. In 1073, Remigius de Fécamp , Bishop of Lincoln, put up an earthwork motte-and-bailey fortress on the site. The river bridge was built about this time under a charter from Henry I , as
5684-441: The ecclesiastical establishment who supplied him with additional information. This does not seem to have been the case with Mercia, about which Bede is less informative than about other kingdoms. Further sources for this period include the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , compiled at the end of the 9th century in Wessex . The Chronicle' s anonymous scribe appears to have incorporated much information recorded in earlier periods. Wulfhere
5782-484: The factory. Of the output, 250,000 tonnes are processed and supplied to food and drink manufacturers in the UK and across Europe. At the heart of the Newark factory's operations is a combined heat and power (CHP) plant, with boilers fuelled by natural gas to meet the site's steam and electricity requirements and contribute to the grid enough power for 800 homes. The installation is rated under the government CHP environmental quality-assurance scheme. Other major employers are
5880-502: The form of treasure, to secure Penda's departure. On the way back to Mercia, Oswiu overtook Penda and on 15 November 655 Oswiu and Penda fought on the banks of the (unidentified) River Winwaed . Penda was killed and beheaded by Oswiu, who divided Mercia into northern and southern halves. The northern portion was kept under direct Northumbrian control; the southern kingdom was given to Penda's son Peada, who had married Oswiu's daughter Ealhflæd ca 653. Peada did not remain king long. He
5978-479: The inhabitants. According to the Chronicle , this was the first time Christian baptism had reached the island. In the early 670s, Cenwealh of Wessex died, and perhaps as a result of the stress caused by Wulfhere's military activity the West Saxon kingdom fragmented and came to be ruled by underkings, according to Bede. Eventually these underkings were defeated and the kingdom reunited, probably by Cædwalla but possibly by Centwine . A decade after Wulfhere's death,
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#17328549276056076-405: The marriage between Æthelwealh and Eafe may well have taken place at Wulfhere's court, since it is known Æthelwealh was converted there. The kingdom of the Hwicce is sometimes regarded as a creation of Penda's, but it is equally likely that the kingdom existed independently of Mercia, and that Penda and Wulfhere's increasing influence in the area represented an extension of Mercian power rather than
6174-461: The mercenary to leave. Around the time of Edward III 's death in 1377, " Poll tax records show an adult population of 1,178, excluding beggars and clergy, making Newark one of the biggest 25 or so towns in England." In 1457 a flood swept away the bridge over the Trent. Although there was no legal requirement to do so, the Bishop of Lincoln, John Chadworth , funded a new bridge of oak with stone defensive towers at either end. In January 1571 or 1572,
6272-435: The people of that province. This would in turn imply Wulfhere's domination of that province by that time. Wulfhere's influence among the Lindesfara, whose territory, Lindsey , lay in what is now Lincolnshire , is known from information about episcopal authority. At least one of the Mercian bishops of Lichfield is known to have exercised authority there: Wynfrith , who became bishop on Chad's death in 672. In addition it
6370-406: The period 1156–1329, under a series of charters from the Bishop of Lincoln. After his death, Henry III tried to bring order to the country, but the mercenary Robert de Gaugy refused to yield Newark Castle to the Bishop of Lincoln , its rightful owner. This led to the Dauphin of France (later King Louis VIII of France ) laying an eight-day siege on behalf of the king, ended by an agreement to pay
6468-406: The price to 3d. Upon Tomlinson's death his son-in-law Mr Whiles became the sole owner of the Advertiser. In 1874 Cornelius Brown became editor of the Newark Advertiser . Within months of taking the editor's chair, Brown was ready to buy a half-share in the newspaper, for which he paid Mr Whiles £600. The Newark Advertiser Co Ltd was incorporated on 19 September 1882. When Whiles died in 1900, he
6566-413: The reign of Offa of Mercia , or Edwin or Oswiu of Northumbria. Britain had been Christianised under the Romans , but the incoming Anglo-Saxons practiced their indigenous religion ( Anglo-Saxon paganism ) and the church in Great Britain was limited to the surviving British kingdoms in Scotland and Wales, and the kingdom of Dumnonia in the southwest of England. Missionaries from Rome began converting
6664-574: The site at peak times. Flowserve, formerly Ingersoll Dresser Pumps , has a manufacturing facility in the town. Project Telecom in Brunel Drive was bought by Vodafone in 2003 for a reported £163 million. Since 1985, Newark has been host to the biggest antiques outlet in Europe, the Newark International Antiques and Collectors Fair, held bi-monthly at Newark Showground. Newark has plentiful antique shops and centres. Newark hosts Newark Rugby Union Football Club, whose players have included Dusty Hare , John Wells , Greig Tonks and Tom Ryder . The town has
6762-473: The south as a result; in 675, Æscwine , one of the kings of the West Saxons, fought him at Biedanheafde. It is not known where this battle was, or who was the victor. Henry of Huntingdon , a 12th-century historian who had access to versions of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle now lost, believed that Mercians had been the victors in a "terrible battle" and remarks upon Wulfhere having inherited "the valour of his father and grandfather". Kirby, however, presumes Æscwine
6860-419: The southeast is of more local domination, with Oswiu's influence unlikely to have been particularly strong. Wulfhere appears to have taken over Oswiu's position in many instances. Bede does not list him as one of the rulers who exercised imperium , but modern historians consider that the rise to primacy of the kingdom of Mercia began in his reign. He seems to have been the effective overlord of Britain south of
6958-432: The succession, as through his marriage to Eormenhild he was the uncle of Egbert's two sons, Eadric and Wihtred . It has been speculated that Wulfhere acted as the effective ruler of Kent in the interregnum between Egbert's death and Hlothhere's accession. Another Mercian connection to Kent was through Merewalh , the king of the Magonsæte , and hence a subking under Wulfhere. Merewalh, who may have been Wulfhere's brother,
7056-477: The town on the line of the ancient Great North Road . The town's origins are likely to be Roman , as it lies on a major Roman road, the Fosse Way . It grew up around Newark Castle , St Mary Magdalene church and later developed as a centre for the wool and cloth trades. In the English Civil War , it was besieged by Parliamentary forces and relieved by Royalist forces under Prince Rupert . Newark has
7154-512: The town's defences had been much strengthened. Two major forts had been built just outside the town, one called the Queen's Sconce to the south-west, and another, the King's Sconce, to the north-east, both close to the river, with defensive walls and a water-filled ditch of 2¼ miles around the town. The King's May 1646 order to surrender was only accepted under protest by the town's garrison. After that, much of
7252-470: The town's major thoroughfares today. A noted 18th-century advocate of reform in Newark was the printer and newspaper owner Daniel Holt (1766–1799). He was imprisoned for printing a leaflet advocating parliamentary reform and for selling a pamphlet by Thomas Paine . In a milieu of parliamentary reform, the Duke of Newcastle evicted over a hundred Newark tenants whom he believed to support directly or indirectly at
7350-461: The two men may have both come from a Middle Anglian dynasty, with Wulfhere perhaps having placed Frithuwold on the throne of Surrey. The charter is witnessed by three other subkings, named Osric, Wigheard, and Æthelwold; their kingdoms are not identified but the charter mentions Sonning, a province in what is now eastern Berkshire , and it may be that one of these subkings was a ruler of the Sunningas,
7448-518: The upper Thames valley, and what records survive of the 6th century show them active in that region. The Mercian resurgence under Wulfhere placed them under severe pressure. Also in the early 660s, the West Saxon see of Dorchester , in the same area, was divided, and a new bishopric set up at Winchester . This decision was probably a reaction to the advance of the Mercians into the traditional heartland of
7546-460: The wool trade," though it industrialised somewhat in the Victorian era and later had an ironworks, engineering, brewing and a sugar refinery. The A1 bypass was opened in 1964 by the then Minister of Transport, Ernest Marples . The single-carriageway, £34 million A46 opened in October 1990. Following years of planning, preparatory work was started in 2023 to create an extension and bypass-link from
7644-467: The years 667–69, while Wilfrid was at Ripon , Wulfhere frequently invited him to come to Mercia when there was need of the services of a bishop. According to Stephen, Wulfhere rewarded Wilfrid with "many tracts of land", in which Wilfrid "soon established minsters for servants of God". According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , Wulfhere endowed a major monastery at Medeshamstede , in modern Peterborough. The monastery had initially been endowed by Peada; for
7742-427: Was Edwin of Northumbria , who was killed at the Battle of Hatfield Chase by a combined force including Cadwallon , a British king of Gwynedd and Penda. At the time of this victory, Penda was probably not yet king of Mercia. His children included two future kings of Mercia: Wulfhere and Æthelred . After Edwin's death, Northumbria briefly fell apart into its two constituent kingdoms - Bernicia and Deira . Within
7840-454: Was King of Mercia from 658 until 675 AD. He was the first Christian king of all of Mercia , though it is not known when or how he converted from Anglo-Saxon paganism . His accession marked the end of Oswiu of Northumbria 's overlordship of southern England, and Wulfhere extended his influence over much of that region. His campaigns against the West Saxons led to Mercian control of much of
7938-433: Was 27,700 and the district of Newark and Sherwood has a population of 75,000 at the 2011 Census. The Office for National Statistics also identifies a wider "Newark-on-Trent built up area" with a 2011 census population of 43,363 and a "Newark-on-Trent built up area subdivision" with a population of 37,084. In the 2011 census, 77 per cent of adults in the town are employed, according to the latest ONS data. By road, Newark
8036-469: Was St Leonard's Hospital. The bishopric also gained from the king a charter to hold a five-day fair at the castle each year, and under King Stephen to establish a mint. King John died of dysentery in Newark Castle in 1216. The town became a local centre for the wool and cloth trade – by the time of Henry II a major market was held there. Wednesday and Saturday markets in the town were founded in
8134-601: Was besieged by forces from Nottingham, Lincoln and Derby , until relieved in March by Prince Rupert . Parliament commenced a new siege towards the end of January 1645 after more raiding, but this was relieved about a month later by Sir Marmaduke Langdale . Newark cavalry fought with the king's forces, which were decisively defeated in the Battle of Naseby , near Leicester in June 1645. The final siege began in November 1645, by which time
8232-856: Was consecrated in 1979. Other places of worship include three Methodist churches, the Baptist Church in Albert Street, and the Church of Promise, founded in 2007. In 2014 the Newark Odinist Temple, a Grade II listed building in Bede House Lane, was consecrated according to the rites of the Odinist Fellowship , making it the first heathen temple operating in England in modern times. Wulfhere of Mercia Wulfhere or Wulfar (died 675)
8330-532: Was defeated. He died, probably of disease, in 675. Wulfhere was succeeded as King of Mercia by his brother, Æthelred . Stephen of Ripon 's Life of Wilfrid describes Wulfhere as "a man of proud mind, and insatiable will". England in AD 600 was ruled almost entirely by the Anglo-Saxon peoples who had come to Britain from northwestern Europe over the previous 200 years. The monk Bede , writing in about AD 731, considered
8428-458: Was divided again: Oswald's son Oswiu succeeded to the throne of Bernicia , and Osric 's son Oswine to Deira , the southern of the two kingdoms. The main source for this period is Bede's History , completed in about 731. Despite its focus on the history of the church, this work also provides valuable information about the early pagan kingdoms. For other kingdoms than his native Northumbria, such as Wessex and Kent, Bede had an informant within
8526-490: Was killed. It is thought at least as likely that Penda was 50 years old at his death, rather than at his accession. Wulfhere's date of birth is unknown, but Bede describes him as a youth at the time of his accession in 658, so it is likely he was in his middle teens at that time; Penda would then have been in his thirties at the time Wulfhere was born. Nothing is known of Wulfhere's childhood. He had two brothers, Peada and Æthelred, and two sisters, Cyneburh and Cyneswith; it
8624-510: Was married to Hlothhere's sister, Eormenburh. Surrey is not recorded as ever having been an independent kingdom, but was at least a province that was under the control of different neighbours at different times. It was ruled by Egbert until the early 670s, when a charter shows Wulfhere confirming a grant made to Bishop Eorcenwald by Frithuwold , a sub-king in Surrey, which may have extended north into modern Buckinghamshire . Frithuwold himself
8722-411: Was murdered at Easter in 656, perhaps with the connivance of his wife, Oswiu's daughter. Oswiu then ruled all Mercia himself. Bede lists Oswiu as the seventh and last king to hold imperium (or bretwalda in the language of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ) over the other Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. Overlordship was a common relationship between kingdoms at this time, often taking the form of a lesser king under
8820-509: Was murdered six months later. Wulfhere came to the throne when Mercian nobles organized a revolt against Northumbrian rule in 658 and drove out Oswiu's governors. By 670, when Oswiu died, Wulfhere was the most powerful king in southern England. He was effectively the overlord of England south of the Humber from the early 660s, although not overlord of Northumbria as his father had been. In 674, he challenged Oswiu's son Ecgfrith of Northumbria , but
8918-419: Was probably married to Wilburh, Wulfhere's sister. The charter, made from Thame , is dated between 673 and 675, and it was probably Egbert's death that triggered Wulfhere's intervention. A witness named Frithuric is recorded on a charter in the reign of Wulfhere's successor, Æthelred, making a grant to the monastery of Peterborough, and the alliteration common in Anglo-Saxon dynasties has led to speculation that
9016-589: Was sold to Iliffe Media in 2018. This English newspaper–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Newark-on-Trent Newark-on-Trent ( / ˌ nj uː ər k -/ ) or Newark is a market town and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district in Nottinghamshire , England. It is on the River Trent , and was historically a major inland port . The A1 road bypasses
9114-519: Was succeeded by his son Herbert Whiles. In 1903 J. C. Kew came on to the Advertiser scene in a significant way. He had already been writing for the paper for some years and also ran a coal business at Beaumond Cross. Brown at the age of 51 decided to hand over some of his editorial responsibilities to Kew who was then 35. Cornelius Brown died on 4 November 1907 and Kew became editor. Kew was succeeded by his nephew Cyril Parlby as editor in 1930. Cyril Parlby
9212-484: Was succeeded by his son Roger Parlby in 1967. The year after Mr Parlby was made editor, the Advertiser became the first newspaper in the country to invest in a web-offset printing press to ensure better photograph reproduction. The press made colour printing possible and the Advertiser carried full colour in 1968 before most national newspapers. Roger Parlby continued as editor until 1984 when he became editor-in-chief. He held this role until his death in 2014. The Advertiser
9310-435: Was succeeded by his two sons, Sigehere and Sæbbi , and Bede describes their accession as "rulers ... under Wulfhere, king of the Mercians". A plague the same year caused Sigehere and his people to recant their Christianity, and according to Bede, Wulfhere sent Jaruman, the bishop of Lichfield , to reconvert the East Saxons. Jaruman was not the first bishop of Lichfield; Bede mentions a predecessor, Trumhere, but nothing
9408-405: Was sufficiently successful to break Wulfhere's hold over Wessex. Wulfhere died later in 675. The cause of death, according to Henry of Huntingdon, was disease. He would have been in his mid-thirties. His widow, Eormenhild, is thought to have later become the abbess of Ely . Æthelred, Wulfhere's brother, succeeded to the throne and reigned for nearly thirty years. Æthelred recovered Lindsey from
9506-496: Was the king of Kent at Wulfhere's accession, and the two families became connected when Wulfhere married Eorcenberht's daughter Eormenhild. In 664 Eorcenberht's son Egbert succeeded to the Kentish throne. The situation in Kent at Egbert's death in 673 is not clearly recorded. It appears that a year passed before Hlothhere , Egbert's brother, became king. Wulfhere may have had an interest in
9604-505: Was the son of Penda of Mercia. Penda's queen, Cynewise, is named by Bede, who does not mention her children; no other wives of Penda are known and so it is likely but not certain that she was Wulfhere's mother. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle gives Penda's age as fifty in 626, and credits him with a thirty-year reign, but this would put Penda at eighty years old at the time of his death, which is generally thought unlikely as two of his sons (Wulfhere and Æthelred) are recorded as being young when he
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