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49-963: Formed in 1946, NORD was among the first of its kind in the United States. It won accolades early in its history, being considered progressive by the standards of the mid-twentieth century. As of 2010, the New Orleans Recreation Department Commission provides administrative oversight for NORD. In 2017, NORD was accredited by the National Recreation and Park Association. Although its activities emphasize sports, they are not limited to sports and include activities such as music, theater and dance. The New Orleans City Council created NORD with City Ordinance No. 16,630 on September 27, 1946, going into effect on January 1, 1947. Mayor deLesseps S. Morrison had started to press for its creation from his time campaigning for mayor while still

98-484: A comprehensive way, and administration was inefficiently divided among approximately 16 different government agencies. Morrison's interest in creating NORD began with a pitch by Lester Lautenschlaeger , John Brechtel, G. Gernon Brown, and Morris Jeff. Lautenschlaeger was a noted local athlete and civic leader. Brechtel was an administrator for the New Orleans Juvenile Sports Association. Brown

147-502: A fair distribution of the costs, risks, and rewards of these new capabilities. Many techno-progressive critics and supporters believe that while improved democracy, increased justice, decreased violence, and a broader culture of rights are all desirable, they are insufficient on their own to address the problems of modern technological societies unless and until they are accompanied by scientific and technological advancements that uphold and apply these ideals. Eponymous An eponym

196-573: A member of the Louisiana State Legislature . Morrison maintained his interest in the organization through his term of office. By 1949, the juvenile delinquency rate in New Orleans declined by 50%, with NORD receiving some credit for the change. The immediate forerunner of NORD was the New Orleans Juvenile Sports Association which was established during World War II . This association did not manage recreational activities and facilities in

245-456: A movement away from barbarism toward civilization . 18th-century philosopher and political scientist Marquis de Condorcet predicted that political progress would involve the disappearance of slavery , the rise of literacy , the lessening of sex inequality , reform of prisons , which at the time were harsh, and the decline of poverty. Modernity or modernisation was a key form of the idea of progress as promoted by classical liberals in

294-462: A need for measures to address these problems. Progressivism has influenced various political movements. Social liberalism was influenced by British liberal philosopher John Stuart Mill 's conception of people being "progressive beings." British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli developed progressive conservatism under one-nation Toryism . In France, the space between social revolution and

343-399: A person – or, less commonly, a place or thing – for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. Eponym may also refer to someone or something named after, or believed to be named after, a person – or, less commonly, a place or thing. A person, place, or thing named after a particular person share an eponymous relationship. In this way, Elizabeth I of England is the eponym of

392-402: A range of diverse political pressure groups , not always united, progressives rejected social Darwinism , believing that the problems society faced, such as class warfare , greed , poverty , racism and violence , could best be addressed by providing good education, a safe environment, and an efficient workplace. Progressives lived mainly in the cities, were college educated, and believed in

441-462: A recreation department that would make you weep, one that is underfunded and under-prioritized. We found many of NORD's facilities are in shambles — swimming pools without filtration systems, no restrooms and no shower facilities." As part of his efforts to reform NORD, Landrieu established the NORD Commission in 2010, to serve as a governing body for NORD. At nearly the same time, Landrieu created

490-1029: A result of a public-private partnership between the city of New Orleans, the AllState Sugar Bowl , the Nike Corporation , and the Brees Dream Foundation . Although NORD emphasizes programs for children, it provides programs for people of all ages. As of 2017, NORD operated 15 swimming pools and 12 community centers . In addition to sports, NORD provides music instruction, exercise programs, youth summer camps, art classes, programs for professional development, and homework help for school-age children. Programs include ones for people with special needs . NORD has programs specifically designed to encourage participation of girls and young women in sports. Representative NORD facilities include, among others: A 1949 article by Life Magazine reported that Associate Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark referred to NORD as

539-658: A strong central government. President Theodore Roosevelt of the Republican Party and later the Progressive Party declared that he "always believed that wise progressivism and wise conservatism go hand in hand." President Woodrow Wilson was also a member of the American progressive movement within the Democratic Party . Progressive stances have evolved. Imperialism was a controversial issue within progressivism in

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588-545: Is a person, a place, or a thing after which or for which someone or something is, or is believed to be, named. Adjectives derived from the word eponym include eponymous and eponymic . Eponyms are commonly used for time periods, places, innovations, biological nomenclature, astronomical objects, works of art and media, and tribal names. Various orthographic conventions are used for eponyms. The term eponym functions in multiple related ways, all based on an explicit relationship between two named things. Eponym may refer to

637-487: Is classified as a (cultural or social) progressive party, but it calls itself "economically centrist and socially liberal". Economic progressivism —also New Progressive Economics —is a term used to distinguish it from progressivism in cultural fields. Economic progressives may draw from a variety of economic traditions, including democratic capitalism , democratic socialism , social democracy , and social liberalism . Overall, economic progressives' views are rooted in

686-678: Is directed by the NORD Commission, which is a group of community leaders appointed by the mayor of New Orleans and who serve on the commission without compensation. City funding of NORD is supplemented by the NORD Foundation, and, in this way, NORD operates as a public-private partnership . The government of the State of Louisiana has funded some NORD projects. The Federal Emergency Management Agency has provided public funding for some projects that were part of NORD's recovery from Hurricane Katrina. Improvements to NORD's Joe W. Brown Park were completed as

735-428: Is often associated with social liberalism , a left-leaning type of liberalism, and social democracy . Within economic progressivism , there is some ideological variety on the social liberal to social democrat continuum, as well as occasionally some variance on cultural issues; examples of this include some Christian democrat and conservative-leaning communitarian movements. While many ideologies can fall under

784-494: The Elizabethan era , but the Elizabethan era can also be referred to as the eponym of Elizabeth I of England . Eponyms may be named for things or places, for example 10 Downing Street , a building named after its street address. Adjectives and verbs may be eponyms, for example bowdlerize . Adjectives derived from the word eponym include eponymous and eponymic . When Henry Ford is referred to as "the eponymous founder of

833-743: The Ford Motor Company ", his surname "Ford" and the name of the motor company have an eponymous relationship. The word "eponym" can also refer to the title character of a fictional work (such as Rocky Balboa of the Rocky film series ), as well as to self-titled works named after their creators (such as the album The Doors by the band the Doors ). Walt Disney created the eponymous Walt Disney Company , with his name similarly extended to theme parks such as Walt Disney World . Medical eponymous terms are often called medical eponyms , although that usage

882-455: The Jim Crow era of the southern United States . For this reason, NORD facilities were racially segregated through its early history. Shortly after inception, NORD provided 19 facilities for the black community and more than 100 for the white community. At that time, the demographics of New Orleans were about 32% African-American, and so NORD was disproportionately supporting the white people of

931-768: The Social Gospel emerged in North America that focused on challenging economic exploitation and poverty and, by the mid-1890s, was common in many Protestant theological seminaries in the United States. Early 20th-century progressivism included support for American engagement in World War I and the creation of and participation in the League of Nations , compulsory sterilisation in Scandinavia, and eugenics in Great Britain, and

980-529: The founders of the American Republic , whereby the authority of government depends on observing limitations on its just powers. What began as a social movement in the 1890s grew into a popular political movement referred to as the Progressive era ; in the 1912 United States presidential election , all three U.S. presidential candidates claimed to be progressives. While the term progressivism represents

1029-576: The human condition through social reform – primarily based on purported advancements in social organization , science , and technology . Adherents hold that progressivism has universal application and endeavor to spread this idea to human societies everywhere. Progressivism arose during the Age of Enlightenment out of the belief that civility in Europe was improving due to the application of new empirical knowledge . In modern political discourse, progressivism

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1078-592: The socialist movement of the time and as humane ways to assist in maintaining the Industrial Revolution . In 1891, the Roman Catholic Church encyclical Rerum novarum issued by Pope Leo XIII condemned the exploitation of labor and urged support for labor unions and government regulation of businesses in the interests of social justice while upholding the property right and criticising socialism. A progressive Protestant outlook called

1127-535: The socially conservative laissez-faire centre-right was filled with the emergence of radicalism which thought that social progress required anti-clericalism , humanism , and republicanism . Especially anti-clericalism was the dominant influence on the centre-left in many French- and Romance-speaking countries until the mid-20th century. In Imperial Germany , Chancellor Otto von Bismarck enacted various progressive social welfare measures out of paternalistic conservative motivations to distance workers from

1176-408: The temperance movement . Progressives believed that progress was stifled by economic inequality , inadequately regulated monopolistic corporations, and conflict between workers and elites, arguing that corrective measures were needed. In the United States, progressivism began as an intellectual rebellion against the political philosophy of Constitutionalism as expressed by John Locke and

1225-585: The 19th and 20th centuries, who called for the rapid modernisation of the economy and society to remove the traditional hindrances to free markets and the free movements of people. In the late 19th century, a political view rose in popularity in the Western world that progress was being stifled by vast economic inequality between the rich and the poor, minimally regulated laissez-faire capitalism with out-of-control monopolistic corporations , intense and often violent conflict between capitalists and workers, with

1274-418: The NORD Foundation, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization charged with supplementing the finances of NORD. NORD states its mission as being "to advance the physical, mental, and social well-being of New Orleanians by providing safe and welcoming environments for recreational, athletic, and cultural experiences." Day-to-day operations of NORD are the responsibility of its chief executive officer . NORD

1323-495: The NORD facilities after the hurricane was slow. Some New Orleans residents attempted reconstruction with private funds, although city government had not cooperated as of 2010. Revitalization of NORD began in earnest when Mitch Landrieu became mayor of New Orleans in 2010. In his first State of the City speech, on July 8, 2010, Landrieu stated: "... when I came into office 67 days ago, I found

1372-682: The Poydras Playground which was the first play center in New Orleans. Stallings served on the New Orleans Playground Commission from 1911 to 1940 and was the commission's first president. She was the founder and first president of the New Orleans Outdoor Art and Improvement Association which was the forerunner of the New Orleans Parkway Commission. Stallings served on the zoning board of the city and

1421-558: The banner of progressivism, both the current and historical movement are characterized by a critique of unregulated capitalism, desiring a more active democratic government to take a role in safeguarding human rights , bringing about cultural development , and being a check-and-balance on corporate monopolies . There are differences in specific approaches between factions, including capitalist-leaning social liberals and social democrats versus some anti-capitalist democratic socialists . Immanuel Kant identified progress as being

1470-536: The black community in New Orleans responded by forming the Target Areas Recreation Committee (TARC), which was established to call attention to the inadequate focus on black children in the city. NORD was already in a state of decline by the time of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Many of NORD's facilities were seriously damaged by the hurricane, remaining in a state of significant disrepair and neglect at least until 2010 when reform movements began. At

1519-659: The city government funded NORD from the city's general funds, while Lautenschlaeger supplemented funding by soliciting private donations. Public recreation facilities in New Orleans can be traced to the work of civic leader Olive A. Stallings (1866-1940). Following her attendance at a 1906 meeting of the National Recreation Association in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania USA, Stallings became interested in providing publicly available recreation facilities in her hometown of New Orleans. In 1906, Stallings funded and established

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1568-434: The city. In 1947, at the time that the city of New Orleans created NORD, Mayor Morrison established an advisory commission of African American community leaders as part of NORD's organization. In 1948, NORD opened Shakespeare Park and Julius Rosenwald Center specifically for African-Americans as segregated operations. During the period of segregation, NORD maintained a "negro division". While NORD disproportionately supported

1617-462: The concept of social justice and the common good , and aim to improve the human condition through government regulation , social protections and the maintenance of public goods . Some economic progressives may show centre-right views on cultural issues. These movements are related to communitarian conservative movements such as Christian democracy and one-nation conservatism . An early mention of techno-progressivism appeared in 1999 as

1666-471: The democratic process. The unifying theme is to call attention to the negative impacts of current institutions or ways of doing things and to advocate for social progress , i.e., for positive change as defined by any of several standards such as the expansion of democracy , increased egalitarianism in the form of economic and social equality as well as improved well being of a population. Proponents of social democracy have identified themselves as promoting

1715-465: The departure of white people to the suburbs. The opponents of the proposal pointed to the integration of the Samuel Square park as a "public disgrace", claiming the same would happen to Palmer Park should it become part of NORD. Although this proposal to New Orleans voters failed, Palmer Park subsequently became part of the city's park system in 1977, resulting in decisive racial integration. Members of

1764-410: The extent possible, and so, with the new constructions, had 91 playgrounds, 17 swimming pools, and 8 sports stadiums. At that time, it sponsored 25 baseball leagues. Nearly from the start, its programs included classes and workshops for theater, dance, arts & crafts , and youth day camps. NORD has also provided programs for senior citizens since its earliest days. Under Morrison's city leadership,

1813-441: The late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly in the United States, where some progressives supported American imperialism while others opposed it. In response to World War I , President Woodrow Wilson 's Fourteen Points established the concept of national self-determination and criticised imperialist competition and colonial injustices. Anti-imperialists supported these views in areas resisting imperial rule. During

1862-545: The most progressive municipal recreation program in the United States. In 1967, NORD was named Outstanding Organization by the Allstate Sugar Bowl . With its 2017 accreditation by the National Recreation and Park Association, NORD became part of just 1% of all the recreation departments in the United States which have earned this distinction. Progressivism Progressivism is a left-leaning political philosophy and reform movement that seeks to advance

1911-521: The period of acceptance of economic Keynesianism (the 1930s–1970s), there was widespread acceptance in many nations of a large role for state intervention in the economy. With the rise of neoliberalism and challenges to state interventionist policies in the 1970s and 1980s, centre-left progressive movements responded by adopting the Third Way , which emphasised a major role for the market economy . There have been social democrats who have called for

1960-416: The progressive cause. Progressivism, in the general sense, mainly means social and cultural progressivism. The term cultural liberalism is used in a substantially similar context and can be said to be a synonym for cultural progressivism. Unlike progressives in a broader sense, some cultural progressives may be economically centrist , conservative , or politically libertarian . The Czech Pirate Party

2009-451: The removal of "all political, cultural, biological, and psychological limits to self-actualization and self-realization". According to techno-progressivism, scientific and technical aspects of progress are linked to ethical and social developments in society. Therefore, according to the majority of techno-progressive viewpoints, advancements in science and technology will not be considered proper progress until and unless they are accompanied by

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2058-563: The social-democratic movement to move past Third Way. Prominent progressive conservative elements in the British Conservative Party have criticised neoliberalism. In the 21st century, progressives continue to favour public policy that they theorise will reduce or lessen the harmful effects of economic inequality as well as systemic discrimination such as institutional racism ; to advocate for social safety nets and workers' rights ; and to oppose corporate influence on

2107-480: The subsequent decline of the quality and quantity of NORD's programs and facilities. Voters in New Orleans rejected a proposal to incorporate Palmer Park in the Carrollton section of New Orleans into NORD, which would have resulted in racial integration of this all-white park. Opponents of the proposal claimed that racial integration of the park would result in declining property values in the neighborhood and accelerate

2156-427: The time of a 2010 survey of NORD facilities, five years after Hurricane Katrina, seven of NORD's sixteen swimming pools were open, with many of its community centers closed or destroyed. The survey showed that the NORD facilities in the more affluent sections of New Orleans received preferential treatment. NORD facilities on the west bank of the city were undamaged in comparison to those on the east bank. Reconstruction of

2205-510: The time of the Supreme Court decision, and he refused to comply with the court's decision. Then mayor Moon Landrieu removed Lautenschlaeger from the post, thereby clearing the way for racial integration of NORD's programs and facilities. City leaders in New Orleans reacted to the requirement by the courts to integrate NORD facilities by closing swimming pools and other NORD facilities. Public funding for NORD also diminished. These events led to

2254-517: The time. Morrison appointed Lautenschlaeger as NORD's first director, with Brechtel as assistant director. Lautenschlaeger voluntarily served as director for a salary of $ 1 per year. Henry Beter served as athletic director for NORD from its inception. Lautenschlaeger, Brechtel, and Beter all had long tenures with NORD and provided forceful administration of the organization. Within 16 months of its inception, NORD constructed 58 new playgrounds and 8 new swimming pools. NORD made use of existing facilities to

2303-558: The white population, NORD provided facilities for the African-American population when previously they had none. An example of such a facility was Lincoln Beach. NORD remained racially segregated until after the 1963 Barthe v. City of New Orleans court decision. In 1964, the United States Supreme Court upheld the decision, initiating the desegregation of NORD. Lester Lautenschlaeger was still serving as NORD's director at

2352-413: Was a prominent local high school football coach; and Jeff was the athletic director at Xavier University of New Orleans , an historically black university . This pitch presentation occurred while Morrison was engaged in his political campaign to become mayor of New Orleans. With Mayor Morrison's sponsorship, the city of New Orleans appropriated $ 300,000 to create NORD, which was a large sum of money for

2401-541: Was the founder of the first Girl Scouts organization in the New Orleans. By 1938, aided by Stallings's efforts, New Orleans had 18 playgrounds and 6 swimming pools for purposes of general recreation. In 1929, the New Orleans Times-Picayune newspaper presented Stallings with its Loving Cup Award for her efforts on civic improvement, especially children's recreation. NORD has a Stallings Playground, eponymous to her. The 1947 creation of NORD coincided with

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