74-678: New Durham may refer to: Places [ edit ] In Canada Located near Norwich, Ontario In the United Kingdom New Durham, Durham , east of Durham In the United States New Durham Township, LaPorte County, Indiana New Durham, New Hampshire New Durham, Middlesex County, New Jersey New Durham, North Bergen , New Jersey See also [ edit ] Durham (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
148-406: A change of 2.9% from its 2016 population of 10,835 . With a land area of 424.01 km (163.71 sq mi), it had a population density of 26.3/km (68.1/sq mi) in 2021. Population trend: The township government, Norwich Township Council, consists of four councillors based on wards and a mayor. Norwich has four wards: Ward 1 is South Norwich including Otterville. Ward 2 consists of
222-920: A completely Quaker settlement. In 1799, the Township of Norwich was laid out by surveyor William Hambly into lines and concessions and 200-acre (0.81 km ) lots. The post office dates from 1829 onward. The township was divided into North and South Norwich Townships in 1855. In 1809 Peter Lossing, a member of the Society of Friends from Dutchess County , New York , visited Norwich Township, and in June, 1810, with his brother-in-law, Peter De Long, purchased 15,000 acres (61 km ) of land in this area. That autumn Lossing brought his family to Upper Canada and early in 1811 settled in Norwich Township. The De Long family and nine others, principally from Dutchess County, joined Lossing
296-460: A cruel and ruthless sociopath. Despite the strong fictionalisation of the namesake TV-show character, several biographical aspects of the latter's historical counterpart appear to have been adapted for and transferred onto the fictional character Edmund Hewlett. For instance, Hewlett's romantic ambitions regarding Anna Strong in the series resemble Simcoe's courtship of Sarah Townsend , sister of Culper Ring spy Robert Townsend , for whom he wrote
370-407: A dam on the river. The South Norwich Historical Society, on a lease basis, maintains this historic site and offers tours on request. Located in the centre of the village, the mill and its surrounding meadow is the site of an annual barbecue. The pioneers of Oxford Township were slow to develop mills because of lack of any easy mode of transportation to send products to market, but Norwich township had
444-664: A lieutenant-colonel, having been promoted in March 1782. Simcoe wrote a book on his experiences with the Queen's Rangers, titled A Journal of the Operations of the royal Queen's Rangers from the end of the year 1777 to the conclusion of the late American War , which was published in 1787. He served briefly as Inspector General of Recruitment for the British Army, from 1789 until his departure for Upper Canada two years later. Simcoe convalesced at
518-522: A poem that is thought to be the first verifiable valentine on the North American continent. It is presumed that Townsend, much like the fictionalised portrayal of Anna Strong on Turn , may have gathered and passed on intelligence gleaned from her unsuspecting suitor to the Culper Ring. Similarly, Hewlett's close bond with his horse Bucephalus (presumably named after Bucephalus , the horse of Alexander
592-671: A supporter of the government (led by William Pitt the Younger ). As MP, he proposed raising a militia force like the Queen's Rangers. He also proposed to lead an invasion of Spain. But instead he was to be made lieutenant governor of the new loyalist province of Upper Canada . He resigned from Parliament in 1792 on taking up his new post. The Constitutional Act 1791 divided Canada into the Provinces of Upper Canada (Ontario) and Lower Canada (Quebec). The Act established separate governments and legislative assemblies for each province. Lower Canada
666-622: Is Van Cortlandt Park in the Bronx, New York. The battlefield is recognized as the Indian Field there. On 26 October 1779, Simcoe and 80 men launched an attack on central New Jersey from southern Staten Island known as Simcoe's Raid, from what is known today as the Conference House , resulting in the burning of Patriot supplies inside a Dutch Reformed Church in Finderne , including hay and grain;
740-580: Is buried in the Victoria Square Memorial Park on Portland Avenue, Toronto. Francis returned with his father to England when his tenure expired and joined the army. He was killed in an infantry charge during the Peninsular War in 1812. Son Henry Addington Simcoe became an English theologian. Simcoe entered politics in 1790. He was elected Member of Parliament for St Mawes in Cornwall, as
814-581: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Norwich, Ontario The Township of Norwich is a municipality located in Oxford County in Southwestern Ontario , Canada. At the centre of the Township of Norwich is the Town of Norwich. The preferred pronunciation of the town name is / ˈ n ɔːr w ɪ tʃ / NOR -witch , which differs from
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#1732852256260888-694: Is included in the riding of 'Oxford'. Currently, the Federal MP of Oxford is Arpan Khanna and the Provincial MPP is Ernie Hardeman . Norwich's local newspaper, the Norwich Gazette , was shuttered by publisher PostMedia in July, 2018. John Graves Simcoe Lieutenant-General John Graves Simcoe (25 February 1752 – 26 October 1806) was a British Army general and the first lieutenant governor of Upper Canada from 1791 until 1796 in southern Ontario and
962-579: The Battle of Monmouth , in and near Freehold , New Jersey. On 31 August 1778, Lieut. Col. Simcoe earned a victory over Daniel Nimham 's Native American force serving under the Continental Army as the Stockbridge Militia in the Battle of Kingsbridge (also known as the “Stockbridge Massacre”). The skirmish had been planned by Simcoe for an earlier ambush by the same unit, and took place in what today
1036-787: The British Empire , including Upper Canada, in 1834. Simcoe's priority was the Northwest Indian War between the United States and the " Western Confederacy " of Native Americans west of the Appalachian Mountains and south of the Great Lakes (the Shawnee , Miami , Wyandot , and other tribes). This conflict had begun in 1785, and was still raging when Simcoe arrived in 1792. Simcoe had hoped to form an Indian barrier state between
1110-720: The Devon home of his godfather, Admiral Samuel Graves . In 1782, Simcoe married Elizabeth Posthuma Gwillim , his godfather's ward. Elizabeth was a wealthy heiress, who acquired a 5,000-acre (2,000 ha) estate at Honiton in Devon and built Wolford Lodge. Wolford was the Simcoe family seat until 1923. The Simcoes had five daughters before their posting in Canada. Son Francis was born in 1791. Their Canadian-born daughter, Katherine, died in infancy in York . She
1184-642: The French Republic . An assault on the British-held town of Saint-Marc was repulsed, though Haitian forces captured Mirebalais and the Central Plateau. Simcoe was eventually replaced as leader of the expeditionary force in March. Simcoe was appointed colonel of the 81st Foot in 1798, but exchanged the position for the 22nd Foot less than six months later. Simcoe was buried in Wolford Chapel on
1258-489: The Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada while still at Kingston , announced the names and boundaries he had decided upon as political boundaries for Upper Canada . For areas lying to the west of Kingston, he decided that county names would be a " mirror of Britain ". To accomplish this, the sequence of names for counties along Lake Ontario became Northumberland, Durham, York and Lincoln, and for counties along Lake Erie,
1332-626: The Queen's Rangers began cutting the road in August 1793, reaching Holland Landing in 1796. Dundas Street (named for Colonial Secretary Henry Dundas ) ran east–west, between York and London. The Northwest Indian War ended after the United States defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers . They made peace under the Treaty of Greenville . While still at war with France, Britain could not afford to antagonise
1406-517: The watersheds of Georgian Bay and Lake Superior . He founded York , which is now known as Toronto , and was instrumental in introducing institutions such as courts of law, trial by jury , English common law , freehold land tenure, and also in the abolition of slavery in Upper Canada . His long-term goal was the development of Upper Canada (Ontario) as a model community built on aristocratic and conservative principles, designed to demonstrate
1480-611: The "irregular and high-handed proceeding of Mr. Simcoe." While Dorchester planned for a defensive war, Simcoe urged London to declare war: "Upper Canada is not to be defended by remaining within the boundary line." Dorchester was officially reprimanded by the Crown for his strong speech against the Americans in 1794. Simcoe realised that Newark made an unsuitable capital because it was on the Canada–US border and subject to attack. He proposed moving
1554-469: The 1790s. John Earle married Paul's daughter Mary and with Paul Averill Jr. managed the Townsend mills. In 1806, Earle purchased the land surrounding the mill site at Otterville and with his brother-in-law Paul (sometimes referred to as Paul Avery) built the first grist mill on the site. The mill standing today, built in 1845 by Edward Bullock and Herbert Hilliard Cameron Tufford, is run by water power supplied by
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#17328522562601628-679: The Assembly passed the Act Against Slavery in 1793, the first legislation to limit slavery in the British Empire; the English colonists of Upper Canada took pride in this distinction with respect to the French-Canadian populace of Lower Canada. The Upper Canadians valued their common law legal system, as opposed to the civil law of Quebec, which had chafed them ever since 1763. This was one of
1702-598: The Constitutional Act, the provincial government consisted of the Lieutenant-Governor, an appointed Executive Council and Legislative Council, and an elected Legislative Assembly . The first meeting of the nine-member Legislative Council and sixteen-member Legislative Assembly took place at Newark (now Niagara-on-the-Lake ) on 17 September 1792. Following Simcoe's work precipitated by the Chloe Cooley incident,
1776-563: The French colonists that promised to restore the ancien regime , slavery and discrimination against mixed-race colonists, a move that drew criticism from abolitionists William Wilberforce and Thomas Clarkson . After assuming control of the British forces in Saint-Domingue, Simcoe was attacked by Haitian forces under the command of Toussaint Louverture , who at the time was fighting on behalf of
1850-553: The General Store, Anglican church and the Community Hall were levelled. The United Church at the top of the hill had its roof taken completely off and extensive interior damage, but all seven stained glass windows were left intact. One of the homes damaged was that of the last Ingersoll family member resident in the county, and narrowly missed destroying a cherished family keepsake album, which afterwards underwent conservation work at
1924-447: The Great ) which overarches all four seasons, appears to have been inspired by history: in 1783, John Graves Simcoe sent a series of letters to New York in order to find the horse he had ridden on campaign, Salem. Salem was located and Simcoe subsequently paid the considerable sum of £40 to have him shipped to England and thus returned to him. Shortly before his departure to Upper Canada almost
1998-531: The Oxford County Archives and is now proudly displayed at the museum in Ingersoll. Two people lost their lives that day and one senior succumbed a few months later, never returning from hospital. All that remained of Oxford Centre's Anglican church was the foundation and one door hanging from its frame. Neighbours, even people from miles away were kind enough to return little bits of the original church, which
2072-498: The Philadelphia campaign, including a successful surprise attack (planned and executed by Simcoe) at the Battle of Crooked Billet . In 1778, Simcoe led an attack on Judge William Hancock's house during a foraging expedition opposed by Patriot militia . Hancock was also killed, although he was not with the Americans. The attack took place at night and with bayonets. On 28 June of that year, Simcoe and his Queen's Rangers took part in
2146-577: The Simcoe family estate near Honiton , Devon. The Ontario Heritage Foundation acquired title to the chapel in 1982. Many of Simcoe's personal effects including his sword, sabre, and walking cane, may be viewed by appointment at the Archives of Ontario in Toronto . Elizabeth Simcoe's personal effects and hundreds of her watercolour paintings are also available there. Many places in Canada were named in honour of Simcoe: Two places have been named for Simcoe with
2220-609: The Simcoes spent the winter in Quebec City . Simcoe finally reached Kingston, Upper Canada , on 24 June 1792. In a proclamation on 16 July 1792, he renamed several islands at the mouth of the archipelago at the head of the St. Lawrence river to commemorate the British generals of the Seven Years' War ( Amherst Island , Carleton Island , Gage Island , Wolfe Island , and Howe Island ). Under
2294-915: The Six Nations of the Iroquois , who had been British allies during the war. The Crown had purchased land from the Mississauga and other First Nations to give the Loyalists land grants in partial compensation for property lost in the United States, and to help them set up new communities and develop this territory. Simcoe was appointed Lieutenant-Governor on 12 September 1791, and left for Canada with his wife Elizabeth and daughter Sophia, leaving three daughters behind in England with their aunt. They left England in September and arrived in Canada on 11 November. Due to severe weather,
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2368-607: The Townships of East Oxford, North Norwich and South Norwich were amalgamated to create the Township of Norwich. On August 7, 1979, at around 7:00 pm, Norwich was struck by the Woodstock Tornado , one of the largest tornadoes ever to occur in Southern Ontario. The storm cut a path of destruction across Norwich Township from Blows to New Durham, leaving the community of Oxford Centre in a state of total destruction. Several homes,
2442-521: The US and Britain before the year was out. This encouraged the Indians in their war. Dorchester ordered Simcoe to rally the Indians and arm British vessels on the Great Lakes. He also built Fort Miami (present-day Maumee , Ohio) to supply the Indians. Simcoe expelled Americans from a settlement on the southern shore of Lake Erie which had threatened British control of the lake. US President Washington denounced
2516-494: The US in the Jay Treaty of 1794, and agreed to withdraw north of the Great Lakes, as agreed in the Treaty of Paris . Simcoe evacuated the frontier forts. In 1794, Simcoe was appointed to the rank of major general . In July 1796, poor health ( gout and neuralgia ) forced him to return to Britain. He was unable to return to Upper Canada and resigned his office in 1798. From October 1796 until March 1797, Simcoe briefly served as
2590-469: The US reason to mistrust Britain but, at the same time, to keep the Natives on both sides of the border friendly to Britain. The Indians asked for British military support, which was initially refused, but in 1794 Britain supplied the Indians with rifles and ammunition. In February 1794, the governor general , Lord Dorchester , expecting the US to ally with France, said that war was likely to break out between
2664-572: The Village of Norwich. Ward 3 is North Norwich which is the middle portion of township including Burgessville but excluding Norwich village. Ward 4 is East Oxford, it consists of the northern portion of township, including Oxford Centre. As of 2024, the elected council consists of: Mayor: Jim Palmer Councillors: The Township offices, opened in January 2015, are located on Airport Road in the community of Norwich. For provincial and federal elections, Norwich
2738-600: The War of 1812, and Norwich Township's Quaker pioneers were quick to follow. In response to a questionnaire from author and agitator Robert Gourlay in 1817, Norwich farmers submitted a detailed chart showing the progress in the Quaker settlement in its first five years, which Gourlay published in his book about conditions in Upper Canada (see chart on this page). It shows that the 11 pioneer Quaker families brought with them more cows (28) than horses or oxen, and after five years had nearly tripled
2812-510: The approach of contracting with other farmers to buy their milk and haul it to a factory on his farm using a tanker wagon. Whatever profit or loss came from manufacturing cheese was his own. Harvey Farrington was a cheese factory specialist who had come to Norwich from New York state, and at his factory outside Norwichville he contracted with farmers to haul their milk to him and receive payment based on what came from cheese sales after Farrington deducted two cents per pound for his services in running
2886-481: The area around a town site reserved at the "lower forks" in the river, to be called London; Dorchester was the name for a town site at the "middle forks", and the area around the "upper forks" was to be Oxford - the same sequence of names as found along the Thames in England . When legislation was passed in Upper Canada in 1798 to implement these new divisions, Norwich and Dereham were separated from Norfolk County and added to
2960-495: The capital to a more defensible position, in the middle of Upper Canada's southwestern peninsula between Lake Erie and Lake Huron . He named the new location London , and renamed the river there the Thames in anticipation of the change. Dorchester rejected this proposal, but accepted Simcoe's second choice, the present site of Toronto . Simcoe moved the capital there in 1793, and renamed the settlement York after Frederick, Duke of York , King George III 's second son. The town
3034-500: The cemetery there and in front of the elementary school a short distance to the east along what is now known as "The Old Stage Road". The Bostwicks, Ingersolls and Canfields were all New England families who had made their start in the New World in the 1600s, and frontier living had been second nature to them for generations. The Bostwicks and Canfields were kinfolk by marriage and as community leaders in several places. Samuel Canfield Sr.
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3108-534: The commander of the British expeditionary force which was dispatched to captured the French colony of Saint-Domingue (modern-day Haiti ), which was in the midst of a slave rebellion . Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville , who was the Secretary of State for War for prime minister William Pitt the Younger , had instructed Sir Adam Williamson, the lieutenant-governor of Jamaica, to sign an agreement with representatives of
3182-404: The communities of Beaconsfield, Bond's Corners, Brown's Corners, Burgessville, Cornell, Creditville, Curries, Eastwood, Hawtrey, Hink's Corners, Holbrook, Milldale, Muir, Newark, New Durham, Norwich, Oriel, Otterville , Oxford Centre, Rock's Mills, Rosanna, Springford, Summerville, Blows, and Vandecar. Upon his arrival in the province in 1792, the first proclamation issued by John Graves Simcoe ,
3256-399: The course of the next two years, involving numerous journeys back and forth by those involved. In all of this, the first ones to become permanently settled in the township were likely Samuel Canfield Sr. and his wife and sons, who agreed to make their new home into a half-way stopping point for travellers along the road, at what became known as Oxford Centre. This is commemorated with plaques at
3330-471: The early 1770s, and Caleb Blood became the first Baptist missionary in western Upper Canada thirty years later. Settlement in the former Norwich Township came more than fifteen years after Oxford Township. The Norwich settlement was founded by two men: Peter Lossing and Peter De Long. Both were from New York. Peter Lossing's house was the first one in Norwich. It now stands by the old Quaker Meeting House. Both men where Quakers. The town of Norwich commenced as
3404-459: The factory and making the cheese. Smith was first and was the more innovative one, gaining international recognition in 1865 for manufacturing a 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) cheese, but he went bankrupt the following year. Farrington's co-op system became the good news story that ended up being immortalized in published histories and on historical plaques. In 1975, Oxford County underwent countywide municipal restructuring. The Village of Norwich and
3478-432: The family was living in southern Vermont by the time Gideon Bostwick was traveling his Anglican mission circuit which reached there, spreading word of the township grant which had been received in far-away Oxford. Samuel and family agreed to join the new venture, but he brought with him his own faith as a Baptist. He had been a Baptist preacher in Marlow, a community which had been drawn to a missionary named Caleb Blood in
3552-404: The group was headed by the name of Gideon Bostwick, a well-known Church of England (Anglican) missionary in Massachusetts, and the group was granted the township of Oxford-on-the-Thames. The only way to bring settlers into such a wilderness area township was to first build a road from Brantford up to the Thames River, a distance of 30 mi (48 km), and Thomas Ingersoll arranged that work over
3626-435: The local militia company. When the War of Independence came, he rallied the company to support the Continental Army . For this he is still revered as a local hero in Marlow. For he and his family, however, the Marlow years also brought sorrow, because three daughters died and are buried there, two of them lost together in a house fire in 1789. Samuel complained of hearing voices which eventually drove him to quit Marlow, and
3700-403: The military career for which his father had intended him. He was initiated into Freemasonry in Union Lodge, Exeter on 2 November 1773. In 1770, Simcoe entered the British Army as an ensign in the 35th Regiment of Foot , and his unit was dispatched to the Thirteen Colonies . Later, he saw action in the American Revolutionary War during the siege of Boston . After the siege, in July 1776, he
3774-420: The mouth of the Saint Lawrence River a few months prior to the siege of Quebec , and was buried at sea. The family then moved to his mother's parental home in Exeter . His paternal grandparents were William and Mary (née Hutchinson) Simcoe. He was educated at Exeter Grammar School and Eton College . He spent a year at Merton College, Oxford ; he was then admitted to Lincoln's Inn , but decided to follow
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#17328522562603848-446: The names became Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex and Kent. (This was the same sequence of county names in place along the eastern seacoast of England, running from the Scottish boundary down to the English Channel.) The proclamation defined the northern boundary of Norfolk County as being the Thames River. Norwich and Dereham townships were originally within the land area designated as belonging to Norfolk County in Upper Canada, and were named after
3922-453: The natural benefit of Otter Creek running through the township on a course which flowed south to Lake Erie and what became the harbour at Port Burwell. By the 1820s there were several sawmills along the creek in Norwich Township, supplying not only local needs but also rafting sawn timber and lumber down the creek to Port Burwell, for export to New York state. Oxford Township's pioneer farms were already famous for butter and cheese-making before
3996-402: The new Oxford County, which included also Burford, Blenheim, Blandford and Oxford townships - names drawn from Oxfordshire in England. Shortly after returning from this tour, Simcoe received in March 1793 a petition from Thomas Ingersoll and associates asking for grant of a township to which they promised to bring settlers from New England. Simcoe was impressed that the list of associates in
4070-406: The number of cows being kept. By the 1840s, dairy farmers in Oxford, Norwich and Dereham townships were competing each year for top honours at agricultural fairs around the province for butter and cheese-making prizes. In the 1860s, Norwich farmers were the first in Canada to adopt the American factory system for cheese-making, with two different approaches competing for acceptance. Andes Smith took
4144-562: The primary reasons for the partition of 1791. Simcoe collaborated extensively with his Attorney-General John White on the file. The principles of the British Constitution do not admit of that slavery which Christianity condemns . The moment I assume the Government of Upper Canada under no modification will I assent to a law that discriminates by dishonest policy between natives of Africa, America, or Europe. However, this Act did not free anybody directly, and slaves continued to be held across Upper Canada. The Crown abolished slavery throughout
4218-406: The pronunciation / ˈ n ɒr ɪ dʒ / NORR -ij used for the city of Norwich , England. The origin of Norwich, Ontario, is more likely Norwich in upper New York State, the area from which the pioneering families emigrated in the early 19th century, where the community was known as Norwichville. Oxford County Road 59 (formerly Highway 59 ) is the major north–south highway through much of
4292-434: The release of Loyalist prisoners from the Somerset County Courthouse ; and Simcoe's capture by Armand Tuffin de La Rouërie . Simcoe was released at the end of 1779 and rejoined his unit in Virginia . He participated in the Raid on Richmond with Benedict Arnold in January 1781 and was involved in a skirmish near Williamsburg and was at the siege of Yorktown . He was invalided back to England in December of that year as
4366-427: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Durham&oldid=700698736 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
4440-557: The same year and by 1820 an additional group of about fifty had settled within the tract. Many were Quakers and a frame meeting house, planned in 1812, was erected in 1817. These resourceful pioneers founded one of the most successful Quaker communities in Upper Canada. The first mill on the site was built, in 1807, by partners John Earle and Paul Averill Jr. The Averill family was from the Great Barrington area in Massachusetts, where Thomas Ingersoll had lived before coming to Oxford. Paul Averill Sr. had developed mills in Townsend township in
4514-435: The superiority of those principles to the republicanism of the United States. His energetic efforts were only partially successful in establishing a local gentry , a thriving Church of England , and an anti-American coalition with select indigenous nations. He is seen by many Canadians as a founding figure in Canadian history, especially by those in Southern Ontario . He is commemorated in Toronto with Simcoe Day . Simcoe
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#17328522562604588-409: The title Lord , even though Simcoe was never a Lord in his lifetime: Captain John Kennaway Simcoe, the last member of the Simcoe family, died without issue in 1891 and was survived by his widow beyond 1911. A fictionalised version of John Graves Simcoe is a primary antagonist in the 2014–2017 AMC drama Turn: Washington's Spies , portrayed by Samuel Roukin . He is portrayed in the series as
4662-406: The towns of Norwich and Dereham in Norfolk County in England. Gov. Simcoe with several other government officers, guided by a party of Six Nations warriors, conducted a wilderness tour on foot down and back up the length of the Thames River in 1793 and decided to assign additional place names to mirror those they knew along the Thames River in England. Middlesex County was the name assigned to
4736-436: The township, including the Town of Norwich. The local economy is largely agricultural, based on corn, soybean, and wheat production with dairy farming in the north part of the township and tobacco, vegetable, and ginseng farming to the south. Slowly, ginseng and traditional cash crops are replacing the former cash crop - tobacco, as demand shrinks. Formerly East Oxford, North and South Norwich Townships, modern Norwich includes
4810-417: The two countries, even though he distrusted Joseph Brant , the main Indian leader. Simcoe rejected the section of the Treaty of Paris (1783) which awarded that area to the US, on the grounds that American actions had nullified the treaty. However, the French Revolutionary Wars broke out in 1793. The government in London decided to seek good terms with the United States. Simcoe was instructed to avoid giving
4884-418: The village. Following a decision by the parish, Holy Trinity Anglican Church was not rebuilt as the congregation opted to join with St. John's Anglican Church, Otterville. However, a stone monument commemorating the church continues to mark the site. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Norwich had a population of 11,151 living in 3,761 of its 3,892 total private dwellings,
4958-401: Was George Washington . In 1777, Simcoe sought to form a Loyalist regiment of free blacks from Boston but instead was offered the command of the Queen's Rangers formed on Staten Island on 15 October 1777. It was a well-trained light infantry unit comprising 11 companies of 30 men -- 1 grenadier , and 1 hussar , and the rest light infantry. The Queen's Rangers saw extensive action during
5032-478: Was about 400m wide. On the afternoon of June 2, 1998 , a severe weather outbreak affected Southern Ontario. At around 3:50 pm, there was a report of a tornado touching down in Holbrook and heading straight for Norwich. The tornado hit Norwich around 4:05 pm, damaging trees, farm equipment, barns, houses, and the wooden Holy Trinity Anglican Church (1867). Three people were injured, and the next day, Environment Canada confirmed that an F2 or F3 tornado had hit
5106-438: Was built in 1867. A silver paten and silver flagon, the communion rail, a credenza and parts of two of the stained glass windows along with a few other artifacts were recovered and are now displayed in the Narthex. The Church was soon rebuilt to the original plans. The F4 tornado, which had its beginning north west of Woodstock cut a swath all the way to Waterford of approximately 60 km and at its widest point near Oxford Centre
5180-403: Was particularly valuable to the Oxford settlement because he had already lived the life of starting a new settlement in the mountains of New Hampshire . In the early 1770s he and wife Lucy joined a group of Connecticut families who had been granted the wilderness township of Marlow there, and Samuel soon became a town leader, elected one of the selectmen for the community and appointed captain of
5254-407: Was promoted captain in the 40th Regiment of Foot . He saw action with the grenadier company of the 40th Foot in the New York and New Jersey campaign and the Philadelphia campaign . Simcoe commanded the 40th's Grenadiers at the Battle of Brandywine on 11 September 1777, where he was wounded. Legend has it that Simcoe ordered his men at Brandywine not to fire upon three fleeing rebels, among whom
5328-437: Was severely underdeveloped at the time of its founding so he brought with him politicians, builders, Nova Scotia timber men, and Englishmen skilled in whipsawing and cutting joists and rafters. Simcoe began construction of two roads through Upper Canada, for defence and to encourage settlement and trade. Yonge Street (named after British Minister of War Sir George Yonge ) ran north–south from York to Lake Simcoe . Soldiers of
5402-667: Was the French-speaking eastern portion, which retained the French civil law and protections for the Roman Catholic Church established when Britain took over the area after its defeat of the French in the Seven Years' War . Upper Canada was the western area, newly settled after the American Revolutionary War . The settlers were mostly English speakers, including Loyalists from the Thirteen Colonies , and also
5476-525: Was the only surviving son of Cornishman John (1710–1759) and Katherine Simcoe (died 1767). His parents had four children, but he was the only one to live past childhood; Percy drowned in 1764, while Paulet William and John William died as infants. His father was a captain in the Royal Navy who commanded the 60-gun HMS Pembroke during the siege of Louisbourg , with James Cook as his sailing master . He died of pneumonia on 15 May 1759 on board his ship in
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