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26-564: The newspaper was founded by Eduard Mayer as a successor to the Wiener Journal. The first issue appeared on 10 March 1867, the year of the Compromise with Hungary and the enactment of the so-called December Constitution, valid until 1918. As early as 13 July 1867 the publisher Moritz Szeps , who had left the Morgen-Post newspaper in a dispute, took over. From 1870 he supported Josef Schöffel with

52-492: A brilliant, most influential salon for artists and writers that was for many decades the center of Vienna cultural life. His other daughter, Sophie , married Paul Clemenceau , the brother of the prime minister of France. Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria (Rudolf Franz Karl Josef; 21 August 1858 – 30 January 1889) was the only son and third child of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Duchess Elisabeth of Bavaria (Sisi) . He

78-574: A campaign in his successful fight for the Vienna Woods. Szeps' connection to Crown Prince Rudolf meant that anonymous political texts by the crown prince could repeatedly appear in the paper, in which he advocated the liberal, progressive development of Austria. Szeps remained the sole owner and publisher of the paper until 15 May 1872, then contributed the paper to the Steyrermühl-Verlag publishing house, which he had co-founded in 1872, and remained

104-606: A journalist instead. From 1855 to 1867, he was editor-in-chief of the Morgen-Post  [ de ] . In 1867, following the resignation of most of its employees, he took over the Neues Wiener Tagblatt , which became the leading liberal newspaper in Austria in the 1870s and 1890s. As a close friend of Crown Prince Rudolf , Szeps published Rudolf' political, reform-laden writings anonymously in his paper. Szeps, however,

130-578: The Wiener Tagblatt (after 1901, Wiener Morgenzeitung ). The paper eventually failed to meet expectations, and was discontinued in 1905. Like the Crown Prince, Szeps felt that Austria should emulate France, rather than reactionary Prussia . Therefore, he had numerous contacts in Paris, including Georges Clemenceau , the later French prime minister, who was also a newspaper editor at that time. This attitude

156-763: The autocratic head of the Bodencreditanstalt, which Steyrermühl financed. The paper's line supported the Heimwehren and the policies of the Christian Social Party. This did not change even after the collapse of the Bodencreditanstalt in October 1929 and Sieghart's withdrawal. The newspaper welcomed the shutdown of parliament in March 1933, although it expressed concerns about the preservation of freedom of expression. After Austria's annexation by Nazi Germany in March 1938,

182-530: The colours of mourning, for the rest of her life and spent more and more time away from the imperial court in Vienna. Her daughter Gisela was afraid that she might also commit suicide. In 1898, while Elisabeth was abroad in Geneva , Switzerland , she was murdered by an Italian anarchist, Luigi Lucheni . Rudolf's death had left Franz Joseph without a direct male heir. Franz-Joseph's younger brother, Archduke Karl Ludwig ,

208-445: The effects of the disease, Rudolf began taking large doses of morphine. By 1889, it was common knowledge at Court that Stéphanie would not have any more children due to the events of 1886, and that Rudolf's health was deteriorating. In 1886, Rudolf bought Mayerling , a hunting lodge . In late 1888, the 30-year-old Crown Prince met the 17-year-old Baroness Marie von Vetsera , and began an affair with her. On 30 January 1889, he and

234-489: The first Habsburg King of Germany , Rudolf I , who reigned from 1273 to 1291. Rudolf was raised together with his older sister Gisela and the two were very close. At the age of six, Rudolf was separated from his sister as he began his education to become a future Emperor of Austria . This did not change their relationship and Gisela remained close to him until she left Vienna upon her marriage to Prince Leopold of Bavaria . Rudolf's initial education under Leopold Gondrecourt

260-533: The newspaper was immediately put at the service of the Nazi propaganda apparatus. Editor-in-chief Emil Löbl was replaced by a Nazi party member on the evening of 11 March 1938, before the Wehrmacht marched in. On 27 July 1938 the owners of the newspaper were forced to sell the paper to a Berlin trust company, which on 15 September 1938 incorporated it into the new Ostmärkische Zeitungsverlagsgesellschaft, behind whose straw man

286-562: The night and secretly buried in the village cemetery at Heiligenkreuz . The Emperor had Mayerling converted into a penitential convent of Carmelite nuns and endowed a chantry so that daily prayers would eternally be said by the nuns for the repose of Rudolf's soul. Vetsera's private letters were discovered in a safe deposit box in an Austrian bank in 2015, and they revealed that she was preparing to commit suicide alongside Rudolf, out of love. Rudolf's death plunged his mother, Empress Elisabeth, into despair. She wore black or pearl grey,

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312-672: The paper's publisher as a shareholder until 15 October 1886. From 1874 onward, the newspaper was Vienna's highest-circulation paper. It was German liberal and anti-Marxist, but did not develop a clear stance on the emerging mass parties of the Christian Socialists and the Social Democrats in the monarchy. In the First Republic, the paper published by the Steyrermühl Group became the political mouthpiece of Rudolf Sieghart ,

338-569: The possession of the University of Agriculture in Vienna, which is now known as the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna In 1877, Count Karl Albert von Bombelles was master of the young prince. Bombelles had been the custodian of Rudolf's aunt Empress Charlotte of Mexico . In contrast with his deeply conservative father, Rudolf held liberal views that were closer to those of his mother. Nevertheless, his relationship with her

364-876: The war. It was first taken over in 1945 by the communist Globus publishing house, which was designated by the Soviet occupying power as the user of Steyrermühl structures, and then by the Vienna Chamber of Labor. Since 2002, the Tagblatt archive has been part of the holdings of the Vienna Library in City Hall. Notable employees include Hermann Bahr , Werner Bergengruen , Franz Karl Ginzkey , Ludwig Karpath , Ernst Mach , Eduard Pötzl, Heinrich Pollak, Karl Tschuppik and Fritz Sänger. Editors-in-chief: Moritz Szeps Moritz Szeps (5 November 1835, Busk – 9 August 1902, Vienna )

390-512: The young baroness were discovered dead in the lodge as a result of an apparent joint suicide . As suicide would prevent him from being given a church burial, Rudolf was officially declared to have been in a state of "mental unbalance", and he was buried in the Imperial Crypt ( Kapuzinergruft ) of the Capuchin Church in Vienna. Vetsera's body was smuggled out of Mayerling in the middle of

416-519: Was heir apparent to the imperial throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from birth. In 1889, he died in a suicide pact with his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera at the Mayerling hunting lodge . The ensuing scandal made international headlines. Rudolf was born at Schloss Laxenburg , a castle near Vienna , as the son of Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth . He was named after

442-551: Was an Austrian newspaper tycoon who founded and published the daily papers Neues Wiener Tagblatt (1867-1886), Wiener Tagblatt (1886-1894), and the first popular-science magazine Das Wissen für Alle (1900). Szeps was born into a Jewish family in Busk, Ukraine in 1835. His father was a doctor, and he initially studied medicine in Lemberg (now Lviv ). After going to Vienna to continue his studies, he decided to change careers and became

468-571: Was at times strained. In Vienna, on 10 May 1881, Rudolf married Princess Stéphanie of Belgium , a daughter of King Leopold II of Belgium , at the Augustinian Church in Vienna. Although their marriage was initially a happy one, by the time their only child, the Archduchess Elisabeth , was born on 2 September 1883, the couple had drifted apart. After the birth of their child, Rudolf became increasingly unstable as he drank heavily and

494-410: Was having many affairs. This behaviour, however, was not entirely new as Rudolf had a long history of reckless promiscuity prior to his marriage. In 1886, Rudolf became seriously ill and the couple was directed to the island of Lacroma (present day Croatia) for his treatment. In transit, Stéphanie also became seriously ill and described "suffering terrible pain". The couple's diagnosis of peritonitis

520-521: Was kept secret by order of the Emperor. After intensive treatment, Stéphanie was able to recover from the illness but she was left unable to have children as the illness had destroyed her fallopian tubes. Stéphanie's symptoms and outcome indicate Rudolf had most likely infected her with gonorrhoea . Rudolf himself did not improve with treatment and grew increasingly ill. It is likely he had contracted syphilis in addition to gonorrhoea. In order to cope with

546-453: Was met with fierce opposition by the pro-German and pan-German nationalists, who were becoming increasingly anti-Semitic . When the Crown Prince died at his own hand in 1889, the liberal cause as well as the anti-German cause suffered serious setbacks and Szeps's finances dwindled accordingly. Szeps' youngest daughter, Berta Zuckerkandl , became a well known writer, journalist and art critic . Berta and her husband Emil Zuckerkandl created

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572-517: Was next in line to the Austro-Hungarian throne, though it was falsely reported that he had renounced his succession rights. In any case, his death in 1896 from typhoid made his eldest son, Archduke Franz Ferdinand , the new heir presumptive . However, Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated in 1914 (an event that precipitated World War I ), so when Emperor Franz-Joseph died in November 1916, he

598-542: Was not shy about making direct attacks on his opponents and critics. By 1876, he was sufficiently successful to build his own home, the " Palais Szeps ", which is now the residence of the Swedish Ambassador to Austria. Eventually, his financial backers wanted him to be more cautious and, in 1886, eased him out of the company. With the help of a Hungarian financier, he purchased the Morgen-Post and changed its name to

624-475: Was physically and emotionally abusive, and likely a contributing factor in his later suicide. Influenced by his tutor Ferdinand von Hochstetter (who later became the first superintendent of the Imperial Natural History Museum ), Rudolf became very interested in natural sciences, starting a mineral collection at an early age. After his death, large portions of his mineral collection came into

650-582: Was succeeded instead by his grandnephew, Charles I of Austria . The demands of the American President, Woodrow Wilson forced Emperor Charles I to renounce involvement in state affairs in Vienna in early November 1918. As a result, the Austro-Hungarian Empire ceased to exist and a republic came into being without revolution. Charles I and his family went into exile in Switzerland after spending

676-512: Was the Nazi publishing house, Franz-Eher-Verlag . On 31 January 1939 the Neues Wiener Journal was discontinued and, together with the traditional paper Neue Freie Presse, was incorporated into the Neues Wiener Tagblatt . The last issue of the newspaper appeared on 7 April 1945, when the Battle of Vienna began. The extensive Tagblatt archive was the only Viennese newspaper archive to survive

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