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70-590: Its history in antiquity is unknown. It became the Turkish village of Nenizi east of Aksaray (formerly Archelais), in the Ottoman villayet of Koniah , but has sometimes been wrongly identified with Diocaesarea . Modern scholars locate its site near Nenezigözü , Asiatic Turkey . More specifically, the village of Bekarlar, Gülağaç . At the beginning of the 4th century Nazianzus was suffragan to Caesarea Mazaca ; under Emperor Valens it formed part of Cappadocia Secunda ,

140-511: A cinder cone that was active 2000 years ago, and there is evidence that fumarolic and seismic activity has increased during the 2020s. Reportedly, there are frequent explosions within the volcano. Future activity at Hasan could impact neighbouring villages, and larger eruptions might disrupt air traffic and tourism in Cappadocia. As of 2022 the volcano is not monitored. A mural discovered in Çatalhöyük has been interpreted as showing

210-462: A /g/ consonant, while the /u/ became /a/. Strabon mentions Garsaura in his work (V/4 and VI/1). The town of Garsaura was renamed Archelaïs ( Greek : Ἀρχελαΐς ) by Archelaus of Cappadocia , the last Cappadocian king. In Roman times, the town was known as Colonia and became a bishropric. Of its bishops, Euphrasius was at the First Council of Nicaea in 325; Bosporus (who is mentioned in

280-455: A circuit of 244 km (152 mi), passing through several areas of Cappadocia including Lake Tuz . Mount Hasan Mount Hasan ( Turkish : Hasan Dağı ) is a volcano in Anatolia , Turkey . It has two summits, the 3,069 metres (10,069 ft) high eastern Small Hasan Dagi and the 3,253 metres (10,673 ft) high Big Hasan Dagi, and rises about 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) above

350-463: A hot-summer continental climate (Dca) under the Trewartha classification. Highest recorded temperature:40.8 °C (105.4 °F) on 15 August 2023 Lowest recorded temperature:−29.0 °C (−20.2 °F) on 7 February 1991 The Runfire Cappadocia Ultramarathon , a multiday track running ultramarathon of desert concept, has been held every July since 2012. Over six days, the race takes in

420-412: A lava dome on the northern flank while the last formed a lava flow on Mount Hasan's western foot. A shift in archeological sites around Mount Hasan may be linked to the older eruptions. There is no evidence of historical eruptions of the volcano. Hydrothermal activity also occurs at Mount Hasan, with fumaroles and water vapour emissions on the summit. The emission occurs along vents trending in

490-525: A lava flow field at Karataş which covers an area of 60 square kilometres (23 sq mi) and was produced by fissure vents . Many of the cones around Mount Hasan have been grouped as the Hasandağ-Karacadağ volcanic field. As a consequence of the subduction and eventual closure of the Neo-Tethys and continental collision between Arabia - Africa and Eurasia , Anatolia moves westward at

560-527: A location in ancient Cappadocia is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a populated place in the Byzantine Empire is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This geographical article about a location in Aksaray Province , Turkey is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Aksaray Aksaray ( pronounced [ˈaksaɾaj] )

630-536: A long history and was an important stopover point on the Silk Road that transited Anatolia for centuries. It is a mid-sized city with the Melendiz river running through it and several monuments dating back to the pre-Ottoman era as well as some impressive examples of government buildings from the early Turkish Republic that are gathered around the main square. The nearest airport is Kapadokya Nevşehir Airport (NAV) which

700-550: A northeast-southwest direction, which are linked to a major regional fault . Rocks around these vents have been chemically altered. Another field of fumaroles and hot springs is on the northwestern side of Hasan. Magnetotelluric and other imaging techniques have found evidence of a magma chamber at 4–6 kilometres (2.5–3.7 mi) depth and of a magmatic body between 6–11.5 kilometres (3.7–7.1 mi). A hydrothermal system may or may not exist. There have been seismic swarms around Mount Hasan, including one in 2020 next to

770-625: A primitive map . It was the second mountain from the south in the Byzantine beacon system used to warn the Byzantine capital of Constantinople of incursions during the Arab–Byzantine wars . The modern name of Mount Hasan is widely accepted to be in dedication to Ebu'l-Gazi (El-Hasan), brother of Ebu'l-Kasım during the reign of the Anatolian Seljuks . It is hypothesized that Mount Hasan’s name

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840-537: A protracted struggle against the Karamanids . Many inhabitants of the city were relocated to Constantinople (recently captured by the Ottomans) where they were settled in a part of the city that also came to be named Aksaray . During Ottoman times, the town was prosperous in part because of its proximity to Tuz Gölü ( Lake Tuz ), which was a primary source of salt for Anatolia. The Aksaray Grand Mosque , also known as

910-543: A publication now in the public domain :  Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). " Nazianzus ". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton Company. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Smith, William , ed. (1854–1857). "Nazianzus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography . London: John Murray. 38°23′53″N 34°20′59″E  /  38.398047°N 34.3497935°E  / 38.398047; 34.3497935 This article about

980-681: A rate of 21 millimetres per year (0.83 in/year) between the North Anatolian Fault and the East Anatolian Fault . This movement and the resulting tectonic deformation of Anatolia are responsible for volcanism in Central Anatolia, together with the subduction of the Cyprus Plate . Volcanism has been ongoing for the past 10 million years; it is defined as "post-collisional". Further, volcanism at Mount Hasan has been related to

1050-503: A stable covered with a barrel vault with transverse ribs. A short tower, capped by a dome, stands over the crossing area. This dome has an oculus , providing light and air to the stable. Aksaray Museum exhibits the Aksaray Stele , a Late Hittite monument discovered in the city in 1976. The stone block is 88 cm high, and 90 cm wide but the top half is missing. It portrays a weather god, facing right and wearing pointed shoes. On

1120-419: A volcanic eruption, commonly linked to Mount Hasan, and this mural has even been interpreted as being the oldest known map . The interpretation of the mural showing a volcanic eruption has been contested however as an alternative interpretation is that the "volcano" shown in the mural is actually a leopard and the "village" a set of random geometric motifs. The map interpretation is also contested. The mural

1190-579: Is 62.1 km away from the city. In antiquity the area was named Archelais Garsaura , which was mutated to Taksara during the Seljuk Turkish era, and then to Aksaray . Aksaray means "White Palace" in Turkish . First mentioned as Šinaḫuttum-Šinuhtu in ancient Hittite texts, and later Nenaşşa , (also spelled as Nenessa and Nenossós in Ancient Greek texts) and Kurşaura . The Aksaray Stela

1260-515: Is a city in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey . It is the seat of Aksaray Province and Aksaray District . Its population is 247,147 (2021). In 2021 the province had an estimated population of 429,069 distributed over about 7,659 km (2,957 sq mi). The average elevation is 980 m (3,215 ft), with the highest point being Mt. Hasan ( Turkish : Hasan Dağı ) at 3,268 m (10,722 ft). The city of Aksaray has

1330-527: Is a large amusement theme park in the city centre of Aksaray. The Zincirye Medresesi (Chained School) was a Koranic school with a typical soaring and elaborate Seljuk portal. It was built by the bey of Karaman in 1345 and is now used as the local library. The Kurşunlu Mosque , also known as the Kurşunlu Camii, and formerly the Hacı Bektaş Mosque, is a mosque in the city center of Aksaray. It

1400-521: Is a rendering of Garsáoura. The Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta . who visited the region in the 14th century, was impressed by the class of Muslim traders that had emerged in Aksaray and noted the urban centre as "a beautiful city, surrounded by waterways and gardens, with a water supply coming right to the houses of the city." In 1470 Aksaray was incorporated into the Ottoman Empire by İshak Pasha after

1470-505: Is a small sized volcano with a caldera which crops out on the southwestern side of Mount Hasan. It grew over sediments to a present-day elevation of 1,700 metres (5,600 ft); today it is eroded, partly buried by the younger Hasan volcanics and disrupted by strike-slip faulting . About 7 million years ago the Paleovolcano began to grow north of Keçikalesi ; it too is buried by more recent volcanics but part of its deposits crop out on

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1540-483: Is about 400 millimetres (16 in). Between October/November and May, the mountain is frequently covered by snow due to the common precipitation at that time and when it melts the water mostly infiltrates into the permeable rocks, making the volcano a principal groundwater recharge area in the region. Additionally, volcanics of Mount Hasan form a major aquifer and the Melendiz River passes north and northeast of

1610-454: Is believed to have been built in 1325 by the Seljuks . The Hakiki Yusuf Baba complex , also known as Somunca Baba Complex , contains the tombs of the 14th-century Islamic leader Somuncu Baba and the scholar Cemaleddin'i Aksaray . The Kapalı Çarşı , meaning "Covered Market" is a Grand Bazaar in the city centre of Aksaray. The Aksaray Observation Deck is an observation deck overlooking

1680-544: Is depicted in the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara . If the mural indeed shows an eruption, it probably occurred only a short time before the mural was drawn. Radiocarbon dating has yielded ages of about 7,400 - 6,600 years BCE for Çatalhöyük and radiometric dating has produced evidence for explosive eruptions during that time and when the mural was made. The depicted activity resembles Strombolian eruptions , and

1750-447: Is formed by phreatomagmatic breccias , ignimbrites , lahar deposits, lava domes , lava flows and pyroclastic flow deposits. The pyroclastic flow deposits occur in the form of fans or valley flows, when they were channelled by topography. The northern flanks also feature two debris avalanche deposits with hummocky surfaces. Two calderas, the Ulukışla caldera on the eastern and

1820-603: Is formed by magmatic, metamorphic and ophiolitic rocks, the former of which are of Paleozoic to Mesozoic age; it crops out at scattered sites and in the Kirshehir and Nigde massifs. The surface however consists mainly of Tertiary volcanic rocks, which are formed both by numerous ignimbrites , volcaniclastic material and individual volcanoes. Central Anatolia has undergone uplift, for which several mechanisms have been proposed. Mount Hasan has produced volcanic rocks with compositions ranging from basalt to rhyolite but

1890-503: Is of early Pliocene age. This alignment is congruent with the tectonic patterns of Anatolia, where the collision between Africa and Eurasia follows the same trend. It and to some degree Mount Hasan are also surrounded by a large depression, and the volcanoes of this alignment are separated by faults. Additionally, Mount Hasan forms a volcanic lineament with Karadağ and the Karapınar Field . The basement in Central Anatolia

1960-436: Is one of the best surviving examples of Anatolian Seljuk architecture . The monumental entrance to the han is on the east side and is a 13m-high marble portal ( pishtaq ) projecting from the 50m wide front wall. The gate is enclosed by a pointed arch decorated with muqarnas and elegant geometric patterns. The open courtyard (44 x 58 m) was lined with arcades with stables beneath the accommodation. Outdoor areas were used in

2030-494: Is part of a larger volcanic province in Central Anatolia known as the Central Anatolian or Cappadocian Volcanic Province., which includes ignimbrites , monogenetic volcanic fields and stratovolcanoes such as Mount Erciyes , Mount Hasan, Karacadağ and Melendiz Dağ with an area of about 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) -25,000 square kilometres (9,700 sq mi). Volcanism took place during

2100-565: Is the source of a lava flow . Whether they are located within a caldera is unclear; rather than one large caldera encompassing the entire complex, there may be a smaller one underlying Mount Hasan specifically. There is periglacial activity on the summit, and fossil rock glaciers are found on the volcano. The volcano as a whole rises almost 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) around the surrounding terrain and covers an area of 760 square kilometres (290 sq mi) with 354 cubic kilometres (85 cu mi) of rocks. The terrain of Mount Hasan

2170-583: The Belbaşhanı Pumice and deposited fallout over much of Central Anatolia. Small Mount Hasan is probably older as it is more heavily eroded while the morphology of Big Hasan Dagi is fresher although its pyroclastic flow deposits are heavily incised. Dates of 33,000 and 29,000 years ago have been obtained on the summit domes and ages of 66,000±7,000 years on the most recent monogenetic volcano south of Mount Hasan. Explosive eruptions took place 28,900 ± 1,500 and 13,500 ± 1,500 years ago. Tephras found in

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2240-499: The Keçikalesi on the southwestern flank, adorn the volcano. The volcanics of Mount Hasan have been subdivided into a "hot flow" unit, a "Mt. Hasan ashes" unit and into a lava unit. Cinder cones , maars and accompanying lava flows also occur around Mount Hasan, they are part of a basaltic volcano family that forms parasitic vents . These include the Yıpraktepe cone/maar and

2310-704: The Council of Chalcedon in 451; Alexander at a council in Constantinople called by Patriarch Menas of Constantinople in 536; and Conon at the Trullan Council of 692. No longer a residential bishopric, Colonia in Cappadocia is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see . Colonia is also a titular Turkish metropolis of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople . During Byzantine times,

2380-631: The Karamanoğlu Camii or Ulu Camii , is a large mosque right in the city centre dating back to 1408-09 and the Karamanoğlu dynasty. It has a detached minaret erected in 1925. The Red Minaret Mosque , also known as the Eğri Minare Mosque, (Leaning Minaret Mosque) has a Seljuk Turkish minaret dating back to 1236 and the reign of Aläettin Keykubat . The Luna Park , also known as Kültürpark

2450-522: The Konya plain and in a lake of the Turkish Lakes Region have been attributed to Mount Hasan. The debris flow from Mount Hasan occurred 150,000-100,000 years ago and a number of lava flows were emplaced during the last 100,000 years. Eruptions occurred 8,970 ± 640, 8,200, less than 6,000 years ago and 0 ± 3,000 years ago; the first emplaced pumice on the summit, the penultimate of these formed

2520-531: The Plio-Pleistocene and into the Quaternary . The volcano has two summits, the 3,069 metres (10,069 ft) high eastern Small Hasan Dagi/ Küçük Hasandağ and the 3,253 metres (10,673 ft) high Big Hasan Dagi/ Büyük Hasandağ , and consist of lava domes and lava flows . Big Hasan Dagi has two nested craters with an 800 metres (2,600 ft) wide and 200 metres (660 ft) high inner cone that

2590-575: The Topada rock inscription ( de:Felsinschrift von Topada ) as one of the kings who were allied with Wasusarma of Tabal . the Aksaray Castle was a four-cornered, stone-built, solidly built castle on a large area, on the edge of the Melendiz river . It was built in the middle of the city. The bastion and its towers were not very high. With all their bastions, teeth and bodies, their crenellated holes and their calculated towers always faced each other. During

2660-485: The metropolis of which was Tyana . Later it became part of Cappadocia Tertia and depended on its Metropolitan of Mocessus . Finally, it became a metropolitan see under Diogenes. In 1370 it was united to the metropolitan see of Caesarea Mazaca (modern Kayseri ). Up to the year 1200, fourteen of its bishops are known. Its name is inseparably connected with its illustrious doctor and poet-bishop, Gregory of Nazianzus , who became bishop of Constantinople and Doctor of

2730-648: The 19th century. Nearby are the remains of the Red Church ( Kızıl Kilise ) and the High Church ( Yüksek Kilise ). Several monumental caravanserais straddle the trade route linking Konya to Aksaray that once continued to Persia (the Uzun Yolu ). The best known and most impressive is Sultan Han , located in Sultanhan village about 40 km (25 mi) west of Aksaray. A date on this fortified structure indicates that it

2800-619: The Church . His father, Gregory of Nazianzus the Elder , had been a member of a Jewish-pagan sect called the Hypsistarians , but was converted to Christianity and became Bishop of Nazianzus. The bishopric is included in the lists of titular sees of Catholic Church with metropolitan status and of the Eastern Orthodox Church [1] . [REDACTED]  This article incorporates text from

2870-567: The Tuz Gölü Fault and its intersection with the Karaman-Aksaray faults; the former of these is one of two major fault systems in Central Anatolia which influence volcanism there, and volcanic products of Mount Hasan have been deformed by the fault. The Hasandag fault branches off the Karaman-Aksaray fault and cuts between the two summits of Mount Hasan. It and the Karacaören fault influence

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2940-660: The West entrance of the castle. The existence of the castle dates back to the first ages but was also very prominent during the Middle Ages . The castle existed in Roman and Byzantine times. Seventy percent of the local workforce is engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. Barley, sugar beet, vetch, corn, potatoes, onions, beans, flax, hemp, grapes and apples are the main local crops, with wheat production being most dominant. Carpet and rug weaving were traditionally important, especially in

3010-450: The area around Sultanhanı but these days the weavers mainly focus on repairing and repurposing old carpets. There is also some industry in Aksaray city. Ihlara Valley and the other tourist attractions of Cappadocia may be nearby but Aksaray has not had much success in attracting visitors to the city itself. Aksaray has a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) under the Köppen classification and

3080-466: The base of the crust , while the other volcanic rocks have shallower sources. The basaltic magmas would have ascended into a shallow magma chamber at 3–4 kilometres (1.9–2.5 mi) depth, mobilizing its contents and thus giving rise to the more silicic magmas. The magma formation processes were quick, with only days or weeks going from the formation of the magma and its eruption on the surface. Oak forests occur on Mount Hasan. Annual precipitation

3150-419: The city centre. The Aksaray Highschool , or Aksaray Lisesi, is the location of the former Roman thermae or bathhouse. A newer attraction is Hünkarland, a large theme park with artificial waterfalls , which is a popular venue for Aksaray wedding parties. Hasan Dağı is a 3,000m volcano between Aksaray and Niğde , visible from the city. The (presumed) ancient Roman and Byzantine city of Nora , in

3220-527: The city of Aksaray. The Azmi Milli Museum , also known as the Azm-i Milli T.A.Ş. Un Fabrikası, is a historic stone building built in the 1930s on the commands of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk . It sits adjacent to the Zincirye Medresesi. It currently operates as a museum. The Paşa Hamam , an Ottoman-era Turkish hamam built by Hacı Ali Pasha. The Kılıçaslan Hamam , a recently restored Turkish hamam in

3290-503: The correspondence of Basil the Great and Gregory of Nazianzus ) at the First Council of Constantinople in 381; Daniel at the Council of Ephesus in 431; Aristomachus (who was also a signatory of the letter of the bishops of the Roman province of Cappadocia Tertia , to which Colonia belonged, to Byzantine Emperor Leo I the Thracian about the killing of Proterius of Alexandria in 458) at

3360-491: The dominant components are andesite and dacite which define an older tholeiitic and a younger calc-alkaline or alkaline suite. These rocks in turn include amphibole , apatite , biotite , clinopyroxene , garnet , ilmenite , mica , olivine , orthopyroxene , plagioclase , pyroxene in the form of augite , bronzite , diopside , hypersthene and salite , and quartz . The older volcanic stages have produced basaltic andesite while dacite appears only in

3430-404: The event may not have been directly visible from Çatalhöyük. The discovery of this mural has drawn attention to the volcano and has led to efforts to date the eruptive activity of Mount Hasan. Mount Hasan was used as a source for Obsidian . The Byzantine city of Mokissos was located on Mount Hasan. The mountain is considered to be the second beacon of the Byzantine beacon system , which

3500-470: The hydrothermal system of the volcano. The westerly Mount Hasan, central Keçiboyduran and easterly Melendiz Dağ form the Niğde Volcanic Complex, a mountain range , which is surrounded by plains and whose summits reach heights of over 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). Of these mountains, Melendiz Dağ is more heavily eroded compared to the steep cones of Hasan and like Keçiboyduran

3570-472: The most important mechanisms involved in the genesis of Mount Hasan magmas , which are derived from the mantle with participation of crustal components. Evidence of fractional crystallization has been encountered in the most recent stage rocks and more generally plays a role in the genesis of Hasan magmas although it does not explain all of the compositional traits. It appears that basaltic andesites formed through mixing, while fractional crystallization

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3640-413: The most recent event 34,000 years ago. This volcanism however is not part of the actual Mount Hasan system. The main edifice has produced about 1–0.3 cubic kilometres (0.240–0.072 cu mi) of magma every millennium, more than at Erciyes. Keçikalesi is the oldest (13 million years) volcanic structure, it is among the oldest volcanoes of the Central Anatolian volcanic province. This volcano

3710-401: The most recent stage. Obsidian also occurs in the most recent stage although it is not an important component while most of the rocks are porphyritic . The basaltic family includes both basaltic andesite and alkali basalts with augite , clinopyroxene , garnet , hornblende , hypersthene , olivine , orthopyroxene , oxides and plagioclase . Magma mixing processes appear to be

3780-523: The northwestern flank of Mount Hasan in the form of ignimbrites, lahars and lava flows. The Paleovolcano also formed a caldera which produced the rhyolitic Dikmen-Taspinar Ignimbrites; formerly the Cappadocian tuffs were in general attributed to volcanism at Mount Hasan, Mount Erciyes and Göllü Dag . The Quaternary activity gave rise to the Mesovolcano and Neovolcano, with the former centered between

3850-561: The reverse are the last five lines of a text in Luwian hieroglyphs including a dedication by King Kiyakiya who describes the prosperity of his reign and the benevolence of the weather god Tarhunzas . Kiyakiya is believed to be the same as King Kiakki of Šinuḫtu , who is mentioned in Assyrian texts and ruled in 718 BC. He was then deported by the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II . He is also mentioned in

3920-472: The rim of the Mesovolcano caldera that probably formed through the interaction of intruding magma with water in the caldera, 700,000 years ago rhyolitic flows and ignimbrites accompanied by the formation of another, 4 by 5 kilometres (2.5 mi × 3.1 mi) caldera, and finally andesitic lava flows and lava domes which form the two main summits. A major Plinian to sub-Plinian pumice -forming eruption took place 417,200 ± 20,500 years ago, forming

3990-413: The siege, the strong warriors of each tower guarded the towers with rifles. There were five gates on the side of the fortresses. Küçükkapı faces west. Demirkapı (Sídero Porta) opens to the qibla. Keçikapısı (Gida Porta) also opens towards the qibla. Ereğlikapısı (Herakleia Porta) opens to the south and Konyakapısı (Ikónion Porta) opens to the west. The guards of these gates are the tax collectors. A warehouse

4060-515: The summer, while the covered rooms ( iwans ) on either side were used during the winter. In the middle of the courtyard stands a square stone kiosk-mosque ( kösk mesçidi ), the oldest example in Turkey. The mosque on the second floor sits on a construction of four carved barrel-vaulted arches. At the other side of the courtyard is another equally decorative arched entrance with muqarnas, joggled voussoirs and interlocking geometric designs. It leads into

4130-444: The surrounding terrain. The city of Aksaray lies 30–40 kilometres (19–25 mi) northwest from Mount Hasan, while the settlements of Helvadere , Uluören , Dikmen and Taşpınar lie clockwise from north to northwest around the volcano. In addition, there are seasonal settlements on the volcano which are associated with summer pastures . The volcano has been prospected as a potential source for geothermal power . Mount Hasan

4200-507: The surrounding terrain. It consists of various volcanic deposits, including several calderas , and its activity has been related to the presence of several faults in the area and to regional tectonics. Activity began in the Miocene and continued into the Holocene ; a mural found in the archeological site of Çatalhöyük has been controversially interpreted as showing a volcanic eruption or even

4270-529: The town was known as Koloneia (Κολώνεια) was an important military center, holding an imperial aplekton . At some point between 1081 and 1084, the town was part of the domain of Suleiman ibn Qutalmish according to Ibn al-Athīr . This would later become the Sultanate of Rum and the Sultans founded and left important landmarks in and around the town. Its name also changed over time to Taksará and Aksará, which

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4340-520: The two present-day summits. This volcano produced ignimbrites, lava domes and lava flows and eventually a caldera ; it too has been dissected by faulting which probably also influenced the development of the volcano and its activity probably occurred between 1 and 0.15 million years ago. Finally, the Neovolcano grew within the caldera, producing various kinds of deposits; these include lava domes with accompanying pyroclastic flow deposits, breccia in

4410-400: The village of Helvadere , is on the slopes of Mt Hasan, in close proximity to Aksaray. The area around the city also contains several höyüks . Aşıklı Höyük is a burial mound 25 km (16 mi) east of the city. Acemhöyük is an early Bronze Age settlement, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of the city. The dramatic Ihlara Canyon , 40 km (25 mi) southeast of the city,

4480-456: The volcano. Mount Hasan has been active for the last 13 million years, with the Keçikalesi , Paleo-Hasan, Mesovolcano and Neovolcano stages during the Miocene , Miocene- Pliocene and Quaternary ; the older two stages might actually not be part of Mount Hasan at all. Aside from the felsic central vent volcanism, basaltic volcanism also took place at Mount Hasan throughout its activity; this activity has been dated to 120,000, 65,000 and

4550-694: Was built in 1229, during the reign of the Seljuk Sultan Kayqubad I , by the Syrian architect Mohammed Bin Havlan El Dimaski (the word Dimasci indicating Damascus ) . After it was partially destroyed by a fire, it was restored and extended in 1278 by the governor Seraceddin Ahmed Kerimeddin bin El Hasan during the reign of Sultan Kaykhusraw III . It was then the largest caravanserai in Turkey. Today, it

4620-519: Was built in the castle to store wheat during the rebels' time. It has no arsenal. There were big balls thrown during Ramadan and other festivals. The southern interior of the castle is now where Aksaray Square stands. The Kurşunlu Mosque is where Ereğlikapısı used to be. It also encompasses the Aksaray Grand Mosque to the North-East of where the castle once stood. The Zinciriye Medresesi lies at

4690-430: Was carved out by the Melendiz river and its walls are riddled with Byzantine frescoed churches dating back to the early Middle Ages. It runs from Selime village in the north to Ihlara township in the south and is a popular destination for tour groups visiting Cappadocia . Near Ihlara , Güzelyurt is a pretty Cappadocian town with rock-cut churches and even a rock-cut mosque as well as many find stone houses from

4760-566: Was more important for the genesis of other magmas. Older volcanic stages also show evidence of subduction influence while the more recent magmas are more indicative of intraplate processes, the effects of crustal extension and of the presence of water. In general, various sources have been proposed for the magmas of the Central Anatolian province. The magmatic system of Mount Hasan appears to be more active than that of Mount Erciyes. The magmas formed at different depths, with basalts originating at about 35–41 kilometres (22–25 mi) depth at

4830-525: Was written in Luwian Hieroglyphs and was dedicated by king Kiyakiyas who described his prosperity in his reign and the benevolence of the weather god Tarhunzas . Kiyakiyas may be identical with king Kiyakki of Šinuḫtu , who ruled prior to 718 BC. At that time Šinuḫtu was taken, the king was seized and deported by the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II . The Hittite name Kurşaura underwent a sound change to Garsaura . The /k/ became voiced and turned into

4900-573: Was “ Argeos ” or “ Argaios ”, but this name belongs to Mount Erciyes . Another hypothesis is that it was simply called Árgos , ( Ancient Greek : Ἄργος) as well as Argeiopolis Mons. The Hittites called it Athar . Mount Hasan lies in the Anatolian plateau, between the Taurus Range and the Pontic Mountains , and its and Mount Erciyes 's silhouettes dominate the landscape and rise high above

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