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17-577: The system consists of five canals: Naviglio Grande , Naviglio Pavese , Naviglio Martesana , Naviglio di Paderno , Naviglio di Bereguardo . The first three were connected through Milan via the Fossa Interna , also known as the Inner Ring. The urban section of the Naviglio Martesana was covered over at the beginning of the 1930s, together with the entire Inner Ring, thus sounding the death knell for

34-569: A dam was constructed and water from the Ticino was directed towards Turbigo , Castelletto di Cuggiono, Bernate and Boffalora reaching Gaggiano in 1233. This 30 km (19 mi) section, the “Navigium de Gazano” took over 50 years to dig by hand using only pickaxe and shovel. Prisoners from Turbigo were put to work in 1239 to increase the carrying capacity of the canal. In 1258, the Naviglio Grande reached Milan. New taxes were levied to continue

51-571: Is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan in the Italian region Lombardy , located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) west of Milan , along the Naviglio Grande canal. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 7,486 and an area of 8.5 square kilometres (3.3 sq mi). Turbigo borders the following municipalities: Castano Primo , Cameri , Robecchetto con Induno , Galliate . It

68-849: Is a canal in Lombardy , northern Italy , connecting the Ticino river near Tornavento (23 km (14 mi) south of Sesto Calende ) to the Porta Ticinese dock, also known as the Darsena , in Milan . It drops 34 m (112 ft) over 49.9 km (31.0 mi). It varies in width from 22 to 50 m (72 to 164 ft) from Tornavento to Abbiategrasso , dropping to 15 m (49 ft) between there and Milan . Initially it carries 63 cubic metres per second (2,200 cu ft/s), 116 outlets take water to irrigate 500 square kilometres (190 sq mi) leaving

85-532: Is the birthplace of naturalist Giuseppe Gené . It is home to a medieval castle, known from the 9th century and perhaps built around a Roman tower, and to church of Santi Cosma e Damiano (1639–40). Also from the 17th century is a bridge over the Naviglio Grande. On 3 June 1859, Turbigo was the site of the Battle of Turbigo , a battle of the Second Italian War of Independence . Franco-Piedmontese troops crossed

102-608: The Istituto per i Navigli has been campaigning for the return of navigation on the canal. The project, called From Switzerland to the Sea promotes the restoration of the canal as part of a long distance waterway linking Lake Maggiore (partly in Switzerland) to Venice (Italy). 45°27′N 9°10′E  /  45.450°N 9.167°E  / 45.450; 9.167 Turbigo Turbigo ( Milanese : Torbigh [turˈbiːk] )

119-497: The Olona and Seveso were diverted by the ancient Romans. The territory as a whole had plenty of water given that the settlement was located on the "line of fountains", between geological layers with different permeability, which allows deep waters to resurface on the surface. To perform agriculture the Celts had to regulate the flow of water by resorting to canalization and drainage. In 222 BC

136-417: The ancient Romans conquered Milan. Roman cities were large consumers of water, both for public and domestic uses, and Romans studied hydraulic engineering in depth. But Mediolanum did not need aqueducts, given that water was abundant and easily accessible because it emerged from the ground from the resurgences and flowed nearby in rivers and streams, and this fully met the needs of the city's daily life. Today,

153-593: The canal 12 m (39 ft) wide and carrying 12 m /s (420 cu ft/s) as it enters the dock. The Naviglio Grande was the most important of the Milanese “ navigli ”. Probably originating as a ditch dug in 1157 between Abbiategrasso and Landriano as a defense against Frederick Barbarossa , it was one of the largest medieval engineering projects, allowing development of commerce, transport and agriculture. In 1177, construction began near Tornavento, but problems stopped work almost immediately. In 1179 however,

170-498: The canals are mostly used for irrigation . Some tourist navigation options are also available along certain sections. In the 21st century the Navigli region of Milan is a highly active area with a large number of residential units, bars and restaurants. It is also a well known center for artists. This Lombardy location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Naviglio Grande The Naviglio Grande

187-636: The digging, and although the work stopped again following opposition from the citizens and clergy, the whole canal was navigable from 1272, when the deepening and widening of the canal bed was completed by Giacomo Arribotti and the canal reached the bridge of Sant'Eustorgio (now Porta Ticinese ). Although intended mostly for irrigation, pontoons called cobbie quickly began using the canal to take salt, grain, wine, manufactured goods, fabric, tableware, manure and ash upriver to Lake Maggiore and Switzerland, bringing back livestock, cheese, hay, coal, lumber, sand, marble and granite. The small lake of Sant'Eustorgio

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204-469: The network could be expanded to serve the whole region, especially in transferring troops rapidly between defensive castles. Between 1830 and the end of the century, traffic averaged 8,300 boats of all sizes coming and going, carrying 350,000 long tons (360,000 t) per year. It peaked again during the second world war – with Allied planes bombing road and rail, water transport again became useful for transporting goods. The surge in activity continued after

221-518: The north-eastern canals. Commercial carrying continued on the Naviglio Grande, but the decline was steady and by the 1960s a project of a fluvial port to reach the Po River and consequentially the Adriatic Sea through the canals was shelved for good. The ancient Celtic settlement that gave rise to Milan was later replaced by a Roman one; the latter, which was called by the ancient Romans "Mediolanum",

238-508: The region of the Olona, which flowed further west, and the Seveso, whose natural bed was located further east. The three major rivers ( Lambro , Seveso and Olona ) flow in their natural beds, the Lambro and the Olona furthest from the city, with the Seveso being closer. Of the three, the only one that has not changed over the centuries is the Lambro, which still flows in its ancient natural bed, while

255-438: The war - in 1953 Porta Ticinese dock was the 13th largest in the country in terms of goods received. However, an increase in the value of goods and strong interests supporting road transport caused a rapid decline. During the sixties, the Fossa Interna was covered over and on March 30, 1979, the last cargo of sand was unloaded at the Darsena . Since then the canal has been used only for its original purpose, irrigation. Recently

272-531: Was linked to the Fossa Interna (also known as the Cerchia Interna or Inner Ring) of Milan using a new system of two locks to control the water level, thereby allowing boats to reach Piazza Santo Stefano. This was to allow the canal to be used in transporting stone and marble for the Duomo , whose construction started in 1386. This confirmed the canal to be the most valuable form of transport of Milan, and proved that

289-507: Was then in turn replaced by a medieval settlement. But the urban center of Milan has steadily grown, until modern times, around the first Celtic nucleus. The Celtic settlement had only one river namely the Nirone, and a fountain, the Molia (or Mollia). The Nirone lapped the ancient Mediolanum, while the Molia flowed near the settlement, collecting some irrigation from the north. Both of these were within

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