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43-759: The Navy constructed NAS Melbourne at the Melbourne Municipal Airport at the beginning of World War II and commissioned it on October 20, 1942 as Operational Training Unit No. 2. The Navy closed the site on February 12, 1946 and returned it to the City of Melbourne as surplus property in 1947. Currently, the City of Melbourne Airport Authority operates the site as the Melbourne Orlando International Airport . As an active military base, Naval Air Station Melbourne contained 129 buildings and served more than 310 officers and 1,355 enlisted personnel of

86-590: A $ 20   million upgrade was proposed for the airport, 90   percent coming from the Federal Aviation Administration , almost $ 1   million from the Florida Department of Transportation and $ 1   million from the airport. In November 2019, British tour operator and airline TUI Airways announced that, from 2022, they would switch their Orlando operations from their current base at Sanford to Melbourne. This announcement will see

129-745: A 727 direct Los Angeles to Melbourne via Atlanta; Eastern eventually dropped Melbourne upon the airlines closure in 1991. In the early 1980s some ending scenes for the film Stranger Than Paradise were shot in the Melbourne area, including several plot scenes shot at the airport (as listed in the credits). People Express Airlines started nonstops to Newark, Baltimore, Columbus and Buffalo, New York in spring 1982 with Boeing 737 jets. They eventually scaled back to just nonstops to Newark and ended service to MLB in 1986. Delta Air Lines started nonstops to Atlanta in 1983 with DC-9s and upgraded to Boeing 737s and MD-80s. In 1999 Spirit Airlines began commercial service to

172-524: A different approach and started development of the 787 in 2003 with a new composite frame and more fuel-efficient engines. This would prove to be the smarter choice as the lighter airframe paired with two next generation engines ( Trent 1000 and GEnx ) was much less costly to operate then the quad engine A380. The final blow to the A380 program came when Emirates cancelled a major order in 2018 and left Airbus without enough demand to continue production. It cancelled

215-599: A jet aircraft has confirmed one opinion I had formed after flying as a passenger in the Lancastrian jet test beds, that few, if any, having flown in a jet-propelled transport, will wish to revert to the noise, vibration and attendant fatigue of an airscrew-propelled piston-engined aircraft" The first purpose-built jet airliner was the British de Havilland Comet which first flew in 1949 and entered service in 1952 with BOAC. It carried 36 passengers up to 2500 miles (4000 km) at

258-511: A speed of 450mph (725 km/h). Serious structural problems arose not even two years after entering service and prompted several changes in design. The last original Comet was retrofitted in 1958. Also developed in 1949 was the Avro Canada C102 Jetliner , which never reached production; however, the term jetliner came into use as a generic term for passenger jet aircraft. These first jet airliners were followed some years later by

301-623: A superior product: American Airlines ordered the pioneering Comet (but later cancelled when the Comet ran into metal fatigue problems), Canadian, British and European airlines could not ignore the better operating economics of the Boeing 707 and the DC-8, while some American airlines ordered the Caravelle. Boeing became the most successful of the early manufacturers. The KC-135 Stratotanker and military versions of

344-408: A total of 17 weekly flights to/from eight British airports and is to bring their operations nearer to Port Canaveral where TUI's Marella Cruises will sail from in coming years. As a package tour operator, this brings passengers closer to their cruises, although it has angered many TUI passengers who fly with the company to visit Orlando with Walt Disney World and Universal Orlando Resort due to

387-543: Is an airliner powered by jet engines (passenger jet aircraft ). Airliners usually have two or four jet engines; three-engined designs were popular in the 1970s but are less common today. Airliners are commonly classified as either the large wide-body aircraft , medium narrow-body aircraft and smaller regional jet . Most airliners today are powered by jet engines, because they are capable of safely operating at high speeds and generate sufficient thrust to power large-capacity aircraft. The first jetliners, introduced in

430-451: Is named the Edward L. Foster Air Terminal. In the year ending December 31, 2020, the airport had 103,660 aircraft operations, average 284 per day; 93% were general aviation , 4% scheduled commercial, 2% air taxi and less than 1% military. 264 aircraft at the time were based at this airport: 186 single-engine, 42 multi-engine, 26 jet, 9 helicopter, and 1 military. The Airport Museum was in

473-517: Is reached by NASA Boulevard ( State Road 508 ). It is governed by a seven-member board which is appointed by the Melbourne City Council and the private sector. The airport budget is part of the Melbourne municipal budget; the airport receives no local tax dollars. The projected expenses for 2010 were $ 14.1   million. The executive director of the airport is Greg Donovan, A.A.E. Previously named Melbourne International Airport , in 2015

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516-505: Is under construction. Production facilities are for the Phenom 100 and 300 , and Legacy 450 and 500 . In 2010 two companies, AAR Corporation and MidAirUSA, announced plans for facilities at the airport. The companies intended to respectively employ 225 and 300 people. MidAirUSA went bankrupt in 2015; Aeromod International took over the MidAirUSA hangar in 2016. The airport is served by

559-513: The BAC One-Eleven and Douglas DC-9 twinjets ; Boeing 727 , Hawker Siddeley Trident and Tupolev Tu-154 trijets ; and the paired multi-engined Ilyushin Il-62 , and Vickers VC10 . The world-renowned supersonic Concorde first flew in 1969 but proved to be an economical disaster. Only 14 ever entered service, and the last Concorde was retired in 2003. The 1960s jet airliners were known for

602-768: The Sud Aviation Caravelle from France, the Tupolev Tu-104 from the Soviet Union (2nd in service), and the Boeing 707 , Douglas DC-8 and Convair 880 from the United States. National prestige was attached to developing prototypes and bringing these early designs into service. There was also a strong nationalism in purchasing policy, so that US Boeing and Douglas aircraft became closely associated with Pan Am , while BOAC ordered British Comets. Pan Am and BOAC, with

645-530: The Tupolev Tu-144 , have been superseded. The 1970s jet airliners introduced wide-body (twin-aisle) craft and high-bypass turbofan engines . Pan Am and Boeing "again opened a new era in commercial aviation" when the first Boeing 747 entered service in January 1970, marking the debut of the high-bypass turbofan which lowered operating costs, and the initial models which could seat up to 400 passengers earned it

688-766: The U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps . During the station's operation, 63 personnel died in aerial accidents and two enlisted men died in ground-related accidents. The station published two newspapers, starting with the Melbourne Wildcat from 1943–44, which was replaced by the Melbourne Hellcat from 1944–46 As of 2019, the worst aircraft accident occurred in South Brevard County, on March 26, 1944. A B-24E bomber from Chatham Field, Savannah, Georgia, suffering from multiple engine failures, crashed near Eau Gallie while attempting an emergency nighttime landing at

731-527: The 1950s, used the simpler turbojet engine; these were quickly supplanted by designs using turbofans , which are quieter and more fuel-efficient. The first airliners with turbojet propulsion were experimental conversions of the Avro Lancastrian piston-engined airliner, which were flown with several types of early jet engine, including the de Havilland Ghost and the Rolls-Royce Nene . They retained

774-484: The 707 remain operational, mostly as tankers or freighters . The basic configuration of the Boeing, Convair and Douglas aircraft jet airliner designs, with widely spaced podded engines underslung on pylons beneath a swept wing, proved to be the most common arrangement and was most easily compatible with the large-diameter high-bypass turbofan engines that subsequently prevailed for reasons of quietness and fuel efficiency . The Pratt & Whitney JT3 turbojets powered

817-526: The 767 on long-distance overseas routes that did not require the capacity of larger airliners. By the late 1980s, DC-10 and L-1011 models were approaching retirement age, prompting manufacturers to develop replacement designs. McDonnell Douglas started working on the MD-11 , a stretched and upgraded successor of the DC-10. Airbus, thanks to the success of its A320 family, developed the medium-range A330 twinjet and

860-574: The City of Melbourne acquired 160 acres (65 ha) west of Indian River Bluff to develop as a new airport, which was further developed and operated as Naval Air Station Melbourne during World War II . Returned to the city as a Surplus Property Airport after the War, Melbourne Airport was deeded to the city in 1947. It was a municipal airport until 1967 when the city created the Melbourne Airport Authority to plan, operate, maintain, and develop

903-983: The Melbourne Airport Authority Police Department for law enforcement services, and by the Melbourne Fire Department for fire and rescue services. Monthly passengers were at a seasonal low in September 2007 at 14,083. A high was experienced in March 2010 of 41,725. Total enplaned and deplaned passengers for 2008 numbered about 286,000. 229,000 passengers used the airport in 2009, a 24% drop from 2008. Passengers rose 70% in 2010 over 2009, as US Airways restarted service and Delta expanded. The airport handled about 38,667 short tons (35,078 t) in January 2014. [REDACTED] Media related to Melbourne International Airport at Wikimedia Commons Jet airliner A jet airliner or jetliner

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946-718: The Naval Air Station. Ten airmen were killed. The co-pilot, Lt. Basil R. Huntress, was the only survivor. 28°06′04″N 80°37′56″W  /  28.10111°N 80.63222°W  / 28.10111; -80.63222 Melbourne Orlando International Airport Melbourne Orlando International Airport ( IATA : MLB , ICAO : KMLB , FAA LID : MLB ) is a public airport 1.5 miles (2.4 km) northwest of downtown Melbourne , in Brevard County, Florida , United States, and 70 miles (113 km) southeast of Orlando , located on central Florida 's Space Coast . The airport

989-435: The advancement of the more economical turbofan technology, which passes air around the engine core instead of through it. Jet airliners that entered service in the 1960s were powered by slim, low-bypass turbofan engines, many aircraft used the rear-engined, T-tail configuration, such as the BAC One-Eleven , Boeing 737 , and Douglas DC-9 twinjets ; Boeing 727 , Hawker Siddeley Trident , Tupolev Tu-154 trijets ; and

1032-414: The airport as a less-congested alternative to Orlando's other two commercial airports, Orlando International Airport and Orlando Sanford International Airport . The airport also believed the name change would attract visitors who wanted to see Walt Disney World , Cape Canaveral, and the area's beaches. The airport is located approximately 70 miles (110 km) southeast of the City of Orlando. In 2017,

1075-466: The airport had been renamed Orlando Melbourne International Airport . However, due to a lawsuit claiming this name was misleading to passengers, the airport changed its name in May 2021. Melbourne International Airport began in 1928 when a Pitcairn Aircraft landed on a cow pasture strip north of Kissimmee Highway . Airmail service started in late 1928 when the airport was designated a fueling stop. In 1933

1118-520: The airport in 2014 with flights to Washington Dulles International Airport . In 2015, there were an estimated 15,000 paid attendees to the annual air show over a two-day weekend. The airport's first scheduled international service was announced by Porter Airlines in September 2015 to Toronto 's island airport . The airline discontinued service to the airport in 2019. In 2015, the airport changed its name to "Orlando Melbourne International Airport". Airport and local tourism officials wanted to brand

1161-615: The airport, then called Melbourne Municipal Airport. The name was Cape Kennedy Regional Airport and city officials changed the name to Melbourne Regional Airport in 1973 to better reflect its role. In January 1951, the airport had runways 04/22, 09/27, 13/31 and 16/34, all being listed as being 4,000 to 4,300 feet (1,200 to 1,300 m) long. Scheduled airline flights began in 1953. The April 1957 Official Airline Guide listed four Eastern Airlines departures, Martin 4-0-4s to Vero Beach , Daytona Beach and Jacksonville . National Airlines arrived in 1959 with Douglas DC-6Bs and scheduled

1204-830: The airport. The Authority operated a recreational vehicle site, "Port O' Call". This was closed and the tenants evicted in 2003. The intent was to use the property for commercial development. The Melbourne Airport Authority operates Tropical Haven (formerly Trailer Haven), a 760-site manufactured home park. In 2010 the airport had nonstop flights to Atlanta on Delta Air Lines and regional partner Atlantic Southeast Airlines , as well as nonstops to Charlotte Douglas International Airport on US Airways ' regional subsidiary PSA Airlines . These flights continue on Delta and American. Delta used to fly nonstop from Melbourne to its hubs in Cincinnati, New York–Kennedy and New York–La Guardia, and to Washington–Dulles and Washington–Reagan; all of this

1247-478: The airport. In June 1967 Eastern announced "The Space Corridor" from Melbourne to three centers in the space program: Huntsville, Alabama , St. Louis and Seattle . Eastern's "Space Corridor" was a Melbourne-Orlando-Huntsville-St. Louis-Seattle Boeing 727-100 . In June 1967 Eastern flew nonstop Melbourne to Atlanta, Tampa and Ft. Lauderdale and direct to New York City ( JFK Airport ), Washington, D.C. ( Dulles Airport ), Boston and Miami. In February 1976 Eastern flew

1290-514: The extended airport transfer time. In July 2021, the airport announced a $ 61   million renovation and expansion, in part to prepare for the arrival of TUI Airways ' operations from the United Kingdom . The airport covers 2,420 acres (979 ha) and has three asphalt runways : 09R/27L is 10,181 × 150 ft (3,103 × 46 m), 09L/27R is 6,000 × 150 ft (1,829 × 46 m) and 05/23 is 3,001 × 75 ft (915 × 23 m). The main terminal building

1333-471: The first jet airliner flights in 1963: Douglas DC-8s Miami–Melbourne–New Orleans–Houston–Los Angeles and Los Angeles–Houston–Melbourne–Miami. In 1960, Meadowlane Elementary School first opened at a Naval hospital on the airport grounds. The school moved to West Melbourne in 1961. In 1969, a National DC-8 flew Los Angeles–Tampa–Melbourne–Miami. Houston and Los Angeles figured in NASA's space program, and Melbourne

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1376-488: The help of advertising agencies and their strong nautical traditions of command hierarchy and chain of command (retained from their days of operating flying boats ), were quick to link the "speed of jets" with the safety and security of the "luxury of ocean liners " in the public 's perception . Aeroflot used Soviet Tupolevs , while Air France introduced French Caravelles . Commercial realities dictated exceptions, however, as few airlines could risk missing out on

1419-455: The latest widebody airliners are the Airbus A380 (first flight in 2005), Boeing 787 (first flight in 2009) and Airbus A350 (first flight in 2013). These improvements allowed longer ranges and lower cost of transportation per passenger. Sukhoi Superjet 100 and Airbus A220 (formerly Bombardier CSeries) are examples of narrowbodies with similar level of technological advancements. The A380

1462-471: The nickname "Jumbo Jet". The Boeing 747 revolutionized air travel by making commercial air travel more affordable as ticket prices fell and airlines improved their pricing practices. Other wide-body designs included the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and Lockheed L-1011 TriStar trijets , smaller than the Boeing 747 but capable of flying similar long-range routes from airports with shorter runways. There

1505-521: The original Boeing 707 and DC-8 models; in the early 1960s the JT3 was modified into the JT3D low-bypass turbofan for long-range 707 and DC-8 variants. The de Havilland and Tupolev designs had engines incorporated within the wings next to the fuselage , a concept that endured only within military designs while the Caravelle pioneered engines mounted either side of the rear fuselage. The 1960s jet airliners include

1548-499: The paired multi-engined Ilyushin Il-62 , and Vickers VC10 . The rear-engined T-tail arrangement is still used for jetliners with a maximum takeoff weight of less than 50 tons. As of April 2023, 15,591 Boeing 737s have been ordered and 11,395 delivered, and it remains the most produced jet aircraft. Other 1960s developments, such as rocket-assisted takeoff ( RATO ), water-injection , and afterburners (also known as reheat) used on supersonic jetliners (SSTs) such as Concorde and

1591-487: The related long-range A340 quad-jet. In 1988, Boeing began developing what would be the 777 twinjet, using the twin-engine configuration given past design successes, projected engine developments, and reduced-cost benefits. In addition, Boeing also released a major update on their 747, the 747-400 . The most modern airliners are characterized by increased use of composite materials, high-bypass ratio turbofan engines, and more advanced digital flight systems. Examples of

1634-504: The terminal building. However, the new expansion that occurred, demolished the museum and replaced with a news and gift shop. The Florida Institute of Technology Research, Science and Technology Park covers about 100 acres (40 ha) surrounded by airport tenants such as Northrop Grumman , GE Railway , Rockwell Collins , DRS Technologies , and L3 Harris , and leases property to two hospitals and one hotel. A new Embraer Business Jet Assembly Facility, intended to employ 200 workers,

1677-557: The two inboard piston engines, the jets being housed in the outboard nacelles. The first airliner with jet power only was the Nene-powered Vickers VC.1 Viking G-AJPH , which first flew on 6 April 1948. The early jet airliners had much lower interior levels of noise and vibration than contemporary piston-engined aircraft, so much so that in 1947, after piloting a jet powered aircraft for the first time, Wing Commander Maurice A. Smith, editor of Flight magazine, said, "Piloting

1720-761: Was also the market debut of the European consortium Airbus , whose first aircraft was the twinjet Airbus A300 . In 1978, Boeing unveiled the twin-engine Boeing 757 to replace its 727 , and the wide body twin-engine 767 to challenge the Airbus A300 . The mid-size 757 and 767 launched to market success, due in part to 1980s extended-range twin-engine operational performance standards ( ETOPS ) regulations governing transoceanic twinjet operations. These regulations allowed twin-engine airliners to make ocean crossings at up to three hours' distance from emergency diversionary airports . Under ETOPS rules, airlines began operating

1763-487: Was close to the NASA Kennedy Space Center. In July 1974 a National Boeing 727 flew Miami–Melbourne–Tampa–New Orleans–Los Angeles–San Diego; National Boeing 727-200s flew direct Houston and New Orleans to Melbourne. In May 1979 National had one flight a day from Melbourne, a 727-200 to Tampa. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Eastern Airlines Boeing 727s, Douglas DC-9s and Lockheed Electras flew out of

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1806-542: Was discontinued in 2019 and the last plane was delivered to Emirates in 2021. Airbus began designing it in the 90s with the expectation that airlines would be moving many people between large hubs with just one flight. Their focus was on building a very large plane with a conventional metal airframe and engines to supersede the Boeing 747 . However, airlines started to operate more direct, point-to-point flights between smaller cities which made twin engine jets more attractive and economical to operate. For comparison, Boeing took

1849-542: Was discontinued. USA3000 Airlines briefly served Melbourne with flights to Baltimore/Washington. Presidential Airways (scheduled) had nonstop flights to Daytona Beach and Washington, DC (Dulles), with Boeing 737s and BAE-146 Jets. American Airlines served Melbourne with flights to Raleigh/Durham on MD-80 jets and Continental flew to Newark Liberty with 727 and 737 aircraft. Direct Air flew to Niagara Falls, New York , and Punta Gorda, Florida , with 737 and McDonnell Douglas MD-80 jets. Elite Airways began operating at

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