Founded in 1893, the National Sculpture Society ( NSS ) was the first organization of professional sculptors formed in the United States . The purpose of the organization was to promote the welfare of American sculptors, although its founding members included several renowned architects . The founding members included such well known figures of the day as Daniel Chester French , Augustus St. Gaudens , Richard Morris Hunt , and Stanford White as well as sculptors less familiar today, such as Herbert Adams , Paul W. Bartlett , Karl Bitter , J. Massey Rhind , Attilio Piccirilli , and John Quincy Adams Ward —who served as the first president for the society.
29-511: Since its founding in the nineteenth century, the National Sculpture Society (NSS) has remained dedicated to promoting figurative and realistic sculpture. During the years 1919 to 1924, four works commissioned from members of the National Sculpture Society were funded by philanthropist Paul Goodloe McIntire , including George Rogers Clark (1921) by Robert Ingersoll Aitken at Charlottesville, Virginia . Membership worldwide in 2006
58-462: A growing move to standardize college educations by the Association of American Universities . The enrollment of the school greatly increased under his administration, as well, going from 500 regular session students in 1904 to 2,200 in 1929. Alderman also laid the financial groundwork for the university's future. During the first years of his presidency he established its first endowment fund and led
87-624: A school of commerce and economics, today the McIntire School of Commerce , in 1921. One of McIntire's most notable contributions to UVa was the endowment of the chair of Fine Arts, with the explicit goal of enriching the Charlottesville cultural experience. While a professorship of fine arts had been part of Jefferson's original plan for the University, no provision was made for a faculty of Fine Arts until McIntire's 1919 gift of $ 155,000 endowed
116-581: The D.C.L. from the University of the South in 1896, also received the degree of LL.D. from Tulane University in 1898, and from Johns Hopkins University in 1902. He was a noted public speaker, and won fame for his memorial address for Woodrow Wilson , delivered to a joint session of Congress on December 15, 1924. Alderman was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1925. In 1904,
145-489: The Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia invited Alderman, then president of Tulane University, to become the first president of the University of Virginia. Since its founding in 1819, university had been governed by its Board of Visitors, but increasing discord between Visitors and the faculty, as well as the rising administrative burden of dealing with expanding academic departments and burgeoning student enrollments, led to
174-637: The German-occupied north. Edwin Alderman Edwin Anderson Alderman (May 15, 1861 – April 30, 1931) served as the president of three universities. Edwin A. Alderman Elementary School in Wilmington and the Alderman dorm at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill are named after him. The main library at the University of Virginia used to bear his name. Alderman was
203-511: The NSS was Theo Alice Ruggles Kitson , in 1893. She was followed a few years later by Enid Yandell and Bessie Potter Vonnoh in 1898; Janet Scudder in 1904; Anna Hyatt Huntington in 1905 and Evelyn Longman and Abastenia St. Leger Eberle in 1906. In 1946, Richmond Barthé was likely the first African-American to be admitted. In 1994, the NSS held their first exhibition outside the United States at
232-809: The North Carolina Legislature to establish the Normal and Industrial School for Women, now known as the University of North Carolina at Greensboro . He was elected a member of the American Historical Association in 1892, member of the Maryland Historical Society in 1893, and member of the National Education Association in 1894. In 1892 Alderman became professor of history at State Normal College and taught there until 1893 when he became professor of pedagogy at
261-567: The Palazzo Mediceo Di Seravezza in Italy. Titled “100 Years of the National Sculpture Society of the United States of America in Italy” it ran from the 16th of July through the 4th of September and was curated by Nicky and Stanley Bleifeld along with Costantino Paolicchi in collaboration with Lodovico Gierut and Paolo Giorgi. Among the 60 notable American sculptors whose work was selected for
290-707: The University Hospital to support new sickbeds and public health research, helped create the School of Education and Human Development (formerly the Curry School of Education), established the extension and summer school programs, and helped create the first school of finance and commerce at the school. He then restructured existing programs, separating the former “academic department” into the College of Arts and Sciences and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, in accordance with
319-557: The University of North Carolina, and he was named president of that institution in 1896, then he moved on to take the same position at Tulane University in 1900, before moving again to the University of Virginia in 1904. There he stayed for 27 years, until his death in 1931 from a stroke in Connellsville, Pennsylvania, while en route to deliver a speech in Illinois. He is buried at the University of Virginia Cemetery . Alderman received
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#1732849057150348-469: The University was the McIntire Amphitheatre . At the time only the seventh Greek-style outdoor theatre in the United States, the theatre, established with a $ 120,000 gift in 1921, was intended as an outdoor performance space. He also donated $ 50,000 toward a new building for the University Hospital in 1924, a 1932 gift of $ 75,000 for the study of psychiatry, $ 100,000 for cancer research; $ 47,500 for
377-459: The University's Naming and Memorials Committee consider changing the name. In December 2023, as the library prepared to reopen after extensive renovations, the Building and Grounds Committee of the University's Board of Visitors tabled a proposal to remove Alderman's name from the library. The proposal would have renamed the library in honor of Edgar Shannon , the University's fourth President. After
406-408: The University's campus. One quote read: "It is settled, I believe, that this white man who has shown himself so full of courage and force, shall rule in the South, because he is fittest to rule." The fliers argued that the Alderman name should be removed from the library. In December 2019, U.Va. Libraries established a committee to consider renaming the library. In June 2021, that group requested that
435-670: The Virginia Education Commission, created in 1910. Alderman's crusade encountered some resistance from traditionalists and never challenged the Jim Crow system of segregated schooling. Alderman was born in Wilmington, North Carolina , on May 15, 1861. He was son of James and Susan (Corbett) Alderman, grandson of Patrick and Susan (Wallace) Alderman and descended from Scotch and English ancestors , who emigrated in 1774 and settled on Lower Cape Fear at North Carolina. Alderman
464-518: The chair. He wrote to then-President Edwin Alderman that he hoped that "the University will see its way clear to offer many lectures upon the subject of art and music, so that the people will appreciate more than ever before that the University belongs to them; and that it exists for them." The McIntire Department of Music and the McIntire Department of Art were subsequently named in recognition of his gift. Another of McIntire's contributions to
493-686: The city of Charlottesville . Paul Goodloe McIntire was born in 1860 in Charlottesville, Virginia . He attended the University of Virginia for one session, 1878–1879, and then left "since I had to make a living." McIntire started his career as a coffee trader in Chicago, purchasing a seat on the Chicago Stock Exchange , then moved to New York and the New York Stock Exchange in 1901. He retired to Charlottesville in 1918. McIntire
522-418: The decision to move forward with the creation of the office of the president. Alderman was not the first choice for the new office. After considering other candidates, including Virginia Law former student Woodrow Wilson , the Board had first invited its former member George W. Miles, a colonel who had served on the staff of Virginia Governor James Hoge Tyler . The faculty opposed Miles' nomination and he
551-488: The exhibition were Stanley Bleifeld , Andrew DeVries , Neil Estern, Leonda Finke, Bruno Lucchesi , Barbara Lekberg, Richard MacDonald and Elliott Offner. Paul Goodloe McIntire Paul Goodloe McIntire (1860–1952) was an American stockbroker, investor, and philanthropist from Virginia . He served on the Chicago and New York Stock Exchanges . He was a generous donor to the University of Virginia and its home,
580-430: The fundraising of almost $ 700,000 to meet a $ 500,000 challenge grant from Andrew Carnegie . By the end of his presidency the endowment would increase to $ 10 million. He spent two-thirds of his long-term at the University of Virginia physically disabled after a bad bout with tuberculosis . In 1938, the newly-constructed main library of the University of Virginia was named after Alderman in honor of his legacy. During
609-645: The key leader in higher education in Virginia during the Progressive Era as president of the University of Virginia, 1904–31. His goal was the transformation of the Southern university into a force for state service and intellectual leadership. Alderman successfully professionalized and modernized Virginia's system of higher education. He promoted international standards of scholarship and a statewide network of extension services. Joined by other college presidents, he promoted
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#1732849057150638-457: The late 2010s, the name started to come under criticism in light of his racial attitudes and policies. During his tenure at the University, Alderman had recruited eugenicists to the University's faculty, from which they disseminated eugenic theories that asserted the genetic inferiority of Black people and supported segregation and forced sterilization. In September 2019, fliers quoting racist comments made by Alderman were anonymously posted around
667-510: The library opened in the spring semester, an open letter supporting the proposed change was signed by over 1000 students, faculty, staff, and student organizations, including the Student Council. On February 29, 2024, the Buildings and Grounds Committee voted 10-1 in favor of the change, and the full Board of Visitors voted the next day to rename the library in honor of Shannon. Alderman is
696-619: The purchase of Pantops Farm, the financing of a concert series in Old Cabell Hall, the gift of a rare books collection to the library, and nearly 500 works of art to the University of Virginia Art Museum. McIntire also financed a set of four public sculptures, George Rogers Clark , Thomas Jonathan Jackson , Robert Edward Lee , and Meriwether Lewis and William Clark , through the National Sculpture Society . These statues focus on figures sharing common themes of aiding
725-632: The violent displacement of indigenous Americans (Clark, Lewis, and Clark) and celebrating the "Lost Cause" of the Confederacy (Lee and Jackson), thus attesting to McIntire's cultivation and support of white supremacy. All four of these sculptures were removed in July 2021. McIntire was a recipient of the French Legion of Honor in 1929 for his founding of a children's tuberculosis hospital in France for refugees from
754-411: Was a generous philanthropist. Virginia historian Virginius Dabney notes that he gave nearly $ 750,000 to the University of Virginia in named gifts, in addition to gifts to the city of Charlottesville and other anonymous donations, and that by 1942 he had given away so much of his fortune that he "was struggling to live within his annuity of $ 6,000." He is best remembered for his $ 200,000 gift establishing
783-585: Was around 4,000 members, including sculptors, architects, art historians, and conservators. Its headquarters, library, and gallery are located in midtown Manhattan . In 1951, the NSS started publishing Sculpture Review , a quarterly magazine. It is now published for NSS by Sage Publishing in conjunction with Policy Studies Organization. Past presidents of the society have included John Quincy Adams Ward , James Earle Fraser , Chester Beach , Wheeler Williams , Leo Friedlander , Neil Estern , and Cecil de Blaquiere Howard . The first woman to gain admission into
812-636: Was forced to withdraw. Other candidates were proposed, including Francis Preston Venable (who had succeeded Alderman as president of the University of North Carolina ), but Alderman was unanimously chosen as the consensus candidate on June 14, 1904. He began to serve in the fall of 1904 but was not formally inaugurated until April 13, 1905 ( Thomas Jefferson 's birthday, celebrated as Founder's Day). The University of Virginia changed in several significant ways under Alderman's guidance. First, he focused new attention on matters of public concern, helped create departments of geology and forestry, added significantly to
841-625: Was prepared for college at the schools in Wilmington and at Bethel Military Academy , Virginia, from 1876 to 1878. In 1882 he graduated with a Bachelor of Philosophy from the University of North Carolina , where he was a member of the Dialectic Society . He became a schoolteacher in Goldsboro, North Carolina , superintendent of city schools there, from 1885 to 1889, and conductor of the state teachers' institutes, from 1889 to 1892. In 1891, Alderman and Charles Duncan McIver successfully pressed
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