The National Front of Afghanistan ( NFA ; Persian : جبهه ملی افغانستان , romanized : Jabha-ye Millī Afğānistān ; also Afghanistan National Front, ANF), or Jabha-ye Melli , was established in late 2011 by Ahmad Zia Massoud , Haji Mohammad Mohaqiq and Abdul Rashid Dostum . It was generally regarded as a reformation of parts of the military wing which once existed of the United Front (Northern Alliance) which with U.S. air support removed the Taliban from power in Afghanistan in late 2001. The National Front strongly opposed a return of the Taliban to power but failed to keep them in check. The chairman of the National Front was Ahmad Zia Massoud, the younger brother of the Northern Alliance leader Ahmad Shah Massoud who was assassinated two days before the September 11 attacks in 2001. It is unclear if it is still in operation, as Afghanistan's Republican government has collapsed.
18-473: (Redirected from National Fatherland Front ) For other uses, see National Front of Afghanistan . National Fatherland Front Formation August 1981 Dissolved 1992 Type Umbrella organization Headquarters Kabul , Afghanistan Membership 55,000 (1984) Parent organization PDPA The National Fatherland Front ( NFF ; Dari : جبهه ملی پدر وطن ) later known as
36-581: A bid to capture power in Kabul. Their strong show of unity in Berlin suggests that they will not roll over and give way to an exclusive US-Taliban-Pakistan settlement being imposed on their nation. Besides incorporating the political parties of the involved leaders, the National Front works in coordination with different Afghan political parties. Among the major political parties that support or work in coordination with
54-448: A joint declaration: We call for a national dialogue on a revised Constitution to correct the inherent flaws in the present power structure by decentralizing the political system, making it more compatible with the diverse political, social and cultural nature of Afghanistan. The Afghan people deserve and need a parliamentary form of democracy instead of a personality-centered Presidential system. We firmly believe that any negotiation with
72-614: Is the first time that the leadership of the Tajik, Uzbek and Hazara communities [of Afghanistan] has come to a common line of thinking ... In essence, the Northern Alliance is being resuscitated as a political entity. ... As the Northern Alliance groups see it, Pakistani strategy is to wait out the period between now and 2014 - the date set for the US troop withdrawal - and then regroup the Taliban and make
90-560: The National Front ( NF ; Dari: جبهه ملی ), was an umbrella organization to the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) which ruled Afghanistan from 1978 until 1992. NFF was established to recruit more supporters for the communist regime in Afghanistan. Between 1980 and 1982, during Babrak Karmal 's rise as president, a lot of governmental propaganda was released for support of
108-515: The Soviet nor Afghan governments confirmed any incident occurred. Most sources agree that it involved a Soviet Army convoy traveling southward through the tunnel. According to Soviet Army records, on 3 November 1982, two military convoys (2211 and 2212) collided in the Salang tunnel causing a traffic jam, but no fire or explosion. Initial reports described fuel and ordnance explosions , and estimates of
126-532: The Soviet–Afghan War . Details are uncertain and officially the number of casualties was recorded as between 168–176 Soviet and Afghan soldiers and civilians . Despite this, contemporary Western media said the incident may have been the deadliest known road accident, and one of the deadliest fires of modern times, with the death toll estimated at 2,700 to 3,000 people, including 700 Soviet soldiers. The Salang Tunnel, which allows motor traffic to bypass
144-853: The National Front are the National Coalition of Afghanistan led by Abdullah Abdullah , the Basej-e Milli led by Amrullah Saleh, the Nangarhar Shura led by a Pashtun leadership council, the National Congress Party of Afghanistan led by Latif Pedram, and the main Jamiat-e Islami led by Balkh governor Ustad Atta Mohammad Noor . The National Front has held major political rallies across different provinces in Afghanistan. These rallies were attended by thousands of Afghan citizens. Abdul Rashid Dostum speaking on one of these rallies said that
162-663: The Tajik-dominated Jamiat-i Islami, Abdul Rashid Dostum , leader of the Uzbek-dominated Junbish-i Milli; Haji Mohammad Mohaqiq , a leader of the Hazara Hezb-e Wahdat and Amrullah Saleh , former director of the Afghan intelligence service NDS and leader of the newly formed Basij-e Milli (Afghanistan Green Trend) encompassing all ethnic groups, after the meeting with US congressmen in Berlin signed
180-514: The Taliban can only be acceptable, and therefore effective, if all parties to the conflict are involved in the process. The present form of discussions with the Taliban is flawed, as it excludes anti-Taliban Afghans. It must be recalled that the Taliban extremists and their Al-Qaeda supporters were defeated by Afghans resisting extremism with minimal human embedded support from the United States and International community. The present negotiations with
198-453: The Taliban fail to take into account the risks, sacrifices and legitimate interests of the Afghans who ended the brutal oppression of all Afghans. If the Taliban are imposed on Afghanistan, there will be resistance. In order to speed the withdrawal of international forces, the participants believe it is essential to strengthen regional and national institutions that are inclusive and represent
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#1732855415615216-510: The Taliban were establishing bases in the north of Afghanistan from which to mount attacks after the withdrawal of most international troops in 2014. The National Front announced it would have a candidate running for the presidential elections in 2014 and emphasized the need for "a transparent and fair election". 1982 Salang Tunnel fire The 1982 Salang Tunnel fire occurred on 3 November 1982 in Afghanistan 's Salang Tunnel during
234-511: The Taliban were removed from power by United Front ground forces and NATO special forces in late 2001, the Shura-e Nazar which more or less had already been replaced by the United Front, dissolved as an organization. Many of its members are still connected and organised within this political party (The National Coalition of Afghanistan). In January 2012, the National Front raised concerns about
252-815: The concerns of all the communities of Afghanistan. The participants favor a change in the Electoral System from a Single Non Transferable Vote System to a nationally accepted variant of the Proportional Representation system with equal opportunities for both independent candidates, the political parties, or tribal representatives. We also support the election of Governors and empowerment of provincial councils. Such elected Governors and provincial councils should also have authority for such things as creating budgets and generating revenue, overseeing police and healthcare, as well as establishing educational authority, if they so desire. The Asia Times writes: This
270-635: The death toll were as high as 2,700. Shortly after the event, Western diplomats indicated that a collision with a fuel truck initiated the fire in the tunnel that led to the catastrophe, resulting in the death of as many as 700 Soviet soldiers and 400 to 2,000 Afghan civilians. People died either from fire or smoke inhalation. The death toll was subsequently revised downwards by the Soviet government many times. Fifty-six to 64 Soviet soldiers and 112 Afghans were killed by carbon monoxide emitted by idling engines. Afghan insurgents said they did not have any role in
288-565: The infamous Salang Pass (or Kotal-e Salang), was completed by Soviet engineers in 1964 and is of major strategic importance. Prior to the 1982 fire, on 23 February 1980, carbon monoxide buildup killed 16 Soviet soldiers in the Salang Tunnel. Very few facts are known about the fire. All information available constitutes little more than hearsay, in part because the Soviet Army was not inclined to reveal massive losses during wartime. Neither
306-2887: The organization. By April 1984, the New Times (Kabul) claimed that the NFF had over 55,000 members. Leaders (in 1984) [ edit ] Chairman of the Central Committee: Dr. Saleh Mohammad Ziarei Vice-Chairmen of the Central Committee: Bariq Shafihi, Suleiman Laeq, Sayed Afghani, Nejmuddin Kawyani, Sayed Ekram Paygir References [ edit ] ^ Ed 2002 43rd, Taylor & Francis Group (10 July 2003). The Europa World Year Book 2003 . ISBN 9781857432275 . Retrieved 2009-03-23 . {{ cite book }} : CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( link ) ^ "Национальный Отечественный Фронт Демократической Республики Афганистан | National Security Archive" . nsarchive.gwu.edu . Retrieved 2023-07-08 . ^ Eur, Europa Publications Staff and Europa Publications (July 1994). The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation . ISBN 9780788111112 . Retrieved 2009-03-22 . v t e Democratic Republic of Afghanistan History Timeline 1978: Saur Revolution 1979: Herat uprising Soviet control and deployment Assassination of Amin 1981: PIA hijacking 1982: Salang Tunnel fire 1983–84: Siege of Urgun 1985: Afghan Airlines shootdown 1986: Battles of Zhawar 1987: Battle of Arghandab National Reconciliation 1988: Battle for Hill 3234 Parliamentary election Geneva Accords Operation Arrow 1989: Soviet withdrawal 1990–1992: Civil War: 1989–1992 Siege of Khost [REDACTED] Afghanistan portal [REDACTED] Communism portal Politics Council of Ministers Central Committee Democratic Youth Organisation Constitution Government National Front People's Democratic Party Factions: Parcham Kar Khalq Settam-e-Melli Politburo Heads of state Heads of government Revolutionary Council Democratic Women's Organisation of Afghanistan Women's Council [REDACTED] Category [REDACTED] WikiProject Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Front_(Afghanistan)&oldid=1256288307 " Categories : People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan Popular fronts of communist states Hidden categories: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list Articles containing Dari-language text National Front of Afghanistan After
324-482: The possibility of a secretive and untransparent deal between the US, Pakistan and the Taliban during a widely publicized meeting in Berlin. U.S. Congressman Louie Gohmert wrote, "These leaders who fought with embedded Special Forces to initially defeat the Taliban represent over 60-percent of the Afghan people, yet are being entirely disregarded by the Obama and Karzai Administrations in negotiations." Ahmad Zia Massoud from
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